CN102258158B - 一种添加发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕的草鱼饲料及生产方法 - Google Patents
一种添加发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕的草鱼饲料及生产方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102258158B CN102258158B CN201110252460XA CN201110252460A CN102258158B CN 102258158 B CN102258158 B CN 102258158B CN 201110252460X A CN201110252460X A CN 201110252460XA CN 201110252460 A CN201110252460 A CN 201110252460A CN 102258158 B CN102258158 B CN 102258158B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- feed
- grass carp
- fermentation
- rice
- dregs
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 241000252230 Ctenopharyngodon idella Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 235000019779 Rapeseed Meal Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 2
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000004456 rapeseed meal Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 46
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- QBKSWRVVCFFDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N gossypol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=C(O)C(O)=C(C=O)C2=C(O)C(C=3C(O)=C4C(C=O)=C(O)C(O)=C(C4=CC=3C)C(C)C)=C(C)C=C21 QBKSWRVVCFFDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000222178 Candida tropicalis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940039695 lactobacillus acidophilus Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 compound vitamin Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- UMURLIQHQSKULR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-oxazolidine-2-thione Chemical compound S=C1NCCO1 UMURLIQHQSKULR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QHOPXUFELLHKAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thespesin Natural products CC(C)c1c(O)c(O)c2C(O)Oc3c(c(C)cc1c23)-c1c2OC(O)c3c(O)c(O)c(C(C)C)c(cc1C)c23 QHOPXUFELLHKAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930000755 gossypol Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 229950005277 gossypol Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002540 isothiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000186000 Bifidobacterium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nicotinamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003471 Vitamin B2 Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003966 nicotinamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005152 nicotinamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011570 nicotinamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal hydrochloride Natural products CC1=NC=C(CO)C(C=O)=C1O RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019164 vitamin B2 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019158 vitamin B6 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005282 vitamin D3 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940021056 vitamin d3 Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].N([C@@H]([C@]1(C)[N-]\C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C(\C)/C1=N/C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C\C1=N\C([C@H](C1(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=C/1C)[C@@H]2CC(N)=O)=C\1[C@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N2C3=CC(C)=C(C)C=C3N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000252228 Ctenopharyngodon Species 0.000 description 7
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- WTLNOANVTIKPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxypropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)OC(C)=O WTLNOANVTIKPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001275898 Mylopharyngodon piceus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- ASARMUCNOOHMLO-WLORSUFZSA-L cobalt(2+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2s)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+2].[N-]([C@@H]1[C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]3CO)N3C4=CC(C)=C(C)C=C4N=C3)O)\C2=C(C)/C([C@H](C\2(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=N/C/2=C\C([C@H]([C@@]/2(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C(C)/C2=N[C@]1(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O ASARMUCNOOHMLO-WLORSUFZSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007413 intestinal health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种草鱼饲料,该饲料主要使用发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕而不是使用豆粕和鱼粉作为原料,再添加米糠、小麦、磷酸二氢钙、以及多种维生素和微量元素制成,该饲料具有成本低、污染小的优点,本发明通过优化饲料的合理配比进一步降低了饵料系数。此外,本发明还提供了该饲料的制备方法,包括物料的两次制粒过程,通过两次制粒,既能使原料中的营养成分不受破坏,同时与膨化生产工艺相比能够大大降低成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种添加发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕,无豆粕,无鱼粉的草鱼专用饲料及其生产方法,本发明属于饲料工业领域。
背景技术
草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)属鲤形目鲤科雅罗鱼亚科草鱼属。草鱼的俗称有:鲩、油鲩、草鲩、白鲩、草鱼、草根(东北)、混子、黑青鱼等。英文名:Grass carp 。栖息于平原地区的江河湖泊,一般喜居于水的中下层和近岸多水草区域。性活泼,游泳迅速,常成群觅食。为典型的草食性鱼类。在干流或湖泊的深水处越冬。生殖季节亲鱼有溯游习性。已移殖到亚、欧、美、非各洲的许多国家。因其生长迅速,饲料来源广,是中国淡水养殖的四大家鱼之一。
然而现有的草鱼料配方中都直接使用棉粕和菜粕,因棉粕中游离棉酚含量较高,在草鱼料中添加量不超过20%,菜粕中异硫氰酸酯和恶唑烷硫酮含量极高,菜粕在草鱼料中添加量不超过40%,所以草鱼料中还会添加豆粕及动物蛋白原料,导致成本高,消化率低、未消化的饲料对水体污染很大。国际国内都还没有将发酵棉粕和发酵菜粕在草鱼料中高剂量添加,同时去掉配方中豆粕和动物性蛋白原料的报道。
发明内容
针对上述不足,本发明提供了一种草鱼饲料,该饲料的应用能够解决草鱼饲养成本高的问题。此外,本发明还提供了所述饲料的生产方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案是:以高剂量添加发酵棉粕和发酵菜粕为主要原料,同时取消豆粕和动物性蛋白原料的使用,再添加米糠、小麦、磷酸二氢钙、以及多种维生素和微量元素制成。本发明进一步优化了饲料配方,具体地,本发明饲料包括以下重量份的组分:
发酵菜粕 | 48.0~52.0 |
发酵棉粕 | 19.0~21.0 |
米糠 | 9.0~11.0 |
小麦 | 14.0~16.0 |
磷酸二氢钙 | 1.2~1.8 |
磷脂油 | 1.5~2.5 |
食盐 | 0.2~0.4 |
氯化胆碱 | 0.15~0.25 |
甜菜碱 | 0.05~0.15 |
复合多维 | 0.4~0.6 |
复合微量元素 | 0.3~0.5 。 |
优选地,本发明饲料包括如下重量份的组分:
发酵菜粕 | 50.0 |
发酵棉粕 | 20.0 |
米糠 | 10.0 |
小麦 | 15.0 |
磷酸二氢钙 | 1.5 |
磷脂油 | 2.0 |
食盐 | 0.3 |
氯化胆碱 | 0.2 |
甜菜碱 | 0.1 |
复合多维 | 0.5 |
复合微量元素 | 0.4 。 |
该饲料中游离棉酚含量仅55mg/kg,异硫氰酸酯含量为380mg/kg,恶唑烷硫酮含量为270mg/kg。该饲料饲喂50g的草鱼到1.6kg,饵料系数为1.72:1,因饲料中含多种有益菌,有净化水质作用,消毒调水剂的使用减少50%以上,草鱼全期死亡率仅为7%。
本发明用的发酵棉粕和发酵菜粕是采用高活性酵母菌、乳酸菌、杆菌等益生菌利用现代生物技术对菜粕和棉粕进行发酵、酶解而成。
具体可按照以下方法制备:棉粕/菜粕加红糖5%,加由热带假丝酵母(Candida tropicalis)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、双歧乳杆菌(Bifidobacterium)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)制成的发酵种子液5%(其中含热带假丝酵母1×1010cfu/ml,嗜酸乳杆菌2×1010cfu/ml,双歧乳杆菌5×109cfu/ml,枯草芽孢杆菌1×1010cfu/ml),加净水50%混和均匀,严格密封控制温度28-45℃发酵48小时,然后均匀翻料,再发酵24小时,再次翻料,发酵24小时,结束发酵,低温(低于50℃)烘干之含水量小于10%,粉碎,包装而成。
所述发酵棉粕以及发酵菜粕也可以通过市购获得。
所述复合多维的配置为:维生素A:800000IU/kg;维生素D3:250000IU/kg;维生素E:16000IU/kg;维生素K3:14000mg/kg;维生素B1:2000mg/kg;维生素B2:2000mg/kg;维生素B6:1600mg/kg;维生素B12:10mg/kg;生物素:40mg/kg;叶酸:600mg/kg;烟酰胺:10000mg/kg;D-泛酸:8000mg/kg;肌醇:20000mg/kg。
所述复合微量元素的配置为:硫酸亚铁200g/kg;硫酸铜4g/kg;硫酸锰25g/kg;硫酸锌85g/kg;硫酸钴(钴含量为1%)2.5g/kg;亚硒酸钠(硒含量为1%)7g/kg;硫酸镁250g/kg;碘化钾(碘含量为5%)4g/kg;沸石粉422.5g/kg。
本发明还提供该草鱼饲料的生产方法,其具体步骤为:
(1)将发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕进行细粉碎,有利于均匀混合和高温调质,有利于消化吸收。(2)将小麦粉碎、米糠、磷酸二氢钙进行第一次高温(95-100℃)调质制粒,使小麦中淀粉充分熟化,同时破坏米糠中的脂肪酶和氧化酶活性,有利于饲料的存放,延长保质期。(3)将第一次制粒的小麦、米糠和磷酸二氢钙粉碎后与粉碎好的发酵棉粕、发酵菜粕,以及维生素、矿物质等原料混合后低温(45-50℃)制粒,在此温度条件下,发酵棉粕和发酵菜粕中残留的有益菌,维生素、酶制剂保留了很高的活性。此方法生产的草鱼料耐水性好(为3分钟),消化率高(饵料系数为1.72:1)。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1. 取消豆粕的使用,豆粕是畜禽饲料中主要的蛋白原料,使用发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕可节约豆粕的用量。同时可以减少稀缺资源,如鱼粉的使用。
2. 豆粕、动物性蛋白原料的价格远高于发酵棉粕和发酵菜粕,因此可以降低饲料成本,带来经济效益。
3. 因发酵棉粕和发酵菜粕中有毒有害物质减少,富含小肽,富含乳酸、乙酸和谷氨酸,残留多种益生菌,维生素,酶制剂等有利于提高蛋白消化吸收利用率,减少残饵对水体的污染,维持草鱼正常的肠道微生态平衡肠道健康,降低饵料系数。
4. 通过二次制粒既保证了饲料中酶制剂、维生素、益生菌等有益的成分,与膨化生产工艺来说,大大地降低了生产成本。
附图说明
图1是本配方采用的二次加工生产流程。
具体实施方式:
以下实施例用于进一步说明本发明,但不应理解为对本发明的限制。实施例中涉及到的百分比“%”,如无特别说明,是指重量百分比。
实施例1
1、配方的设计:以发酵菜粕(购自武汉天帅生物工程有限公司)50%、发酵棉粕(购自武汉天帅生物工程有限公司)20%为主要原料,再添加米糠、小麦、磷酸二氢钙、以及多种维生素和微量元素。配方中不添加豆粕,动物性蛋白原料以及任何抗生素。具体配方如表1所示:
表1 草鱼料的配方
编号 | 原料名称 | 添加比例(%) |
1 | 发酵菜粕 | 50.0 |
2 | 发酵棉粕 | 20.0 |
3 | 米糠 | 10.0 |
4 | 小麦 | 15.0 |
5 | 磷酸二氢钙 | 1.5 |
6 | 磷脂油 | 2.0 |
7 | 食盐 | 0.3 |
8 | 氯化胆碱 | 0.2 |
9 | 甜菜碱 | 0.1 |
10 | 复合多维 | 0.5 |
11 | 复合微量元素 | 0.4 |
12 | 合计 | 100.0 |
2、生产方法:(1)将小麦粉碎后与米糠、磷酸二氢钙进行第一次高温(95-100℃)调质制粒,使小麦中淀粉充分熟化,同时破坏米糠中的脂肪酶活性,有利于饲料的存放,延长保质期。(2)将发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕进行细粉碎,同时将第一次高温制粒后的小麦、米糠、磷酸二氢钙颗粒粉碎。(3)将粉碎好的小麦、米糠、磷酸二氢钙复合物与粉碎好的发酵棉粕、发酵菜粕、以及维生素、矿物质等原料混合后低温(45-50℃)制粒,在此温度条件下,发酵棉粕和发酵菜粕中残留的有益菌,维生素、酶制剂保留了很高的活性。(4)制粒后冷却装包。相关加工指标如表2所示。
表2 相关加工指标
其中,发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕的制备方法如下:
具体方法为棉粕/菜粕加红糖5%,加由热带假丝酵母(Candida tropicalis)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、双歧乳杆菌(Bifidobacterium)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)制成的发酵种子液5%(其中含热带假丝酵母1×1010cfu/ml,嗜酸乳杆菌2×1010cfu/ml,双歧乳杆菌5×109cfu/ml,枯草芽孢杆菌1×1010cfu/ml),加净水50%混和均匀,严格密封控制温度35℃发酵48小时,然后均匀翻料,再发酵24小时,再次翻料,发酵24小时,结束发酵,低温(低于50℃)烘干之含水量小于10%,粉碎,包装而成。
该饲料实测的成分分析值如表3所示,其中异硫氰酸酯为380mg/kg,恶唑烷硫酮为270mg/kg,游离棉酚为55mg/kg。
表3实测成分
编号 | 指标名称 | 结果 | 检测方法 |
1 | 粗蛋白 | 30.2% | GB/T 6432-1994 |
2 | 粗脂肪 | 4.1% | GB/T 6433-2006 |
3 | 粗纤维 | 8.55% | GB/T 6434-2006 |
4 | 粗灰分 | 8.32% | GB/T 6438-2007 |
5 | 总磷 | 1.26% | GB/T 6437-2002 |
6 | 赖氨酸 | 1.57% | GB/T 18868-2002 |
7 | 异硫氰酸酯 | 380mg/kg | GB/T 13087-1991 |
8 | 恶唑烷硫酮 | 270mg/kg | GB/T 13087-1991 |
9 | 游离棉酚 | 55mg/kg | GB/T 13086-1991 |
3. 鱼塘饲喂实验
池塘占地20亩,平均水深1.5-1.8m;鱼种为草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus),平均48g/尾;饲料为本发明饲料;实验时间为2010-06-25至2010-09-13;共80天;分3各阶段投喂,第一阶段饲料粒径为2.0mm,投喂30天,平均每天投喂量为270kg;第二阶段饲料粒径为2.5mm,投喂25天,平均每天投喂量为680kg;第三阶段饲料粒径为3.0mm,投喂25天,平均每天投喂1000kg;饲喂方法为每天上午7点、中午12点和下午4点投料。总体情况及结果如表4所示。
表4
池塘面积 | 20亩 | 池塘水深 | 1.5-1.8m |
饲喂时间 | 80天 | 死亡 | 1404尾 |
草鱼投放量 | 20000尾 | 死亡率 | 7% |
投放平均规格 | 48g/尾 | 收获鱼总重 | 30100kg |
总投重量 | 960kg | 收获鱼均重 | 1.62kg/尾 |
饲料用量 | 50000kg | 饵料系数 | 1.72:1 |
结果表明,使用本发明饲料,草鱼从48g饲喂80天体重达到1.62kg,饵料系数为1.72:1,草鱼全期死亡率仅为7%。可见,本发明饲料具有良好的应用价值。
尽管本发明给出了优选的饲料配方,本领域技术人员可以根据本发明公开的内容,对饲料的配方做适当的修改,例如适当调整发酵菜粕及发酵棉粕的含量,改变一种或多种本发明饲料配方中的其他成分的含量,但总体思想上是通过发酵菜粕及发酵棉粕来替代原来饲料配方中的主要原料的,均属于本发明保护的范围。
Claims (8)
2.根据权利要求1所述的草鱼饲料,其特征在于,由以下重量份的组分组成:
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的草鱼饲料,其特征在于,所述复合多维为:维生素A:800000IU/kg;维生素D3:250000IU/kg;维生素E:16000IU/kg;维生素K3:14000mg/kg;维生素B1:2000mg/kg;维生素B2:2000mg/kg;维生素B6:1600mg/kg;维生素B12:10mg/kg;生物素:40mg/kg;叶酸:600mg/kg;烟酰胺:10000mg/kg;D-泛酸:8000mg/kg;肌醇:20000mg/kg。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的草鱼饲料,其特征在于,所述复合微量元素为:硫酸亚铁200g/kg;硫酸铜4g/kg;硫酸锰25g/kg;硫酸锌85g/kg;钴含量为1%的硫酸钴2.5g/kg;硒含量为1%的亚硒酸钠7g/kg;硫酸镁250g/kg;碘含量为5%的碘化钾4g/kg;沸石粉422.5g/kg。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的草鱼饲料,其特征在于,该饲料游离棉酚含量不高于55mg/kg,异硫氰酸酯含量不高于380mg/kg,恶唑烷硫酮含量不高于270mg/kg。
6.一种制备权利要求1~5任一项所述草鱼饲料的方法,其包括如下步骤:(1)将发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕进行粉碎;(2)将小麦粉碎,并与米糠、磷酸二氢钙混合后在95-100℃下进行第一次调质制粒;(3)将第一次制粒的小麦、米糠、磷酸二氢钙粉碎后与粉碎好的发酵棉粕、发酵菜粕,以及其他原料混合后于45-50℃制粒。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕的制备方法为:棉粕/菜粕加红糖5%,加由热带假丝酵母(Candida tropicalis)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、双歧乳杆菌(Bifidobacterium)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)制成的发酵种子液5%,其中含热带假丝酵母1×1010cfu/ml,嗜酸乳杆菌2×1010cfu/ml,双歧乳杆菌5×109cfu/ml,枯草芽孢杆菌1×1010cfu/ml,加净水50%混和均匀,严格密封控制温度28-45℃发酵48小时,然后均匀翻料,再发酵24小时,再次翻料,发酵24小时,结束发酵,低于50℃烘干至含水量小于10%,粉碎得到。
8.权利要求1~5任一项所述草鱼饲料在饲养草鱼中的应用。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201110252460XA CN102258158B (zh) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | 一种添加发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕的草鱼饲料及生产方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201110252460XA CN102258158B (zh) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | 一种添加发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕的草鱼饲料及生产方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN102258158A CN102258158A (zh) | 2011-11-30 |
CN102258158B true CN102258158B (zh) | 2013-07-24 |
Family
ID=45005158
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201110252460XA Expired - Fee Related CN102258158B (zh) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | 一种添加发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕的草鱼饲料及生产方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN102258158B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103844033A (zh) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-11 | 湖北裕泰科技饲料有限公司 | 一种草鱼保健饲料及其制备方法 |
CN103271228A (zh) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-09-04 | 武汉天龙饲料有限公司 | 一种鳙鱼饲料及其生产方法 |
CN104366036A (zh) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-02-25 | 李丁成 | 一种淡水鲤科渔用配合饲料及其制备方法 |
CN104171579A (zh) * | 2014-07-12 | 2014-12-03 | 合肥奕涵农牧科技有限公司 | 一种调节肠道草鱼饲料及其制备方法 |
CN105639190A (zh) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 西南大学 | 一种淡水鱼用复合蛋白源及其制备方法 |
CN106307592A (zh) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-11 | 怀宁县龙盛草业有限公司 | 一种富含膳食纤维的草鱼饲料及其制备方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101444267A (zh) * | 2008-12-22 | 2009-06-03 | 湖南湘北水产饲料有限公司 | 生物草鱼饲料及其制备方法 |
CN101869177A (zh) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-10-27 | 德州天恩饲料有限公司 | 饲料生产新工艺 |
CN101953439A (zh) * | 2010-09-28 | 2011-01-26 | 广州市诚一水产科技有限公司 | 一种草鱼饲料预混料及其应用 |
CN101978855A (zh) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-02-23 | 湖北海大饲料有限公司 | 一种抗草鱼脂肪肝的人工配合饲料 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61146155A (ja) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-07-03 | Nippon Nousan Kogyo Kk | 養魚用飼料 |
-
2011
- 2011-08-30 CN CN201110252460XA patent/CN102258158B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101444267A (zh) * | 2008-12-22 | 2009-06-03 | 湖南湘北水产饲料有限公司 | 生物草鱼饲料及其制备方法 |
CN101869177A (zh) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-10-27 | 德州天恩饲料有限公司 | 饲料生产新工艺 |
CN101953439A (zh) * | 2010-09-28 | 2011-01-26 | 广州市诚一水产科技有限公司 | 一种草鱼饲料预混料及其应用 |
CN101978855A (zh) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-02-23 | 湖北海大饲料有限公司 | 一种抗草鱼脂肪肝的人工配合饲料 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
王桂香.鱼饲料中常用的添加剂.《农村养殖技术》.2007,(第06期),31. |
鱼饲料中常用的添加剂;王桂香;《农村养殖技术》;20071231(第06期);31 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102258158A (zh) | 2011-11-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103271249B (zh) | 淡水鱼保健饲料 | |
CN103652475B (zh) | 草鱼饲料 | |
CN102258157B (zh) | 添加发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕的斑点叉尾鮰鱼饲料及生产方法 | |
CN102090538B (zh) | 中华鳖稚鳖阶段粉状配合饲料 | |
CN102258158B (zh) | 一种添加发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕的草鱼饲料及生产方法 | |
CN102018152B (zh) | 中华鳖幼鳖阶段粉状配合饲料 | |
CN101984848B (zh) | 罗非鱼越冬饲料 | |
CN103349156B (zh) | 一种富寡肽的花鳗鲡粉状配合饲料 | |
CN104431635A (zh) | 一种翘嘴红鲌越冬专用配合饲料及其制备方法 | |
CN104286429A (zh) | 一种低鱼粉饲料及其应用 | |
CN102771680B (zh) | 花鳗鲡幼鳗鱼阶段粉状配合饲料 | |
CN107361248B (zh) | 营养高效斜带髭鲷的全程配合饲料、制备方法及其应用 | |
CN103271228A (zh) | 一种鳙鱼饲料及其生产方法 | |
CN105285490A (zh) | 黑尔鳗鲡成鳗阶段粉状配合饲料 | |
CN108185228A (zh) | 一种仿生态大黄鱼软颗粒配合饲料及其制备方法 | |
CN109170328B (zh) | 一种笼养蛋鸭配合饲料及其制作方法 | |
CN103168969B (zh) | 一种绿色环保、营养高效型太阳鱼饲料 | |
CN104938787B (zh) | 一种适用水产养殖的棉粕复合微生态制剂及制备和应用 | |
CN101965931A (zh) | 一种瓦氏黄颡鱼成鱼颗粒饲料 | |
CN104489397A (zh) | 一种草鱼夏季专用饲料 | |
CN104738343A (zh) | 一种提高草鱼抗应激能力和免疫能力的饲料及其制备方法 | |
CN105010816B (zh) | 一种亲鳝饲料及其制备方法 | |
Andriani et al. | Utilization of fermented Mangrove propagules (Rhizophora mucronata) as feeding material for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) | |
CN102178063B (zh) | 一种鱼体脂肪沉积调控组合物及其应用 | |
CN102125175A (zh) | 一种使用发酵菜粕的凡纳滨对虾商业配合饲料 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130724 |
|
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |