CN102232328A - Method for improving saline-alkali soil and planting method for saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Method for improving saline-alkali soil and planting method for saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102232328A CN102232328A CN2010101650583A CN201010165058A CN102232328A CN 102232328 A CN102232328 A CN 102232328A CN 2010101650583 A CN2010101650583 A CN 2010101650583A CN 201010165058 A CN201010165058 A CN 201010165058A CN 102232328 A CN102232328 A CN 102232328A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C14/00—Methods or apparatus for planting not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving saline-alkali soil. The method comprises the following steps of: removing topsoil of the saline-alkali soil, setting an air-permeable anti-seepage aggregate layer on the saline-alkali soil of which the topsoil is removed, and setting a planting soil layer on the air-permeable anti-seepage aggregate layer. The invention also provides a planting method for the saline-alkali soil. The method comprises the following step of: planting plants and/or plant seeds in improved saline-alkali soil, wherein the improved saline-alkali soil is treated by the method for improving the saline-alkali soil. The method for improving the saline-alkali soil and the planting method for the saline-alkali soil can effectively prevent the planting soil layer of the surface layer from being salinized, so that the planting soil layer is suitable for plantation for a long time; moreover, by the method for improving the saline-alkali soil, a large amount of fresh water resources are not needed for washing, so that the water consumption is effectively reduced and the using range of the method is expanded.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method in saline land and kind method for planting in saline land improved.
Background technology
At present, processing method to the saline land generally comprises the salt discharge method and presses salt method etc. both at home and abroad, but they all exist many weak points, for example, the salt discharge method is that the salt content on surface, saline land is reduced, pressing the salt method is to utilize natural precipitation or artificial big flood to irrigate, and impels infiltration downwards such as the saline and alkaline hole along soil of part, crack, takes the salinity of topsoil to bottom with water.Though said method can make the salt content on top layer, saline land reduce, and can not keep permanent, and needs a large amount of water sources.
Therefore, it is little and can improve the method in saline land and the kind method for planting in saline land long-term effectively to need to develop a kind of water consumption urgently.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the big and effect of water consumption that the kind method for planting for the method that overcomes existing improvement saline land and saline land exists and keep impermanent shortcoming, provide a kind of water consumption little and can improve the method in saline land and the kind method for planting in saline land long-term effectively.
The invention provides a kind of method that improves the saline land, wherein, this method comprises: the saline land topsoil is got rid of, gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer is set on the saline land of having removed topsoil, on described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer the plantation soil layer is set.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of kind method for planting of saline land, and wherein, this method comprises: plant and/or plant seed are planted in the saline land after improvement, and wherein, the improvement method in described saline land is a method provided by the invention.
The method in improvement provided by the invention saline land and the kind method for planting in saline land can prevent effectively that top layer plantation soil layer is by salination, thereby make the plantation soil layer be suitable for muchly planting, and method provided by the invention need not a large amount of freshwater resources and washes, thereby has reduced water consumption effectively and enlarged the scope of application of this method.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of method that improves the saline land, wherein, this method comprises: the saline land topsoil is got rid of, gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer is set on the saline land of having removed topsoil, on described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer the plantation soil layer is set.
According to the present invention, the gas permeability and the seepage flow coefficient of described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer can in very large range change, as long as can prevent that plantation soil layer on the gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer is by salination and have certain gas permeability to satisfy the plant growing in the plantation soil layer, under the preferable case, the air permeability of described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer can be 10-100, and described air permeability k is the parameter that the reflection material sees through the gas ability.Air capacity Q by the definite shape sample (centimetre
3) with duration of ventilation (minute), the sectional area F of pressure differential P (centimeter water column height) before and after the sample, sample (centimetre
2) be directly proportional, with specimen height h (centimetre) be inversely proportional to.
Promptly
Then
In the formula: K---air permeability (centimetre
3Cm/
2Centimeter water column minute)
Q---gas permeation amount (centimetre
3)
F---sample sectional area (centimetre
2)
H---specimen height (centimetre)
P---pressure differential (centimeter water column)
T---the time (minute)
Described seepage flow coefficient can be 10
-4-10
-7Cel, described seepage flow coefficient be in the Darcy's law expression water at normal temperature in material the measuring of penetration (cel, cm/s)
According to the present invention; the described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate that forms described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer contains aggregate main body and the hydrophobic resin film that is positioned on the aggregate main body; described aggregate main body can be in quartz sand, slag, haydite or the glass microballoon one or more; the size of described aggregate main body can in very large range change; under the preferable case; the mean particle diameter of described aggregate main body can be 20-3500 micron, more preferably 100-1000 micron.
In the described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate, the amount that is positioned at the described hydrophobic resin film on the aggregate main body can in very large range change, under the preferable case, gross weight with described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate is a benchmark, the content of described aggregate main body can be 90-99 weight %, and the content of described hydrophobic resin film can be 1-10 weight %.
According to the present invention, the material of described hydrophobic resin film can be in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, hydrophobicity phenolic resins, hydrophobicity polyurethane resin and the hydrophobicity silicones one or more.Described hydrophobicity epoxy resin, hydrophobicity phenolic resins, the kind of hydrophobicity polyurethane and hydrophobicity silicones is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, for example, described hydrophobicity epoxy resin can be the glycidol ether based epoxy resin, the ethylene oxidic ester based epoxy resin, the glycidol amine epoxy resin, line style aliphatic category epoxy resin, alicyclic based epoxy resin, polysulfide-rubber-modified epoxy, the polyamide modified epoxy, polyvinyl alcohol uncle butyraldehyde modified epoxy, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified epoxy resin, phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, the mylar modified epoxy, urine aldehyde melmac modified epoxy, the furfural resin modified epoxy, the vinyl modified epoxy, in isocyanate modified epoxy resin and the silicones modified epoxy one or more.
For example, described hydrophobicity phenolic resins can be in dimethylbenzene phenol-formaldehyde resin modified, epoxy resin modification phenolic resins and the organic silicon modified phenolic resin one or more.
In addition, under the preferable case, described hydrophobic resin film can also contain curing agent, the content of described curing agent can in very large range change, under the preferable case, be benchmark with the gross weight of described hydrophobic resin film, the content of described curing agent is 20-25 weight %.
Among the present invention, the kind of described curing agent has no particular limits, and forms the hydrophobic resin film as long as can make on described aggregate main body.For example, described curing agent can be hexamethylenetetramine, dibutyl tin dilaurate, N, N, N ', one or more in the addition product of N '-tetramethyl guanidinesalt, ketone peroxide, cobalt naphthenate, peroxidized t-butyl perbenzoate, peroxy dicarbonate, dialkyl peroxide, the own ester of peroxidation acid uncle and bis peroxy dicarbonate, toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) and the tripolymer of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI).
According to of the present invention one preferred embodiment, in using dimethylbenzene phenol-formaldehyde resin modified, epoxy resin modification phenolic resins and organic silicon modified phenolic resin one or more preferably use hexamethylenetetramine as curing agent during as the material of hydrophobic resin film.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when using the hydrophobicity organic siliconresin as the material of hydrophobic resin film, the tripolymer that preferably uses the addition product of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) and/or toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI) is as curing agent.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when using the hydrophobicity polyurethane resin as the material of hydrophobic resin film, when the curing agent that adds at normal temperatures is preferably ketone peroxide and/or cobalt naphthenate, the curing agent that adds under heated condition is preferably one or more in peroxidized t-butyl perbenzoate, peroxy dicarbonate, dialkyl peroxide, the own ester of peroxidation acid uncle and the bis peroxy dicarbonate.
The breathable waterproof aggregate that meets above-mentioned requirements can be commercially available, for example, and the breathable waterproof sand that the Beijing Huichuang Technology Group Co., Ltd produces, STS-303.
Under the preferable case, method of the present invention can also comprise: before gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer is set, the soil layer of getting rid of behind the topsoil of saline land is flattened processing.
According to the present invention, the degree of depth of the saline land topsoil of getting rid of can in very large range change according to the plant that will plant, and under the preferable case, the degree of depth of the described saline land topsoil of getting rid of can be for being 20-100 centimetre, more preferably 40-60 centimetre.
The thickness of described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer has no particular limits, as long as can prevent that plantation soil layer on the gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer is by salination and have certain gas permeability to satisfy the plant growing in the plantation soil layer, under the preferable case, the thickness of described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer can be for being 1-10 centimetre, more preferably 3-5 centimetre.
Described plantation the thickness of the layer can in very large range change according to the plant that will plant, and under the preferable case, described plantation the thickness of the layer can be 20-100 centimetre, more preferably 40-60 centimetre.
The present invention also provides a kind of kind method for planting of saline land, and wherein, this method comprises: plant and/or plant seed are planted in the saline land after improvement, and wherein, the improvement method in described saline land is a method provided by the invention.
The method of described serike and/or plant seed is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, can be according to the species that will plant, and select the agricultural planting mode of various routines.Described plant can be in cereal crops, vegetable crop, forest, fruit tree, ornamental plants and the careless class one or more, for example, can be shallot, eggplant, spinach, Chinese cabbage, radish, capsicum, holy girl fruit etc., described plant seed can be the propagating materials of above-mentioned plant.
Below by following examples the present invention is described in more details.
Embodiment 1
Filling saline-alkali soil in flowerpot (diameter is 40 centimetres, and height is 90 centimetres) is with the simulation saline land.
Saline land topsoil (degree of depth is 18 centimetres) is got rid of, laying depth is 2 centimetres ventilative antiseepage sand (Beijing Huichuang Technology Group Co., Ltd on the saline land of having removed topsoil, STS-303) form gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer, laying depth is 16 centimetres a plantation soil layer on described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer.
Embodiment 2
Filling saline-alkali soil in flowerpot (diameter is 40 centimetres, and height is 90 centimetres) is with the simulation saline land.
Saline land topsoil (degree of depth is 40 centimetres) is got rid of, soil layer behind the removal topsoil is carried out smooth processing, laying depth is 3 centimetres ventilative antiseepage sand (Beijing Huichuang Technology Group Co., Ltd on the soil layer after the leveling, STS-303) form gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer, laying depth is 37 centimetres a plantation soil layer on described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer.
Embodiment 3
Filling saline-alkali soil in flowerpot (diameter is 40 centimetres, and height is 90 centimetres) is with the simulation saline land.
Saline land topsoil (degree of depth is 50 centimetres) is got rid of, soil layer behind the removal topsoil is carried out smooth processing, laying depth is 4 centimetres ventilative antiseepage sand (Beijing Huichuang Technology Group Co., Ltd on the soil layer after the leveling, STS-303) form gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer, laying depth is 46 centimetres a plantation soil layer on described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer.
Embodiment 4
Filling saline-alkali soil in flowerpot (diameter is 40 centimetres, and height is 90 centimetres) is with the simulation saline land.
Saline land topsoil (degree of depth is 45 centimetres) is got rid of, soil layer behind the removal topsoil is carried out smooth processing, laying depth is 8 centimetres ventilative antiseepage sand (Beijing Huichuang Technology Group Co., Ltd on the soil layer after the leveling, STS-303) form gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer, laying depth is 37 centimetres a plantation soil layer on described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer.
Embodiment 5
Filling saline-alkali soil in flowerpot (diameter is 40 centimetres, and height is 90 centimetres) is with the simulation saline land.
Saline land topsoil (degree of depth is 30 centimetres) is got rid of, soil layer behind the removal topsoil is carried out smooth processing, laying depth is 5 centimetres ventilative antiseepage sand (Beijing Huichuang Technology Group Co., Ltd on the soil layer after the leveling, STS-303) form gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer, laying depth is 25 centimetres a plantation soil layer on described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer.
Embodiment 6-10
By outflow test in STZ direct reading permmeter and the column lucite tube, detect the air permeability and the seepage flow coefficient of the gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer of laying among the embodiment 1-5, the result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | |
| Air permeability | 60 | 40 | 30 | 24 | 20 |
| Seepage flow coefficient (cm/s) | 6×10 -5 | 3×10 -5 | 1×10 -5 | 6×10 -6 | 2×10 -6 |
Embodiment 15-20
Transplant shallot on the saline land after the improvement in embodiment 1-5, and in the normal planting soil identical, also transplant same plant, in contrast with the planting soil that adds among the embodiment 1-5.
Observe the plant height of transplanting shallot after back 1 month, 2 months, 3 months in transplanting respectively, the result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
| Embodiment 1 (cm) | Embodiment 2 (cm) | Embodiment 3 (cm) | Embodiment 4 (cm) | Embodiment 5 (cm) | Normal planting soil (cm) | |
| During transplanting | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| January | 14 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 |
| February | 25 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 |
| March | 37 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 39 |
Embodiment 16-20
Upper seeding wheel point green pepper seed (Bei Jing Green east, saline land agrotechnique research institute after the improvement in embodiment 1-5, sharp green pepper trump), and in normal planting soil, also sow same plant seed, in contrast.
Observe the plant height of sharp green pepper after back 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and the quantity contrast of the sharp green pepper of knot on the individual plant point green pepper after 6 months in plantation respectively, the result sees Table 3 respectively, shown in the table 4.
Table 3
| Embodiment 1 (cm) | Embodiment 2 (cm) | Embodiment 3 (cm) | Embodiment 4 (cm) | Embodiment 5 (cm) | Normal planting soil (cm) | |
| January | 4.7 | 4.8 | 5 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 |
| February | 28 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 29.2 | 29 |
| March | 49 | 49 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 51 |
Table 4
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Normal planting soil | |
| Point green pepper number | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 10 |
Data from table 2, table 3 and table 4 as can be seen, through cultivating on the saline-alkali soil of method improvement of the present invention and sowing, the growth of Plants and Seeds and the growth on normal cultivating soil are consistent, the method in improvement provided by the invention saline land is described and plants method for planting and can prevent effectively that top layer plantation soil layer is by salination, thereby make the plantation soil layer be suitable for muchly planting, and method provided by the invention need not a large amount of freshwater resources and washes, thereby has reduced water consumption effectively and enlarged the scope of application of this method.
Claims (9)
1. method that improves the saline land, wherein, this method comprises: the saline land topsoil is got rid of, gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer is set on the saline land of having removed topsoil, on described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer the plantation soil layer is set.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, the air permeability of described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer is 10-100, the seepage flow coefficient is 10
-4-10
-7Cel.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2; wherein; the described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate that forms described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer contains aggregate main body and the hydrophobic resin film that is positioned on the aggregate main body; described aggregate main body is one or more in quartz sand, slag, haydite or the glass microballoon, and the mean particle diameter of described aggregate main body is the 20-3500 micron.
4. method according to claim 3 wherein, is a benchmark with the gross weight of described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate, and the content of described aggregate main body is 90-99 weight %, and the content of described hydrophobic resin film is 1-10 weight %.
5. method according to claim 3, wherein, the material of described hydrophobic resin film is one or more in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, hydrophobicity phenolic resins, hydrophobicity polyurethane resin and the hydrophobicity silicones, and described hydrophobic resin film also contains curing agent, gross weight with described hydrophobic resin film is a benchmark, and the content of described curing agent is 20-25 weight %.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, the degree of depth of the saline land topsoil of getting rid of is 15-100 centimetre, and the thickness of described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer is 1-10 centimetre, and described plantation the thickness of the layer is 15-100 centimetre.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein, the degree of depth of the saline land topsoil of getting rid of is 40-60 centimetre, and the thickness of described gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer is 3-5 centimetre, and described plantation the thickness of the layer is 40-60 centimetre.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, this method also comprises: before gas permeability antiseepage aggregate layer is set, the soil layer of getting rid of behind the topsoil of saline land is flattened processing.
9. the kind method for planting in a saline land, wherein, this method comprises: plant and/or plant seed are planted in the saline land after improvement, and wherein, the improvement method in described saline land is any described method among the claim 1-8.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010165058.3A CN102232328B (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2010-04-30 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil and planting method for saline-alkali soil |
| PCT/CN2011/073512 WO2011134423A1 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2011-04-29 | Salina land improving method and planting method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010165058.3A CN102232328B (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2010-04-30 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil and planting method for saline-alkali soil |
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| CN102232328B CN102232328B (en) | 2014-06-04 |
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| CN104521526A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-04-22 | 浙江广川工程咨询有限公司 | River band plant planting method for newly-formed coastal land areas |
| CN106034901A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Citric acid containing impervious material and method for planting fig trees in saline-alkaline land by using impervious material |
| CN106035019A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | White carbon black containing impervious material and method for planting Rosa chinensis in saline-alkaline land by using impervious material |
| CN108496454A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-07 | 长沙小新新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for the method and salt-soda soil improveing salt-soda soil |
| CN112075154A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-15 | 浙江绿农生态环境有限公司 | Method for restoring saline-alkali soil into field |
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| CN102232328B (en) | 2014-06-04 |
| WO2011134423A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
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