CN102210406B - Artificial micro-diet for naiads and larvae of Sipunculus nudus - Google Patents
Artificial micro-diet for naiads and larvae of Sipunculus nudus Download PDFInfo
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- CN102210406B CN102210406B CN201110129134A CN201110129134A CN102210406B CN 102210406 B CN102210406 B CN 102210406B CN 201110129134 A CN201110129134 A CN 201110129134A CN 201110129134 A CN201110129134 A CN 201110129134A CN 102210406 B CN102210406 B CN 102210406B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial micro-diet for naiads and larvae of Sipunculus nudus. At present, a research and development technology for an artificial feed for the naiads and larvae of the Sipunculus nudus is still blank, and a self-cultured biological bait which can be used for the intermediate rearing of the naiads and larvae of the Sipunculus nudus hardly meets the demand of mass seedling production due to unstable supply, so that the problems that the survival rate of artificial breeding is low, the yield of seedlings is low, the breeding scale is difficult to expand and the like are caused. In the invention, aiming at the digestive physiological characteristics of the Sipunculus nudus at nymphal and larval phases, the artificial micro-diet is prepared by selecting feed raw materials with high utilization rate. Nutrient components contained in the artificial micro-diet can meet the need of fast growth of the naiads and larvae of the Sipunculus nudus; the artificial micro-diet improves the survival rate of the seedlings of the naiads and larvae of the Sipunculus nudus and the digestibility of various nutrients by the naiads and larvae of the Sipunculus nudus; the artificial micro-diet has the advantages that: the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus is reduced, the stability is high, the dissolution rate is low, and the artificial micro-diet slightly pollutes water bodies; and the problem that a biological bait is inadequate during the artificial breeding of the Sipunculus nudus is solved.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the artificial micro-granulated feed of the young larva of a kind of Sipunculus nudus; Be a kind of man-made feeds that can satisfy the young larval growth desired nutritional of Sipunculus nudus fully specifically; Solve the not enough problem of biological feed during the Sipunculus nudus artificial breeding, belonged to technical field of aquaculture feedstuff.
Background technology
Sipunculus nudus (Sipunculus nudus) also claim nude Sipunculus nudus; Its body is long tubular, and body is about 10～20cm, and body wall forms square clathrate decorative pattern; Be commonly called as " sandworm "; Be sipunculan door common species, be under the jurisdiction of Sipunculus nudus guiding principle (Sipunculidea), Sipunculus nudus order (Sipunculiformes), Sipunculus nudus section (Sipunculidae), Sipunculus nudus genus (Sipunculus), be the water warm cosmopolitan; China Shandong, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Taiwan is coastal all to have a distribution, wherein with sea area, Guangxi resource than horn of plenty.
Sipunculus nudus is one of famous precious marine product kind of China; Its delicious flavour, nutritious, be rich in multiple nutritional components such as protein, fat and calcium, phosphorus, iron thereby have the good reputation of " seabeach sausage "; Be a kind of marine product that liked by the consumer, be one of sea area, North Sea feature breed.Except edible, Sipunculus nudus can also be used as medicine, and has clearing lung-heat, nourishing Yin and falling fire and spleen-invigorating function, and some area replaces Cordyceps sinensis to use with it, cures mainly bone hectic fever, uncomfortable in chest, cough and tooth disease such as swell and ache.Modern medicine research shows that Sipunculus nudus contains various active materials such as rich in protein, trace element and polysaccharide, has antifatigue, delays senility and improve functions such as immunity of organisms.
Sipunculus nudus is one of important fishery resources of China, but since the end of the eighties in last century, the digging of predatory ground causes the siphon-worm amount to descend rapidly.Along with the quick decline of natural resources and market to the increase day by day of sandworm finished product demand, caused the promotion day by day of sandworm price.In recent years under the ordering about of the market price and the market demand, the coastal masses in ground such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Hainan propagate enthusiasm artificially just surging to Sipunculus nudus.At present the artificial seedling setting seed of putting in a suitable place to breed of culturing the sea area mainly digs from natural sea area and catches the seed supply bottleneck.Propagate the demand that can't satisfy peasant household artificially through gathering, buy natural seeding, wild fry, also can damage natural resources.According to statistics, the beach area of the coastal suitable breed Sipunculus nudus in the whole nation surpasses 500,000 mu, and only the Guangxi Sipunculus nudus is cultured needs the seedling amount promptly to reach more than 1,500,000,000, and the seed demand is very big, and the seed shortage becomes the principal element of restriction Sipunculus nudus aquaculture development.In recent years, along with the breakthrough that artificial indoor raising of seedling technology obtains, sandworm is increasing in the coastal breed scale of south China.Though artificial indoor raising of seedling technology makes a breakthrough; And realized the success of the young larva intermediate rearing of Sipunculus nudus; But at present because the development of the young larva artificial feed of Sipunculus nudus technology is still blank; But the biological feed of the training certainly of the young larva intermediate rearing of supplier's lattice siphon-worm is difficult to satisfy the demand that extensive seed produces because of supplying instability; This is difficult to be protected with regard to the quality and quantity that makes the young larva of Sipunculus nudus, thereby causes that the artificial breeding survival rate is low, output of seedling is little, the scale of growing seedlings is difficult to problems such as expansion.Therefore, nutrition of the young larva of Sipunculus nudus and feed problem have become the bottleneck factor that restriction Sipunculus nudus large-scale artificial is grown seedlings and high yield is formed.In this case, (Microdiet, MD) part even replacing whole biological feed are imperative, are to open up the needs of culturing new varieties, promoting the breed level for the artificial micro-granulated feed of the suitable young larva nutritional need of Sipunculus nudus of exploitation.According to retrieval, up to now, the bibliographical information of domestic and international not square as yet lattice siphon-worm nutrition physiology and feed-formulating technique aspect, the basic framework of the young larva nutrition parameters of Sipunculus nudus makes up as yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention just provides the artificial micro-granulated feed of the young larva of a kind of Sipunculus nudus, to satisfy the demand of the young larval growth of Sipunculus nudus to various nutrition, the under-supply problem of biological feed during the solution Sipunculus nudus artificial breeding.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme: the artificial micro-granulated feed of the young larva of a kind of Sipunculus nudus comprises the raw material of following weight parts:
White fish meal 25-35 part, shrimp med 5-10 part, squid powder 3-6 part, mouse tail algae powder 5-10 part, sargassum powder 6-12 part, dregs of beans 15-22 part, flour 15-20 part, fish oil 1-4 part, soybean lecithin 1-3 part, composite mineral salt 0.5-1 part, B B-complex 0.5-1 part and ethoxyquinoline 0.05-0.08 part;
Above-mentioned solid feed raw material components was pulverized 250 mesh sieves; After raw material after pulverizing mixed with the method for stepwise dilution; Mix with soybean lecithin and these two kinds of liquid charging stocks of fish oil again; Add suitable quantity of water and mix the back and granulate with granulator by conventional method, 40-60 ℃ of oven dry, broken then, sieve, classification processes micro-granulated feed;
Said white fish meal, shrimp med, dregs of beans and squid powder all are commercially available prod, and the protein content scope of every kind of product is respectively 67-75%, 35-45%, 40-50%, 55-65%.
Said mouse tail algae powder be with the sargassum powder be the commercially available prod, the crude protein content scope is respectively: 16-20%, 17-23%; The crude fat content scope is: 0.4-2%; The coarse ash content range is respectively: 14-17%, 17-20%.
Said fish oil is to meet the commercially available prod of SC/T 3504-2006 feed with the fish oil standard;
Said soybean lecithin is the commercially available prod that meets feed addictive soybean lecithin GB GB/T 23878-20092;
Described composite mineral salt is made up of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, potassium chloride, epsom salt, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, six water aluminum sulfate, white vitriol, manganese sulfate monohydrate, sodium chloride, a water sodium selenite, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, CoCL2, KI and zeolite powder, and their weight thousand marks are respectively: 275,200,50,101.7,50,0.4,20,18,80,0.05,5,3,0.4 and 196.45; Above-mentioned raw materials all is commercially available feed grade.
Described B B-complex refers to the mixture of being made up of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, prokeyvit, inositol, calcium pantothenate, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B1, cobalamin, folic acid, biotin, vitamin C condensed phosphate and inferior powder, and their weight thousand marks are respectively: 10.6,14.2,8,4,188,60,12,8,4,4,0.08,0.8,0.4,100 and 585.92; The content of each vitamin monomer is respectively in the above-mentioned raw materials: 500,000 IU/g, 500,000 IU/g, 50%, 51.5%, 98%, 98%, 98%, 80%, 98,98%, 1%, 98%, 2%, 35% all are commercially available feed grade.
Said ethoxyquinoline is the feed grade raw material, and its content range is 60-66%.
Take the present invention of above-mentioned measure,, select the high feedstuff of utilization rate to Sipunculus nudus digestive physiological characteristics of young larval phase; The various component compatibilities of processing of artificial micro-granulated feed are reasonable, and contained nutritional labeling can satisfy the young larva of the Sipunculus nudus needs of growth fast, possesses the young larva weed survival rate of the Sipunculus nudus of raising; Improve the digestibility characteristics of the young larva of Sipunculus nudus, have the nitrogen of reduction, phosphorus drainage each nutrient, good at water stability; Dissolution rate is low; Less to water pollution, the feed particle diameter adapts to the advantages such as bore of the young larva of Sipunculus nudus, has solved the not enough problem of biological feed during the Sipunculus nudus artificial breeding.The present invention is raw materials used from the horse's mouth, and steady quality is cheap, and production technology is simple; Protein content is 42-47.5%, and fat content is 6-9%.Use the present invention young larva of Sipunculus nudus (about 25000/jin of specifications) of throwing something and feeding.Every day, average survival was more than 90%, feeds from the biological feed of training and the young larva survival rate rising 20-30% of autogamy bait prawn slice and spirulina powder than experiment other workshops, base by the 5-10% of the young larva body weight the present invention 30 days that throws something and feeds; The rate of body weight gain of young larva reaches 200%-500%, is significantly higher than experiment other workshops, base and feeds from the biological feed of training and the young larva rate of body weight gain of autogamy bait prawn slice and spirulina powder.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1. prescription: 0.05 kilogram of 25 kilograms of white fish meals, 10 kilograms of shrimp meds, 6 kilograms of squid powders, 6.5 kilograms in mouse tail algae powder, 10 kilograms in sargassum powder, 22 kilograms of dregs of beans, 15.45 kilograms in flour, 3 kilograms in fish oil, 1 kilogram of soybean lecithin, 0.5 kilogram of composite mineral salt, 0.5 kilogram of B B-complex and ethoxyquinoline.
2. preparation method: above-mentioned solid feed raw material components was pulverized 250 mesh sieves; After raw material after pulverizing mixed with the method for stepwise dilution; Mix with these two kinds of liquid charging stocks of soybean lecithin fish oil again, add suitable quantity of water and mix, granulate with the twin-screw granulator then; 50 ℃ of oven dry, broken then, sieve, classification processes micro-granulated feed.
3. raising result: use the artificial micro-granulated feed of the present embodiment young larva of Sipunculus nudus (about 25000/jin of specifications) of throwing something and feeding.Every day is by the throw something and feed micro-granulated feed 30 days of the embodiment of the invention of the 5-10% of young larva body weight; Its average survival is 90%, feeds from the biological feed of training and the young larva survival rate rising 20-30% of autogamy bait (prawn slice and spirulina powder) than experiment other workshops, base; The rate of body weight gain of young larva is 200%-500%, is significantly higher than experiment other workshops, base and feeds from the biological feed of training and the young larva rate of body weight gain of autogamy bait (prawn slice and spirulina powder).
Embodiment 2
1. prescription: 0.06 kilogram of 35 kilograms of white fish meals, 6 kilograms of shrimp meds, 3 kilograms of squid powders, 6 kilograms in mouse tail algae powder, 7 kilograms in sargassum powder, 20 kilograms of dregs of beans, 18.24 kilograms in flour, 2 kilograms in fish oil, 1.5 kilograms of soybean lecithins, 0.6 kilogram of composite mineral salt, 0.6 kilogram of B B-complex and ethoxyquinoline.
2. the preparation method with embodiment 1 is identical;
3. raising result: identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
1. prescription: 0.08 kilogram of 30 kilograms of white fish meals, 8 kilograms of shrimp meds, 4.5 kilograms of squid powders, 8 kilograms in mouse tail algae powder, 8 kilograms in sargassum powder, 18 kilograms of dregs of beans, 17.82 kilograms in flour, 2 kilograms in fish oil, 2 kilograms of soybean lecithins, 0.8 kilogram of composite mineral salt, 0.8 kilogram of B B-complex and ethoxyquinoline.
2. the preparation method with embodiment 1 is identical;
3. raising result: identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (1)
1. the artificial micro-granulated feed of the young larva of Sipunculus nudus is characterized in that said feed comprises the raw material of following weight parts:
White fish meal 25-35 part, shrimp med 5-10 part, squid powder 3-6 part, mouse tail algae powder 5-10 part, sargassum powder 6-12 part, dregs of beans 15-22 part, flour 15-20 part, fish oil 1-4 part, soybean lecithin 1-3 part, composite mineral salt 0.5-1 part, B B-complex 0.5-1 part and ethoxyquinoline 0.05-0.08 part;
Said composite mineral salt is made up of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, potassium chloride, epsom salt, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, six water aluminum sulfate, white vitriol, manganese sulfate monohydrate, sodium chloride, a water sodium selenite, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, CoCL2, KI and zeolite powder, and their weight thousand marks are respectively: 275 ‰, 200 ‰, 50 ‰, 101.7 ‰, 50 ‰, 0.4 ‰, 20 ‰, 18 ‰, 80 ‰, 0.05 ‰, 5 ‰, 3 ‰, 0.4 ‰ and 196.45 ‰;
The mixture that said B B-complex is made up of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, prokeyvit, inositol, calcium pantothenate, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B1, cobalamin, folic acid, biotin, vitamin C condensed phosphate and inferior powder, their weight thousand marks are respectively: 10.6 ‰, 14.2 ‰, 8 ‰, 4 ‰, 188 ‰, 60 ‰, 12 ‰, 8 ‰, 4 ‰, 4 ‰, 0.08 ‰, 0.8 ‰, 0.4 ‰, 100 ‰ and 585.92 ‰; The content of each vitamin monomer is respectively in the above-mentioned raw materials: 500,000 IU/g, 500,000 IU/g, 50%, 51.5%, 98%, 98%, 98%, 80%, 98%, 98%, 1%, 98%, 2%, 35%;
Above-mentioned solid feed raw material components was pulverized 250 mesh sieves; After raw material after pulverizing mixed with the method for stepwise dilution; Mix with soybean lecithin and these two kinds of liquid charging stocks of fish oil again; Add suitable quantity of water and mix the back and granulate with granulator by conventional method, 40-60 ℃ of oven dry, broken then, sieve, classification processes micro-granulated feed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110129134A CN102210406B (en) | 2011-05-17 | 2011-05-17 | Artificial micro-diet for naiads and larvae of Sipunculus nudus |
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| CN102210406B true CN102210406B (en) | 2012-09-26 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102835356B (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-10-23 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | Breeding method of artificial parents of sipunculus nudus |
| CN103211124A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-07-24 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | Granular compound feed for intermediate culture of sipunculus nudus |
| CN103549186B (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-07-01 | 潍坊康科润生物科技有限公司 | Compound feed for incubation period of clam worm and preparation method thereof |
| CN105166398A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-12-23 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | Feed enhancer special for sipunculus nudus |
| CN105557577A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-05-11 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | Method for mixed breeding of Sipunculus nudus and Babylonia areolata |
| CN107927355A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-04-20 | 李六秀 | Artificial breeding feed of Sipunculus nudus and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1961714A (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2007-05-16 | 江苏天福莱饲料发展有限公司 | A feedstuff for marine lives and pre-maturation process |
| CN101194675A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2008-06-11 | 大连水产学院 | Compound feed special for greenling |
| CN101326969A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2008-12-24 | 莫凤林 | Trepang bait and preparation thereof |
| CN101589698A (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2009-12-02 | 福建省水产研究所 | The artificial raise seedling method of nude Sipunculus nudus |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1961714A (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2007-05-16 | 江苏天福莱饲料发展有限公司 | A feedstuff for marine lives and pre-maturation process |
| CN101194675A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2008-06-11 | 大连水产学院 | Compound feed special for greenling |
| CN101326969A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2008-12-24 | 莫凤林 | Trepang bait and preparation thereof |
| CN101589698A (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2009-12-02 | 福建省水产研究所 | The artificial raise seedling method of nude Sipunculus nudus |
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