CN102197770A - Cotton mulching film mini-pot bracket-free simple seedling raising method - Google Patents
Cotton mulching film mini-pot bracket-free simple seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102197770A CN102197770A CN2011101456855A CN201110145685A CN102197770A CN 102197770 A CN102197770 A CN 102197770A CN 2011101456855 A CN2011101456855 A CN 2011101456855A CN 201110145685 A CN201110145685 A CN 201110145685A CN 102197770 A CN102197770 A CN 102197770A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cotton mulching film mini-pot bracket-free simple seedling raising method. In the method, mini-pots which are 35 to 45mm in diameter and 45 to 55mm in height are used as a seedling raising pot bed, the pots are fully watered, 1 to 2 seeds are put in each pot, fine soil is placed to cover the seeds after sowing, a mulching film which is 0.012 to 0.014mm in thickness is paved on the fine soil covering the seeds, and heat and moisture are preserved so as to stimulate germination and grow seedlings; when nearly 10 percent of the seedlings are seen, a covering is put on the mulching film to prevent light, and the temperature in the mulching film is controlled to less than 36 DEG C; and when over 85 percent of the seedlings are seen, the covering put on the mulching film is removed, and the film is broken to release the seedlings one time. The method has the advantages of unnecessary brackets and high-strength plastic films and unnecessary film-lifting ventilation daily, so that the method is the seedling raising method which saves time, labor, fields and money and is highly efficient and simplified.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sowing cotton seed seedling-cultivating method, relate in particular to a kind of cotton mulch film seedling-cultivating method.
Background technology
The nutrition bowl seedling transplanting technology: traditional feeding block seedlings raising method is spring 3, the big alms bowl of 70-80mm that adopts manual manufacture April is as the pot for growing seedlings bed, water, sowing, adopt the bamboo bar to bend into support behind the blinding, make the frame greenhouse at covering high-strength common film (more than the 0.02mm) on the support, heat and moisture preserving, vernalization is emerged, after emerging, every morning takes off film and ventilates, and prevents that high temperature from burning seedling, epiphragma insulation in afternoon, prevent freeze injury, grow seedlings in this way and can early plant early sowing, ahead of time seedling-cultivating prolongs the cotton growth time, increase photosynthetic effective accumulation, thereby realize improving the target of output.The eighties in 20th century, nutrition bowl seedling transplanting is applied in the Changjiang river, the cotton region, the Huanghe valley of China widely as capturing the important cultivation step of cotton yield stable yields, obtained tangible effect of increasing production, China has a large population and a few land in order to solve, grain and cotton is striven ground contradiction, raised the multiple-cropping index, and promoting reaps a bumper harvest of grain and cotton has brought into play enormous function.Yet, along with expanding economy, the adjustment of agricultural structure, rural laborer's transfer, the price of labour power goes up significantly, and traditional nutrition bowl seedling transplanting technology shows many drawbacks and deficiency, one, single household grows seedlings, and production efficiency is low, and seedling raising process has a big risk; Its two, manually make the alms bowl seedling raising and transplanting, labour intensity is big; Its three, the management operation is loaded down with trivial details, when taking a lot of work, recruitment 7-8 of mu accounts for cotton and manages more than 1/4 of total recruitment.This high investment, high energy consumption, high-intensity planting type, incompatibility cotton industry is to the demand of modernization and large-scale development.It is low to plant cotton benefit, and it is not high that the cotton grower plants cotton enthusiasm, causes the sown areas of cotton landslide.Thereby reform existing method for culturing and transplanting seedlings, research and development utilize the seedling transplanting technique of light-duty simplification very urgent.
The mulch film direct seeding technique: the live cotton of mulch film also is one of Cotton in China cultivation method, because the effect of mulch film heat and moisture preserving, the film cotton cotton emerges soon, it is fast to grow, early send out the advantage of aspect such as precocity, have in the northern China cotton region and use more widely, but the shortcoming that film cotton also exists some to be difficult to overcome, the one, film cotton is difficult to take full stand, and the disconnected ridge phenomenon of being short of seedling is comparatively general; The 2nd, after cotton seedling is unearthed, if untimely rupture of membranes easily causes scald; The 3rd, film cotton is subjected to climatic effect big, is difficult to sowing during arid, delays farming season; So this technology is less in the utilization of cotton region, China Yangtze river basin.Secondly, mulch film remains in environmental pollution weight in the soil, influences the growth of mechanical cultivation and cotton root system.
Other seedling-cultivating method: in order to overcome the deficiency of traditional nutrition bowl seedling transplanting technology, the domestic cotton scientific worker has paid painstaking efforts for seeking light simple seedling-cultivating method in recent years, exploratory development multiple light simple seedling-cultivating method, mainly containing of domestic report is following several, the substrate seedling non-soil replanting is arranged, have water to float and grow seedlings, have reed pipe to grow seedlings, the disjunctor branch transplantation of seedlings (being that grid is grown seedlings) etc. of growing seedlings is arranged, and these technology remain in certain defective and risk.The subject matter of above-mentioned substrate seedling is that cotton seedling soilless-cultivated seedling transplanting survival rate is difficult to guarantee, and seedling-slowing stage is long, and the large-area applications risk is bigger.Other seedling-cultivating method still is in the test exploratory stage, fails large scale application.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the little alms bowl zero branch of a kind of cotton mulch film frame and simplify seedling-cultivating method, to solve the above-mentioned defective that exists in the prior art.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The little alms bowl zero branch of a kind of cotton mulch film frame is simplified seedling-cultivating method, it is characterized in that, adopt diameter 35～45mm, the height 45～55mm little alms bowl as the pot for growing seedlings bed, water sufficient moisture content after, every alms bowl is broadcast seed 1-2 grain, after planting sprinkle and cover the seed fine earth, be that the mulch film of 0.012-0.014mm is tiled in and covers on the seed fine earth with thickness then, heat and moisture preserving, vernalization is emerged; When seeing seedling 10% left and right sides, in the shading of mulch film surface coverage overcover, the control temperature in the shed is in 36 ℃; Emerging reaches 85% when above, removes mulch film shaded surface thing, and disposable rupture of membranes is put seedling.
The described lid seed fine earth degree of depth is preferably 2-3cm;
Preferred sunshade net of described cover from sun or mollugo;
Preferably stable by 14 ℃ when the ground temperature at upper soll layer 5cm place, when daily mean temperature is stablized by 15 ℃, grow seedlings;
After rupture of membranes is put seedling, when cotton seedling true leaf reaches 1 leaf, 1 heart, begin to transplant, transplant before 2 leaves, 1 heart and finish.
Described mulch film adopts the polyethylene material, and for example Weifang, Shandong is with the thickness 0.014mm of Ford's plastics Co., Ltd production, the product of width 1000mm.
Because this method has adopted the little alms bowl zero branch of cotton mulch film frame to simplify and has grown seedlings, the one, labour intensity alleviates greatly, and little alms bowl diameter only has 35～45mm, and 45～55mm is highly only arranged, single alms bowl weighs only 100-120g, and original big alms bowl diameter 70-80mm, height 120-130mm, the heavy 550-600 gram of single alms bowl, the weight of little alms bowl only have original five minutes this, labour intensity alleviates greatly, and little alms bowl can with machine for making pots directly compacting form, save the recruitment of a large amount of system alms bowl; The 2nd, seedling cost significantly reduces, and little alms bowl ground film thickness that adopts of growing seedlings only has 0.012-0.014mm, and does not need support, cost per mu 3-4 unit, and traditional frame feeding block seedlings raising, the film thickness of employing is more than 0.02mm, also will pay timbering cost usefulness, cost per mu needs more than 50 yuan; The 3rd, the management operation simplifies greatly, adopted the method for directly putting seedling after emerging because the little alms bowl zero branch of mulch film frame is grown seedlings, the risk that does not exist high temperature to burn seedling after emerging has been removed frame every morning of growing seedlings from and has been taken off film and ventilate, the loaded down with trivial details management operation of epiphragma insulation in evening, labor productivity improves greatly; The 4th, increase production and improve productivity obviously, adopt this method to grow seedlings, output of cotton is than the volume increase of open field live broadcast cotton more than 10%, and is close with the frame output of growing seedlings.But recruitment and cost reduce greatly owing to grow seedlings, and every mu of pure benefit is grown seedlings than frame and improved 250-300 unit.
Therefore, adopt this method to grow seedlings and need not support and high strength plastic film, do not need every day and take off film to ventilate, and seedling-slowing stage is short after the cotton transplantation of seedlings, a growth of living is fast, be a saving of labor, laborsaving, economize ground, economize this, the efficient seedling-cultivating method of simplifying.
Embodiment
The invention will be further elaborated below by embodiment, to describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail.
Embodiment
The little alms bowl zero branch of a kind of cotton mulch film frame is simplified seedling-cultivating method, during spring 4, May, when the ground temperature at upper soll layer 5cm place is stablized by 14 ℃, when daily mean temperature is stablized by 15 ℃, adopt diameter 40mm, little alms bowl of height 50mm is as the pot for growing seedlings bed, water sufficient moisture content after, every alms bowl is broadcast strong seed 1-2 grain, after planting sprinkle and cover the seed fine earth, the blinding degree of depth is 2-3cm, is that the mulch film of 0.012-0.014mm is tiled in and covers on the seed soil with thickness then, heat and moisture preserving, vernalization is emerged.When seeing seedling 10% left and right sides, in the shading of mulch film surface coverage sunshade net, the control temperature in the shed is in 36 ℃, in case high temperature burns seedling.Qi Miaohou (emerge and reach more than 85%) removes mulch film shaded surface thing, and disposable rupture of membranes is put seedling.When cotton seedling true leaf reaches 1 leaf, 1 heart, begin to transplant, transplant before 2 leaves, 1 heart and finish.
Adopt this method to grow seedlings and need not support and high strength plastic film, do not need every day and take off film to ventilate, and seedling-slowing stage is short after the cotton transplantation of seedlings, a growth of living is fast, be a saving of labor, laborsaving, economize ground, economize this, the efficient seedling-cultivating method of simplifying.
The little alms bowl zero branch of cotton mulch film of the present invention frame is simplified seedling-cultivating method and has been concentrated the advantage of traditional nutrition bowl seedling transplanting and the live cotton of mulch film, can realize that feeding block seedlings raising early sowing early plants, one broadcasts the purpose of full stand, can realize that again film cotton heats fast length, makes full use of the effect of local photo-thermal water temperature resource.Realized grow seedlings organic unity with cultivating superior high-yield of cotton early sowing, for new approach has been opened up in the cultivation of Cotton in China kipeming high yield.According to surveying and determination: in spring 4, May, plastic mulching upper soll layer temperature in the shed is generally between 20-38 ℃, than the unlapped high 12-14 of open country ℃, after adopting the sunshade net to cover, temperature in the shed reduces 3-4 ℃, can guarantee that temperature in the shed is no more than 36 ℃ between nursery stage, guarantees cotton seedling growth safety.
The plastic mulching cotton emerged 3-4 days than open field live broadcast cotton is early, and emergence rate is higher more than 20% than open country, adopts this technology seeding and seedling raising, and output of cotton is increased production more than 10% than open field live broadcast cotton, and is close with traditional nutrition bowl seedling transplanting output.But recruitment is saved 5-6/mu, the 250-300 unit/mu of increasing economic efficiency than traditional nutrition bowl seedling transplanting.This technology has been saved a large amount of seedling raising and transplanting recruitments, has promoted rural laborer's transfer.The saving land used of growing seedlings increases the preceding crop sowing area, and economic results in society are remarkable.
The present invention is applicable to that live cotton field is short of seedling and fills the gaps with seedlings, is specially adapted to the Changjiang river, seedling raising and transplanting area, the Huanghe valley.Other crop also can be consulted and used.
Claims (5)
1. the little alms bowl zero branch of a cotton mulch film frame is simplified seedling-cultivating method, it is characterized in that, adopt diameter 35～45mm, the height 45～55mm little alms bowl as the pot for growing seedlings bed, water sufficient moisture content after, every alms bowl is broadcast seed 1-2 grain, after planting sprinkle and cover the seed fine earth, with thickness is that the mulch film of 0.012-0.014mm is tiled in and covers on the seed fine earth, heat and moisture preserving, and vernalization is emerged; When seeing seedling 10% left and right sides, in the shading of mulch film surface coverage overcover, the control temperature in the shed is in 36 ℃; Emerging reaches 85% when above, removes mulch film shaded surface thing, and disposable rupture of membranes is put seedling.
2. seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described lid seed fine earth degree of depth is preferably 2-3cm.
3. seedling-cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, preferred sunshade net of described cover from sun or mollugo.
4. according to each described seedling-cultivating method of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, stable when the ground temperature at upper soll layer 5cm place by 14 ℃, when daily mean temperature is stablized by 15 ℃, grow seedlings.
5. seedling-cultivating method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, after rupture of membranes is put seedling, begins to transplant when cotton seedling true leaf reaches 1 leaf, 1 heart, transplants before 2 leaves, 1 heart and finishes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101456855A CN102197770A (en) | 2011-05-31 | 2011-05-31 | Cotton mulching film mini-pot bracket-free simple seedling raising method |
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| CN2011101456855A CN102197770A (en) | 2011-05-31 | 2011-05-31 | Cotton mulching film mini-pot bracket-free simple seedling raising method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103947447A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 张治国 | Cotton seedling cultivation method |
| CN105123161A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-12-09 | 云南曼沙农业科技发展有限公司 | Plantation technique for cotton protected areas with low-latitude plateau climate |
| CN109601314A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-12 | 山东棉花研究中心 | A kind of shade method controlling cotton leaf branch growth |
-
2011
- 2011-05-31 CN CN2011101456855A patent/CN102197770A/en active Pending
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103947447A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 张治国 | Cotton seedling cultivation method |
| CN105123161A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-12-09 | 云南曼沙农业科技发展有限公司 | Plantation technique for cotton protected areas with low-latitude plateau climate |
| CN105123161B (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2018-09-25 | 东阳市特意新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of low latitude plateau weather cotton Greenhouse method |
| CN109601314A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-12 | 山东棉花研究中心 | A kind of shade method controlling cotton leaf branch growth |
| CN109601314B (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2021-07-06 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Shading method for controlling growth of cotton leaf branches |
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Inventor after: Chen Jianping Inventor after: Bian Tongyang Inventor after: Shi Qinghua Inventor after: Zhang E Inventor after: Wang Haiyang Inventor after: Cai Liwang Inventor after: Qi Yongkui Inventor before: Chen Jianping Inventor before: Zhang E Inventor before: Wang Haiyang Inventor before: Cai Liwang Inventor before: Shi Qinghua Inventor before: Qi Yongkui |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: CHEN JIANPING ZHANG E WANG HAIYANG CAI LIWANG SHI QINGHUA QI YONGKUI TO: CHEN JIANPING BIAN TONGYANG SHI QINGHUA ZHANG E WANG HAIYANG CAI LIWANG QI YONGKUI |
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Application publication date: 20110928 |