CN102191382B - 一种从废手机电池中分步回收钴、铝、铜的方法 - Google Patents

一种从废手机电池中分步回收钴、铝、铜的方法 Download PDF

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CN102191382B
CN102191382B CN201010128692XA CN201010128692A CN102191382B CN 102191382 B CN102191382 B CN 102191382B CN 201010128692X A CN201010128692X A CN 201010128692XA CN 201010128692 A CN201010128692 A CN 201010128692A CN 102191382 B CN102191382 B CN 102191382B
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CN102191382A (zh
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王海军
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Nantong Beixinneng Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种从废手机电池中分步回收钴、铝、铜的方法，该方法工艺简单，可靠不必投资新设备，照样达到较满意的效果。本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：步骤1：硫酸溶解铝；步骤2：还原浸出高价钴；步骤3：氧化浸出铜；步骤4：化学沉淀法分离铝、钴。

Description

一种从废手机电池中分步回收钴、铝、铜的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种从废手机电池中分步回收钴、铝、铜的方法，特别适用于以高价钴盐做填充料，铝箔和铜箔做导电极的手机电池。
背景技术
以钴、铝、铜为三个主要成分的手机电池，一般的回收其中金属的方法是先破碎后，用酸溶液或溶液，再进行回收。由于铝和铜的水解沉淀pH值很接近，用化学沉淀法进行铝、铜分离相当困难。采用其他方法，可以分离的很好，例如：萃取分离铝、铜，效果就非常好。但由于萃取投资大，而且铝、铜价值低，且又做为副产品加以回收，一般情况下，只回收钴；铝和铜就以混合渣形态，低价出售，企业效益受到影响。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是针对上述技术存在的缺点和问题，为了克服化学沉淀法分离铝，铜的技术不足，本发明提供一种以废手机电池中分步回收钴、铝、铜的方法，该方法工艺简单，可靠不必投资新设备，照样达到较满意的效果。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
步骤1：硫酸溶解铝；
步骤2：还原浸出高价钴；
步骤3：氧化浸出铜；
步骤4：化学沉淀法分离铝、钴。
其特征在于：
加洗渣水和工业硫酸；开搅拌后，缓慢地投料(会强烈发热)；投料完，用pH试纸检测，再调整酸度；若温度下降后，用蒸汽加热；溶解过程中，不断加H2SO4调整至pH值不变化为止；缓慢地加入亚硫酸钠，并适时调整溶液酸度；加光亚硫酸钠后1小时，取样槽前检测，不合格再补充亚硫酸钠；Co浸出后，过滤，分离出铜箔与塑料纸；Co液加稀碱液中和到pH＝4.5-4.8，进行钴铝分离；铜箔与塑料纸加盐酸，在鼓风下溶解铜，过滤后加稀碱水调pH＝5.0-5.4，压滤进行Cu与Co的分离；所有沉渣的渣用酸洗和水洗，充分回收。
本发明的有益效果：该方法工艺简单可靠不必投资新设备。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明：
实施例：
以10M3溶解槽，投料1000kg为例：
1.加洗渣水3000L；
2.加工业硫酸700-800L；
3.开搅拌后，缓慢地投料(会强烈发热)；
4.投料完，用pH试纸检测，再调整酸度；
5.若温度下降后，用蒸汽加热；
6.溶解过程中，不断加H2SO4调整至pH值不变化为止；
7.缓慢地加入亚硫酸钠约100kg，并适时调整溶液酸度；
8.加光亚硫酸钠后1小时，取样槽前检测，不合格再补充亚硫酸钠；
9.Co浸出后，过滤，分离出铜箔与塑料纸；
10.Co液加稀碱液中和到pH＝4.5-4.8，进行钴铝分离；
11.铜箔与塑料纸加盐酸，在鼓风下溶解铜，过滤后加稀碱水调pH＝5.0-5.4，压滤进行Cu与Co的分离；
所有沉渣的渣用酸洗和水洗，充分回收。
12、破碎后的废电池加硫酸溶解，其化学反应式：
a.2AL+4H2SO4＝＝AL2(SO4)3+SO2↑+2H2O+2H2↑
b.C0O+H2SO4＝＝C0SO4+H2O
c.SO2+H2O→H2SO3    C03O4→C02O3.C0O
d.C02O3+H2SO3+H2SO4＝＝2 C0SO4+2H2O
13、加亚硫酸钠还原浸出高价钴，其化学反应式：
Co2O3+Na2SO3+2H2SO4＝＝2CoSO4+Na2SO4+2H2O
14、压滤，固液分离：达到铜与铝、铝的分离。
15、滤液用碱调整pH值，达到钴与铝的分离。
16、滤渣(铜)加盐酸浸出，其化学反应式：
2Cu+4HCl+O2＝＝2CuCl2+2H2O
Co2O3+6HCl＝＝2CoCl2+Cl2+3H2O
Co2O3有可能未溶解完，故设计用HCl，为充分回收Co
17、铜液用碱调pH值，达到钴，铜分离，其化学反应式：
CuCl2+2NaOH+2H2O＝＝Cu(OH)2↓+2NaCl
18、铝渣和铜渣分别酸洗，使钴、铜、铝达到最好的分离。

Claims (1)

1.一种从废手机电池中分步回收钴、铝、铜的方法，包括以下的步骤：
硫酸溶解铝、还原浸出高价钴、氧化浸出铜和化学沉淀法分离铝、钴，
其特征在于：加洗渣水和工业硫酸；开搅拌后，缓慢地投料；投料完，用pH试纸检测，再调整酸度；若温度下降后，用蒸汽加热；溶解过程中，不断加H2SO4调整至pH值不变化为止；缓慢地加入亚硫酸钠，并适时调整溶液酸度；加光亚硫酸钠后1小时，取样槽前检测，不合格再补充亚硫酸钠；Co浸出后，过滤，分离出铜箔与塑料纸；Co液加稀碱液中和到pH＝4.5～4.8，进行钴铝分离；铜箔与塑料纸加盐酸，在鼓风下溶解铜，过滤后加稀碱水调pH＝5.0～5.4，压滤进行Cu与Co的分离；所有沉渣的渣用酸洗和水洗，充分回收。
CN201010128692XA 2010-03-19 2010-03-19 一种从废手机电池中分步回收钴、铝、铜的方法 Withdrawn - After Issue CN102191382B (zh)

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CN1438729A (zh) * 2003-03-14 2003-08-27 华南师范大学 废旧手机电池综合回收处理工艺

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