CN102186327A - 在集成的微孔吸收器和转子之间采用耦合优化的安静的系统冷却 - Google Patents
在集成的微孔吸收器和转子之间采用耦合优化的安静的系统冷却 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明的名称为在集成的微孔吸收器和转子之间采用耦合优化的安静的系统冷却，微孔吸收器结构可以进行调谐以衰减在冷却风扇的叶片通过频率(BPF)的噪声。该吸收器可包括被微孔开口覆盖的面板，在面板下方具有气隙。气隙的大小可以动态地调整以优化以不同速度操作的风扇的噪声衰减。
Description
技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及更安静的冷却系统，更具体地，涉及用于计算设备之类的风扇冷却的声音吸收。
背景技术
电子元件在使用过程中往往会生成不希望的热量，应当从设备疏导这些热量以进行正确操作。经常采用散热器来对设备进行散热。经常也使用风扇来更有效地从设备移除热量，以使它保持冷却并在适当的温度操作。
向超薄笔记本电脑和高密度刀片服务器(blade server)发展的趋势可使得借助常规气流冷却来提供充足冷却变得更加困难，这归因于空间的限制。从而，可使用以更高的速度运转的更小的风扇来移动更多空气；然而，这往往会造成更多的噪音。
给定最终用户偏好、环保标签和新兴的政府采购指示，低噪音(acoustic noise)是重要的。声音吸收器的使用可允许在相同的噪声(noise)级有增加的气流，但是在超薄系统中没有空间用于诸如泡沫等传统的、庞大的声音吸收器。
诸如泡沫等吸收材料可被使用，但是它们体积太过庞大，并且不适于超薄形状因子。另外，开孔泡沫导致系统中的气流损失。最后，这些材料相对昂贵并且难于集成。因此，在大多数电子设备中通常不使用声音吸收器。径向吹风机和横流式吹风机是可用的，但是它们没有经过优化，并且不包含集成的噪声控制解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的第一方面在于一种装置，包括：吹风机外壳；在所述吹风机外壳中的冷却风扇；至少覆盖所述吹风机外壳的一部分的微孔面板；以及在所述微孔面板下方的气隙。
本发明的第二方面在于一种方法，包括：提供吹风机外壳；在所述外壳内提供冷却风扇；提供至少覆盖所述吹风机外壳的一部分的微孔面板；在所述微孔面板下方提供气隙。
本发明的第三方面在于一种用于冷却薄形状因子计算设备的系统，包括：在所述计算设备中的包括吹风机外壳的吹风机；在所述吹风机外壳中的冷却风扇；至少覆盖所述吹风机外壳的一部分的微孔面板；以及在所述微孔面板下方的气隙。
附图说明
在结合附图阅读以下对布置和示例性实施例的详细描述以及权利要求书时，本发明的前述和更好的理解可变得显而易见，其中所有附图形成本发明的公开的一部分。尽管前述和以下书面的以及图示的公开集中于公开本发明的布置和示例性实施例，但应清楚地理解，它们只是图示和举例，本发明并不限于此。
图1A是可用于例如冷却薄形状因子计算设备的说明性吹风机的框图；
图1B是根据本发明一个实施例的吹风机的框图，该吹风机具有包括微孔面板的顶盖；
图1C是沿图1B中的线A-A’所取的吹风机的横截面视图；
图2是根据一个实施例用于比较32mm泡沫吸收器相对于1.25mm微孔面板的声音吸收特性的曲线图；
图3是示出通过横流式吹风机的气流的图；
图4A和4B分别是具有20个叶片和27个叶片的风扇叶片转子；
图5是示出对于20叶片转子和27叶片转子的压力相对于流率的曲线图；
图6是示出横流式吹风机的噪声频谱的曲线图；以及
图7是示出根据一个实施例对于带微孔面板吸收器操作的吹风机在各种频率的噪声减少的曲线图。
具体实施方式
描述了集成的微孔吸收器结构，这些结构可以进行调谐以衰减在冷却风扇的叶片通过频率(blade pass frequency，BPF)的噪声。因此，该吸收器的厚度可以是常规的泡沫型吸收器的25分之一。使用此方法，设计和集成了1.25mm薄吸收器，它吸收超过65％的声能。常规的泡沫吸收器必须是32mm厚才能获得此吸收级。微孔吸收器的极薄设计允许递送多大约10％的冷却和6dB的噪声减少，或者在相同的噪音级递送多25％的气流。这使得对于超薄笔记本电脑和刀片服务器平台能够满足即将到来的严格的噪音指示以及15％到25％的(加速模式/系统(turbo mode/system))功率增加。
本说明书通篇提到“一个实施例”或“实施例”时表示，结合该实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性包含在本发明的至少一个实施例中。因此，在本说明书中各个地方出现短语“在一个实施例中”或“在实施例中”时不一定都指相同的实施例。此外，这些特定特征、结构或特性可以在一个或多个实施例中以任何适当的方式进行组合。
现在参照图1A，示出可用于例如冷却薄形状因子计算设备的吹风机。该吹风机可以包括吹风机外壳100和风扇102。这当然是不按比例的简化的图，也可以存在风扇电动机、通风口、热管和在吹风机中常见的任何其他物品，但图中没有示出。根据本发明的一个实施例，如图1B中所示，可以使用微孔结构来减少与吹风机相关联的噪声。在此例子中，微孔吹风机盖子104代替了传统的吹风机盖子。微孔结构可以由例如以空气层为背衬的(backed by an air layer)穿孔金属板、塑料或者薄膜制成。该材料包括在大小和密度上可变化的多个孔或穿孔。
图1C示出沿图1B中的线A-A’所取的横截面视图，其中示出吹风机外壳100、风扇102和微孔盖子104。微孔结构盖子104可以薄空气层106为背衬。空气层106的大小可以固定，或者可以通过致动器108动态地改变以调谐微孔盖子104的声学特性。例如，可以使用一个或多个致动器108来提升和降低盖子104以改变气隙106的大小，从而动态地调整盖子的声学特性以优化噪声减少。致动器可以是例如压电致动器108，压电致动器108如箭头110所示上下移动盖子。
微孔面板吸收器或盖子104包括以薄空气层106为背衬的具有微穿孔的薄板，并且可以使用标准材料和大容量制造(HVM)工艺来制造。吸收器的特性(例如，孔径、孔密度、板厚度和空气层厚度)决定了吸收性能。声学吸收曲线通常显示在特定频率范围内的峰值，并且此峰值的位置和宽度可以利用这些参数进行控制。这可以在被动意义(passive sense)上来进行，例如静态机械设计，但是如前面所提到的更复杂的解决方案也是可能的，其中如果发生了大的风扇速度变化，那么动态地调整空气层106以变动(shift)声音吸收。这允许使吸收器解决方案适于吸收由风扇或其他噪声源生成的噪声。
新颖的微孔面板吸收器104允许其厚度比现有的泡沫型解决方案的厚度的25分之一更薄的超薄设计。因此，它可集成到吹风机、轴流风扇、笔记本电脑、CE设备、桌上型电脑、服务器或移动互联网设备中。它也不需要新材料，并且与例如开孔泡沫相比，不会对气流具有负面影响，原因在于孔径是如此小。
图2示出用于比较泡沫吸收器与本发明的微孔吸收器的曲线图。值“0”表示没有吸收能量，而值“1”表示吸收了所有能量。该曲线图示出与32mm厚的开孔泡沫材料的比较。结果显示，与32mm厚的泡沫相比，微孔面板吸收器具有大约相同的吸收，但是却只有1.25mm厚。通过调整孔径、孔密度、板厚度和空气层厚度的值，可以控制出现最大吸收时的峰值和此峰值的宽度。因此，微孔面板吸收器允许可集成到吹风机或者笔记本电脑中的超薄设计。
参照图3，本发明的实施例也包括优化风扇设计以与微孔吸收器结合使用。当前和将来的笔记本电脑冷却解决方案使用常规的径向吹风机或横流式吹风机来将气流递送给系统。如图所示，径向的横流式吹风机301具有穿过顶部和/或底部的空气入口300以及在侧面的空气出口。在吹风机的中央，叶片转子302旋转以抽取入口300中的空气并将它推送到出口304外。横流式吹风机301使用侧进侧出(side-inside-out)的概念，它特别适于超薄形状因子，其中只有非常小的空间用于常规吹风机所需的顶部或底部空隙。本发明的实施例公开一种优化的集成式设计，它包括与使用微孔面板吸收器的集成式噪声控制解决方案相耦合的优化转子设计。
数值模拟和实验表明，对于给定的转子，存在最佳叶片数量。例如，图4A示出20叶片转子，而图4B示出27叶片转子。图5是示出20叶片转子和27叶片转子的空气压力相对于流率的曲线图。叶片通过频率由风扇的旋转速度和叶片的数量确定。优化转子叶片数量可以导致气流增加大约10％。风扇旋转将导致在叶片通过频率和更高次谐波包含不同峰值的噪音频谱。这通过比较横流式吹风机的标准20叶片转子与27叶片转子而在实验上得到证实。模拟显示，这些类型的转子的最佳叶片数量是大约25。
图6是示出横流式吹风机的风扇噪声频谱的曲线图。大多数噪声发生所在的叶片通过频率由风扇的旋转速度RPM和叶片数量N确定：
fBPF＝(RPM＊N)/60
现在设计和集成了微孔面板吸收器设计以正好在主叶片通过频率操作。
这样的集成的示例如前面论述的图1B和1C中所示，其中吹风机的顶盖由以空气层为背衬的微穿孔面板代替。实验上测量了此样本的噪声减少性能。结果在图7中给出，图7示出在不同频率的各种噪声减少。该曲线图显示，在针对其设计吸收器的1/3倍频带(1/3octavebands)中具有高达6dB的非常明显的吸收。令人感兴趣的，它在此频率的二次谐波处也提供了明显的噪声减少。该吸收器也可集成到吹风机或系统的侧壁中以允许可能的最薄系统。
集成和调谐的微孔吸收器的应用并不限于冷却风扇。其他应用包括通过使用具有分离空气层的穿孔翅片(perforated fins)作为微孔吸收器而集成到底盘(chassis)、罩壳(casing)或外罩(enclosure)设计、热交换器设计中。并且，可以使用主动概念(active concept)，其中通过使用致动器机构来自动调整空气层厚度。转子速度和噪音级可以被感测并且可供系统使用以允许这样的主动吸收器设计。
包括摘要中所描述的内容在内的以上对本发明的所示实施例的描述不是要穷举性的或者将本发明局限于所公开的精确形式。虽然本文出于说明的目的描述了本发明的具体实施例和示例，但是相关领域技术人员将意识到，在本发明范围内的各种等效的修改都是可能的。
可依照以上详细描述对本发明做出这些修改。在随附权利要求中所使用的术语不应解释为是将本发明局限于在说明书和权利要求中所公开的具体实施例。而是，本发明的范围要完全由随附权利要求来确定，权利要求将依照权利要求解释的确立教条来进行解释。
Claims (20)
1.一种装置，包括：
吹风机外壳；
在所述吹风机外壳中的冷却风扇；
至少覆盖所述吹风机外壳的一部分的微孔面板；以及
在所述微孔面板下方的气隙。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，还包括：
致动器，用于动态地调整在所述微孔面板下方的所述气隙的大小。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述冷却风扇还包括：
具有与之相关联的带通频率的最佳数量的叶片；以及
其中基于所述带通频率选择所述微孔面板特性。
4.如权利要求3所述的装置，其中所述微孔面板特性包括所述微孔面板的厚度、孔径、孔密度和气隙大小。
5.如权利要求2所述的装置，其中所述致动器包括压电致动器。
6.如权利要求3所述的装置，其中所述最佳叶片数量介于20和27之间。
7.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述最佳叶片数量是25。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述微孔面板包括所述吹风机外壳的顶盖。
9.一种方法，包括：
提供吹风机外壳；
在所述外壳内提供冷却风扇；
提供至少覆盖所述吹风机外壳的一部分的微孔面板；
在所述微孔面板下方提供气隙。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，还包括：
当所述风扇以不同速度操作时，动态地调整所述气隙的大小以使声音衰减最大化。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中利用致动器来动态地调整所述气隙。
12.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述致动器包括压电致动器。
13.如权利要求9所述的方法，还包括：
确定所述风扇的最佳叶片数量和相关联的带通频率；以及
基于所述带通频率选择所述微孔面板特性。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，其中所述最佳叶片数量是25。
15.如权利要求13所述的方法，其中所述微孔面板特性包括所述微孔面板的厚度、孔径、孔密度和气隙大小。
16.一种用于冷却薄形状因子计算设备的系统，包括：
在所述计算设备中的包括吹风机外壳的吹风机；
在所述吹风机外壳中的冷却风扇；
至少覆盖所述吹风机外壳的一部分的微孔面板；以及
在所述微孔面板下方的气隙。
17.如权利要求16所述的系统，还包括：
致动器，用于动态地调整在所述微孔面板下方的所述气隙的大小。
18.如权利要求16所述的系统，其中所述冷却风扇还包括：
具有与之相关联的带通频率的最佳数量的叶片；以及
其中基于所述带通频率选择所述微孔面板特性。
19.如权利要求17所述的系统，其中所述致动器包括压电致动器。
20.如权利要求17所述的系统，其中所述微孔面板包括所述吹风机外壳的顶盖。
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| US12/650,997 US9170616B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Quiet system cooling using coupled optimization between integrated micro porous absorbers and rotors |
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- 2010-12-22 DE DE102010063918A patent/DE102010063918A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-12-23 GB GB1022022.6A patent/GB2476726B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-12-25 CN CN201010625141.4A patent/CN102186327B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108604111A (zh) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-09-28 | 雷蛇(亚太)私人有限公司 | 网格组件、计算系统及制造网格组件的方法 |
| CN108604111B (zh) * | 2015-12-22 | 2021-11-12 | 雷蛇(亚太)私人有限公司 | 网格组件、计算系统及制造网格组件的方法 |
| US11211041B2 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2021-12-28 | Razer (Asia-Pacific) Pte. Ltd. | Mesh assemblies, computing systems, and methods for manufacturing a mesh assembly |
| CN108260912A (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 佛山市建准电子有限公司 | 吹风机及其吸音装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102010063918A1 (de) | 2011-09-01 |
| US9170616B2 (en) | 2015-10-27 |
| GB2476726B (en) | 2012-09-26 |
| GB201022022D0 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
| TW201144996A (en) | 2011-12-16 |
| TWI480721B (zh) | 2015-04-11 |
| GB2476726A (en) | 2011-07-06 |
| US20110159797A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
| CN102186327B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
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