CN102171744B - 焊接仿真器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明的实施方案涉及计算机程序产品以及基于处理器的计算系统,所述基于处理器的计算系统提供用于执行编码指令的处理装置和用于与所述处理装置进行交互以创建虚拟焊接环境的输入装置。所述系统建立改变虚拟物件的功能或工作状态的目标,并且引导终端用户进行至少一个虚拟焊接操作,以改变所述虚拟物件的功能状态。所述系统在焊接和其他技术的基础原理方面训练新用户和缺乏经验的焊接人员。
Description
本发明专利申请要求2008年8月21日递交的题为“焊接仿真器(WeldingSimulator)”的美国临时专利申请序列号No.61/090,794的优先权,所述专利申请通过引用被整体并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于将潜在的新的工作者引入焊接领域的方法和系统,并且更具体地,涉及计算机生成的仿真焊接过程的虚拟环境,并且还更具体地,涉及在执行编码指令的基于处理器的计算设备上进行的游戏、套件(kit)和用于基于处理器的计算设备的输入设备,以及用于使用基于处理器的计算设备训练焊接活动的方法。
背景技术
在近几十年里,焊接已经成为加工和建造各种产品的主要工艺。焊接的应用分布广泛并且遍及世界被使用,列举几例来说,用于船、建筑物、桥梁、车辆和管道的建造。许多焊接任务可以是自动化的,减少了对熟练劳工的需求。然而,自动化的焊接应用必须由知识渊博的焊接人员来设置和管理。其他焊接应用不被限制到工厂场地。包括建造管道或建筑物的应用在现场被焊接并且要求经验丰富的焊接人员的机动性(mobility)。因此,存在对于能够适应焊接工艺的挑战的受过训练的人员的不断发展的需求。
尽管世界许多地区减少了制造业,对于熟练焊接人员的需求仍是高的。在美国,焊接专业人员的平均年龄不断增加,其中许多人接近退休年龄。在未来十年,由于工作者从焊接行业退休,可用的经验丰富的焊接人员的数量预期将显著下降。现今,许多加入劳动力行列的年轻人正选择高等教育多过行业技能,并且尽管工作条件良好,加入各行业的那些工作者中的许多人被劝止从事焊接工作。计划和组织促进S.T.E.M(科学技术工程数学(ScienceTechnologyEngineeringMath))和S.T.E(科学和技术/工程(ScienceandTechnology/Engineering))教育在重新唤起(revitalizing)人们对相关领域技术的兴趣方面是有价值的。
发明内容
本发明的实施方案涉及计算机程序产品和基于处理器的计算系统,所述基于处理器的计算系统提供用于执行编码指令的处理装置和用于与所述处理装置交互以创建虚拟焊接环境的输入装置。所述系统建立改变虚拟物件的功能或工作状态的目标,并且引导终端用户进行至少一个虚拟焊接操作,以改变虚拟物件的功能状态。在以下的说明书、权利要求书和附图中举例说明本发明的其他非限制性的实施方案、优点和特征。
附图简要说明
图1是根据本发明实施方案的仿真设备和终端用户的立体图。
图2是根据本发明实施方案的描绘虚拟环境的仿真设备的放大的立体图。
图3是根据本发明实施方案的示出虚拟物件的虚拟环境的图像。
图4是根据本发明实施方案的示出虚拟物件和用户界面画面(userinterfacescreen)的虚拟环境的图像。
图5是根据本发明实施方案的示出用户界面画面的虚拟环境的图像。
图6是描述在执行编码指令的基于处理器的计算设备上进行的游戏方法的框图。
图7是描述用于训练焊接活动的方法的框图。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图,其中示出的内容仅仅是出于图示说明本发明的实施方案的目的,而不是出于限制本发明的目的。图1和2示出仿真器或仿真设备(一般被描述为10)。仿真设备10生成仿真三维场景(setting)的虚拟环境9,所述三维场景可以是使用一种或更多种加工工艺的工业或商业场景。虚拟环境9可以被描绘在成像设备22上,以被终端用户11观看。具体地,仿真设备10可以描绘便利终端用户11和一个或更多个虚拟物件16之间的交互的虚拟环境9。当被终端用户11操纵时,感测活动的输入设备13可以被包括。来自输入设备13的数据可以被传送至仿真设备10,并且被用于实时地或接近实时地与虚拟环境9一起操控(maneuver)对象。在一个实施方案中,仿真设备10的作用是生成可以根据以相似方式生成的虚拟工具26而动作的一个或更多个虚拟物件16。由此可见,当终端用户11在真实世界中操控输入设备13时,在虚拟环境9中可以采用虚拟工具26。
仿真设备10可以生成具有效仿(resemble)特定加工或建造过程的部件的虚拟物件16的虚拟环境9。在一个实施方案中,虚拟环境9可以包括描述通过焊接工艺装配到一起的一个或更多个物件的焊接环境9a。因此,虚拟工具26可以包括焊接器32和焊炬34。以这种方式,仿真设备10显示通过由终端用户11以交互的方式控制的虚拟焊接器32被焊接到一起的虚拟物件16。仿真设备10可以被当作是训练平台,用于使人们知悉特定加工工艺,或者可以被当作是为达到规定目标而进行的游戏,两者都将在后续段落中被进一步讨论。特别要注意,尽管本发明的实施方案在虚拟焊接环境9a的上下文和一个或更多个焊接工艺中被描述,本领域技术人员将理解本发明在其他工业或商业过程中的应用。
继续参照图1,仿真设备10可以由电子硬件构成,包括可操作来运行(即,执行)计算机程序产品的基于处理器的计算设备24。在一个实施方案中,基于处理器的计算设备24包括任何不同配置的微型计算机,包括但不限于:便携式计算机、台式计算机、工作站、服务器等等。可替换地,基于处理器的计算设备24包括游戏系统,如由 或制造的游戏系统。以这种方式,基于处理器的计算设备24可以是由终端用户11购买可容易获得的商业上可获得的系统。基于处理器的计算设备24可以包括一个或更多个基于逻辑处理器的系统25或逻辑处理器25,例如可编程微处理器,然而任何类型的逻辑处理器25都可以被使用在仿真设备10中而不背离本发明实施方案意图覆盖的范围。基于处理器的计算设备24还可以包括支持电路以及其他外围支持电路,所述支持电路包括电子存储器(例如RAM或ROM),所述其他外围支持电路便利逻辑处理器(一个或更多个)25的操作。因此,基于处理器的计算设备24可以包括数据储存器,所述数据储存器的实施例包括硬盘驱动器、光学储存设备和/或闪存,用于以本领域公知的方式进行数据的储存和检索。从而,基于处理器的计算设备24可以是可编程的且可操作来执行编码指令,所述编码指令也被称为编程算法,可以是以高级或低级编程语言写入的计算机程序产品。要注意,任何形式的程序或任何种类的编程语言都可以被用于编码如由仿真设备10执行以仿真虚拟环境9、9a的算法。
仿真设备10,并且更具体地,基于处理器的计算设备24可以被连接到其他相似或不相似构造的系统,并且连同其他相似或不相似构造的系统一起被使用。通过包括无线设备以及硬件连接(直接连接)设备的网络硬件,可以在本实施方案中便利对仿真设备10的输入和来自仿真设备10的输出(称为I/O)。仿真设备10或系统之间的通信可以通过网络或通过利用合理的判断而选择的任何方式远程地实现,所述网络如经由网络集线器、中继器的广域网(WAN)或局域网(LAN)。通信可以通过但不限于以下方式来建立:多个仿真设备10的直接连接、基于网络的连通性、虚拟专用网络和/或SSL(安全套接层)加密通信。要注意,仿真设备10之间的关系可以是对等的、客户机-服务器的或任何其混合式(hybrid)组合,而不背离本发明实施方案的覆盖范围。以这种方式,对仿真虚拟环境9、9a或对与虚拟环境9、9a的交互有用的信息可以在系统10之间传输。在一个实施方案中,网络通信可以被用来下载虚拟物件16或虚拟工具26,以改变游戏情景。可替换地,新的环境可以被下载,以训练不同的加工工艺,其细节将在下面进一步讨论。在另一个实施方案中,还考虑仿真设备10可以生成可以根据多个终端用户11而动作的虚拟环境9、9a,所述多个终端用户中的每一个在相同的系统或联网到一起的分离的系统上操作。还有,将一个或更多个仿真设备10连接到一起的任何方式都可以被使用而不背离本发明实施方案意图覆盖的范围。
继续参照图1和2,仿真设备10可以包括用于显示虚拟环境9的成像设备22,虚拟环境9可以是虚拟焊接环境9a。成像设备22可以包括可操作来显示由基于处理器的计算设备24和计算机程序产品生成的图像的显示屏。在一个实施方案中,所述显示屏可以包括计算机监控器和/或包括CRT(阴极射线管)或LCD(液晶显示器)的电视屏幕,然而适合于本发明实施方案的任何类型的监控器、屏幕、显示器或投影设备都可以被使用。用于生成所述显示屏上的图像的信息可以被储存在基于处理器的计算设备24内的存储器中。在计算机程序产品的执行期间,当存储器被更新或改变时,所述显示屏上的图像可以被实时、动态地改变。还有,适合于与本发明实施方案一起使用的用于在成像设备22上显示虚拟环境9、9a的任何方法或装置都可以被选择。
现在参照图2和3,输入设备13可以起到将真实世界中的活动与虚拟环境9联结起来的作用。具体地,输入设备13感测终端用户11的动作并且将那些动作转化为由仿真设备10可辨别的数据。所述数据被传送至逻辑处理器25并且可以被用于以交互方式操控(engage)虚拟工具26和/或虚拟物件16。在一个实施方案中,计算机程序产品处理所述数据并且实时地对虚拟环境9作出改变。以这种方式,当终端用户11在三维空间操纵输入设备13时,虚拟环境9、9a中的对象以相应的方式移动,即与输入设备13的运动有直接关系。例如,终端用户11可以使成像设备22上的一个或更多个虚拟对象可视化,包括真实世界工具的虚拟表征。因此,终端用户11可以在特定方向移动输入设备13,导致虚拟对象的相应的运动。在本文图示说明的焊接实施方案中,输入设备13可以表征焊炬34。因此,输入设备13的运动转化为虚拟环境9a中虚拟焊炬34的运动。输入设备13可以包括激活虚拟焊接器从而启动焊接过程的开关。接着,终端用户11可以沿与如在成像设备22上描绘的焊接接缝(weldjoint)相一致的轨迹(trajectory)引导输入设备13。
仍然参照图2,输入设备13可以包括检测三维空间中的运动和/或取向的一个或更多个传感器37。传感器37可以被整合到输入设备13中并且被放置在各种位置,以检测不同类型的活动。例如,正如在上面提到的,一个传感器37或更多个传感器可以检测空间取向,即,物体(object)指向的方向。传感器37还可以检测在特定方向上的动作。此外,传感器37可以检测速度和/或加速度,所述速度和/或加速度不仅包含位置或速度上改变的大小,而且还包含方向上的改变。然而,与输入设备13有关的任何类型的活动都可以被传感器37检测,而不背离本发明实施方案意图覆盖的范围。传感器37的实施例可以包括但不限于:惯性传感器(如加速器)、近距离传感器、红外传感器、光电和光学传感器等等。在此要注意,输入设备13可以进一步包括开关装置38,用于与虚拟环境9联结(interfacing)。开关装置38可以包括:按钮、触发器或开关。以这种方式,根据期望分别通过压下或释放所述开关,虚拟活动可以被启动、中断或终止。图示说明地,虚拟焊接器32可以通过压下或释放触发开关而被“打开”或“关闭”。要解释的是,根据合理的判断而选择的任何类型、数量或分类的传感器37或开关装置38都可以被整合到输入设备13中。还有,追踪输入设备13运动的其他装置可以被包括,作为存在于靠近试样的邻近区域中的单独单元。由追踪器(即追踪装置)生成的位置和/或取向数据可以连同由输入设备13生成的数据一起使用或取代由输入设备13生成的数据。
在一个实施方案中,为购买和使用,输入设备13可以是在商业上可获得的。一个实施例可以包括以手动方式可移动的设备,如具有用于检测沿邻近表面的运动的光学传感器的计算机鼠标。输入设备13的另一个实施例可以包括游戏手柄(joystick)或控制器,所述游戏手柄或控制器可以包括用于插入I/O端口的连接器(connector)或者可以包括无线通信装置。由制造的Wii无线控制器是输入设备的一种示例性类型,然而适合于与基于微型处理器(particleprocessor)的计算设备24一起使用,在商业上可获得的其他控制器设备都可以被使用。其他实施方案考虑定制的控制器,所述定制的控制器可以被制成在实体上看起来像特定的虚拟工具26(例如焊炬34)。从而,与仿真设备10的交互由实体物体加强,所述实体物体具有效仿被描绘在成像设备22上的虚拟工具26的真实世界感觉和外观的作用。要注意,定制的控制器在尺寸、形状和/或重量上可以基本上类似于所述控制器意图效仿的真实世界工具。其他实施方案包括连接到商业上可获得的输入设备13并且效仿特定虚拟工具26的配件,以加强终端用户与虚拟环境9交互上的体验。在一个实施方案中,配件可以是叠加上去的(overlaying)部件和/或附接到输入设备13并且从输入设备13延伸的部件。然而,特别要注意,适合于与本发明实施方案一起使用的任何结构的定制控制器或配件都可以被选择。因此,仿真设备10的至少部分可以被组合在一起作为套件,以用于与商业上可获得的任何类型的基于处理器的计算设备24或其他一起使用。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,套件可以包括可以效仿被显示在虚拟环境9、9a中的虚拟物件16的焊接试样。因此,焊接试样可以起到作为真实世界中的引导的作用,以协助终端用户在虚拟环境9、9a中动作。套件还可以包括如在上面提到的追踪装置。换句话说,除输入设备13外,可以提供追踪单元以感测终端用户11在进行游戏期间的运动。
参照图3、4和6,仿真设备10可以包括具有要由终端用户11达到的规定目标的游戏。在一个特定实施方案中,游戏可以包括焊接游戏,其中所述目标是将一个或更多个虚拟物件16焊接到一起。实现目标可以要求终端用户11形成数个焊缝,每个焊缝都要达到预设的品质水平。也就是说,所述游戏经由输入设备13便利用户与基于处理器的计算设备24的交互,以令人满意的方式在虚拟焊接环境9a中形成一个或更多个虚拟焊缝。在进行游戏期间,游戏将包括一个或更多个具有特定主题的虚拟物件16a的情景呈现给终端用户11。图示说明地,所述情景可以涉及机动化车辆并且可以描绘可以被焊接到一起以装配运行的(functioning)摩托车或赛车的数个虚拟部件。在另一个示例性情景中,仿真需要修复的喷气式飞机,所述喷气式飞机可能在沿跑道滑行和起飞之前需要焊接。其他实施例包括分别在人们住进建筑物或火车穿过桥梁之前需要修复或建造的所述建筑物结构或所述桥梁。然而,任何情景主题都可以被选择而不背离本发明实施方案意图覆盖的范围。将意识到的是,游戏奖励目标的成功完成,所述奖励的一种方式是通过生动地显示具有特定主题的物件在其环境中运行,例如所述摩托车开走或所述火车穿过桥梁。仿真设备10还考虑终端用户11的个人兴趣。在一个实施方案中,游戏给出终端用户11这样的选项,即选择熟悉情景的选项,增加他或她的兴趣水平。因此,游戏可以利用多个情景选项编程,以吸引宽泛范围的人群。
从前述的说明中可见,所述情景的具有特定主题的虚拟物件16a具有一些这样的缺陷,即在变得可操作之前需要修复或装配。在游戏初始化(即游戏启动)期间,具有特定主题的虚拟物件16a可以被实例化为具有无效(inoperative)状态,或换句话说,被创建为不能正确工作或完全不工作。在本实施例中,初始的“无效”状态可以通过一个或更多个坏掉的托架、一堆未装配的I型横梁、破裂的管或适合情景主题的任何可修复的元件来表征和仿真。因此,达到所述游戏目标需要终端用户11与虚拟环境9a进行交互,以进行改变具有特定主题的虚拟物件16a的工作状态的虚拟焊接。在此要注意,达到所述游戏目标可以要求成功完成多级别玩法。也就是说,赢得所述游戏要求在每一级别玩法中成功地改变每个虚拟物件16a的工作状态。
在入门级别,游戏显示对应于由终端用户11选择的情景的一个或更多个虚拟物件16。接着,终端用户11被指示形成关于虚拟物件16的缺陷的特定类型的焊缝。可以假设的是,终端用户11具有很少的或没有焊接经验。因此,可以提供指南(tutorial),所述指南为终端用户11呈现有关为实现针对该级别的目标所需的焊接工艺或焊接技法的信息。所述指南的显示可以由终端用户11经由图形用户界面(GUI)来启动或控制,在一个实施例中,如通过“帮助”按钮来选择。可替换地,如果终端用户的表现(performance)落在令人满意的水平以下,指南画面可以自动呈现。在一个示例性方式中,指令可以以书面形式显示,所述书面形式的实施例可以包括设置画面(setupscreen)。指令还可以以可聆听的方式提供,并且更具体地,以口头的方式来描述完成设置和特定焊接任务所需的过程和/或动作。在任一情况下,指令可以以多种语言中的一种呈现,以适合居住在世界上不同地区的人们。考虑一个实施方案,其中游戏生动地或以图片表示的形式呈现指南信息。在这个实例中,进行所述游戏不要求终端用户11的读写能力。
当终端用户11操控输入设备13以模仿形成焊缝的运动特性时,游戏操作(gameplay)开始。贯穿所述游戏的进程(progression)可以取决于终端用户11形成虚拟焊缝有多好,这可以涉及虚拟焊缝品质水平。以这种方式,正如将在后续段落中进一步讨论的,晋级到下一级别要求成功完成先前的游戏阶段。在作出该决定时,一个或更多个参数可以被测定以确定虚拟焊缝品质水平。在真实世界公知的工艺中,焊缝品质取决于许多因素,如焊炬末端和焊接接缝之间的距离(可能随焊接工艺的类型而变化)、被焊接的材料、焊接器设置等等。对应的真实世界参数可以被编码为计算机程序产品,用于评判终端用户11的表现和用于确定虚拟焊缝的品质。
特定游戏级别的完成可以要求终端用户11形成一个或更多个虚拟焊缝,以达到由计算机程序产品确定的预设表现标准。表现参数可以被编程为与良好的焊接实践相关联的计算机程序产品,并且表现参数可以包括:焊炬34位置、取向的倾侧角和俯仰角(rollandpitchangles),以及行进速度。来自输入设备13的传感器数据可以与预编参数比较,以确定终端用户11是否已保持在可接受的限度内。在一个特定实施方案中,焊缝品质可以通过在虚拟焊接过程期间,在保持适当的俯仰角和倾侧角时监控焊炬末端与焊缝(weldseam)中心之间的距离来确定。然而,要解释的是,其他参数可以被用来确定终端用户11是否已经成功地完成虚拟焊缝。
在一个实施方案中,仿真设备10提供或计算游戏操作产生的分数。分数(也可以是等级)可以来源于终端用户11的表现数据。表现数据可以涉及终端用户11形成虚拟焊缝有多好,也就是说,终端用户11保持虚拟工具26或焊炬34接近可接受的焊接实践限度的程度。实施例可以包括但不应被限于,焊炬角度或到虚拟物件16的距离。正如将在后续段落中进一步讨论的,分数或等级还可以来源于终端用户相对于问题导向(problem-based)情景所作出的选择。
仿真设备10可以提供反馈,以在形成虚拟焊缝方面帮助终端用户11。在真实世界中,当焊炬沿焊接接缝行进时,焊接人员通过观察焊道来接收反馈。仿真设备10可以以类似的方式描绘与虚拟焊炬34的终端用户运动相关联的虚拟焊道。在一个实施方案中,虚拟焊道的形状由这样的因素来确定,所述因素包括焊炬角度、行进速度和到工件的距离以及焊接电源(powersource)设置,然而适合于与本发明实施方案一起使用的其他因素都可以被包括。以这种方式,终端用户11在虚拟焊接过程期间可以作出调整以铺设(laydown)可接受的焊道,由此仿真真实世界的活动。
参照图5来进一步协助终端用户11,表现向导(performanceguides)41可以被包括,提供在虚拟焊炬34的位置和取向上的定量反馈。在一个特定实施方案中,“指示条(indicatingbars)”42被包括,示出虚拟焊炬34的俯仰角和倾侧角。其他类型的表现向导41被考虑,显示焊炬末端和焊接接缝之间的距离。并入表现向导41的附加焊接参数对于本领域技术人员来说将变得明显。
表现向导41可以显示焊炬位置的实际数值,所述数值在当前实施方案中示出俯仰角和倾侧角。所显示的值可以示出根据绝对参照物(如垂直或水平平面)测量的角度。可替换地,表现向导41可以显示涉及从理想焊炬位置或取向偏移的角度值。表现向导41可以指出哪些值在实现的可接受焊缝的范围外。在一个实施方案中,表现向导41可以闪光、变色并且播放可聆听的声音,以指示何时焊炬34的焊位不当。以这种方式,终端用户11通过重复的使用、学习来修正焊接技法。当终端用户11获得经验,他或她将在整个焊接过程中,自始至终自然地将焊炬34保持在适当的取向。一度可以不再必需显示表现向导41。因此,计算机程序产品可以被编程,以选择性地“打开”或“关闭”向导41。
正如先前提到的,游戏可以包括不同的玩法级别。级别可以通过情景来区分,即通过被焊接的具有特定主题的物件16a中的变化来区分。可替换地,特定情景中的玩法级别可以是在焊接接缝的类型和/或要被焊接到一起的虚拟物件零件的数目上有区别。例如,比较基础的级别可以仿真焊接通过建筑结构的重叠的框架部件实施的单搭接(singlelap)接缝。另一级别的玩法可以仿真进行如在摩托车排气管或管道上建立的管焊接。还有,其他实施例被考虑,其中为修复机动车辆的车架(frame),顶板(overhead)或垂直对接接缝要被焊接。在每个游戏级别,在进行到下一个级别之前,焊接目标必须在达到预设品质界限内接连地逐个被实现。以这种方式,通过渐进地引入越来越复杂的焊接接缝结构和更高级的焊接技法可以教导基本的焊接技术。
当终端用户11成功地形成(即满足或超过预设的焊缝品质限度)给定情景中的所有虚拟焊缝时,可以实现游戏目标。也就是说,终端用户11在每一个级别上形成的每一个焊缝口都达到标准品质的最小值。可替换的游戏目标可以被包括,所述可替换的游戏目标通过超过虚拟焊缝表现在各种级别上的平均值来实现。因此,一些游戏级别可以在表现最小值以下进行,同时其他的相应地在表现最小值以上进行。只要整个游戏的加权平均值超过预设的最小值,游戏目标即被满足。
在评判终端用户11的表现时,仿真设备10可以追踪终端用户11通过输入设备13的运动,并且将数据与储存在存储器中的或被编码为计算机程序产品的参数进行比较。所述数据和/或参数可以被储存在数据库中,或通过利用合理的判断而选择的任何数据储存方式来储存。在一个实施方案中,仿真设备10记录和储存关于终端用户11的表现的信息,用于在虚拟活动后的某一时间进行比较。在其他实施方案中,与焊接品质参数的比较被实时地进行,其中结果以动态方式被显示或编目,用于随后回顾。除经由输入设备13收集的数据外,其他类型的数据可以被捕捉,包括:时间和日期数据、用户名、情景,以及游戏状态数据。将理解的是,任何类型的数据都可以根据需要被追踪和储存,以确定和报告游戏操作的结果。
现在参照图7,如上所述的,仿真设备10还可以包括便利在工业或商业场景中使用的技术训练的系统。在一个示例性实施方案中,仿真设备10可以描绘以具有与在上面所描述的相一致的一个或更多个具有特定主题的物件16a的情景为特征的虚拟焊接环境9a。仿真设备10可以为终端用户11呈现要解决的问题,例如需要装配的建筑结构或需要修复的赛车车架。可以清楚地这样规定所述问题,即直接派给终端用户11以给定的一套虚拟工具26解决问题的任务。可以呈现描述应当如何解决所述问题的指令,所述指令包括应当使用哪种焊接技术或工艺。仿真设备10还可以指示针对给定的情景,焊接虚拟物件(一个或更多个)16所需的焊接器设置或设置范围。此外,仿真设备10可以指示对于特定的修复需要何种类型的焊条,和/或对于形成可以对应真实世界焊缝的可接受的虚拟焊缝,焊缝应当以何种行进速度被形成。然而,用于装配或修复虚拟物件16的任何类型的指令都可以被呈现给终端用户11。再一次要注意,指令可以以各种语言中的任何一种以文本形式显示或以可聆听的形式呈现,和/或为适合不同的训练场景而生动地以图形显示。
当终端用户11晋级时,指令级别可以相应地调整。在初学者级别,指令级别可以集中在涉及例如焊接理论、基本焊接实践和/或焊接器设定(setup)的基础原理上。其他训练级别可以提供涉及各种焊接接缝结构和/或利用不同种类的材料和焊条的焊接的指南。更高级的级别可以集中在特定焊接工艺和技法上。当然,每个级别都可以由一个或更多个如上所述的仿真真实世界活动的情景加强。
在一个实施方案中,焊接训练可以包括可能是问题导向的情景。问题导向情景的特征可以在于,包括必须由终端用户11发现、分析并且规划方案的虚拟物件16中的操作缺陷。可以依赖从先前的训练教程或级别中学到的知识来解决问题。在一个实施例中,赛车可以被描绘并描述为不能正确运行。虚拟环境9a可以被编程以呈现可视和/或可闻的提示(clues),所述提示允许终端用户11辨别针对给定的情景而呈现的特定问题。在分析问题之后,终端用户11被引导想出方案,所述方案以示例性的方式可以包括:选择适当的焊接工艺、调整焊接电源供应设置、选择特定的焊条,以及然后形成虚拟焊缝。因此,正确的修复不仅需要实现适合的虚拟焊缝的物理动作,而且还需要选择适当的焊接工艺和相关参数。可以通过这样的方式来提示成功地修复或装配,即虚拟赛车开走或在比赛中驾驶。如果已经进行不正确或不完全的修复,赛车可以运行不佳或完全不运行,且提供给终端用户11关于仍需要解决的问题的进一步提示。以这种方式,焊接训练不仅包含肌肉记忆(musclememory)的训练以成功地形成特定焊缝,而且还包含教导终端用户11如何正确地分析虚拟物件(一个或更多个)16以选择修正虚拟物件(一个或更多个)16的操作缺陷所需的适当的焊接工艺。焊接训练还可以通过包括熔池建模而包含超出肌肉记忆训练的学习,所述学习在焊接过程期间教导终端用户11作出调整。
正如在上面提到的,等级可以来源于终端用户对问题导向情景的分析。在一个实施方案中,可以给出终端用户11关于虚拟物件16a的基材(basematerial)信息,并且指示终端用户11选择适合于与该基材一起使用的焊条。在真实世界中,焊条的选择影响焊接接缝的完整性。类似地,在虚拟焊接环境9a中选择正确的焊条影响终端用户11的表现分数或等级。此外,可以要求终端用户11计算热输入,以确保基材性质不会被多行程(multi-pass)焊缝永久地改变。在另一个实施方案中,仿真设备10可以为终端用户11提供关于材料厚度和/或接缝结构的信息。因此,为正确地形成虚拟焊缝,可以要求终端用户11针对所选择的虚拟焊接电源供应设置来确定适当的行进速度。在此要注意,可以通过虚拟提示(cues)来清楚地说明或指示所述信息,终端用户11从所述提示可以推断为分析所述问题所需的重要因素。本发明实施方案还考虑前述内容的组合。将意识到的是,因此,仿真设备10起到教育和评估在学习由各种教育和政府机构发起的科学、技术、工程和/或数学方面的熟练程度(proficiency)的作用。
可以要求在晋级到后续级别之前,必须以令人满意的方式完成每个训练级别。在一个实施方案中,可以给出有关焊接知识和/或虚拟焊接表现两者的测试。来自当前情景的数据(即测试数据或表现数据)可以以与在上面所描述的相一致的方式被追踪、储存并且与预编的焊接参数比较。在还没有达到完成级别的最小值的区域,可以给终端用户11回顾指南和/或实践焊接特定焊接接缝的机会。一旦熟练程度已经得到证明,终端用户11可以晋级到教导新的技术的渐进地更有难度的级别。
本文已参考所公开的实施方案对本发明进行了描述。显然,一旦阅读和理解本说明书,其他人将可以想到各种修改和变更。本文旨在包括所有这些修改和变更,只要它们落入所附的权利要求书或其等同方案的范围内。
参考编号:
9虚拟环境
9a虚拟焊接环境
10仿真设备
11终端用户
13输入设备
16虚拟物件
16a具有特定主题的虚拟物件
22成像设备
24计算设备
25逻辑处理器
26虚拟工具
32焊接器
34焊炬
37传感器
38开关装置
41表现向导
42指示条
Claims (19)
1.一种用于训练焊接活动的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
提供处理装置,所述处理装置可操作来执行用于生成交互式虚拟环境(9)的编码指令,其中所述处理装置接收来自相关输入设备(13)的输入;
在虚拟环境(9)内创建具有操作缺陷的虚拟物件(16),所述虚拟物件(16)具有在有效和无效之间可改变的工作状态;
建立焊接目标,以通过虚拟焊接操作来改变所述虚拟物件(16)的工作状态,所述建立的步骤还包括至少以下步骤:分析所述操作缺陷、选择适当的焊接工艺、调整焊接电源供应设置来执行所述虚拟焊接操作;
引导终端用户(11)执行一个或更多个虚拟焊接操作,所述一个或更多个虚拟焊接操作改变所述虚拟物件(16)的所述工作状态并且其中当所述引导的步骤需要两个或更多个虚拟焊接操作时,使用具有难度的进程形成每个随后的虚拟焊缝;
在虚拟焊接操作期间向所述用户提供关于所述输入设备的位置和取向的实时定量反馈;以及
通过指示向导来在所述虚拟焊接操作的位置和取向的可接受值的范围内示出虚拟焊炬的至少俯仰角和倾侧角而在所述位置和取向上提供定量反馈,所述反馈包括提供当所述终端用户在所述虚拟焊接操作的所述可接受值的范围外时进行指示的反馈,在所述反馈中,所述指示向导闪光、变色或播放可聆听的声音。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:
实例化工作状态设置为无效的虚拟物件(16),其中所述虚拟物件(16)在所述工作状态被改变为有效时能够在所述虚拟环境内发挥功能。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:
提供用于显示所述虚拟环境(9)的显示装置;并且,
其中当所述虚拟物件(16)的所述工作状态被改变为有效时,所述显示装置描绘展现与所述虚拟物件(16)的功能有关的活动的所述虚拟物件(16)。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:
储存表征虚拟焊缝质量标准的数据;
捕捉所述虚拟焊接操作的表现数据;以及,
通过比较所述虚拟焊接操作的表现数据和所述表征虚拟焊缝质量标准的数据,来确定所述焊接目标是否已经达到。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:
基于所述虚拟焊接操作的所述表现数据来打出焊接得分。
6.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述储存表征虚拟焊接质量标准的数据的步骤包括以下步骤:
储存来源于虚拟焊炬俯仰角或虚拟焊炬倾侧角的表征虚拟焊缝质量标准的数据范围。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:
提供用于显示所述交互式虚拟环境(9)的显示装置,其中所述虚拟环境由多个情景中的一个创建;
呈现选择多个情景中的一个的选项,所述虚拟环境(9)将由所选择的一个情景创建,以及,
引导所述终端用户(11)选择多个情景中的一个。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述方法包括由改变所述虚拟物件(16)的所述工作状态所需的虚拟焊接操作数来区分的多级别玩法。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述方法包括多级别玩法,每一级别由所述虚拟焊接操作的复杂性区分。
10.一种用于相关的执行编码指令的基于处理器的计算设备(24)的套件,所述套件用于显示交互式虚拟焊接环境(9)并且具有用于与终端用户(11)联结的相关输入设备(13),所述套件包括:
可容易地释放的配件,所述配件被调适为稳固地连接到所述相关输入设备(13),其中所述可容易地释放的配件效仿在所述交互式虚拟焊接环境(9)中显示的焊接工具;
定量表现向导,所述定量表现向导显示关于在虚拟焊接环境中使用的输入设备的位置和取向的实时反馈值,其中每个表现向导在所述输入设备的所述位置和取向的可接受值的范围内指示针对可接受焊缝的所述输入设备的位置和取向,所述反馈包括提供当所述输入设备在所述虚拟焊接操作的所述可接受值的范围外时进行指示的反馈,在所述反馈中,所述定量表现向导闪光、变色或播放可聆听的声音;以及
对应于在所述交互式虚拟焊接环境(9)中显示的虚拟物件的焊接试样,所述焊接试样用于在与所述虚拟焊接环境(9)交互时引导所述终端用户(11),所述虚拟物件具有操作缺陷以及在有效和无效之间可改变的工作状态,从无效到工作状态的所述改变需要至少以下步骤:分析所述操作缺陷、选择适当的焊接工艺、调整焊接电源供应设置来执行所述虚拟焊接操作。
11.如权利要求10所述的套件,其中所述可容易地释放的配件效仿弧焊焊炬(34)。
12.如权利要求10所述的套件,其中所述可容易地释放的配件具有对应于真实世界焊炬(34)的形状和重量。
13.一种输入设备,所述输入设备用于相关的基于处理器的计算设备(24),所述相关的基于处理器的计算设备(24)执行相关计算机程序产品以生成虚拟焊接环境(9),所述输入设备包括:
输入设备本体,所述输入设备本体被成形以效仿真实世界焊炬(34);
具有传感器输出的一个或更多个传感器(37),其中所述一个或更多个传感器(37)被并入所述输入设备本体,所述一个或更多个传感器(37)可操作来感测所述输入设备本体的空间取向,所述传感器为惯性传感器、近距离传感器、光电传感器中的一个或更多个;
定量表现向导,所述定量表现向导显示关于在虚拟焊接环境中使用的输入设备的位置和取向的实时反馈值,其中每个表现向导在所述输入设备的所述位置和取向的可接受值的范围内指示针对可接受焊缝的所述输入设备的位置和取向,所述表现向导包括提供当所述输入设备在所述虚拟焊接操作的所述可接受值的范围外时进行指示的反馈,在所述反馈中,所述定量表现向导闪光、变色或播放可聆听的声音;
对应于在所述虚拟焊接环境(9)中显示的虚拟物件的焊接试样,所述焊接试样用于在与所述虚拟焊接环境(9)交互时引导终端用户(11),所述虚拟物件具有操作缺陷以及在有效和无效之间可改变的工作状态,从无效到工作状态的所述改变需要至少以下步骤:分析所述操作缺陷、选择适当的焊接工艺、调整焊接电源供应设置来执行所述虚拟焊接操作;以及,
用于将所述传感器输出传送至所述相关的基于处理器的计算设备(24)的装置。
14.如权利要求13所述的输入设备,其中所述用于传送的装置包括用于以无线方式将传感器输出传送至所述相关的基于处理器的计算设备(24)的电路。
15.如权利要求13所述的输入设备,其中所述用于传送的装置包括用于通过硬件连接绳缆将传感器输出传送至所述相关的基于处理器的计算设备(24)的电路,其中所述硬件连接绳缆被调适为容易地连接到在所述相关的基于处理器的计算设备(24)上的输入端口。
16.一种用于训练焊接活动的方法,包括:
提供可操作来执行编码指令的基于处理器的计算设备(24)、可以响应于所述编码指令的执行而显示虚拟焊接环境(9)的成像设备以及可操作地连接到所述基于处理器的计算设备(24)的输入设备,其中所述输入设备感测在真实世界中的运动;
显示所述虚拟焊接环境(9)中的具有通过一个或更多个虚拟提示可辨别的操作缺陷的一个或更多个虚拟对象;
显示定量表现向导来提供关于在所述虚拟焊接环境中使用的输入设备的倾侧和俯仰的实时反馈值,其中每个表现向导在所述输入设备的位置和取向的可接受值的范围内指示针对可接受焊缝的所述输入设备的位置和取向,所述表现向导包括提供当所述输入设备在所述虚拟焊接操作的所述可接受值的范围外时进行指示的反馈,在所述反馈中,所述定量表现向导闪光、变色或播放可聆听的声音;
引导终端用户(11)分析所述一个或更多个虚拟提示以获得修正所述操作缺陷的方案,所述引导的步骤还包括至少以下步骤:分析所述操作缺陷、选择适当的焊接工艺、调整焊接电源供应设置来执行所述虚拟焊接操作;以及,
引导终端用户(11)执行一个或更多个虚拟焊接操作,所述一个或更多个虚拟焊接操作改变所述虚拟物件(16)的工作状态并且其中当所述引导的步骤需要两个或更多个虚拟焊接操作时,使用具有难度的进程形成每个随后的虚拟焊缝。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:
在所述成像设备上描绘多个虚拟焊接参数,当所述多个虚拟焊接参数改变时限定虚拟焊接工艺,并且其中所述多个虚拟焊接参数通过操纵所述输入设备的方式是可改变的;并且其中所述获得修正所述操作缺陷的所述方案的步骤包括改变所述多个虚拟焊接参数中的至少一个。
18.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述引导终端用户执行一个或更多个虚拟焊接操作的步骤形成虚拟焊缝,并且还包括以下步骤:
储存表征所述虚拟焊缝的虚拟焊接质量的阈值的数据;以及
根据虚拟焊接质量的所述阈值评估所述虚拟焊缝。
19.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述显示所述虚拟焊接环境中的具有通过一个或更多个虚拟提示可辨别的操作缺陷的一个或更多个虚拟对象的步骤包括以下步骤:
显示所述虚拟焊接环境(9)的第一情景中的具有通过一个或更多个虚拟提示可辨别的第一操作缺陷的一个或更多个虚拟对象;并且,
还包括以下步骤:
显示所述虚拟焊接环境(9)的第二情景中的具有通过一个或更多个虚拟提示可辨别的第二实质性操作缺陷的一个或更多个虚拟对象。
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- 2009-08-20 RU RU2011110478/08A patent/RU2011110478A/ru unknown
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- 2009-08-20 BR BRPI0917273-4A patent/BRPI0917273B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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CA2730545A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
RU2011110478A (ru) | 2012-09-27 |
US20170046982A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
WO2010020869A3 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
BRPI0917273A2 (pt) | 2015-11-10 |
US20100048273A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
US10762802B2 (en) | 2020-09-01 |
WO2010020869A2 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
MX2011001223A (es) | 2011-03-15 |
CN102171744A (zh) | 2011-08-31 |
US9483959B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 |
DE202009018950U1 (de) | 2014-10-15 |
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