CN102138486A - Method for carrying out rapid cuttage propagation on plantlets of prunus pseudocerasus - Google Patents
Method for carrying out rapid cuttage propagation on plantlets of prunus pseudocerasus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for carrying out rapid cuttage propagation on plantlets of prunus pseudocerasus. The method is characterized in that the tissue culture seedlings of Gisela 5 and 6 in the root induction stage, which are produced in the laboratory, are adopted; on the 14th day of root induction, the shooting-up seedlings are selected and are further cultured into strong seedlings; the seedlings can be used after the seedlings become slightly strong half a month later; the matrix used for cuttage is formed by uniformly mixing pearlite, vermiculite, turfy soil and river sands in a ratio of 2:2:1:1; in the period, the temperature and the humidity in the greenhouse are respectively ensured to be 26-28 DEG C and 50-60%; the bactericide is sprayed every other day; a kung fu insecticide is sprayed 5-7 days after cuttage; the spraying times of the insecticide depends and is not more than 5; the insecticide is sprayed every 2-3 days; whether the seedlings root can be observed on the 10th-14th day; and the plantlets can be transplanted to plugs to be acclimatized 20 days later. The experimental results show that by adopting the method, each plant can have 3 roots, the cycle is short and the effect is good; and the technology can be used for scale production of Gisela virus-free stocks.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant seedling propagation technique field, be specially the method for cherry test-tube plantlet cuttage and quick-propagation.
Background technology
Though cherry has long history in the cultivation of China, still, its distributed areas are less.In recent years, cherry more and more caused people's attention as a kind of fruit of go on the market morning, delicious look aquatic foods.A lot of areas all prepare to introduce a fine variety or enlarge area under cultivation, are badly in need of a large amount of nursery stocks in the production. and slow according to traditional approach breeding cherry speed, can not satisfy the demand far away.For this reason, domestic many units carry out the test tube breeding of cherry.
The cuttage and quick-propagation technology of test-tube plantlet is a novel practical technology of taking in recent years.The test-tube plantlet cuttage technique has been obtained good effect on plant production such as potato, honeysuckle, grape, the cultivation mode of efficient for exploring, thrifty, low consumption, we are used for cherry rootstock production with this technology, adopt root induction phase tissue cultivating seedling to carry out the research of test-tube plantlet cuttage technique, obtain nearly ten thousand strains of detoxification cherry rootstock, in tissue cultivating seedling is excessively transplanted short 20 days time phase, allow tissue cultured test-tube seedling proliferation 3-4 doubly, respond well.
Gisela sweet cherry dwarfing rootstock is at present at the well-adapted cherry rootstock of China, and wherein Gisela is the kind that is applicable to large-scale production through facts have proved 5, No. 6.5, No. 6 sweet cherry dwarfing rootstocks of Gisela are bred by Germany, for sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) and gray wool leaf cherry (P.canesceus) carry out the triploid hybrid stock that interspecific cross is cultivated, in West Europe, the North America is widely used.This kind stock was introduced China in 1998 by the U.S., through the regional tests in 7 years and observation, find that No. 5,6, Gisela is affine good with most of kinds, have tangible dwarfing, high yield, early strong, disease-resistant, the anti-salt of reality, waterlogging, soil wide accommodation, good, cold-resistant, the output advantages of higher of performance admittedly.Because it is a clonal rootstock, can not adopt seminal propagation.At present mainly adopt cuttage, press strip and the breeding of branch root turion, the difficulty of not only taking root, reproduction coefficient are low, and cause deterioration of variety, the damage by disease and insect its spread in china.The tissue cultivating seedling that Plant Tissue Breeding is cultivated, gene are highly consistent, produce and stablize, the nursery stock quality parameter is good, and the nursery stock of high-quality can be provided for industrialization production, but the group training needs equipment and technical merit height, investment is big, breeds shortcomings such as cost height, and the test-tube plantlet cuttage can not only keep the fine quality of tissue cultivating seedling, and realized breeding in a short time 3-4 yield heterosis doubly, have the value of research promotion.
The existing cottage method of Gisela sweet cherry dwarfing rootstock has two kinds: cuttage, epicormic branch cuttage.The cuttage survival rate is extremely low.Epicormic branch cuttage is that seedling-growing method is cut in employing, selection is different from cuttage, needs hot and humid environment, and survival rate is the highest also has only 70%.The present domestic bibliographical information of still not doing the cuttage of cherry test-tube plantlet.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of method of cherry test-tube plantlet cuttage and quick-propagation, it is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) material selection is handled in earlier stage:
Select root induction 14-15 days, scurry Gao Miao for height of seedling 16-25 centimetre, further do strong seedling culture, wherein illumination 14-16 hour, 26-29 ℃ of temperature, humidity 70-80% treats behind the first quarter moon that seedling stem section is sturdy, blade obviously becomes big, turns green back as cuttage test-tube plantlet material.It should be noted that: the root induction seedling of choosing must pass through abundant strong sprout, treats that nursery stock is sturdy, blade obviously becomes to turn greatly and carry out after green, otherwise rooting rate will be very low.
(2) cuttage is chosen and is handled:
Test-tube plantlet intercepting is two parts up and down, guarantees lower part length at 2-3 centimetres, with scalpel with top at interval 3-4 centimetre cut out the V-type wound, in the variable concentrations hormone, soak 10-20 after second, top integral body is put into the square position, bury with mixed-matrix, only expose the top bud, water permeable; Hormone wherein is: heteroauxin, ABT-1 root-inducing powder, ABT-6 root-inducing powder, and concentration is 0.4-0.6mg/L;
Described test-tube plantlet is No. 5, the Gisela of root induction phase or No. 6 tissue cultivating seedling.It should be noted that: the test-tube plantlet cutting time is extremely important, can only be at spring and autumn, if the time does not cause the heavy consequence of being annihilated to meeting.Employed somatotropin concentration is best in 0.4 left and right sides effect.
(3) cuttage root induction:
In spring, the Qiu Liangji in every year, cuttage on the perlite mixed-matrix; Mixed-matrix wherein is the 2:2:1:1 ratio mixing by weight of perlite, vermiculite, turfy soil, river sand;
(4) management after the cuttage
Guarantee temperature of shed at 26-28 ℃, humidity is sprayed carbendazim 1-2 time every other day 50-60%, spray 1-5 time insecticide after cuttage 5-7 days, each 2-3 days at interval, 10-14 days, observe and whether take root, execute a urea the last week of emerging to impel the healthy and strong growth of seedling; After 14 days, the new root of transplanting a cutting begins to take shape, and seedling forms after 30 days, and can carry out hardening, transplanting this moment.The cuttage seeding management in later stage must guarantee the stable of the interior temp. and humidity of canopy, can not change too big.
Method of the present invention is wherein soaked in the variable concentrations hormone described in the step (1), and the concentration that refers to is 0.4,0.5, the 0.6mg/L heteroauxin; The ABT-1 root-inducing powder; The ABT-6 root-inducing powder soaked 20 seconds.
Generally speaking, what the ABT-1 root-inducing powder adopted is alcoholic solvent, during the preparation treatment fluid, should be earlier with the wine dissolving, after add the water preparation; The ABT-6 root-inducing powder is an aqueous solvent, is more novel, more a kind of green plant growth regulator of wide spectrum.
Method of the present invention, wherein carbendazim described in the step (3) and time insecticide all are meant the aqueous solution of 1250-1670 mg/kg.
Cherry dwarfing rootstock of the present invention cuttage and existing difference are:
1, existing hardwood cuttage method output is the common seedling of not detoxification, rooting rate less than 30%, and epicormic branch cuttage is the highest also just to have only 70%.The seedling of cuttage output of the present invention is the cherry detoxic seedling, and rooting rate is up to 85%; And the cherry detoxic seedling provides a lot of benefits to the grower, and is few as the detoxic seedling virus disease, and a lot of hereditary illnesss disappear substantially, have guaranteed the survival rate of nursery stock, and allows nursery stock output improve at least 30%.
2, cottage method of the present invention energy cuttage twice in a year, the breeding rate height, the time is short.Temperature humidity is had relatively high expectations; Existing method cuttage can only be done before the Ching Ming Festival in the Spring Festival, and epicormic branch cuttage can only be done in August in summer, and time restriction is relatively stricter.
3, cottage method labor intensive of the present invention is few, and cost is low, and the work efficiency height can use at spring and autumn in 1 year; The existing hardwood cuttage method cuttage amount of labour is big, and requires very high to sheared edge, cuttage gimmick.The survival rate of nursery stock is relatively low.
The good effect that cherry test-tube plantlet cuttage and quick-propagation method disclosed by the invention is compared with prior art had is:
(1) cherry test-tube plantlet cuttage and quick-propagation method of the present invention, wherein the cuttage of test-tube plantlet is adopted is that the seedling that cultivates of test tube is as material.Because the tissue cultured test-tube seedling is very tender seedling, look similarly to be the equally tender seedling of bean sprouts, seedling cell water content at this time is big especially, do not form the same interior of trees, look very fragile, general test-tube plantlet whether survive must see behind the immigration land for growing field crops its degree of lignification OK, judge that with this it adapts to external environment and life ability, therefore, the seedling that test tube cultivates does not have lignification fully, generally moves into booth transplanting land for growing field crops adaptation later in two months and just begins lignification after half a year.
What (2) test-tube plantlet cottage breeding of the present invention came out is detoxification cherry seedling, and experimental data shows: half detoxification cherry seedling production ratio is detoxification cherry height of seedling 30% not, and full detoxification cherry seedling production ratio is detoxification cherry height of seedling 45% not.Therefore, method of the present invention can solve the fast numerous production problem of scale of cherry detoxic seedling.
What (3) test-tube plantlet cottage breeding of the present invention came out is detoxification cherry seedling, maximum characteristics are: can breed 3-4 detoxic seedling doubly in a short time, can solve some hereditary illnesss effectively like this, guarantee the survival rate of nursery stock, more help large-scale propagation production.
The specific descriptions of cherry test-tube plantlet cuttage and quick-propagation method disclosed by the invention are as follows:
1. materials and methods
Tested in September, 2010 and carry out at Tianjin cherry paddy development in agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd seedling cultivation greenhouse booth.
1.1 material
The tissue cultivating seedling that the Gisela of the root induction phase of employing Laboratory Production is No. 5, No. 6, is chosen and is scurried Gao Miao (height of seedling 16-25 centimetre) in the time of 14 days in root induction, further does strong seedling culture, treats behind the first quarter moon that seedling gets final product after sturdy a little.The used matrix of cuttage is that perlite, vermiculite, turfy soil, river sand mix in the 2:2:1:1 ratio.
1.2 method
Adopt three kinds of hormones during cuttage, heteroauxin (IBA), ABT-1 root-inducing powder, ABT-6 root-inducing powder come root induction, and used concentration is 0.4-0.6mg/L.Test-tube plantlet intercepting is two parts up and down, guarantee that lower part length is at 2-3 centimetres, with scalpel the interval, top is cut out the V-type wound for 3--4 centimetre, but do not cut off, in the variable concentrations hormone, soaked 20 seconds, after top integral body is put into square position (square position is real chassis), bury with matrix, only expose the top bud, water permeable.
2 results and analysis
2.1 the management after the cuttage
Guarantee temperature of shed at 26-28 ℃, humidity is 50-60%.Because test-tube plantlet does not have disease-resistant ability, destroyed by insect pest so spray 1-2 carbendazim test-tube plantlet every other day, spray the time insecticide after cuttage 5-7 days, the insecticide spraying number of times depends on the circumstances, and no more than 5 times, each 2-3 days at interval.Just can observe in 10-14 days and whether take root, carry out hardening in the seedling transition cultivating can being coiled to the cave after 20 days.This moment, the hardening process was consistent with tissue cultivating seedling transition hardening period management method.
2.2 variety classes growth hormone is to the cuttage root-taking influence of Gisela No. 5, No. 6
Conclusion
No. 5, No. 6 test-tube plantlet cuttages of Gisela 3 week, its rooting rates of back can reach more than 80%, and every strain bar number of taking root can reach 3, and the cycle is short, and effective, this technology can be used for the large-scale production of Gisela detoxification stock.
Embodiment:
For guaranteeing that the above and other objects of the present invention feature and advantage become apparent, and below especially exemplified by preferred embodiment, describe in further detail the present invention.Heteroauxin concentration wherein, the ABT-1 root-inducing powder, ABT-6 root-inducing powder source all has commercially available.
Embodiment 1
(1) material selection is handled in earlier stage:
Select root induction 14 days, height of seedling is scurried Gao Miao for 16 centimetres, further does strong seedling culture, and wherein illumination is 14 hours, 26 ℃ of temperature, and humidity 70% is treated behind the first quarter moon that seedling stem section is sturdy, blade obviously becomes big, is turned green back as cuttage test-tube plantlet material.It should be noted that: the root induction seedling of choosing must pass through abundant strong sprout, treats that nursery stock is sturdy, blade obviously becomes to turn greatly and carry out after green, otherwise rooting rate will be very low.
(2) cuttage is chosen and is handled:
Adopt three kinds of hormones, heteroauxin (IBA), ABT-1 root-inducing powder, ABT-6 root-inducing powder come root induction, test-tube plantlet intercepting is two parts up and down, guarantee that lower part length is at 3 centimetres, with scalpel the interval, top is cut out the V-type wound for 3-4 centimetre, in the variable concentrations hormone, soak after 20 seconds top integral body is put into the square position, bury with matrix, only expose the top bud, water permeable;
Heteroauxin concentration 0.4mg/L wherein;
ABT-1 root-inducing powder concentration 0.4mg/L;
ABT-6 root-inducing powder concentration 0.4mg/L;
(3) cuttage root induction:
At spring, Qiu Liangji, cuttage on the perlite mixed-matrix; Mixed-matrix wherein is the 2:2:1:1 ratio mixing by weight of perlite, vermiculite, turfy soil, river sand; Test-tube plantlet is to lead No. 5, the Gisela of the phase of taking root or No. 6 tissue cultivating seedling;
(4) management after the cuttage
Guarantee temperature of shed at 26 ℃, humidity is sprayed carbendazim 1 time, the aqueous solution of 1250 mg/kg every other day 60%; The time insecticide refers to the aqueous solution of 1250 mg/kg, and each 3 days at interval, 14 days, observe and whether take root, execute a urea the last week of emerging to impel the healthy and strong growth of seedling; After 14 days, the new root of transplanting a cutting begins to take shape, and seedling forms after 30 days, and can carry out hardening, transplanting this moment.
It should be noted that: the cuttage seeding management in later stage, must guarantee the stable of the interior temp. and humidity of canopy, can not change too big.
Embodiment 2
(1) material selection is handled in earlier stage:
Select root induction 15 days, height of seedling is scurried Gao Miao for 15 centimetres, further does strong seedling culture, and wherein illumination is 16 hours, 26 ℃ of temperature, and humidity 60% is treated behind the first quarter moon that seedling stem section is sturdy, blade obviously becomes big, is turned green back as cuttage test-tube plantlet material.It should be noted that: the root induction seedling of choosing must pass through abundant strong sprout, treats that nursery stock is sturdy, blade obviously becomes to turn greatly and carry out after green, otherwise rooting rate will be very low.
(2) cuttage is chosen and is handled:
Adopt three kinds of hormones, heteroauxin (IBA), ABT-1 root-inducing powder, ABT-6 root-inducing powder come root induction, test-tube plantlet intercepting is two parts up and down, guarantee that lower part length is at 3 centimetres, with scalpel the interval, top is cut out the V-type wound for 4 centimetres, in the variable concentrations hormone, soak after 20 seconds top integral body is put into the square position, bury with matrix, only expose the top bud, water permeable;
Heteroauxin concentration 0.3mg/L wherein;
ABT-1 root-inducing powder concentration 0.4mg/L;
ABT-6 root-inducing powder concentration 0.6mg/L;
(3) cuttage root induction:
In spring, the Qiu Liangji in every year, cuttage on the perlite mixed-matrix; Mixed-matrix wherein is the 2:2:1:1 ratio mixing by weight of perlite, vermiculite, turfy soil, river sand; Test-tube plantlet is to lead No. 5, the Gisela of the phase of taking root or No. 6 tissue cultivating seedling;
(4) management after the cuttage
Guarantee temperature of shed at 27 ℃, humidity is sprayed carbendazim 2 times, the aqueous solution of 1500 mg/kg every other day 50%; The time insecticide refers to the aqueous solution of 1500 mg/kg, and each 3 days at interval, 10 days, observe and whether take root, execute a urea the last week of emerging to impel the healthy and strong growth of seedling; After 14 days, the new root of transplanting a cutting begins to take shape, and seedling forms after 30 days, and can carry out hardening, transplanting this moment.It should be noted that: the cuttage seeding management in later stage, must guarantee the stable of the interior temp. and humidity of canopy, can not change too big.
Embodiment 3
(1) material selection is handled in earlier stage:
Select root induction 15 days, height of seedling is scurried Gao Miao for 25 centimetres, further does strong seedling culture, and wherein illumination is 14 hours, 26 ℃ of temperature, and humidity 70% is treated behind the first quarter moon that seedling stem section is sturdy, blade obviously becomes big, is turned green back as cuttage test-tube plantlet material;
(2) cuttage is chosen and is handled:
Test-tube plantlet intercepting is two parts up and down, guarantees lower part length at 3 centimetres, with scalpel with top at interval 3 centimetres cut out the V-type wound, in the variable concentrations hormone, soak after 20 seconds, top integral body is put into the square position, bury with mixed-matrix, only expose the top bud, water permeable; Hormone wherein is: heteroauxin, ABT-1 root-inducing powder, ABT-6 root-inducing powder, and concentration is 0.4mg/L; Described test-tube plantlet is No. 5, the Gisela of root induction phase or No. 6 tissue cultivating seedling; Heteroauxin; The ABT-1 root-inducing powder; ABT-6 root-inducing powder concentration is 0.4,0.5, and 0.6mg/L soaked 20 seconds.
(3) cuttage root induction:
At spring, Qiu Liangji, cuttage on the perlite mixed-matrix; Mixed-matrix wherein is the 2:2:1:1 ratio mixing by weight of perlite, vermiculite, turfy soil, river sand; Test-tube plantlet is to lead No. 5, the Gisela of the phase of taking root or No. 6 tissue cultivating seedling;
(4) management after the cuttage:
Guarantee temperature of shed at 26 ℃, humidity is sprayed carbendazim 2 times every other day 60%, and the time insecticide is sprayed 2 times in cuttage after 7 days, and each 3 days at interval, 14 days, observe and whether take root, execute a urea the last week of emerging to impel the healthy and strong growth of seedling; After 14 days, the new root of transplanting a cutting begins to take shape, and seedling forms after 30 days, and can carry out hardening, transplanting this moment.Wherein carbendazim is the aqueous solution of 1600 mg/kg; The time insecticide refers to the aqueous solution of 1600 mg/kg.
Embodiment 4
The actual example that uses:
No. 5, root induction phase Gisela of the present invention or No. 6 tissue cultivating seedling (test-tube plantlet cuttage); Ventilating, temp. and humidity can be cultivated in the manually operated seedling cultivation greenhouse booth, moves into then to carry out grafting again after the land for growing field crops adapts to open-air atmosphere, becomes cherry finished product seedling, at this moment sells again, and the nursery stock survival rate of sale is more than 95%.No. 5, at present general Gisela or No. 6 tissue cultivating seedling individual plant costs are about 4 yuan, after using test-tube plantlet cuttage and quick-propagation technology, at short one month of test-tube plantlet transition cultivating phase internal breeding 3-4 doubly, greatly reduce the production cost of detoxification nursery stock, every strain reduces by 1 yuan of cost at least.
Claims (3)
1. the method for a cherry test-tube plantlet cuttage and quick-propagation is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) material selection is handled in earlier stage:
Select root induction 14-15 days, scurry Gao Miao for height of seedling 16-25 centimetre, further do strong seedling culture, wherein illumination 14-16 hour, 26-29 ℃ of temperature, humidity 70-80% treats behind the first quarter moon that seedling stem section is sturdy, blade obviously becomes big, turns green back as cuttage test-tube plantlet material;
(2) cuttage is chosen and is handled:
Test-tube plantlet intercepting is two parts up and down, guarantees lower part length at 2-3 centimetres, with scalpel with top at interval 3-4 centimetre cut out the V-type wound, in the variable concentrations hormone, soak 10-20 after second, top integral body is put into the square position, bury with mixed-matrix, only expose the top bud, water permeable; Hormone wherein is: heteroauxin, ABT-1 root-inducing powder, ABT-6 root-inducing powder, and concentration is 0.4-0.6mg/L; Described test-tube plantlet is No. 5, the Gisela of root induction phase or No. 6 tissue cultivating seedling;
(3) cuttage root induction:
In spring, the Qiu Liangji in every year, cuttage on the perlite mixed-matrix; Mixed-matrix wherein is the 2:2:1:1 ratio mixing by weight of perlite, vermiculite, turfy soil, river sand;
(4) management after the cuttage
Guarantee temperature of shed at 26-28 ℃, humidity is sprayed carbendazim 1-2 time every other day 50-60%, spray 1-5 time insecticide after cuttage 5-7 days, each 2-3 days at interval, 10-14 days, observe and whether take root, execute a urea the last week of emerging to impel the healthy and strong growth of seedling; After 14 days, the new root of transplanting a cutting begins to take shape, and seedling forms after 30 days, and can carry out hardening, transplanting this moment.
2. the described method of claim 1 is wherein soaked in the variable concentrations hormone described in the step (1), and the concentration that refers to is 0.4,0.5, the 0.6mg/L heteroauxin; The ABT-1 root-inducing powder; The ABT-6 root-inducing powder soaked 20 seconds.
3. the described method of claim 1, wherein the carbendazim described in the step (3) refers to the aqueous solution of 1250-1670 mg/kg; The time insecticide refers to the aqueous solution of 1250-1670 mg/kg.
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| CN104429976A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-03-25 | 山东省果树研究所 | Efficient detoxification method for sweet cherry rootstocks |
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| CN103609415A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-05 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | Matrix for cultivating liana and method for using matrix for cutting propagation |
| CN103907497A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-09 | 郑兴义 | Rapid cutting propagation method of test-tube plum plantlets |
| CN104429976A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-03-25 | 山东省果树研究所 | Efficient detoxification method for sweet cherry rootstocks |
| CN104429976B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2017-03-22 | 山东省果树研究所 | Efficient detoxification method for sweet cherry rootstocks |
| CN105123479A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-12-09 | 天水市果树研究所 | Water culture transplanting method for cherry tissue culture seedlings |
| CN106069670A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Drupe fruit tree and the tender slightly cottage method of stock |
| CN106069047A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | A kind of difficulty is taken root fruit tree asexual reproduction method |
| CN106069326A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | A kind of difficulty is taken root cherry rootstock Coulter asexual reproduction method |
| CN106857148A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-06-20 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of method that secondary HORMONE TREATMENT promotes the loyal China fir cuttage root-taking seedling of training |
| CN107251797A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-10-17 | 四川森迪科技发展股份有限公司 | A kind of fig tree method for fast asexual propagation |
| CN107494543A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-12-22 | 山东大丰园农业有限公司 | A kind of root-growing agent and its outside sprout-cultivating-bottle method for cherry tissue culture outside sprout-cultivating-bottle radication |
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