CN102112302A - 面部件 - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN102112302A
CN102112302A CN2009801296448A CN200980129644A CN102112302A CN 102112302 A CN102112302 A CN 102112302A CN 2009801296448 A CN2009801296448 A CN 2009801296448A CN 200980129644 A CN200980129644 A CN 200980129644A CN 102112302 A CN102112302 A CN 102112302A
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China
Prior art keywords
face component
webs
layer
plastic
scope
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CN102112302B (zh
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鲁文.塞德勒
彼得.查布雷塞克
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Sefar AG
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Sefar AG
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  • Toxicology (AREA)
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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种由塑料纤维制成的交织的线(12、14)制成的面部件，所述面部件被构造为具有两个相互对置的表面以及形成在其内的缺口(16)的编织的织物幅(10)。根据本发明，建议使织物幅的一侧被金属化以作为表面层，且织物幅的15％至80％、尤其是20％至70％被设计为具有网间隙(16)形式的开放面积。

Description

面部件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的作为编织织物幅的由塑料纤维制成的交织的线制成的面部件。
背景技术
此类设备是现有技术下普遍公知的，并且例如以本发明人的DE102004060105A1的形式作为由打孔的薄膜和纸构成的自粘贴印刷基层公开。此类织物幅设计为正面白色、反面黑色；印刷图案等的施加在白色面上进行。如果此印刷基层安装在窗玻璃或相应的透明的面承载元件上，则印刷从外侧可见为平面的，但观察者从内侧则不能透过黑色的表面向外观察；对于观察者，在白色面侧的印刷图案不可见。此类方法实现了特别地有利的更大的广告面的构造，它一方面从内部是透明的，另一方面会保证阳光防护和视力保护。黑色的反面也具有如下的优点，即，使得经过的观察者关注于另一面侧(假定外部环境更亮)。
同时，此类织物在实践中的使用表明，尤其在考虑外侧的光(阳光)反射的情况下，典型的是在建筑或楼宇领域的应用中，一贯存在对于改进的需求，因为尤其仍需改进对于入射光的反射(且因此改进对内部空间的希望的遮挡)，但这由于已知的外侧的白色着色而仅可在一定限度内得以保证。
发明内容
因此，本发明所要解决的技术问题是在透光性、尤其对于建筑物等的大面积护板的适用性以及补充的视觉和美观效果方面改进本文开头所述类型的带有织物幅的面部件。
此技术问题通过带有权利要求1的特征的面部件解决；本发明的有利扩展在从属权利要求中描述。
在根据本发明的有利方式中，存在塑料纤维织物幅，所述织物幅(仅)在一侧被金属化，而第二表面则保持为(有利地且根据扩展形式黑色地着色的)塑料纤维。
这样设计的织物幅、尤其在作为开放面积的网间隙占织物幅总平面的份额在15％至80％的范围内时，因此为建筑和创造的自由提供了最佳的前提条件：一方面，(优选黑色的)塑料表面作为朝向内部空间的一侧总是在外部空间中提供几乎无干扰的、防眩晕的外观，而金属化的外表面允许了作为吸引人的金属外表面的最大可能的构造自由度，此外所述外平面(如果希望的话)可以以简单的方式通过应用金属底漆效应(Grundierungseffekt)而根据扩展方式进行印刷。对于入射的阳光辐射或类似的环境光线，金属化也被证明是特别地有利的，且根据本发明对于金属、例如Al、Cu、Cr、Ti、Au、AlCu或进一步例如可适当地溅镀(Sputter)或蒸镀(aufdampf)的金属，的有利的单侧施加突出地适合于廉价而同样可靠且高质量的表面构造。
对于金属化，特别优选的是在50nm至200nm范围内的、尤其在60nm至120nm范围之间的施加厚度作为纤维(塑料纤维)上的金属化层厚度是特别地优选的，其中根据扩展，金属化也可以是多层的，例如形式为位于下方的第一金属层(对此，例如Al是合适的)以及设置在该第一金属层上的第二金属层(例如，Au、Cu、AlCu等)的形式。在此，可实现合适的希望的光学效果，也可以以此方式实现对最外侧的可见层的特别有利的附着和/或稳定化。
对于具有根据本发明所给出的开放面积份额的织物幅，织物厚度在100μm至400μm的范围内是特别合适的，进一步优选的是在140μm至260μm的范围内，其中已表明优选的是，趋于更薄的织物幅(即在大致140μm的范围的织物幅)也实现了特别有利的光学效果，如果此薄织物幅与很开放的织物(即在大致70％的范围内)组合出现。
在根据本发明的扩展中，已表明特别优选的是，面部件的织物幅与透明的或部分透明的承载材料(例如玻璃板或塑料板)一起使用，以通过特别合适的方式且在本发明范围内产生模块化的、特别适用于建筑或建造目的面部件。
为此，根据第一优选实施形式，有利的是将单侧金属化的织物幅通过位于中间的膜状塑料层固定在玻璃板或塑料板上，其中，更有利的是使此实施例双重地——三明治式地实现，使得位于中间的织物幅在两侧分别接有塑料膜且然后分别接有玻璃板或塑料板。在膜有利地选择为其厚度有利地在0.2mm至2mm的范围内、且优选在0.38mm至0.76mm的范围内的例如PVB(替代地，PVA、EVA、TPU等)的情况下，可因此在压热处理(Autoklavieren)或真空处理后为避免出现有害的气泡等而这样地生成层压件，所述层压件以特别合适的方式将有利的光学和建筑适用性与高防裂性相组合(其中，根据扩展形式，在此也可特别地将复合玻璃或安全玻璃用作板材料)。
本发明的用于生成模块化面部件的替代的第二实施形式建议，使织物幅在两个玻璃层之间在边缘侧张紧，其中此实施形式合适且有利地建议，使在玻璃层以及单侧金属化的织物幅之间形成的空隙具有真空，替代地填充有保护性气体和/或惰性气体。
为形成也适合于建筑或建造目的但却不限制于此应用领域的模块化面部件的第三变体，建议使织物幅直接插入塑料板之间，其中，随后对塑料板的热处理使得塑料板相应地软化或熔融且形成与织物幅的机械连接，这也带来了前述的有利效果。
本发明提供了产生装饰性表面层的任意可能性。在此，一方面，本发明包括将金属化本身用作装饰性表面层，在此方面，概念“印刷图案”也理解为金属化。替代地，金属化本身也提供了对于要例如通过热升华印刷(Sublimitationdruck)或数码印刷(Digitaldruck)施加在该金属化上的印刷耐磨层的特别好的底漆。金属化不仅有利地适合于作为附着基层，而且可实现对于印刷图案的待设置的另外的印刷在视觉上有吸引力的背光照明或光泽镶边，尤其是如果这种另外的印刷图案(例如关于金属化纤维的横截面形状)在边缘侧留下未印刷的金属化区域。
结果，通过本发明形成了有吸引力的容易处理且高度柔性的面部件，所述面部件将突出的光学特征与例如对于结构、立面和/或建筑区的尽可能好的适用性相组合，因为有利的且根据扩展形式提供的用于将织物幅嵌入在相应的承载结构之间的可能性使最优化的保护和耐候性得以实现，即使是经过长年的使用。
附图说明
本发明的其它优点、特征和细节从下面对优选实施例的描述并结合附图给出，各图为：
图1示出了用于实现本发明的第一实施形式的单侧金属化的织物幅的示意性俯视图；
图2示出了通过由两侧附以塑料膜层以及玻璃板的织物幅组成的作为层压布置的设计的纵向截面；
图3示出了通过带有在两个玻璃层之间张紧的单侧金属化织物幅的绝缘玻璃设计的纵向截面；
图4示出了作为第三实施形式的复合材料的实现，所述复合材料由两个相互机械连接的塑料材料之间的(单侧金属化)织物幅组成；和
图5对于单独纤维分隔开地示出了附加地施加在金属化上的印刷图案的细节视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了织物幅10，所述织物幅10由交织的PU线12、14网状地编织，其中，线网例如以四边形形状限定间隙16的边界。所述间隙作为开放面积形成总面积的大致40％。
线12、14是单纤维合成织物的塑料纤维，其一个表面单侧以金属化(在此为层厚大约80nm的铝)进行蒸镀。
图2在纵向截面中示出了图1的织物幅10如何以双重层压件类型引入到一对玻璃板30(典型地，每个的厚度大约7mm)之间，其中，在各玻璃板30和位于中间的织物幅10之间分别引入了由聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)制成的薄膜32。此装置通过真空中(为避免不利的气泡)的压热处理被这样地处理，使得形成坚固的不可拆卸的复合装置，所述复合装置因其金属化的外侧和由黑色塑料织物组成的可见的织物内侧而突出地适合于多种建造和/或建筑应用，所述适合性特别地通过以图2所示方式形成单模块而实现，所述单模块作为面部件或板可简便地建造。
图3示出了用于实现此类模块的变体：在此，图1的织物幅10在两个玻璃层40之间张紧，其中张紧在边缘侧进行。所形成的空腔42由保护气体填充。此设计也适合于所述的建造或建筑目的(且此外几乎具有无限制的应用范围)。
最后，在图4中作为实施例示出了将图1的织物幅10直接插入一对塑料板50之间的布置；此布置被加热，使得塑料板50的聚合物材料侵入织物幅的间隙内，且因此形成机械稳定的耐久的连接。
此外，所示出的所有变体使在金属化18(图1)上施加印刷图案得以实现；这可在另外的通常方式中通过例如热升华印刷或数码印刷技术进行。
特别有意义的是，如果印刷图案的构造通过相应的印刷过程这样地实现，使得产生在所示的纤维12上的金属化18在边缘侧从印刷层60的下面突伸出的效果，换言之，印刷层关于各半个纤维覆层仅附着到金属化的部分区域，如在图5的细节图中所示，则此类印刷图案与金属化组合进行。以此方式，可以另外已知的方式具有多种色彩的印刷层获得了具有吸引力且实现了创造性自由空间的金属效果。
虽然本发明主要关于用于建筑目的等的模块化构造的面部件描述，但本发明不限制于此。相反，本发明原则上延伸到在其中具有有利光学特征的塑料织物被单侧金属化的任意的面部件。

Claims (12)

1.一种由塑料纤维制成的交织的线(12、14)制成的面部件，所述面部件作为编织的织物幅(10)构造有两个相互对置的表面以及形成在所述表面内的缺口(16)，其特征在于，
织物幅具有在一侧作为表面层施加的金属化，且
织物幅的15％至80％、尤其是20％至70％被设计为具有网间隙(16)形式的开放面积。
2.根据权利要求1所述的面部件，其特征在于，表面层具有金属，所述金属从包括Au、Cu、Ti、Cr、Al、AlCu和/或它们的合金的组中选择。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的面部件，其特征在于，在一侧施加的表面层具有位于下方的第一金属层以及施加在该第一金属层上的第二金属层。
4.根据权利要求3所述的面部件，其特征在于，位于下方的第一金属层具有Al，并且/或者施加在该第一金属层上的第二金属层具有Au、AlCu或Cu。
5.根据权利要求1至4中一项所述的面部件，其特征在于，金属化的厚度在50nm至200nm之间的范围内，尤其是在60nm至120nm之间的范围内，并且/或者金属化通过溅镀或蒸镀施加。
6.根据权利要求1至5中一项所述的面部件，其特征在于，塑料纤维具有单纤维，尤其是由PU或聚酯制成，和/或被着色为黑色。
7.根据权利要求1至6中一项所述的面部件，其特征在于，单侧金属化织物幅的厚度在100μm至400μm的范围内，尤其是在140μm至260μm的范围内。
8.根据权利要求1至7中一项所述的面部件，其特征在于，编织的织物幅至少在所述表面中的一个上、优选在两个表面上以分别位于所述表面之间的膜状塑料层固定在玻璃板或塑料板上。
9.根据权利要求3所述的面部件，其特征在于，膜状塑料层具有膜材料，所述膜材料从包括PVB、PVA、EVA、TPU的组中选择，并且/或者所述膜材料在未处理状态下的厚度在0.2mm至2mm的范围内，尤其是在0.38mm至0.76mm的范围内。
10.根据权利要求1至7中一项所述的面部件，其特征在于，编织的织物幅(10)在两个玻璃层之间在边缘侧张紧，其中，优选在玻璃层之间的空腔具有真空或填充有保护气体和/或惰性气体。
11.根据权利要求1至7中一项所述的面部件，其特征在于，编织的织物幅插入一对塑料板之间，所述塑料板的塑料材料这样地选择，使得作为对由塑料板和位于所述塑料板之间的织物幅组成的层布置的热处理的反应而实现与织物幅的机械连接。
12.根据权利要求1至11中一项所述的面部件，其特征在于，在金属化上施加印刷图案，尤其是通过数码印刷或热升华印刷施加。
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CN102112302B (zh) 2014-05-28
US10358749B2 (en) 2019-07-23
DE202009018782U1 (de) 2013-05-08
DE102008055973A1 (de) 2010-02-11
CA2732870C (en) 2015-12-29
JP5509206B2 (ja) 2014-06-04
EP2323843B1 (de) 2014-09-24
KR20110042345A (ko) 2011-04-26
AU2009278283A1 (en) 2010-02-11
CA2732870A1 (en) 2010-02-11
EP2323843A1 (de) 2011-05-25
PL2323843T3 (pl) 2015-03-31
ES2526215T3 (es) 2015-01-08
JP2011529810A (ja) 2011-12-15
US20190292696A1 (en) 2019-09-26
US11118286B2 (en) 2021-09-14
AU2009278283B2 (en) 2014-12-18
US20110206945A1 (en) 2011-08-25
DE102008055973A9 (de) 2010-07-15
WO2010015391A1 (de) 2010-02-11

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