CN101987576A - 用于显示混合动力车辆的行驶状态的方法和设备 - Google Patents

用于显示混合动力车辆的行驶状态的方法和设备 Download PDF

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CN101987576A
CN101987576A CN2010102488280A CN201010248828A CN101987576A CN 101987576 A CN101987576 A CN 101987576A CN 2010102488280 A CN2010102488280 A CN 2010102488280A CN 201010248828 A CN201010248828 A CN 201010248828A CN 101987576 A CN101987576 A CN 101987576A
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pointer device
display interface
equipment
motoring condition
control setup
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CN101987576B (zh
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W·克鲁克尔
B·米切尔
H·莫拉
K·多尔纳
S·克施尔
P·德里姆尔
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MAN Truck and Bus SE
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MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于显示混合动力车辆的行驶状态的方法和设备,具体而言,涉及用于利用显示界面(2)和附属的指针器件(3)以及用于控制指针器件(3)的控制装置(4)来显示混合动力车辆(16)的行驶状态的设备以及方法。本发明优点在于,借助于控制装置(4),当前的制动状态或加速状态被测定且其后利用指针器件(3)在恒定不变的显示界面(2)上被显示。

Description

用于显示混合动力车辆的行驶状态的方法和设备
技术领域
本发明涉及用于利用显示界面(Anzeigeflaeche)和附属的指针器件(Zeigermittel)以及用于控制指针器件的控制装置(Steuerungseinrichtung)来显示混合动力车辆的行驶状态的设备以及方法。
背景技术
由文件DE 195 33 829 C1已知一种用于在带有电驱动装置或混合动力驱动装置的车辆中监视驱动功率的设备。由此已知的显示仪表具有至少一个用于显示功率极限值的可变的区域标记(Bereichsmarkierung)。利用该已为人所知的设备已知可显示混合动力车辆的行驶状态。然而,在实践中显示出,此类显示装置在可供驾驶员使用的很短的时间中并非总是能够完全地被领会的。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于,创造一种带有改善的可读性(Ablesbarkeit)和信息供应的显示设备。
该目的利用根据权利要求1的特征的设备以及方法权利要求5来实现。本发明的另外的有利的设计方案在从属的权利要求中进行说明。应指出,在从属的权利要求中单独地列举的特征可以任何的在技术上合理的方式彼此组合并限定本发明的另外的设计方案。此外,在说明书中对在权利要求中所说明的特征作了进一步描述和解释,其中,示出了本发明的另外的优选的实施例。
为了实现前述目的,带有显示界面和附属的指针器件以及用于控制指针器件的控制装置的、用于显示混合动力车辆的行驶状态的设备额外地具有至少一个制动区域和一个加速区域,其中,显示界面的信息内容(Informationsinhalt)恒定不变地(unveraenderlich)被确定(festgelegt)。混合动力车辆的行驶状态尤其地理解为三种状态。在此,其为制动状态、加速状态和停止状态。在本发明的范围中,混合动力车辆理解为每种类型的混合动力车辆、尤其是带有串联式和/或并联式混合动力驱动装置的混合动力车辆。此外,指针器件的概念优选地理解为布置在转动轴上的机械式指针。然而此外,其它的指针器件、如举例而言在LCD屏幕上示出的箭头或其它的符号同样可用于在显示界面上显示一定的位置且因此可作为指针器件被使用。同样被使用的控制装置优选地构造成电子数据处理装置,其适合于,在执行一定的预定的程序和规定的情形下作为输入信号的结果而产生至少一个经限定的输出信号。在此,控制装置如此地与指针器件相连接,即,使得指针器件的位置可通过控制装置的输出信号而被预定。
在本发明的一种特别简单且优选的实施形式中,此时作如下设置,即,该设备具有至少一个制动区域和加速区域,其优选地构造在显示界面上且在显示界面上所给出的信息内容恒定不变地被确定。信息内容理解为所示出的信息的类型和范围(Umfang)。在此,举例而言,在日间行驶灯光和夜间行驶灯光之间的转换之际可能出现显示界面的彻底的改变,而不改变其信息内容。现在,通过与简单的指针器件相结合地使用恒定不变的显示界面,如下是可能的,即,以特别简单且因此对于驾驶员而言可快速领会的方式示出由控制装置所测定的行驶状态。为驾驶员免除了不必要的额外信息,且驾驶员可在非常短的时间中领会到,是否为制动状态或加速状态,且此外借助指针器件而读出,是否为优良的或恶劣的制动过程或加速过程(且因此,为在能量方面合理的或较不合理的行驶状态)。在此,始终恒定不变的显示界面使驾驶员免于每次的诠释动作(Interpretationstaetigkeiten)。
在本发明的一种特别优选的改进方案中作如下设置,即,额外地设置有至少一个另外的停止区域,当混合动力车辆不运转地(funktionslos)被停放(abgestellt)时,指针器件指到该停止区域中。由此,可由该设备提供额外的信息。换句话说,在已知的显示中无法识别或很难识别,车辆是不运转地被停放还是运转地(funktionsbereit)处在停车状态中。
此外,特别有利的是,至少制动区域或加速区域被构造用于显示多种不同的行驶状态。在此,两个区域在自身中再次被划分,且使得不同的行驶状态(如举例而言强烈的或较不强烈的制动、强烈的或较不强烈的加速、纯电式制动,纯电式驱动、利用内燃机和电动机的组合式驱动、或利用常用制动器(Betriebsbremse)和电动机的组合式制动)的示出成为可能。
在本发明的一种尤其特别优选的实施形式中进一步作如下设置,即,至少制动区域或加速区域具有优侧(Gutseite)和劣侧(Schlechtseite)。由此,以如下方式而使得对于驾驶员而言在能量方面有利的行驶状态的特别简单的识别成为可能,即,指针器件应尽可能被保持在相应的区域的优侧的区域中。
本发明进一步所涉及的根据本发明的方法的杰出之处在于,借助于控制装置,当前的(aktuell)制动状态或加速状态被测定且此后利用指针器件在恒定不变的显示界面上被显示。该控制装置用于分析不同的信息,如举例而言电蓄能器的存储量、加速踏板运动的动态特性和加速踏板的绝对位置,且借助于指针器件给出相应的信号。在此,控制装置原则上用于,将大量的极为不同的输入信号(其代表了参数和信息)综合成给驾驶员的单个的输出信号。由此,驾驶员以特别有效的方式被免除了诠释任务。然而,除了所提及的示例性的信号或者信息之外,另外的信息,如举例而言发动机温度、地形信息或类似者同样可由控制装置一并考虑。
在此,特别有利的是,当车辆不运转地被停放时,显示停止状态。那么,驾驶员会借助简单的显示而立即识别出,车辆是处在运转的状态中还是在完全不运转的状态中(如举例而言在车辆的停放和泊车的情形下所存在的状态)。由此,驾驶员可与在模拟式转速计中的情况相类似地简单地读出车辆的运行状态。这是特别重要的,因为在现有的根据本发明的车辆中并不产生声学的或机械的反馈(举例而言通过振动或发动机噪声)。
最后,在本发明的另一种特别优选且有利的实施例中作如下设置,即,借助于控制装置,出自多个预先已知的行驶状态的一定的(bestimmt)行驶状态被测定,且该行驶状态依赖于车辆状态而在制动区域或加速区域的优侧和劣侧之间被显示。在此,行驶状态理解为每种与车辆的状况或运动相关的信息。其尤其地为速度、车辆倾斜。
车辆状态又理解为多个参数,如车辆重量、发动机温度、蓄能器的水平、蓄能器的温度等等。由此,能更精确地区分在能量方面合理的和在能量方面较不合理的驾驶方式。那么,举例而言在内燃机被发动的情况中,可在于其中由于空的电蓄能器而无论如何都必需进行发动的情况,和这样的情况(即、在其中内燃机的发动由于过量的功率调用(Leistungsabrufe)而被进行的情况)之间作出区分。在空的电蓄能器的情形下的发动是完全合理的,而归因于过量的功率调用的内燃机的发动表明了一种不经济的驾驶方式。如果此时考虑另外的参量,如举例而言车道坡度或车辆倾斜和车辆重量,则可断定该额外的功率调用是否为完全合理的。然后,这可利用显示界面上的指针器件的相应的位置来给出。除了特别简单的可读性之外,还出现了用于驾驶员的训练效应,从而使得其驾驶方式变得更节能(verbrauchsguenstig)。
在此,行驶状态的示出优选地通过有刻度的显示界面上的指针器件来实现。那么,分配给刻度的值可举例而言在行驶持续时间上和/或在行驶距离上被积分。结果,这导致了一种盈亏调查(Bonus-Malus-Ermittiung),其举例而言可在设备的另外的显示窗口中被输出给驾驶员。
附图说明
下面则借助附图对本发明以及技术环境作进一步解释。应指出,这些附图显示了本发明的特别优选的实施变型,然而本发明不局限于这些实施变型。图中,以示意性的方式:
图1显示了根据本发明的设备的第一种实施形式;
图2显示了根据本发明的设备的第二种实施形式,且
图3显示了根据本发明的设备的第三种实施形式。
参考标号列表
1)设备
2)显示界面
3)指针器件
4)控制装置
5)导线
6)输入端
7)制动区域
8)加速区域
9)停止区域
10)优侧
11)劣侧
12)边界区域
13)过渡区域
14)刻度
15)显示面板
16)混合动力车辆
具体实施方式
在图1中示意性地示出了用于显示混合动力车辆16的行驶状态的根据本发明的设备1。为此,设备1具有带有附属的指针器件3的圆形的显示界面2。指针器件3借助于导线5联结到控制装置4处。控制装置4具有用于不同信号,如举例而言车辆重量、电蓄存器的充电状态、行驶速度、发动机温度和类似者的输入端6。此外,显示界面2被划分为制动区域7和加速区域8。此外,显示界面2具有停止区域9,当车辆完全不运转地被停放时,以虚线示出的指针器件3在该停止区域9中显示。
在此处所显示的实施形式中,制动区域7和加速区域8分享处在中间的优侧10。在制动区域7或者加速区域8的相对而置的一侧处各存在有所属的劣侧11。如果驾驶员此时以在能量方面特别合理的方式来驾驶,则指针器件3主要地在优侧10的区域中运动,也就是说在显示界面2的上部中间区域中运动。如果选择了在能量方面较不合理的驾驶方式,则指针器件3与行驶状态相应地或者在制动区域7中或者在加速区域8中在朝劣侧11的方向上进一步向外运动。
制动区域7和加速区域8都在自身中再次被划分。如果除了电动机的制动功能以外还额外地使用了常用制动器或除了电动机以外还额外地使用了内燃机,则各用阴影线示出的两个边界区域12被指针器件3扫过。
此外,驾驶员可由在图1中示出的实施形式立即得悉,车辆处在已起动的状态中,因为指针器件3处在上半部中,且因此在停止区域9之外。
现在,在图2中示出了根据本发明的显示器1的另一种实施形式,在其中边界区域12额外地在自身中被划分。在此,边界区域12各具有额外的过渡区域13,举例而言,在制动区域7的情况中,在将靠放压力施加到常用制动器上时,只要常用制动器已待命但尚未发挥值得注意的制动效果,则该过渡区域13被扫过。另一方面,在加速区域8的情况中,当发动机已被启动然而还未提供额外的推力时,过渡区域13可被指针器件3扫过。
最后,在图3中示出了一种尤其特别地优选的实施形式,在其中加速区域8具有刻度14。刻度14在所显示的实施例中由无单位说明的数字构成,其中,刻度的数值朝向优侧10增大。刻度的值可举例而言在控制装置中在行驶路程和/或行驶持续时间上被积分,且结果在显示面板15中作为值而被给出。由此,驾驶员会获得关于其驾驶方式的质量的定量的反馈。如果驾驶员在所显示的实施形式中达到了特别高的数值,则这对应于一种特别节省能量的驾驶方式。显然,在本发明的范围中,同样可能的是,按照相反的评分来使用数值,从而使得,特别低的数值对应于特别节省能量的驾驶方式。优选地,在本发明的范围中还考虑,内燃机的额外的使用是否为必需的。换句话说,如果在车辆的电蓄能器没有完全地被放空的情况下内燃机被发动,则这被认为是较不节省能量的且指针器件3在朝劣侧的方向上偏移,由此,积分结果对于驾驶员而言变差。在该另外的情况中,也就是说,内燃机的发动归因于电蓄能器的完全的放空,则指针应在朝优侧10的方向上偏移,因为内燃机的发动不是由于驾驶员的不经济的驾驶方式而实现的。此外,在显示面板中还可至少短时地显示其它的对于混合动力车辆而言重要的信息(这些信息与其余的显示相关联)。
此外应指出,本发明不局限于所示出的实施例。相反,在权利要求的范围中,本发明的数量众多的变型是可能的,而不会偏离本发明的基本思想。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于显示混合动力车辆(16)的行驶状态的设备(1),带有显示界面(2)和附属的指针器件(3)以及用于控制所述指针器件(3)的控制装置(4),其特征在于,该设备具有至少一个制动区域和一个加速区域(7,8),且所述显示界面(2)的信息内容恒定不变地被确定。
2.根据前一权利要求所述的设备,其特征在于,额外地设置有至少一个另外的停止区域(9),当所述混合动力车辆(16)不运转地被停放时,所述指针器件(3)指到该停止区域(9)中。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的设备,其特征在于,至少所述制动区域或所述加速区域(7,8)构造成用于显示多种不同的行驶状态。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的设备,其特征在于,至少所述制动区域或所述加速区域(7,8)具有优侧(10)和劣侧(11)。
5.一种用于利用显示界面(2)和附属的指针器件(3)以及用于控制所述指针器件(3)的控制装置(4)显示混合动力车辆(16)的行驶状态的方法,其特征在于,借助于所述控制装置(4),当前的制动状态或加速状态被测定且
此后利用所述指针器件(3)在恒定不变的显示界面(2)上被显示。
6.根据前一权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,当所述混合动力车辆(16)不运转地被停放时,显示停止状态。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,借助于所述控制装置,出自多个预先已知的行驶状态的一定的行驶状态被测定,且该行驶状态依赖于车辆状态在制动区域或加速区域的优侧和劣侧之间被显示。
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