CN101965449A - 一种将燃料喷入内燃机的燃烧室中的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种将燃料喷入内燃机的燃烧室中的方法及装置 Download PDF

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CN101965449A
CN101965449A CN2008801036836A CN200880103683A CN101965449A CN 101965449 A CN101965449 A CN 101965449A CN 2008801036836 A CN2008801036836 A CN 2008801036836A CN 200880103683 A CN200880103683 A CN 200880103683A CN 101965449 A CN101965449 A CN 101965449A
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fuel
pressure
control valve
valve
flushing
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M·博恩豪普特
J·劳塞克
C·梅斯尔
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B9/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
    • B05B9/002Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour incorporating means for heating or cooling, e.g. the material to be sprayed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0667Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature acting as a valve or having a short valve body attached thereto
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/043Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with cooling means other than air cooling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/06Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F02M57/022Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
    • F02M57/025Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive hydraulic, e.g. with pressure amplification
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F02M59/366Valves being actuated electrically
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/24Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space
    • F23D11/26Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space with provision for varying the rate at which the fuel is sprayed
    • F23D11/28Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space with provision for varying the rate at which the fuel is sprayed with flow-back of fuel at the burner, e.g. using by-pass
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2547/00Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M2547/001Control chambers formed by movable sleeves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2700/00Supplying, feeding or preparing air, fuel, fuel air mixtures or auxiliary fluids for a combustion engine; Use of exhaust gas; Compressors for piston engines
    • F02M2700/07Nozzles and injectors with controllable fuel supply
    • F02M2700/077Injectors having cooling or heating means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/20Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for cooling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0014Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

在将燃料喷入内燃机燃烧室中的方法下,燃料被至少一个前输送泵(2)从燃料箱(1)中泵出,输送到至少一个高压泵(3)中,再由高压泵(3)形成高压油,输送给喷射器(4)。喷射器(4)带有一个喷嘴(5),而喷嘴(5)中内置有可轴向移动的喷嘴阀针(17)。这里,喷嘴阀针(17)被伸到可在压力作用下往其中供入燃料的控制腔(13)中,而该压力由为至少一个进油管(12)或出油管(14)打开或关闭着的控制阀(27)所控制。在前输送泵和高压泵之间,部分燃料被作为冲洗量引出,进而输送到喷射器的冲洗通道(28)中,这里,冲洗量被直接引到控制阀(27)处,以确保至少有部分冲洗量流经控制阀,并有利地与来自进油管或出油管的燃料相混合。

Description

一种将燃料喷入内燃机的燃烧室中的方法及装置
本发明涉及一种将燃料喷入内燃机燃烧室中的方法,在该方法下,燃料被前输送泵从燃料箱中输送给高压泵,并且由高压泵输送的高压燃料被送到喷射器中。喷射器具有带一个可沿轴向移动的喷射嘴阀针的喷射嘴,而喷射嘴阀针浸到一个可被馈入在压力作用下的燃料的控制腔中,这里,其压力由一个打开或关闭至少一个燃料进/出通道的控制阀所控制。此外,本发明还涉及一种将燃料喷入内燃机燃烧室中的装置。
以上所述类型的喷射器,常被应用在共轨-喷射系统中。
用于将高粘度燃料喷入内燃机燃烧室中的共轨系统的喷射器以各种不同的构造形式所公知。在重油情况下,需将重油加热到150摄氏度,以使其达到所需的喷射粘度。而在燃料含大量具有研磨作用的固体颗粒及处于高温状态时,磨损作用自然就会加剧,进而影响到工作可靠性。
一个共轨-喷射系统中的喷射器,原则上具有各种不同的零件,这些零件又通常由一个喷嘴锁紧螺母固定在一起。原本的喷射器喷嘴含有一个喷嘴阀针,而喷嘴阀针可在喷嘴壳体内轴向移动,并具有多个自由表面,沿着这些表面燃料可从喷嘴前腔流到喷嘴阀针的顶端。喷嘴阀针自身还带有一个凸缘,在该凸缘上支撑着一个压力弹簧。喷嘴阀针伸到一个可被供应在压力作用下的燃料的控制腔中。进/出燃料通道分别通过进/出口节流阀与该控制腔相连,并在腔中压力和压力弹簧的弹簧力共同作用下,使喷嘴阀针保持在其闭合位置处。控制腔中的压力由电磁阀控制,而电磁阀在多数情况下都由电磁铁开启。在之对应的布线情况下,开启电磁阀将使燃料经节流阀流出,喷嘴阀针伸入到控制腔中的端面,其上所受的液压保持力将因此而减小,从而使喷嘴阀针被开启。通过这种方式,燃料可经喷嘴孔达到发动机的燃烧室中。
除了出口节流阀,总是还设计有进口节流阀,它们之间的流量差别决定着喷嘴阀针的开启速度。当电磁阀被关闭时,燃料的流出通道被出口节流阀堵塞,从而在进口节流阀作用下,控制腔中将重新形成压力,以使喷嘴阀针关闭。
特别地,对于大型柴油机,基于其所用的燃料、所需的流通截面及电磁阀通电带入的高能量,阀上可能会出现大的热负荷。因此,为避免阀的热损伤,可能需要额外的冷却处理。
对于喷射器的调温或冷却,WO 2006/021014 A1作了示例性公知,即在喷射器中布置额外的重油或机燃料通道,来实现冷却目的。
现在,本发明将着眼于,对前述类型的用于将燃料喷入内燃机燃烧室中的方法作如下改进,即改进控制阀,尤其是电磁阀的冷却。为解决该任务,主要将根据本发明作如下进行,即在前输送泵和高压泵之间引出部分燃料作为冲洗量,并进一步输送到喷射器的冲洗通道中,冲洗量可直接输送给控制阀,以使冲洗量至少部分流经控制阀,从而有利地与来自进/出通道的燃料相混合。此外,冲洗量可导引通过用于给冲洗量调温的热交换器。从进/出通道流出的燃料,在减压到低压水平后必然具有很高的温度,与之相比,由前输送泵和高压泵之间引出的冲洗量的温度则显然要低很多,通过这两类燃料的混合,中间的燃料温度将自混合点起明显降低,从而可显著减小电磁阀的热负荷。由冲洗量和从进/出通道流出的燃料所形成的混合物,至少会部分流经控制阀,因此,电磁阀的热负荷可明显降低。
按照本发明所涉及的方式,无需昂贵的构件(Einbauten),就能使电磁阀实现良好的冷却,即只需由前输送泵和高压泵之间分流出少量燃料,就足以使得电磁阀区域的温度显著降低。这里,冲洗量被导引通过热交换器用于对冲洗量进行预热。通过这种方式方法,可对冷却性能进行调节,即调温处理包括对冲洗量的冷却或预热。此外,同时也可比如在发动机启动之前,对电磁阀进行加热。
按照一种有利的方法,冲洗量在阀元件的阀座区域被输送到控制阀。在该方法下,在前输送泵和高压泵之间引出的冲洗量,直接与从进或出通道流出的燃料在控制阀入口处相混合,以使已被冷却的燃料基本上流经整个控制阀。这里,冲洗量将优先流经控制阀的衔铁枢室,从而,特别是对电磁阀的处于高热负荷下的零件,能起到显著的冷却作用。
冷却性能的调节,可用如下以极其有利的方法实现,即优选借助节流阀或冲洗阀,对由前输送泵和高压泵间引出的冲洗量进行调节。这里,可有利地根据温度传感器的测量值进行调节,而电磁阀或燃料的温度可由温度传感器在电磁阀出口处获得。通过这种方式方法,即可特别简单地实现温度调节。
为确保由前输送泵和高压泵之间引出的燃料的部分量具有足够高的压力水平,从而可用于电磁阀的冲洗和冷却,这里优选采用如下措施,即使燃料在前输送泵作用下达到5-10巴的过压。
本发明的进一步目标在于,创造一种用于将燃料喷入内燃机燃烧室内的装置,且在该装置中,可对电磁阀进行更好的冷却。就此而言,该装置具有一个用于将从燃料箱中输送燃料的前输送泵,一个高压泵,以及一个喷射器。这里,由前输送泵输送的燃料被送到高压泵及由高压泵输送的高压燃料,被输送到喷射器中。该喷射器带有一个喷嘴,而喷嘴又带有一个可轴向移动的喷嘴阀针。喷嘴阀针伸到一个可馈有在压力作用下燃料的控制腔中,且其压力可通过一个打开或关闭至少一个燃料的进/出通道的控制阀所控制。根据本发明,该装置主要的出色之处在于,在前输送泵和高压泵之间,接有与喷射器冲洗通道相连的分支管路,且冲洗通道通往控制阀处,因此,冲洗量至少部分流经控制阀,并有利地与由燃料的进/出通道来的燃料相混合。此外,分支管路,可导过热交换器(31)用于对冲洗量进行调温处理。
本喷射装置的有利改进设计,可由各从属权利要求得出,而相应的优势已结合本发明所涉及的方法中进行了阐述。
下面将借助于一个以示意图表示的实施例,对本发明进行进一步阐述。其中,图1展示了一个模块化的共轨-喷射系统的结构简图,图2展示了沿图1中II-II剖线所得的剖面图,图3展示了沿图2中III-III剖线所得的剖面图。
图1展示了一个按照本发明的模块化共轨-喷射系统的结构简图。燃料被前输送泵2从燃料箱1中抽出,并在高压泵3作用下提升到所要求的系统压力,并被输送到喷射器4中。喷射器4由一个喷嘴5,一个节流挡板6,一个电磁阀7,一个配备有高压蓄压器(图中未画出)的喷射器体8,以及一个将零部件保持到一起的喷嘴锁紧螺母9构成。在静止状态时,电磁阀7被关闭,从而高压燃料可从高压孔10,经过横槽11和进口节流阀12进入喷嘴5的控制腔13中,而从控制腔13经出口节流阀14的出流,则在电磁阀7的阀座15处被堵住。在控制腔13中存在的系统压力和喷嘴弹簧16的力共一起将喷射嘴阀针17压到喷嘴阀针座18上,从而喷射孔24被关闭。
当电磁阀7被操纵时,就是电磁铁25被触发并将电磁阀元件27克服电磁阀弹簧26的力,从电磁阀阀座15中抬起,燃料可自由流过电磁阀阀座15,及燃料从控制腔13,经出口节流阀14,电磁阀衔铁室19,泄流缝20,卸载孔21和低压孔22流回燃料箱1中。在控制腔13中,调节由进口节流阀12及出口节流阀14的流通横截面所决定的平衡压力。其很小,从而喷嘴腔23中的系统压力可将能在喷嘴体32中纵向移动导引的喷射嘴阀针17打开,以使喷射孔24得以释放,从而实现喷射。
在低压孔22中充斥着1-2巴的绝对压力,因此,燃料由于系统压力,流经进口节流阀12,出口节流阀14和电磁阀座15它的温度将显著提高。此外,电磁铁25上出现的电的和磁的损失也将成为额外的热源,从而首先在大流量、在燃料已预热(如重油)及电磁阀7中具有高工作电流时,可能产生关键的零部件负荷。
图2展示了按图1剖面所得的喷射器4的剖面图。这里还可以看到本发明的冲洗孔28。
图3展示了按图2剖面所得的喷射器4的剖面图,且该喷射器带有本发明的冲洗燃料供给系统。在前输送泵2和高压泵3之间的T型段29处,一部分在此处处于5-10巴的过压的燃料被分流出去。冲洗量可通过冲洗阀30控制,并可在热交换器31处进行调温处理。分流量将由冲洗孔28直接引导到电磁阀座15处,在这里冲洗量与从出口节流阀14流出的控制量相混合。由于冲洗量和控制量之间的温差较大,控制量将受到显著的冷却作用,从而,与传统的无冲洗功能的喷射器相比,衔铁室19中的温度明显要小很多。因此,对于电磁阀7的零部件在运行过程中,温度负荷将显著降低,这样,一方面可使寿命延长,另一方面又可通过选择其它的、更少耐温材料而缩减成本。此外,可通过合适地选择热交换器31,来实现冲洗量的预加热。当例如重油被作为燃料使用时,可用经预加热的冲洗量对电磁阀7进行调温处理,以此加速发动机的启动。

Claims (12)

1.用于将燃料喷入内燃机燃烧室中的方法,其中燃料被至少一个前输送泵从燃料箱输送向至少一个高压泵中,并且由高压泵输送的高压燃料送给喷射器,该喷射器具有喷嘴,喷嘴又具有可沿轴向移动的喷嘴阀针,喷嘴阀针伸到可馈以在压力作用下的燃料的控制腔中,其压力由打开或关闭燃料的至少一个进/出通道的控制阀所控制,其特征在于,在前输送泵和高压泵之间,分支出燃料的部分量被作为冲洗量并引到喷射器的冲洗通道中,并且冲洗量被直接送到控制阀,从而冲洗量至少部分流经控制阀,并且有利地与来自进/出通道流出的燃料相混合,冲洗量被导引通过热交换器以进行调温处理。
2.如权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,冲洗量在阀元件的阀座区域上被送到控制阀。
3.如权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于,冲洗量流经控制阀的衔铁室。
4.如权利要求1,2或3的方法,其特征在于,优选借助节流阀或冲洗阀,来调节由前输送泵和高压泵之间所引出的冲洗量。
5.如权利要求1至4的方法,其特征在于,燃料压力被前输送泵供给至5-10巴的过压。
6.用于将燃料喷入内燃机燃烧室中的装置,特别是用于实施如权利要求1至5之一所述方法的装置,包含有至少一个用于将燃料从燃料箱中输出的前输送泵,至少一个高压泵和喷射器,由前输送泵输送的燃料送给高压泵及由高压泵输送的高压燃料,被送到喷射器中,该喷射器带有喷嘴,而喷嘴又带有可轴向移动的喷嘴阀针,喷嘴阀针伸到可馈以在压力作用下的燃料的控制腔中,且其压力通过打开或关闭由燃料的至少一个进/出通道的控制阀可控制,其特征在于,在前输送泵(2)和高压泵(3)之间,接有与喷射器(4)上的冲洗通道(28)相连的分支管路,而冲洗通道(28)通往控制阀(7),从而冲洗量至少部分流经控制阀(7),并有利地与由进/出通道(14)流出的燃料相混合,此外,分支管路上导引通过热交换器(31)以对冲洗量进行调温处理。
7.如权利要求6的装置,其特征在于,分支管路在阀元件的阀座(15)的区域处接入控制阀(7)。
8.如权利要求6或7的装置,其特征在于,冲洗通道(28)设计成控制阀(7)中的孔。
9.如权利要求6,7或8的装置,其特征在于,分支管路具有控制冲洗量的机构,如节流阀或冲洗阀(30)。
10.如权利要求6至9之一的装置,其特征在于,分支管路接入控制阀(7)中,从而可使冲洗量流过控制阀(7)的衔铁室(19)。
11.如权利要求6至10之一的装置,其特征在于,前输送泵(2)用于供应5-10巴的燃料。
12.如权利要求6至11之一的装置,其特征在于,控制阀(7)设计成电磁阀。
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