CN101953405A - Tea mechanization and clean production line - Google Patents
Tea mechanization and clean production line Download PDFInfo
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- CN101953405A CN101953405A CN201010270114XA CN201010270114A CN101953405A CN 101953405 A CN101953405 A CN 101953405A CN 201010270114X A CN201010270114X A CN 201010270114XA CN 201010270114 A CN201010270114 A CN 201010270114A CN 101953405 A CN101953405 A CN 101953405A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tea mechanization and clean production line, which belongs to the technical field of tea processing equipment. The invention provides a tea production line which is mechanized, standardized, automated, serialized, clean and dimensions scaled. The production line comprises various process devices which are composed of a cleaning machine, a dehydrater, a grader, a green-unfolding machine, a green-shaking machine, a rotary-drum removing green machine, a knead entwist machine, a multislot pot type continuous strip-managing machine, a low temperature far infared baker, a WXTL, a treating pot machine, a tea color sorter a high temperature far infared baker and a tea package mechanism, a material conveying mechanism composed of an elevator and a conveyor and a control mechanism composed of a microcomputer and a central control cabinet; the adjacent process devices are respectively connected by the conveyor and the elevator; electrical machines of the various process devices and the electrical machine of the material conveying mechanism both are variable frequency motors which are controlled by the control mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tea machineryization, clean production line, belong to the tea-processing equipment technical field.
Background technology
Six peace green tea produced in Anhui Province tea are one of Chinese ten famous tea, have the tealeaves monolithic and are not with the stalk bud, and the color and luster treasured is green, and playing profit has frost, forms soup look clear and bright green bright, peculiar qualities such as fragrance is aloof from politics and material pursuits, long times of aftertaste.Traditional six peace green tea produced in Anhui Province tea adopt the method for artificial frying to finish to complete, the shaping operation; The method of curing with artificial charcoal fire is finished gross fire, little fire, operation such as serious.The advantage of the manual processing of six peace green tea produced in Anhui Province tea is: when tea making personnel's technical quality is better, can make the superfine product tea of better quality grade, but its output is little.Its weak point shows: technical difficulty is bigger, it becomes the tea quality to be subjected to man's activity serious, inefficiency, use high-quality charcoal resource in a large number, can destroy the ecological balance in tealeaves producing region and bring certain environmental pollution, bad air that produces during charcoal burning or bad product can produce secondary pollution to tealeaves; The chance of staff contact tealeaves is more in the process, and sanitary condition is poor; Tea-making quality varies with each individual, and standardization level is not high, particularly requires the external substantial order of quality homogeneous, and method tea making is difficult to meet the demands by hand, has seriously restricted the development of six peace green tea produced in Anhui Province industries.
Operations such as machine-processed green tea produced in Anhui Province in the market mostly are that the tea grower utilizes the continuous carding machine of small-sized multiple-grooved cooking-pot type to finish to complete, shaping even gross fire, because machine construction is too simple, control procedure also needs to rely on fully artificial, the dependence experience, and its frame for movement can not be finished the required technical process of traditional green tea produced in Anhui Province tea fully, tend to cause complete kick the beam or overweight, temperature is crossed low or high excessively, has influenced the quality that becomes tea.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for solving the processing dispersion that present six peace green tea produced in Anhui Province tea exist; quality heterogeneity and consume great amount of manpower, charcoal resource and environment that is brought and pollution problem provides a kind of mechanization, standardization, automation, serialization, cleans the Tea Production line with scale.
Its technical scheme is: a kind of tea machineryization, clean production line, comprise by cleaning machine, dewaterer, grader, tea leaf tedder, vibration machine, roller fixation machine, kneading machine, the continuous carding machine of multiple-grooved cooking-pot type, the Low Temperature Far Infrared curer, the spreading for cooling machine, grightening pot machine, the tealeaves color selector, each processing apparatus that high temperature far infrared curer and tea packaging machine constitute, feeding unit that constitutes by elevator and conveyer and the controlling organization that constitutes by microcomputer and central switch board, it is characterized in that: be connected successively with elevator by conveyer respectively between above-mentioned each adjacent processing apparatus, wherein, the conveyer belt of conveyer is installed in the below of last processing apparatus discharging opening, and hoist installation is between the charging aperture of the discharging opening of conveyer and back one processing apparatus; The motor of above-mentioned each processing apparatus and the motor of feeding unit are variable-frequency motor, and variable-frequency motor is controlled by controlling organization.
Its technique effect is: because according to six technological requirements of pacifying the processing of green tea produced in Anhui Province flat tea, adopt relevant plant equipment, and the solenoid directional control valve of the variable-frequency motor of each processing apparatus feeding unit and concerned process steps equipment and the electrical power that needs thermal technology's preface equipment etc. are controlled by microcomputer and central switch board, thereby six peace green tea produced in Anhui Province tea mechanizations have been realized, standardization, automation, serialization, clean and large-scale production, it is simple to have solved present six peace green tea produced in Anhui Province tea process equipments effectively, become the tea quality not high, quality is uneven, labor intensive power reaches waste high-quality charcoal resource more, produces environmental pollution and the antihygienic phenomenon of processing environment; Simultaneously, undertaken nobody by elevator and conveyer between each processing apparatus of production line and do not land defeated material, the parts that whole production line contacts with tealeaves all adopt stainless steel or food-grade conveyer belt, central authorities' switch board and microcomputer and each processing apparatus workshop are isolated, also avoided the secondary pollution of tealeaves in process effectively, its health rank can reach the food standard of national regulation; In addition, each processing apparatus is separate, helps the maintenance and the replacing of equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an equipment connection diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a tea leaf tedder structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the continuous carding machine structural representation of multiple-grooved cooking-pot type of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the continuous carding machine front view of multiple-grooved cooking-pot type of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the continuous carding machine vertical view of multiple-grooved cooking-pot type of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of the continuous carding machine U-lag of multiple-grooved cooking-pot type of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a multilayer conveyer belt type spreading for cooling humidifier structural representation.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of tea machineryization, clean production line, comprise each processing apparatus that constitutes by cleaning machine 1, dewaterer 4, grader 5, tea leaf tedder 6, vibration machine 7, roller fixation machine 8, kneading machine 9, the continuous carding machine 10 of multiple-grooved cooking-pot type, Low Temperature Far Infrared curer 11, spreading for cooling machine 12, grightening pot machine 13, tealeaves color selector 14, high temperature far infrared curer 15 and tea packaging machine 16, feeding unit that constitutes by conveyer and elevator 3 and the controlling organization that constitutes by microcomputer 19 and central switch board 18.Be connected successively with elevator by conveyer respectively between above-mentioned each adjacent processing apparatus, wherein, the conveyer belt of conveyer is installed in the below of last processing apparatus discharging opening, and hoist installation is between the charging aperture of the discharging opening of conveyer and back one processing apparatus; The motor of above-mentioned each processing apparatus and the motor of feeding unit are variable-frequency motor, and variable-frequency motor is controlled by controlling organization.
Be respectively equipped with tea even distribution feeding machine 2 between the conveyer belt of the discharging opening of each processing apparatus and corresponding conveyer by controlling organization control.This tea even distribution feeding machine is the disclosed a kind of batcher of Chinese patent CN101703121A, and is even in order to guarantee the tealeaves thickness that falls on the conveyer belt, do not have packing phenomenon.
The discharging opening below of elevator 3 all is equipped with by micro-processor controlled fine amount feeding device with the charging aperture top of processing apparatus.This fine amount feeding device is the disclosed a kind of fine amount feeding device of Chinese patent CN101717005A (not indicating among the figure), and is accurate in order to guarantee feed.
The tealeaves of plucking is sent into tea leaf tedder and is spread out green grass or young crops after cleaning machine 1 spray Cleaning for High Capacity, dewaterer 4 dehydrations and 5 classifications of taper cartridge type grader.
As shown in Figure 2, tea leaf tedder 6 is made up of frame, motor and conveyer belt, uniform and the corresponding suction fan 63 of frame top exhaust fan on the base plate in uniform many exhaust fans 61 of frame top, frame, the feed end top of conveyer belt 62 is respectively equipped with even cloth leaf batcher 2.Suction fan on the frame inner bottom plating sucks dry air, along rectilinear direction through evenly being paved with the bright leaf on conveyer belt, directly discharge from the exhaust fan of frame top after absorbing the moisture in the bright leaf, to strengthen the effect of reducing temperature and humidity, make dark brownish green appropriate dehydration, strengthen the activity of enzyme, cause the biochemical variation of inclusion.
For ventilative, be evenly equipped with 40 orders-20 purpose round sieve on the surface of tea leaf tedder conveyer belt, sieve diameter 1.5-2.5mm, the hole shape of sieve aperture are square or semicircle or ellipse etc.
Bright leaf behind the green grass or young crops of stand is sent into taper cartridge type vibration machine 7 and is shaken green grass or young crops, make dark brownish green under the effect of external force, galling leaf margin part cell tissue, destroy chlorophyll, distribute blue or green smell, overflow tea juice and contact, cause the local enzymatic oxidation of polyphenol compound, utilize the little ferment effect when shaking green grass or young crops to increase tea aroma with air.
Shake bright leaf behind the green grass or young crops and send into electric heating cylinder type water-removing machine 8 and complete, utilize high temperature, the activity of destructive enzyme is rapidly consolidated the quality of established tea.
Tealeaves after completing is sent into kneading machine 9 and is kneaded, and makes tealeaves clasmatosis, extrudes tea juice and adheres to the tealeaves surface, to promote the concentration of millet paste.In order to adapt to the time requirement of whole production line Tea Processing, kneading machine adopts the mode of many parallel connections simultaneously the tealeaves that enters each kneading machine to be kneaded.Be provided with feeding conveyer belt between kneading machine 9 tops in parallel and the fine amount feeding device, the bottom is provided with the discharging conveyer belt.
In order to reach the unique profile of " leaf natural closed-book, shape such as melon seeds " of six peace green tea produced in Anhui Province, carding machine 10 adopts the continuous carding machine of improved multiple-grooved cooking-pot types to finish.Shown in Fig. 3,4,5, it comprises frame, U type multiple-grooved pot, groove pot roller, motor, driving chain, crank, connecting rod, groove pot roller, adds pressure bar and electrically heated rod, be symmetrically arranged with the beam seat 1004 that floats in the both sides of frame 1007, the two ends of unsteady crossbeam 1005 are connected with unsteady beam seat by shock-absorbing spring 1003 respectively, crank 1010 is hinged on the crossbeam that floats, in order to the supporting toggle.Tealeaves is sent into U type multiple-grooved pot through even cloth leaf batcher 2, groove pot inside is embedded with electrically heated rod 1002 in order to the heating shaping, energising rear motor 1008 drives crank through driving chain 1009 and rotates, and the U type multiple-grooved pot that is arranged on frame top by the toggle realization is reciprocating on groove pot roller 1012.Adjustment is arranged on the height of the adjustment screw 1006 on the frame bottom, can change the inclination angle of groove pot, and is different with the coefficient of friction of corrosion resistant plate according to different tealeaves, generally is adjusted into 2-10 °, is beneficial to continuous arranging bar shaping.According to the old tender degree difference of tealeaves, what be equipped with Different Weight in the groove pot adds pressure bar 1013, and adding pressure bar is the long rod of diameter less than groove pot internal diameter, and gauze is wrapped in the outside, and innocuous substances such as tea dust can be filled in inside, to reach different shape needs.
The U-lag bottom semicircle radius R of U-shaped multiple-grooved pot is 30-50mm, and the high H of sidewall is 40-50mm, and wherein a sidewall and vertical angle α are 7-15 ° of (see figure 6).
According to traditional tea-manufacturing technology, the tealeaves after the reason bar shaping needs " drawing little fire ", and this production line adopts infrared low temperature curer 11 to simulate " drawing little fire " technology in traditional tea making, the tealeaves after the reason bar shaping is carried out low temperature cure.
Tealeaves after low temperature cures is sent into spreading for cooling machine 12 and is carried out spreading for cooling.As shown in Figure 7, spreading for cooling machine 12 is a multilayer conveyer belt type spreading for cooling humidifier, its structure is similar to tea leaf tedder, form by frame, motor and conveyer belt, uniform many air-conditionings 1201 of frame top, uniform and the corresponding humidifier 1203 of frame top air-conditioning on the base plate in the frame, the feed end top of conveyer belt 1202 is respectively equipped with even cloth leaf batcher 2.Utilize air-conditioning that tealeaves is carried out forced refrigeration to reduce the time of its spreading for cooling, adopt humidifier that blade is eased back in the spreading for cooling process, be beneficial to the carrying out of next step brightness pot operation.
Tealeaves after the spreading for cooling is sent into grightening pot machine 13 and is carried out on the brightness pot frost, by heat chemistry effect and mechanism, is beneficial to the generation of tea aroma, and the polishing effect of frost by mechanical friction effect generation improves the tealeaves exterior quality and reach color and luster that fixedly tealeaves is dark green etc. on the surface on.
Tealeaves behind the brightness pot selects through tealeaves color selector 14 looks, the removal leaf that wafts, broken leaf is behind the variable color blade, send into far infrared cure box 15 and carry out high temperature and cure (being equivalent to the fire that widens in traditional tea-manufacturing technology), the tealeaves after high temperature cures is sent into tea packaging machine 16 and is packed.
Traditional tea machine testing is generally the surface temperature of pot temperature or heater element, but because the factor of heat transfer rate often causes detected temperature can not reflect actual Ye Wen in good time, accurately, causes easy burnt paste of tealeaves.For overcoming the above problems, green-keeping machine among the present invention, carding machine, grightening pot machine, all need the equipment of thermal technology's preface far infrared curers etc., the closed-loop control system based on the fuzzy pid algorithm of multiple spot is all adopted in its temperature control, its principle is for to be provided with the direct detected temperatures of equally distributed a plurality of infrared temperature sensor at processing space, and the temperature signal of its detection is given microcomputer through cable transmission, behind signal processing analysis, through the difference of the fuzzy pid algorithm judgement of multiple spot with this operation design temperature, the contactor of the central switch board of microcomputer output signal instruction control is carried out switch motion (or adjust the silicon controlled angle of flow and adjust the execution unit power output) thereby control execution unit (motor, the infrared radiation heating plate) duty has and is quick on the draw, it is little to delay time, the characteristics such as robustness that overshoot is little and higher.
The motor of each processing apparatus in the production line and the motor of feeding unit are variable-frequency motor, the solenoid directional control valve of variable-frequency motor and each concerned process steps equipment and need the electrical power etc. of thermal technology's preface equipment to be subjected to central switch board 18 and microcomputer 19 controls, its control signal is by cable 17 transmission.The pulse signal that microcomputer is adjusted element (controllable silicon etc.) and each variable-frequency motor by the switch element (A.C. contactor etc.) and the power of the central switch board of control, thereby turning to and speed of the relevant variable-frequency motor of control, or the action of the relevant solenoid directional control valve of control, or the power of the relevant infrared radiation panel of control etc., make concerned process steps equipment carry out automatic operation according to the parameters of setting such as process time, temperature and requirement.
The parts that contact with tealeaves on the production line all adopt stainless steel or food-grade conveyer belt.
Central authorities' switch board and microcomputer and workshop are isolated, and the workshop of each processing apparatus can be realized unmanned production.
Claims (9)
1. tea machineryization, clean production line, comprise by cleaning machine (1), dewaterer (4), grader (5), tea leaf tedder (6), vibration machine (7), roller fixation machine (8), kneading machine (9), carding machine (10), Low Temperature Far Infrared curer (11), spreading for cooling machine (12), grightening pot machine (13), tealeaves color selector (14), each processing apparatus that high temperature far infrared curer (15) and tea packaging machine (16) constitute, by the feeding unit of elevator (3) and conveyer formation and the controlling organization that constitutes by microcomputer (19) and central switch board (18), it is characterized in that: be connected successively with elevator by conveyer respectively between above-mentioned each adjacent processing apparatus, wherein, the conveyer belt of conveyer is installed in the below of last processing apparatus discharging opening, hoist installation is between the charging aperture of the discharging opening of conveyer and back one processing apparatus, the motor of above-mentioned each processing apparatus and the motor of feeding unit are variable-frequency motor, and variable-frequency motor is controlled by controlling organization.
2. a kind of tea machineryization according to claim 1, clean production line, it is characterized in that: be respectively equipped with uniform distribution batcher (2) between the discharging opening of described each processing apparatus and the corresponding conveyer by controlling organization control.
3. a kind of tea machineryization according to claim 1, clean production line, it is characterized in that: the discharging opening below of described elevator (3) and the charging aperture top of processing apparatus all are equipped with the fine amount feeding device by controlling organization control.
According to the described a kind of tea machineryization of claim 1, clean production line, it is characterized in that: described tea leaf tedder (6) is made up of frame, motor and conveyer belt, uniform many exhaust fans of frame top (61), uniform and the corresponding suction fan of frame top exhaust fan (63) on the base plate in the frame, the feed end top of conveyer belt (62) is respectively equipped with even cloth leaf batcher (2).Kneading machine (9) adopts the mode of many series connection, is provided with feeding conveyer belt between the kneading machine top of series connection and the fine amount feeding device, and the bottom is provided with the discharging conveyer belt.
5. a kind of tea machineryization according to claim 4, clean production line, it is characterized in that: the surface of described conveyer belt (62) is evenly equipped with 40 orders-20 purpose sieve aperture, and the hole shape of sieve aperture is circular square semicircle or oval.
According to the described a kind of tea machineryization of claim 1, clean production line, it is characterized in that: described kneading machine (9) adopts the mode of many parallel connections, be provided with feeding conveyer belt between kneading machine top in parallel and the fine amount feeding device, the bottom is provided with the discharging conveyer belt.
7. a kind of tea machineryization according to claim 1, clean production line, it is characterized in that: described carding machine (10) is the continuous carding machine of multiple-grooved cooking-pot type, it comprises frame, U type multiple-grooved pot, groove pot roller, motor, driving chain, crank, connecting rod, groove pot roller, adds pressure bar and electrically heated rod, be symmetrically arranged with unsteady beam seat (1004) in the both sides of frame (1007), the two ends of unsteady crossbeam (1005) are connected with unsteady beam seat by shock-absorbing spring (1003) respectively, and crank (1010) is hinged on the crossbeam that floats.
8. a kind of tea machineryization according to claim 7, clean production line, it is characterized in that: the U-lag bottom semicircle radius R of described U-shaped multiple-grooved pot is 30-50mm, and the high H of sidewall is 40-50mm, and wherein a sidewall and vertical angle α are 7-15 °.
9. a kind of tea machineryization according to claim 1, clean production line, it is characterized in that: described spreading for cooling machine (12) is a multilayer conveyer belt type spreading for cooling humidifier, it is made up of frame, motor and conveyer belt, uniform many air-conditionings of frame top (1201), uniform and the corresponding humidifier of frame top air-conditioning (1203) on the base plate in the frame, the feed end top of conveyer belt (1202) is respectively equipped with even cloth leaf batcher (2).
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| CN102550714A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-11 | 安徽农业大学 | Electromagnetic follow-up pressure carding machine |
| CN102669317A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-09-19 | 林清矫 | Full-automatic oolong tea production equipment |
| CN102783526A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-21 | 苏和生 | Complete equipment for tea clean automatic fine processing and processing method thereof |
| CN102783525A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-21 | 苏和生 | Closed tea automatic cooling-roasting flavor-extracting system and processing method thereof |
| CN102813014A (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2012-12-12 | 黄山市祁门香茶业有限公司 | Automatic production line for refining of Keemun black tea |
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| CN103875833A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-06-25 | 金丽秋 | Continuous type baking production line for tea leaves |
| CN104012689A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-03 | 浙江省新昌县澄潭茶厂 | Tea frying-packaging all-in-one machine |
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| CN107156339A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-15 | 肇庆市端州区澳蒋科技有限公司 | A kind of tea machinery, cleanly production line |
| CN107836537A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-03-27 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of green tea mechanical production line with double pan-roasting tea machines |
| CN107996745A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of mechanization, which continuously makes, gushes the blue or green method of small stream fire |
| CN108308297A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-07-24 | 尹圣文 | It is a kind of it is accurate stalk leaf proportioning black tea water-removing rub automatically processing device |
| CN108935751A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-12-07 | 曾凯宾 | Tea forming mechanism |
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| CN201444870U (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2010-05-05 | 镇江市丹徒区上党五塘茶林场 | Tea carding vibrating groove |
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| CN2845461Y (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2006-12-13 | 四川茗山茶业有限公司 | Tea production line |
| CN2909850Y (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2007-06-13 | 四川中测量仪有限公司 | Far infrared drum-type tealeaf frying machine |
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| CN104872308A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-02 | 安徽农业大学 | Automatic reciprocating vibrating-type tea carding machine |
| CN105532938A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-04 | 衡阳智源农业科技有限公司 | High-efficiency tea leaf straightening machine |
| CN106720528A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 六安市笑春堂农业开发有限公司 | A kind of green tea cleans processing technology |
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| CN107836537A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-03-27 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of green tea mechanical production line with double pan-roasting tea machines |
| CN107996745A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of mechanization, which continuously makes, gushes the blue or green method of small stream fire |
| CN108308297A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-07-24 | 尹圣文 | It is a kind of it is accurate stalk leaf proportioning black tea water-removing rub automatically processing device |
| CN108308297B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2021-07-23 | 尹圣文 | Black tea fixation rolling automatic processing equipment with accurate stem and leaf ratio |
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