CN101946066A - 燃料喷射控制装置 - Google Patents

燃料喷射控制装置 Download PDF

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CN101946066A
CN101946066A CN2009801053662A CN200980105366A CN101946066A CN 101946066 A CN101946066 A CN 101946066A CN 2009801053662 A CN2009801053662 A CN 2009801053662A CN 200980105366 A CN200980105366 A CN 200980105366A CN 101946066 A CN101946066 A CN 101946066A
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cylinder
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CN101946066B (zh
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长冈大治
中田辉男
大串彰秀
游座裕之
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/08—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a pressure sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • F01N2610/146—Control thereof, e.g. control of injectors or injection valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
    • F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种能够扩大缸外喷射用喷射器的喷射量的下限范围从而对应于幅度更大的喷射量范围的喷射请求的燃料喷射控制装置。具备：对发动机(1)的排气通路(12)内喷射与占空比对应的量的燃料的缸外喷射用喷射器(14)、和控制缸外喷射用喷射器(14)的控制装置(15)，控制装置(15)使求取上述占空比时的喷射器驱动频率变化，使得随着请求喷射量变少而频率阶段性或连续地变低。

Description

燃料喷射控制装置
技术领域
本发明涉及具备对发动机的排气通路内喷射燃料的缸外喷射用喷射器的燃料喷射控制装置。
背景技术
在从柴油发动机排出的排气气体中，包含有颗粒状物质(PM)及氮氧化物(NOX)等。为了收集排气气体中的PM，在发动机的排气通路中设置具有触媒等的过滤器(柴油颗粒过滤器)，为了将由过滤器收集到的PM除去，有在过滤器的上游侧对排气通路内喷射燃烧的方法(参照引用文献1及2等)。
作为对排气通路内喷射燃料的机构，使用低压喷射用的喷射器(汽油发动机用多孔喷嘴或漩涡式喷嘴等)。在该低压喷射用的喷射器的驱动控制中，使驱动喷射器的促动器以一定的驱动频率(例如100Hz)驱动。通过使基于驱动频率求出的占空比变化，来控制喷射器的燃料喷射量。
在喷射器的开阀初期，有针阀(针)不提升而不喷射燃料的称作中断时间(dead time)的期间(占空比是0～10％左右)，在开阀末期，有针阀实质上不关闭的称作稳定时间(stable time)的期间(占空比是90％以上)，所以避免这些中断时间及稳定时间，而在占空比10～90％左右的范围中使用喷射器(参照图5中的喷射量特性(有升压))。
专利文献1：日本特开2002-295298号公报
专利文献2：日本特开2007-315313号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
在使用上述低压喷射用的喷射器作为对排气通路内喷射燃料的机构的情况下，由于排气通路内(缸外)的环境气压比燃烧室内(缸内)低，所以与用于缸内喷射的情况相比能够降低针阀的设置压力，驱动器也能够不进行燃料的升压而使用。由此，在使用上述低压喷射用的喷射器作为对排气通路内喷射燃料的机构的情况下，能够省去使对喷射器供给的燃料升压的的升压电路而降低成本。
但是，在省去了上述升压电路的情况下，因驱动转矩的下降，有上述中断时间延长的趋势。因此，当喷射器的喷射量是少量时发生喷射量的不均匀，喷射器的喷射量的下限范围与将燃料升压使用的情况相比变高(参照图5中的喷射量特性(不升压))。
所以，本发明的目的是提供一种能够将缸外喷射用喷射器的喷射量的下限范围扩大并从而对应于幅度更宽的喷射量范围的喷射请求的燃料喷射控制装置。
解决发明的手段
为了达到上述目的，本发明具备对发动机的排气通路内喷射与占空比对应的量的燃料的缸外喷射用喷射器、和控制该缸外喷射用喷射器的控制机构，上述控制机构使求取上述占空比时的喷射器驱动频率变化，使得随着请求喷射量变少而频率阶段性地或连续地变低。
发明效果
根据本发明，起到以下良好的效果，即，能够提供一种能够将缸外喷射用喷射器的喷射量的下限范围扩大从而对应于幅度更宽的喷射量范围的喷射请求的燃料喷射控制装置。
附图说明
图1是有关本发明的一实施方式的燃料喷射控制装置的概略图。
图2是表示ECU的处理流程的图。
图3是示意地表示输入了相对请求喷射量的驱动频率的表的图。
图4(a)及图4(b)是表示占空比的图。
图5是表示喷射器的喷射量特性的图。
标号说明
1发动机(柴油发动机)
12排气通路(排气管)
14缸外喷射用喷射器
15ECU(控制机构)
具体实施方式
以下，基于附图详细地说明本发明的优选的一实施方式。
如图1所示，发动机(在本实施方式中是柴油发动机)1包括缸(气缸)2、缸盖3、活塞4、吸气口5、排气口6、吸气阀7、排气阀8、缸内喷射用喷射器9等。在由缸2、缸盖3和活塞4划分的空间形成燃烧室10，从缸内喷射用喷射器9对燃烧室10内直接喷射燃料。在吸气口5上连接着吸气通路(吸气管)11，在排气口6上连接着排气通路(排气管)12。
有关本实施方式的燃料喷射控制装置被作为发动机的排气净化装置使用。
该燃料喷射控制装置具备：过滤器(柴油颗粒过滤器)13，设在发动机1的排气通路12中，收集排气气体中的颗粒状物质(PM)；缸外喷射用喷射器14，设在排气通路12中的过滤器13的上游侧，为了将由过滤器13收集到的PM除去而对排气通路12内喷射燃料；以及控制机构(以下称作ECU)15，控制缸外喷射用喷射器14。
过滤器13具有触媒等。
ECU15根据分别设在过滤器13的上游侧及下游侧的排气压力传感器16、17测量的排气气体的压力比及压力差等推定过滤器13中的PM的收集量，在推定的PM的收集量超过规定量并且由设在过滤器13的上游侧的排气气体温度传感器18测量的排气气体温度比规定温度低的情况下，为了使排气气体升温到上述规定温度以上，由缸外喷射用喷射器14执行对排气通路12内喷射燃料的排气管内喷射。
通过使基于缸外喷射用喷射器14的驱动频率求出的占空比变化，来控制缸外喷射用喷射器14的燃料喷射量。
ECU15使缸外喷射用喷射器14(促动器)的驱动频率变化，使得随着请求喷射量变少而频率连续地变低(参照图3)。
在本实施方式中，ECU15在请求喷射量是最多量时，将缸外喷射用喷射器14(促动器)的驱动频率设为高频率(例如100Hz)(参照图4(a))，并且在请求喷射量是最少量时，将缸外喷射用喷射器14(促动器)的驱动频率设为低频率(例如15Hz)(参照图4(b))，使缸外喷射用喷射器14(促动器)的驱动频率随着请求喷射量变少而从高频率(100Hz)到低频率(15Hz)连续地变化(参照图3)。
接着，通过图2说明ECU15的处理流程。
ECU15在存在对缸外喷射用喷射器14的喷射请求时(图2的S1)，从预先输入了对应于请求喷射量的驱动频率的表中，选择对应于请求喷射量的驱动频率(图2的S2)。
接着，ECU15基于对应于请求喷射量而从表中选择的驱动频率，计算占空比，确认计算得到的占空比(指示占空比)是否是规定的下限占空比与上限占空比之间的值(下限占空比＜指示占空比＜上限占空比)(图2的S3)。
并且，如果指示占空比是规定的下限占空比与上限占空比之间的值，则ECU15按照指示占空比驱动缸外喷射用喷射器14(促动器)，由缸外喷射用喷射器14执行排气管内喷射(图2的S4)。
在本实施方式中，在请求喷射量是最少量的情况下，选择比请求喷射量是多量的情况下的频率低的频率(15Hz)，作为缸外喷射用喷射器14(促动器)的驱动频率。由此，如果设燃料的喷射压力相同，则缸外喷射用喷射器14的喷射量的下限成为将驱动频率设为一定(100Hz)时的喷射量的0.15倍(15/100＝1/6.7倍)的喷射量。
即，与将缸外喷射用喷射器14(促动器)的驱动频率设为一定(100Hz)的情况相比，通过使缸外喷射用喷射器14(促动器)的驱动频率可改变为比100Hz低的频率，能够在较低的喷射量范围内使用，能够扩大缸外喷射用喷射器14的喷射量的下限范围(参照图3)。
此外，在本实施方式中，在请求喷射量是最多量的情况下，选择比请求喷射量是少量的情况下的频率高的频率(100Hz)，作为缸外喷射用喷射器14(促动器)的驱动频率。由此，如果设燃料的喷射压力相同，则缸外喷射用喷射器14的喷射量的上限成为与将驱动频率设为一定(100Hz)时的喷射量相同的喷射量。
以上，对本发明的优选的实施方式进行了说明，但本发明并不限定于上述实施方式，能够采用其他各种实施方式。
例如，过滤器13也可以是收集氮氧化物(NOX)的结构。此外，ECU15也可以是使缸外喷射用喷射器14(促动器)的驱动频率变化、使得随着请求喷射量变少而频率阶段性地变低的结构。

Claims (1)

1.一种燃料喷射控制装置，其特征在于，
包括：
缸外喷射用喷射器，对发动机的排气通路内喷射与占空比对应的量的燃料；以及
控制机构，控制该缸外喷射用喷射器；
上述控制机构使求取上述占空比时的喷射器驱动频率变化，使得随着请求喷射量变少而频率阶段性地或连续地变低。
CN200980105366.2A 2008-02-19 2009-02-17 燃料喷射控制装置 Active CN101946066B (zh)

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JP2008037455A JP2009197603A (ja) 2008-02-19 2008-02-19 燃料噴射制御装置
JP2008-037455 2008-02-19
PCT/JP2009/052671 WO2009104590A1 (ja) 2008-02-19 2009-02-17 燃料噴射制御装置

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