CN101945736A - 具有伸缩紧固支承件的工具组件 - Google Patents
具有伸缩紧固支承件的工具组件 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
- B25F5/02—Construction of casings, bodies or handles
- B25F5/021—Construction of casings, bodies or handles with guiding devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
- B25B23/02—Arrangements for handling screws or nuts
- B25B23/08—Arrangements for handling screws or nuts for holding or positioning screw or nut prior to or during its rotation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
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- B25B23/08—Arrangements for handling screws or nuts for holding or positioning screw or nut prior to or during its rotation
- B25B23/10—Arrangements for handling screws or nuts for holding or positioning screw or nut prior to or during its rotation using mechanical gripping means
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Abstract
一种工具组件，具有驱动工具和保持器组件。驱动工具具有壳体、电机、输出构件和用于将输出构件可旋转地联接到电机的传动部。电机和传动部承装在壳体中。保持器组件具有腿部、紧固件引导件和调整机构，腿部可伸缩地联接到壳体。紧固件引导件包括纵向延伸的沟槽和凸轮部，沟槽被构造为支承螺纹紧固件，凸轮部横向于沟槽设置。调整机构将紧固件引导件在与壳体相对的腿部侧上联接到腿部。调整机构被构造为改变沟槽和输出构件的旋转轴线之间的距离。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2008年2月15日提交的美国临时申请流水号No.61/029162的优先权，其全部内容作为参考并入本申请中。
技术领域
一般而言，本发明涉及工具组件，更具体地说，本发明涉及具有用于在螺纹紧固件被钉入工件之前支承螺纹紧固件的器件的工具组件。
背景技术
将如支架之类的物体悬挂在墙壁上时，往往遇到的棘手问题是，需基本同时将物体保持在所需位置、将螺纹紧固件定位在物体的孔中、使螺纹紧固件的头部与和驱动工具联接的刀头结合并操作驱动工具以将螺纹紧固件拧入墙壁中。
美国专利No.5,671,642披露了一种钻头安装工具，用于在螺纹紧固件结合到工件之前定心和支承螺纹紧固件。该装置包括需要相对于螺纹紧固件进行调整的多个爪状件。而且，此装置相对较大且笨重，致使钻头的总体长度增加。
因而，在所属领域中需要一种工具组件，其具有驱动工具且具有相对较小、紧凑且轻质的器件，以便在螺纹紧固件拧入工件之前选择性地支承螺纹紧固件。
发明内容
在一种形式中，本发明提供了一种具有驱动工具和保持器组件的工具组件。驱动工具具有壳体、电机、输出构件和用于将输出构件可转动地联接到电机的传动部。电机和传动部承装在壳体中。保持器组件具有腿部、紧固件引导件和调整机构，该腿部可伸缩地联接到壳体。紧固件引导件包括纵向延伸的沟槽和凸轮部，沟槽被构造为支承螺纹紧固件，凸轮部横向于沟槽设置。调整机构将紧固件引导件在与壳体相对的腿部侧上联接到腿部。调整机构被构造为改变沟槽和输出构件的旋转轴线之间的距离。
可应用性的其他方面可从本说明书所提供的描述中得到理解。应理解的是，这些描述和具体例子仅用于图解说明目的，并不意味着限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
本说明书中描述的附图仅为了图解说明，而不是以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
图1是根据本发明的教导构造的一示例性工具组件的透视图，本示例性工具组件包括保持器组件，图中示出了保持器组件处于伸出位置的情况；
图2是与图1类似的透视图，但示出的是保持器组件处于缩回位置的情况；
图3是图1所示的示例性工具组件的部分端视图，其更详细地示出了保持器组件的一部分；
图4是保持器组件的一部分的纵向截面图，其显示了一示例性调整机构的构造；
图5是保持器组件的一部分的透视图，其更详细地显示了紧固件引导件和调整机构；
图6是图1所示的示例性工具组件的透视图，其显示了紧固件的头部，该头部与紧固件引导件上的凸轮部协同作用，以沿远离紧固件的方向驱动紧固件引导件；
图7是用于调整紧固件引导件的位置的另一示例性调整机构的透视图；
图8是图7所示调整机构的透视、部分截面图；
图9示意性地示出了根据本发明教导构造的另一示例性工具组件；
图10到23显示了根据本发明教导构造的另一工具组件的一些部分，其中：
图10是工具组件的一部分的分解透视图，其示出了壳体的凸部和保持器组件；
图11是图10所示工具组件的那部分的底视图；
图12是从壳体的凸部拆下的离合环(clutch ring)的分解透视图；
图13是联接到壳体凸部的离合环的透视图；
图14是从保持器组件的腿部的弹簧臂拆下的弹簧透视图；
图15是保持器组件的弹簧臂的透视图，其结合到形成于工具组件壳体中的掣子沟道中；
图16是与壳体凸部中的突出部接触的腿部止动部的底部平面图；
图17是子组件的透视图，该子组件包括壳体的一部分、电机、传动部、离合部(clutch)和输出构件；
图18是显示了从图17所示子组件拆下的开关组件的分解透视图；
图19是联接到显示于图17所示子组件的开关组件的透视图；
图20是具有壳体凸部的图17所示子组件的组装分解透视图；
图21是工具组件的一部分的分解透视图，其显示了将离合部的一部分联接到离合环的情况；
图22是工具组件一部分的分解透视图，其显示了将开关组件的弹簧联接到离合环的情况；
图23的透视图示出了工具组件的一部分；
图24到27示出了根据本发明教导构造的另一工具组件的一些部分，其中：
图24是所述工具组件一部分的分解透视图，其示出了调整机构和工具组件的紧固件引导件的一部分；
图25是图24所示的工具组件那部分的纵向截面图；
图26的分解透视图显示了调整机构和工具组件的紧固件引导件的更完整部分；
图27是紧固件引导件的透视、部分截面图；
图28是与图25类似的截面图，但示出了不同构造的紧固件引导件；
图29是根据本发明教导构造的另一示例性驱动工具的透视图；
图30是图29所示驱动工具的一部分的分解透视图；
图31是图29所示驱动工具的一部分的分解透视图，其更详细地显示了离合部组件和传动组件的一些部分；
图32的分解透视图示出了将凸部和调整圈组装到掣子弹簧的情况；
图33是图29所示驱动工具的一部分的透视图，其更详细地显示了电机、传动组件及离合部组件和壳体的一些部分；
图34是图29所示驱动工具的一部分的侧面正视图，其更详细地显示了电机、传动组件和离合部组件的一些部分；
图35是根据本发明教导构造的另一驱动工具的一部分的分解透视图；
图36是图35所示驱动工具的一部分的透视图；
图37是图35所示驱动工具的一部分的侧面正视图，其更详细地显示了电机、传动组件和离合部组件的一些部分；
图38是图35所示驱动工具的一部分的透视图，其更详细地显示了离合部组件的一些部分；
图39是图29所示驱动工具的一部分的局部切除透视图；
图40是图29所示驱动工具的一部分的后部正视图，其更详细地显示了电机和开关机构；
图41是图29所示驱动工具的顶部平面图。
具体实施方式
参见附图中图1，根据本发明教导构造的工具组件总体由附图标记10表示。工具组件10可包括驱动工具12、保持器组件14、和刀头16。驱动工具12可以是被构造为提供旋转输出的任何类型的工具，如上螺帽器(nutrunner)、改锥、钻头/螺丝起子或锤钻/螺丝起子，且可以通过任何所需器件提供动力，包括电动器件、气动器件和/或液压器件。在所提供的此具体例子中，驱动工具12是电池供电的改锥，其包括基本L形的壳体20、电机22、传动部24、输出构件26和电池28。
壳体20可限定本体30、把手32和安装部34。本体30可具有空腔(未具体示出)，电机22和传动部24可容纳在该空腔中，同时把手32可具有空腔(未具体示出)，电池28可容纳在该空腔中。安装部34可在与把手32的相反侧联接到本体30或与本体形成为整体，并限定出纵向延伸的狭槽38和凹部42，狭槽38大体平行于输出构件26的旋转轴线40，凹部42可在延伸经过输出构件26的旋转轴线40的竖直平面中位于输出构件26下方。在所提供的本例中，安装部34包括弓形壁构件46，该构件可在本体30的凸部48前方延伸(但在输出构件26的端部的轴线后方)，以在保持器组件14位于如图2所示的缩回位置时屏蔽或保护保持器组件14。
传统的触发开关50可电联接到电池28，而电机22可承装在壳体20中。可用触发开关50选择性地将来自电池28的电能分配到电机22。传动部24可以是可将输出构件26联接到电机22的任何类型的传动部，而在所提供的本例中，传动部是单速、三级行星式传动部，其接收的输入来自电机22并将旋转输出提供到输出构件26。尽管未示出，驱动工具12可包括转矩离合部，用于限制在电机22和输出构件26之间传递的转矩大小。输出构件26可以按常规方式构造，用以可释放地接收刀头16。刀头16可以是任何市售的用于驱动螺纹紧固件的刀头。
参见图2到5，保持器组件14可包括腿部60、紧固件引导件62和调整机构64，该调整机构用于调整紧固件62相对于腿部60的高度。腿部60可滑动地容纳在安装部34中的纵向延伸狭槽38中，以便可伸缩地联接到壳体20。止动构件S(图9)可联接到腿部60的近端PE(图9)；止动构件S(图9)可接触壳体20，以防止腿部60在保持器组件14定位于伸出位置(图1)时从壳体20缩回。在所提供的此具体例中，沿横向截面观察时，腿部60具有弓形形状，此形状使同心地围绕传动部24的腿部60的上表面和下表面66和68分别定位，以及增加腿部60的刚性，使得腿部60较强固且易于装到驱动工具12中。尽管将腿部60显示为成形为单一体，应理解的是，腿部60可以由彼此可伸缩地联接的两个或多个相连段形成。
紧固件引导件62可包括纵向延伸的沟槽70和凸轮部72。沟槽70可以是基本V形的沟槽，其具有一对横向壁构件76，所述壁构件被构造为支承螺纹紧固件F(图1)，该紧固件容纳在沟槽70中。可以以任何期望的方式构造沟槽70的轮廓，而在所提供的本例中，在横向壁构件76的交点处采用与附图标记10的螺纹紧固件半径相应的半径78。凸轮部72可形成在紧固件引导件62的后侧上且可包括倾斜表面80，该表面向后(朝向壳体20的本体30)且向下(远离输出构件26的旋转轴线40)逐渐变小。可将倾斜表面80构造为平坦的平表面，如图5所示，或可以是如图7所示的截头圆锥形表面。紧固件引导件62的至少一部分可以是磁性的，以磁性吸引含铁紧固件并使含铁紧固件座落在沟槽70中。在所示实施例中，紧固件引导件62包括基部82和离散的磁体84，该磁体可联接到基部82。离散的磁体84可部分地限定横向壁构件76和/或半径78并可用具有强磁性的材料形成，诸如镍-铁-硼或钐-钴。
调整机构64将紧固件引导件62联接到与壳体20相对侧上的腿部60。可将调整机构64构造为沿竖直方向在腿部60和输出构件26的旋转轴线40之间选择性地定位紧固件引导件62。换句话说，将调整机构64构造为可改变沟槽70和旋转轴线40之间的距离。调整机构64可包括筒状件90、活塞92、帽94和弹簧96。筒状件90可以是中空的管状结构，其可限定出具有非圆形的横截面形状(例如六角形形状)的内部腔室100。可将筒状件90联接到腿部60的远端DE。活塞92可包括第一部分110和第二部分112。第一部分110可容纳在内部腔室100中且尺寸为可滑动但不能旋转地结合筒状件90(例如第一部分110可具有六边形形状，该形状与内部腔室100的六边形形状相应)。尺寸比第一部分110小的第二部分112可从第一部分110向上延伸且可固定但不能旋转地联接到紧固件引导件62，以便将沟槽70定向为平行于输出构件26的旋转轴线40。帽94可联接到与腿部60相对的筒状件90的端部，且可包括圆形孔114，活塞92的第二部分112穿过该孔而被容纳，该部分在所示具体例子中呈圆柱形。弹簧96可容纳在位于腿部60和活塞92的第一部分110之间的内部腔室100中，且可沿远离腿部60的方向偏压活塞92。一个或多个弹簧引导件可用于引导弹簧96。例如，可以是圆柱形形状的第一弹簧引导件116可从腿部60延伸且容纳在弹簧96的内部中，而可以是圆柱形凹部的第二弹簧引导件可形成于活塞92的第一部分110中，用于容纳弹簧96。应理解，活塞92可以以各种不同方式“用键”固定到腿部60，严格来讲，应理解为所公开的具体例子不是以任何方式限制本发明的范围。例如，所属领域技术人员从本发明中可以想到，内部腔室100可以是圆柱形形状，活塞92的第一部分110可以具有相应的圆形截面，活塞92的第二部分112可具有非圆形的横截面形状，而帽94中的孔114的尺寸和方位可以使活塞92相对于腿部60以所需方位排布。
下文将参见图1详细描述工具组件10的操作。在操作中，腿部60可伸到所需位置，以支承螺纹紧固件F，同时螺纹紧固件F的头部H与刀头16结合，且与凸轮部72间隔开。将螺纹紧固件F的末端T推进工件W时(图6)，使用者可促动驱动机构12(经由触发开关50，以启动刀头16的旋转)。保持器组件14可在螺纹紧固件F旋转并开始旋入工件W时(图6)支承螺纹紧固件F。参见图6，保持器组件14(例如腿部60)与工件W之间的接触在螺纹紧固件F被拧入工件时将腿部60推入安装部34，使得紧固件引导件62沿螺纹紧固件F向后行进。在螺纹紧固件F结合到刀头16且可螺旋地结合到工件时，螺纹紧固件F的头部H和凸轮部72之间的接触使得紧固件引导件62远离输出构件26的旋转轴线40竖直向下运动，以使得螺纹紧固件F的头部H可被驱动经过紧固件引导件62并进入工件W。
保持器组件14被定位在缩回位置中时，如图2所示，调整机构64可定位在凹部42中且紧固件引导件62可定位为邻靠驱动工具12上的所需表面(例如可将紧固件引导件62定位在壳体20附近且设置为与输出构件26成一竖行，使得输出构件26容纳在沟槽70中并邻接限定出沟槽70的横向壁构件76(图4))。
图7和8显示了一可替换的调整机构64a，其可包括筒状件90a、活塞92a、调整环120和卡扣环122。筒状件90a可联接到腿部60并可限定出中空的圆柱形内部腔室100a和纵向延伸的引导狭槽126。活塞92a可包括第一部分110a和第二部分112a，第一部分可容纳在内部腔室100a中且固定地但不可旋转地结合到紧固件引导件62，第二部分112a基本垂直于第一部分110a地延伸到引导狭槽126中。调整环120可绕筒状件90a接收且可包括内部螺旋沟槽或螺纹130，活塞92a的第二部分112a可容纳在该沟槽或螺纹中。卡扣环122可装配到周向沟槽134，该沟槽绕筒状件90a形成且可阻挡调整环120从筒状件90a脱开。调整环120的旋转可以实现第二部分112a的相应竖直运动，以允许使用者选择性地升起或降低活塞92a和紧固件引导件62。
在图9中，工具组件10a与工具组件10(图1)基本类似，只是驱动工具12a可包括光源200且保持器组件14a可包括照亮管202。可包括一或多个发光二极管的光源200可电联接到电池28和触发开关50，且可产生能射进照亮管202中的光。照亮管202可以是离散结构，该结构可联接到腿部60或可与腿部60整体地形成。照亮管202可用如聚碳酸酯之类的透明材料形成，且构造为捕获由光源产生的光并将捕获的光传递到照亮管202的远端DE。照亮管202的远端DE可构造有各种结构部(features)，以便按所需方式反射、引导并扩散通过照亮管202传播的光。例如，可将照亮管202的远端DE上的第一表面210构造为将穿过照亮管202传播的光全部在内部反射到第二表面212，并可将第二表面212按所需方式构造为扩散被反射的光，以便在所需区域照亮工件(未示出)。应理解的是，可以将覆层施加到照亮管202和壳体20内部，以增加被照亮管202捕获和/或保持的光量。例如，可将壳体20的内表面和纵向延伸的外表面涂覆白色，以反射光(在壳体20中和/或在照亮管202中)。
图10到23示出了根据本发明教导构造的另一工具组件的一部分。此处没有描述的工具组件的那些部分类似于或等同于上述工具组件10和/或下文将详细描述的工具组件810的那些部分。具体参见图10和11，驱动工具的凸部48b显示为包括前凸缘300和一对弹簧臂302。前凸缘300可包括安装部34b，该安装部具有纵向延伸的狭槽38b，保持器组件14b的腿部60b可接收在狭槽中。除非下文作出提示，保持器组件14可以基本类似于上述保持器组件14(图1)。腿部60b的近端PE可包括一对弹性锁定腿部310，该弹性锁定腿部朝向彼此可被挤压，如图11所示，以允许腿部60b的近端PE容纳在纵向延伸的狭槽38b中。调整机构64b可包括两件式容器状结构320，该结构具有下部部分322和上部部分324，下部部分的尺寸被确定为能接收偏压弹簧(未具体示出)和紧固件引导件62b，上部部分可限定出窗口328，紧固件引导件62b的一部分伸过该窗口。尽管未示出，应想到，紧固件引导件62b可包括绕其周边延伸的凸缘；凸缘的尺寸可以比窗口328的尺寸大，以使得偏压弹簧不会将紧固件引导件62b推出容器状结构320。
参见图12和13，可将离合环330推到弹簧臂302上，以可旋转地将离合环330联接到凸部48b。应理解，可将离合环330构造为接收来自操作者的输入，以将离合部(例如图17中的离合部25)设定到从多个离合部设定位置中选出的离合部设定位置。弹簧臂302包括可径向朝外延伸的肋332，这些肋协同作用以限定出比离合环330的内侧直径大的外侧直径。离合环30和肋332之间的接触使得弹簧臂302向内偏离，但当离合环330经过肋332上时弹簧臂302可向外偏离。在这种情况下，肋332可防止离合环330离开凸部48b。一旦可旋转地联接到凸部48b，离合环330的尺寸可以使得离合环330的内侧表面330a支承腿部60b的下表面68b。
在图14和16中，弹簧340可联接到腿部60b的近端PE，以有助于沿向外的方向偏压锁定腿部310。在所提供的例子中，弹簧340是弹性钢丝弹簧，该弹簧被接收在形成于腿部60b的近端PE的弹簧沟槽342中。向外偏压的锁定腿部310包括止动部S和掣子346。止动部S可抵靠相应的突出部348，该突出部通过凸部48b限定，以防止腿部60b与凸部48b脱开。
在图17-24中，可对电机22b、传动部24b、离合部25和输出构件26b进行组装并将其安装到半个蚌式壳20’。所属领域技术人员应理解，半个蚌式壳20’可形成驱动工具(未具体示出)的壳体(未具体示出)的一部分。可将可包括开关构件352和弹簧354的开关组件350联接到半个蚌式壳20’。
在图20到23中，可将电机22b、传动部24b、离合部25、输出构件26b、半个蚌式壳20’和开关组件350的子组件联接到凸部48b和离合环330。输出构件26b可容纳于凸部48b中，离合部螺母360可对准离合环330中的纵向延伸沟槽362，而弹簧354可被接收在形成于离合环330中的多个掣子沟槽368之一中。附加参见图15，可使锁定腿部310的掣子346与纵向延伸的掣子沟道370结合，该沟道限定出壳体20b中纵向延伸的狭槽38b的一侧。掣子沟道370可包括多个掣子构件，如带沟槽的表面，这些表面可配合地结合掣子346中的相应一个，以将腿部60b相对于壳体20b定位在所需位置。将掣子346结合到掣子沟道370可在腿部60b的位置改变时向使用者提供触觉和听觉反馈，以及在腿部60b和壳体20b之间提供控制侧隙。
具体参见图20和23，将保持器组件14b定位到完全缩回位置可允许凸部48b上的凸轮部380接触紧固件引导件62b的凸轮部72b，以将紧固件引导件62b竖直向下地促动到缩回位置。
具体参见图23，工具组件10b可包括光源500，该光源可包括发光二极管或其他合适的光源，可将光源装在壳体20b中且选择性地启动以照亮所需区域。在所提供的此例中，通过按压触发开关50来选择性地启动光源500，而一旦被照亮，可经由计时器(未示出)在预定时间内保持光源500处于照明状态，可将计时器电连接到如电池之类的工具电源以及触发开关50和光源500。
图24到27中显示了可供选择的保持器组件14c的构造。保持器组件14c可包括腿部60c、紧固件引导件62c和调整机构64c。参见图25和28，紧固件引导件62c可包括模制塑料本体600、防磨耗板602和磁体604，防磨耗板可用如不锈钢之类的合适材料形成。防磨耗板602可以任何期望方式联接到本体600，如经由镶入式模制。本体600可限定弹簧引导件606、磁体孔608和一对凸缘610，可将磁体孔构造为接收磁体604，所述凸缘对可沿紧固件引导件62c的横向侧延伸。
调整机构64c可包括第一壳体部分620、第二壳体部分622、弹簧624和一对紧固件626。第一壳体部分620可与腿部60c整体形成且可包括前壁630、一对侧壁632和底壁634，它们共同限定出空腔638。侧壁632可包括延伸到空腔638中的部分639。弹簧624可安装在弹簧引导件606上，且紧固件引导件62c可滑动地沿基本平行于侧壁632的方向通过第一壳体部分620的开放端640被接收。应理解的是，弹簧624可接触底壁634并向上促动紧固件引导件62c进入空腔638中。凸缘610和侧壁632的向内延伸部分639之间的接触可限制紧固件引导件62c沿从空腔638向外的方向运动，如图27所示。第二壳体部分622可以是覆盖件状结构，可将该结构构造为关闭第一壳体部分620的敞开端640。在所提供的例子中，采用紧固件626以便固定地但可拆卸地将第二壳体部分622联接到第一壳体部分620。
可任选的是，诸如滚针这样的引导销650可穿过腿部60c/第一壳体部分620被接收和结合到腿部60c/第一壳体部分620，并接收在可形成于弹簧引导件606中的引导孔652中。引导销650可与紧固件引导件62c协同作用，以确保紧固件引导件62c仅沿平行于引导销650的方向移动。
图28的例子显示了又一紧固件引导件62d。在该例中，紧固件引导件62d基本类似于紧固件引导件62c(图25)，只是其包括本体600d，该本体用如锌这样的合适的材料一体形成，且磁体孔608上方的区域700相对较薄，使得磁体604的磁场足够强，而将紧固件(未示出)保持到紧固件引导件62d。
参见附图中的图29，根据本发明的教导构造的驱动工具总体用附图标记810表示。驱动工具810可以是被构造为可提供旋转输出的任何类型的工具，如上螺帽器、改锥、钻头/螺丝起子或锤钻/螺丝起子，且可以任何期望方式提供动力，这些方式包括电的、气动的和/或液压方式。在所提供的具体例子中，驱动工具810是电池供电的改锥，其包括壳体组件820、电机822、传动组件824、输出构件826、离合部组件828和电池830。电机822和电池830的结构可以是常规的，因而此处不再赘述。
附加参见图30，壳体820可包括一对半壳体850、横带(fascia)构件852和凸部854。半壳体850可共同限定出本体860和把手862(显示于图29)。本体860可限定出空腔864，电机822和传动组件824可容纳在该空腔中，且在本体860端部处的横带孔866与把手862相对。把手862可具有空腔(未具体示出)，电池830可容纳在该空腔中。横带构件852可被构造为关闭横带孔866并可被容纳在半壳体850之间在相应沟槽868中，该沟槽形成于半壳体850中。横带构件852可包括弹簧安装部870、多个离合部装定标记和一对轭状部874。离合部装定标记可与横带构件852的其余部分整体形成和/或可以以合适的方式(例如粘结联接、热锻压)联接到横带构件852的其余部分。凸部854可包括前凸缘880和一对弹簧臂882。弹簧臂882的第一端可联接到前凸缘880，而径向延伸的肋884可形成在与前凸缘880相对的第二端上。
常规的触发开关890(显示于图29)中可电连接到电池830和电机822且可装在壳体820中。触发开关890可用于选择性地将电能从电池830分配到电机822。
参见图30和31，传动组件824可包括传动部900和齿轮箱902。传动部900可以是任何类型的传动部，但在所提供的例子中，是单速、三级的行星类型传动部，其接收的输入来自电机822并将旋转输出提供给输出构件826。可将齿轮箱902构造为承装传动部900。在所提供的具体例子中，齿轮箱902包括半壳构件910，其限定出周向延伸的壁912，传动部900保持在该壁中。齿轮箱902可以以常规且公知的方式联接到电机822，以将电机822的输出轴(未示出)与传动部900对准。齿轮箱902也可以常规且公知的方式联接到壳体820(如凸台和肋之类的互连结构部)，以防止传动组件824相对于半壳体850作轴向和/或旋转运动。在所提供的具体例子中，螺钉914可穿过半壳体850的相关的一个而被接收，且可螺纹结合到齿轮箱902上的凸台916。横带构件852的轭状部874可套在(fitted over)凸台916上，以有助于将横带构件852轴向地固定到半壳体850；当螺钉914被紧固时轭状部874被夹在半壳体850和齿轮箱902之间。
输出构件826可以是任何类型的构件，如夹头。在所提供的例子中，输出构件826包括中空的端部920，该端部被构造为接收并配合地结合标准的市售的具有1/4英寸凸六边形端部的刀头(未示出)。
离合部组件828可包括离合部本体950、多个离合部元件952、止推构件954、离合部弹簧956、离合部螺母958、掣子弹簧960和调整圈962。离合部本体950可与齿轮箱902整体形成且可包括端壁970和管状的带外螺纹的部分972，输出构件826可穿过该部分被接收。端壁970可关闭与电机822相对的齿轮箱902的一侧，且可包括多个通孔974，离合部元件952可穿过该通孔被接收。带外螺纹的部分972具有多个平行的、非连接的螺纹976。在所提供的具体例子中，带外螺纹的部分972具有三个平行的、非连接的螺纹976a、976b和976c(即三头螺纹)。这些离合部元件952可以是球或销且可被接收在通孔974中的相应孔中并抵靠离合部面980，该离合部面可形成在与传动部900的最后一级(即输出级)相关联的环形齿轮990的轴向端上。止推构件954可以是垫圈，该垫圈可被容纳成遍布离合部本体950的带外螺纹的部分972且抵靠离合部元件952。离合部弹簧956可被接收为遍布离合部本体950的带外螺纹部分972且可抵靠止推构件954。离合部螺母958可以是环形结构，其具有内螺纹孔1000和径向朝外延伸的柱1002，该内螺纹孔可以螺纹结合到离合部本体950的外螺纹部分972。
参见图30和32，掣子弹簧960可用于阻止调整圈962相对于横带构件852运动。在所提供的具体例子中，掣子弹簧960是片簧，其具有掣子构件1010和一对设置在掣子构件1010的相对侧上的结合构件1012。结合构件1012可结合到形成于弹簧安装部870上的安装结构1020，借此将掣子弹簧960联接到横带构件852。
可将调整圈962构造为接收来自驱动工具812的使用者的手动输入并将输入传递到离合部螺母958。调整圈962可以是环形结构，该环形结构可旋转地安装到前凸缘880和径向朝外延伸的肋884之间的弹簧臂882上，从所公开的内容可以理解，可将调整圈962推到弹簧臂882上。调整圈962和肋884之间的接触将使得弹簧臂882向内偏离，但是一旦调整圈经过肋884后，悬臂的弹簧臂882可向外偏离。在此情况下，肋884可防止调整圈962与凸部854脱离。肋884也可结合在形成于半壳体850中的相应肋1030之间，借此将凸部854联接到半壳体850。据此，可以理解，半壳体850彼此联接将同时将横带构件852和凸部854夹持或锁定到半壳体850。
调整圈962可包括狭槽1040和多个周向间隔开的掣子凹部1042，所述狭槽可纵向延伸穿过调整圈962。柱1002可接收在狭槽1040中，使得调整圈962的旋转可导致离合部螺母958的相应旋转(和移动)。可以理解，在本替换例中，柱1002可联接到调整圈962，且狭槽1040可形成在离合部螺母958中。
掣子弹簧960的掣子构件1010可接收在掣子凹部1042之一中，并可弹性地结合调整圈962，以阻止调整圈962和离合部本体950之间相对转动。掣子构件1010和掣子凹部1042允许离合部螺母958沿离合部本体950的外螺纹部分972定位在多个预定的离合部设定位置处，每个设定位置与不同离合部转矩关联(即在离合部组件828脱开结合由此限制转矩在输出构件826和传动部900之间传递时的转矩)。所述预定离合部设定位置包括最大离合部设定位置(如图33和34中虚线所示)、最小离合部设定位置(如图33和34中实线所示)及在最大和最小离合部设定位置之间的多个中间离合部设定位置。应理解的是，在本替换例中，掣子弹簧960可以被调整圈962携带，而掣子凹部1042可形成在壳体820中。
由于离合部本体950的外螺纹部分972上的多头螺纹，离合部螺母958转过较小的角度可导致离合部螺母958沿离合部本体950的轴向位置的相对较大变化。例如多头螺纹可允许离合部螺母958以接近相等的增量从最大离合部设定位置经过四个中间离合部设定位置而运动到最小离合部设定位置，同时转过小于90度的角度，如转过80度。在所提供的具体例子中，多个预定离合部设定位置彼此间隔约1mm的距离，使得离合部螺母958从多个预定离合部设定位置中的第一个到第二个、相邻的一个离合部设定位置的运动改变约1mm的离合部弹簧的长度。
参见图39，驱动工具810可进一步包括换向开关组件2000，该组件可用于控制电机822的旋转方向。附加参见图40，换向开关组件2000可包括方向开关(direction switch)2002、作动器2004和指示器2006。方向开关2002可包括开关构件2010和开关作动器2012，开关构件被构造为接收的输入来自驱动工具810操作者，开关作动器被联接到开关构件2010用于与之一起运动。半壳体850可包括在驱动工具810的相对横向侧上的开关孔2014(图29)，开关构件2010可延伸穿过该孔。半壳体850也可包括内部结构，如肋2018，以便方向开关2002在第一开关位置和第二开关位置之间横向运动时引导该开关。可将开关作动器2012构造为与触发开关890的控制器2022上的换向开关2020相互作用。在所提供的例子中，开关作动器2012是板状结构，其具有矩形窗口2024，柱状换向开关2020被接收在该窗口中。应当理解，如在本例中所采用的那样，可将窗口2024的侧部构造为使换向开关2020运动(即滑动或移动)到两个位置中(即相当于向前和反向转动)或三个位置中(即相当于向前转动、中立位置和反向转动)。
可将作动器2004联接到方向开关2002，以与之一起运动。在所提供的具体例子中，作动器2004包括柱状结构2030，该结构从方向开关2002基本正交于电机822的纵向/旋转轴线A和方向开关2002的运动延伸。柱状结构2030可在其远端处以球形形状的伸出部分2032形式终止。
指示器2006可包括毂部2040和叉部2042。毂部2040可以是环形结构，该结构可以以轴颈方式安装在与电机822相关联的电机箱2048的颈状下部部分2046的外周向表面2044上。可以理解的是，电机箱2048的颈状下部部分2046可承装轴承(未示出)，轴承被构造为相对于电机箱2048可旋转地支承电机822的输出轴822a。叉部2042可包括一对间隔开的壁构件2050，这些构件限定出空间2052，柱状结构2030可容纳在该空间中。方向开关2002在第一、第二和第三开关位置(分别相当于向前旋转、中立位置和反向旋转)之间移动时，柱状结构2030和壁构件2050之间的接触可导致毂部2040分别旋转到第一、第二和第三旋转位置。
指示器2006可进一步包括指示器构件2060，该构件可联接到毂部2040，以便随之一起旋转。指示器构件2060可以是弧形段且可包括指示器表面2062，在该表面上具有方向标识2064，该标识能标识出第一、第二和第三开关位置的每一位置。方向标识2064可对准壳体组件820中的孔2070，以指示方向开关2002的设定位置。例如，方向标识2064a对准孔2070可以指示方向开关2002定位在第一位置，方向标识2064b对准孔2070可以指示方向开关2002定位于第二位置，方向标识2064c对准孔2070可指示方向开关2002定位于第三位置中。
还优选方向标识2064与毂部2040的旋转轴线的间隔大于柱状结构2030的与叉部2042接触的部分(即在所提供例子中的伸出部分2032)和毂部2040的旋转轴线之间的距离，以便机械地放大对毂部2040的输入。这例如可将方向开关2002的行程保持到所需程度，同时允许在方向标识2064之间的标识表面2062上有相当大的弧度。
尽管所示出的指示器2006为可旋转地安装在电机822上，但是应理解，也可将指示器2006可旋转地安装在壳体组件820上。而且，尽管叉部2042和柱状结构2030分别与指示器2006和作动器2004关联，所属领域技术人员应理解叉部2042可与作动器2004关联且柱状结构2030可与指示器2006关联。
参见图35到38，显示了根据本发明教导构造的另一驱动工具。除离合部组件828’的调整圈962’、横带构件852’和掣子弹簧960’以外，该驱动工具基本类似于图29所示和上述的驱动工具810。
横带构件852’可包括弹簧安装部870’，该安装部可包括轴向伸出部分1300和邻接壁1302。可将掣子弹簧960’安装在轴向伸出部分1300上，使得结合构件1012’可被夹到轴向伸出部分1300的两相对横向侧，且掣子弹簧960’邻靠邻接壁1302。
调整圈962’可包括多个周向间隔开的掣子凹部1042’，这些凹部可被构造为被掣子弹簧960’的伸出部分1010结合，以将调整圈962’保持在所需位置。在这方面，可在相邻的掣子凹部1042’之间设置径向突出齿1310。在所提供的具体例子中，设置在与离合部组件828’的最高(即，最大转矩)设定位置相关的掣子凹部1042a’和相邻掣子凹部1042b’之间的径向突出齿1310a比其余径向突出齿1310相对更长。此方式的构造需要附加转矩以将调整圈962’置于与离合部组件828’的最高设定位置相关联的位置中/将调整圈962’移出与离合部组件828’的最高设定位置相关联的位置。
尽管在说明书中已描述并在附图中已示出了一些具体实例，但所属领域技术人员应理解，在不超出权利要求限定的本发明的范围的前提下可以对本发明的一些要素作出各种改变和等同替换。此外，可以明确考虑，将本说明书中各例之间的特征、要素和/或功能混合和匹配，因此所属领域技术人员可从本申请中想到，除非在上文中作另外描述，如果合适的话，可将一个例子的特征、要素和/或功能并入另一例子中。而且，可以进行许多改型，以使本发明的教导适于具体的情况或材料，而没有超出本发明的实质范围。因此，本发明并不限于附图所示和说明书所述的具体例子，这些例子应被看作是实现本发明教导的最佳形式，本发明的范围应包括落入前述说明和所附权利要求范围内的任何实施例。
Claims (20)
1.一种工具组件，包括：
驱动工具，其具有壳体、电机、输出构件和用于可旋转地将输出构件联接到电机的传动部，所述电机和传动部被承装在壳体中；和
保持器组件，其具有腿部、紧固件引导件和调整机构，所述腿部可伸缩地联接到壳体，所述紧固件引导件包括纵向延伸的沟槽，该沟槽适于支承螺纹紧固件，所述调整机构将紧固件引导件在与壳体相对的腿部侧上联接到腿部，该调整机构被构造为改变沟槽和输出构件的旋转轴线之间的距离。
2.如权利要求1所述的工具组件，其中，所述调整机构包括弹簧，该弹簧将紧固件引导件朝向旋转轴线偏压。
3.如权利要求1所述的工具组件，其中，所述调整机构包括具有螺旋沟槽的第一部分和具有与螺旋沟槽结合的结构部的第二部分，且其中，第一和第二部分之间沿相反旋转方向的相对旋转将紧固件引导件朝向纵向轴线和远离纵向轴线运动。
4.如权利要求3所述的工具组件，其中，调整机构包括套筒，该套筒具有狭槽，所述结构部穿过狭槽被接收，且其中，所述结构部和狭槽之间的相互作用防止所述第二部分相对于套筒旋转。
5.如权利要求1所述的工具组件，其中，所述紧固件引导件包括与沟槽相交的凸轮部。
6.如权利要求1所述的工具组件，其中，所述紧固件引导件包括磁体。
7.如权利要求6所述的工具组件，其中，所述磁体设置为与所述沟槽成一行。
8.如权利要求5所述的工具组件，其中，所述磁体形成所述沟槽的至少一部分。
9.如权利要求1所述的工具组件，其中，所述壳体和腿部之一包括多个第一掣子构件，且其中，所述壳体和腿部的另一个包括第二掣子构件，该第二掣子构件可释放地结合第一掣子构件，以将腿部相对于壳体定位于从多个预定位置中选出的某一位置。
10.如权利要求1所述的工具组件，其中，所述驱动工具还包括离合部，该离合部具有离合环圈，用于可调整地将离合部设定到从多个离合部设定位置选出的某一离合部设定位置。
11.如权利要求10所述的工具组件，其中，所述离合环圈的内表面支承所述保持器组件的腿部。
12.如权利要求1所述的工具组件，其中，所述驱动工具还包括光源。
13.如权利要求12所述的工具组件，其中，所述腿部是光导管，用于将通过光源产生的光从光源传播到远离光源的某点。
14.如权利要求1所述的工具组件，其中，所述腿部能运动到缩回位置，在该位置中，紧固件引导件靠近壳体且设置为与输出构件成一竖行。
15.如权利要求14所述的工具组件，其中，当所述腿部定位在缩回位置时所述输出构件被接收在所述沟槽中。
16.一种动力工具，包括：
限定把手的工具壳体；
联接到所述工具壳体的电机；
输出构件；
将电机和输出构件联接的传动部；
离合部组件，用于限制在所述输出构件和传动部之间传递的转矩，该离合部组件包括：
离合部本体，其具有外螺纹部分，该外螺纹部分具有多个平行的、非连接的螺纹；
离合部螺母，其螺纹联接到所述离合部本体的外螺纹部分；
设置为抵靠传动部的构件的多个离合部元件；和
设置在所述离合部螺母和传动部的构件之间的离合部弹簧，该离合部弹簧偏压离合部元件抵靠传动部元件，以允许在传动部和输出构件之间传递转矩。
17.如权利要求16所述的动力工具，其中，所述传动部包括多个行星级。
18.如权利要求17所述的动力工具，其中，所述传动部构件是环形齿轮。
19.如权利要求1所述的动力工具，其中，所述离合部本体的外螺纹部分具有至少三个平行的、非连接的螺纹。
20.一种动力工具，包括：
具有本体和把手的壳体；
容纳在所述壳体的本体中的可反转的电机；
被电机驱动的输出构件；和
开关构造，用于控制所述电机的运行，该开关构造包括用于控制电机旋转方向的方向开关、作动器和指示器，作动器延伸穿过壳体的相对横向侧，指示器可枢转地连接到壳体和电机中的至少一个并响应作动器在第一位置和第二位置之间的移转而枢转，其中，当作动器处于该第一位置时，电机可沿第一旋转方向运行，且指示器的第一部分对准形成于壳体中的窗口，且其中，作动器处于该第二位置时，电机可沿第二旋转方向运行，指示器的第二部分对准所述窗口。
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102554844A (zh) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-07-11 | 苏州工业园区高登威科技有限公司 | 气动螺丝枪 |
| CN103831766A (zh) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | 螺钉扶持装置及螺钉工具 |
| CN103831767A (zh) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | 螺钉扶持装置及螺钉工具 |
| CN103831771A (zh) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | 螺钉扶持装置及螺钉工具 |
| CN103831766B (zh) * | 2012-11-23 | 2015-12-09 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | 螺钉扶持装置及螺钉工具 |
| CN103831767B (zh) * | 2012-11-23 | 2015-12-09 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | 螺钉扶持装置及螺钉工具 |
| CN103831771B (zh) * | 2012-11-23 | 2016-05-18 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | 螺钉扶持装置及螺钉工具 |
| CN107000177A (zh) * | 2014-12-10 | 2017-08-01 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯工业技术公司 | 具有伸缩式输出轴的动力工具 |
| CN107000177B (zh) * | 2014-12-10 | 2020-07-31 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯工业技术公司 | 具有伸缩式输出轴的动力工具 |
| CN113905849A (zh) * | 2019-06-05 | 2022-01-07 | 纽弗雷公司 | 用于单面紧固件的设置工具 |
| CN113905849B (zh) * | 2019-06-05 | 2024-03-08 | 纽弗雷公司 | 用于单面紧固件的设置工具 |
| CN112140046A (zh) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-29 | 卢黎明 | 一种用于快速旋转风力发电机底座螺母的旋转器 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20120031636A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
| US20090206122A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| US8602125B2 (en) | 2013-12-10 |
| EP2265412A1 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
| CN103121208A (zh) | 2013-05-29 |
| US8047100B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 |
| AU2009215023A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| EP2265412B1 (en) | 2016-02-03 |
| JP2011512264A (ja) | 2011-04-21 |
| EP2265412A4 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
| WO2009102659A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| CN101945736B (zh) | 2013-02-27 |
| CA2713233A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
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