CN101904296B - Breeding method of salt-tolerant malting barley variety - Google Patents
Breeding method of salt-tolerant malting barley variety Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of a salt-tolerant malting barley variety, which belongs to the technical field of plant breeding. In the method, salt-guidance No.1 is used as a male parent and KA-4B is used as a female parent to perform sexual hybridization so as to obtain a selfing sixth generation of an F0 generation seed. The breeding method comprises the following steps of: firstly, performing salt tolerance screening and identification during seed germination; secondly, performing the salt tolerance screening and identification during the growth period of barley; and finally, performing the salt tolerance screening and identification in a farm of a coastal saline soil region. The bred salt-tolerant malting barley variety namely salt 99218 is planted in Dafeng coastal saline soil region in Jiangsu province for demonstration, the seedling emergence is good, the seedling stage tiller number is kept around 80 percent of a normal tiller number, the dead seedling rate during the reviving shooting period is within 3 percent, and the grain yield during the maturation period is more than 300 kilograms per acre.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention is a kind of selection of salt-tolerant malting barley variety, belongs to field of plant variety breeding technology.More specifically say so and be exclusively used in the screening salt-tolerant malting barley variety.
Two, background technology
Soil salinization problem is the key factor that influences agricultural production and crop yield always.Just there is large-area salinization soil in China, transforms through administering, and has obtained certain effect.But because cropping system is single, the soil secondary salinization problem is still outstanding.Barley is the stronger crop of salt resistance in all crops, in China very big cultivated area is arranged.It is reported the nearly edge of Hordeum wild with wild species in, have 18 kinds to survive in the environment of saline soil, have the hereditary information of salt resistance.Once in the fifties in last century strand improving saline soil process, be used as pioneer crop and planted, shown salt resistance preferably.Malting barley is a raw material of producing Fructus Hordei Germinatus, processing beer, and along with expanding economy, the quantity of China's import malting barley is also rising year by year, and the production of domestic malting barley far can not be satisfied the needs of Beer Production.This method in conjunction with local natural environmental condition, adopts physiology and biochemical technology screening salt-tolerant malting barley variety according to the physiological property of barley, adapts to the salination condition, and is significant for guaranteeing China's malting barley safety.
Three, invention technology contents
Technical problem
The present invention is directed in the existing malting barley variety seed selection; The a series of problems that exist during the indeterminate and resistance of malting barley variety salt resistance is identified; A kind of salt-tolerant malting barley selection is provided; Cultivation and Screening and Identification go out to adapt in the strand salinization soil district, the salt-tolerant malting barley variety that normal growth and acquisition are got bumper crops on the soil of adapted soil salt content about 0.4%.
Technical scheme
The present invention provides a kind of salt-tolerant malting barley variety selection, may further comprise the steps:
A) draw No. 1 with salt (named, and saw Wang Cailin chief editor's " Jiangsu Province's rice wheat variety will ", Scientia Agricultura Sinica technology publishing house in 1991; 2009:267) make male parent, KA-4B (Lianyungang, Jiangsu barley variety improvement center seed selection, the variety certification group authorization through the Lianyungang in 1994; Name the port beer No. 1, loaded Wang Cailin chief editor's " Jiangsu Province's rice wheat variety will ", Scientia Agricultura Sinica technology publishing house; 2009:264) make female parent, sexual hybridization obtains F0 for seed.
B) F of above-mentioned acquisition
0For seed, in 6 generations of selfing, selfing limit, limit is selected, and selects: plant type is compact; Plant height 65-85cm, in the 210-215 days time of infertility, cane is sturdy; Fringe joint down is long, and spike length is longer, 6.5-7.0 centimetre; Identify Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College's wheat yellow mosaic, the fine individual plant of its sick level 0-2 through the garden plantation of elimination of barley's yellow mosaic virus field.
C) seed germination phase selection of salt tolerance is identified, plants each individual plant, and every strain is to select 50 seeds to be placed in neatly, equably in 30 minutes the culture dish that is covered with filter paper of ozone generator sterilization; Seed sprouting NaCl analyzes pure solution and divides 0,1%, 2% 3 processing, adds the salting liquid of respective concentration, after culture dish is sealed with sealing film; Culture dish is placed in 25/15 ℃ the constant temperature, daylight incubator and cultivates, observe the seed sprouting situation every day, and record chitting piece number; It when being 0.5cm germination with bud length; A seed sprouting is arranged for germinateing phase beginning in three repetitions, continuous four days do not have seed sprouting is end, the malting barley percentage of seedgermination; Filter out in the processing of 1% salting liquid and assign more than 90%, handle at 2% salting liquid and assign more than 70% in the strain system of material as the germination period salt tolerant.
D) growing period salt tolerant Screening and Identification
With the malting barley strain of salt tolerant during the seed germination that filters out is seed, is seeded in the plastic basin alms bowl that the bottom is airtight, diameter is 25cm, carries out the salt tolerant Screening and Identification; It is that every basin is adorned native 7.5kg that the basin alms bowl is used in test; Soil moisture content 24 ± 1.2%, soil salt content are established 0,0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% 4 concentration, and concentration is analyzed pure evenly mixing in soil with NaCl on request prior to seeding; Be filled in the basin alms bowl, press urea 315kg/hm
2, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) 630kg/hm
2, in basin, add fertilizer, select 10 of the every basin sowings of big or small seed even, full seed, every basin final singling 5 strains in back of emerging, the shooting stage is pressed 150kg/hm
2Impose urea; The basin alms bowl is positioned in the booth of taking shelter from rain, prevents the influence of rainfall soil salt content in the basin alms bowl, during the barley growth with soil moisture in the gravimetric detemination basin alms bowl; The control soil moisture content is at 75% of field capacity; Potted plant barley seedling tiller number, salt are handled with contrast and are differed number 20% with interior strain system, then are accredited as the salt-resistance strain in seedling stage;
When ripe, mass ratio 0.4% soil salt content barley production and contrast output differ 15% with interior strain system, then are accredited as salt-resistance strain.
E) field salt tolerant Screening and Identification
Select the field piece smooth, plant salt-resistance strain on salt content 0.4% soil, before plantation; Must carry out field piece arrangement, keep the field face smooth, after the plantation; Excavation drainage ditch, the channel degree of depth are at 30-40cm, and screening tiller number in seedling stage remains on 80% of normal tiller number; Turn green in the shooting stage death rate 5%, the maturing stage grain yield is salt-tolerant malting barley variety in the system of the strain more than 300 kilograms/mu.
Beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, a kind of salt-tolerant malting barley variety selection of the present invention has following advantage and good effect:
Adopt a kind of salt-tolerant malting barley variety selection provided by the present invention, seed selection salt-tolerant malting barley new varieties (anti-soil salt content is about 0.4%) salt 99218.Salt 99218 belongs to weak spring habit two-rowed barley, and the seedling tillering ability is strong; Fertilizer resistance anti-lodging, normal plant height be at 77-85cm, strong stress resistance; Ability normal growth under the condition of soil salt content 0.2-0.5%; Number of grain per ear is about 25, and thousand kernel weight is 35-40 gram, 2008 in jiangsu coast beach district (about soil salt content 0.4%) plantation has obtained 304 kilograms/mu output.
Salt 99218 is two-rowed barley (Hordeum distichon).Be preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center on April 9th, 2010, culture presevation number is: CGMCC NO.3678.
Four, embodiment
(the jiangsu coast area institute of agricultural sciences and Yancheng are the common kinds of introducing through Japan of seed stations, name in 1991, see Wang Cailin chief editor's " Jiangsu Province's rice wheat variety will " to draw No. 1 with salt; Scientia Agricultura Sinica technology publishing house 2009:267) makes male parent, KA-4B (Lianyungang, Jiangsu barley variety improvement center seed selection; The variety certification group authorization through the Lianyungang in 1994 is named the port beer No. 1, sees Wang Cailin chief editor's " Jiangsu Province's rice wheat variety will "; Scientia Agricultura Sinica technology publishing house; 2009:264) make female parent, sexual hybridization obtains F0 for seed.Then 6 generations of selfing, selfing limit, limit is selected, and selects: plant type is compact, plant height 65-85cm, economical character is good, Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College's wheat yellow mosaic, sick level 0-2, fine individual plant.
2005-2007 through 1023 parts of barley germ plasm resource germination test researchs under salinity is coerced altogether own to the jiangsu coast area institute of agricultural sciences and that introduce, has filtered out 56 parts of salt-tolerant malting barley varieties (being) resource, and salt 99218 is one of these 56 parts of resources.Wherein 1% salinity is coerced down germination rate and is reached 35 parts of kind (being) resources more than 90%, and 2% salinity is coerced down germination rate and reached 21 parts of kind (being) resources more than 70%.
2007-2008; Malting barley variety to the duration of germination salt tolerant that filters out; Carried out the potted plant Screening and Identification experimental study of salt tolerant, wherein, 14 malting barley varieties (being) tiller seedling stage with grain yield all within the salt tolerant variety range of above-mentioned delimitation; Show salt resistance preferably, salt 99218 shows salt resistance preferably.
2007-2009; Malting barley variety salt 99218 through the Screening and Identification salt tolerant; More than 200 mu of Da Feng salinization soil district (about the soil salt content 0.4%) demonstration plant in jiangsu coast area, average yield reaches 304 kilograms/mu, approaches the yield level on the normal soil.
Salt 99218 belongs to weak spring habit two-rowed barley, and the seedling tillering ability is strong; Fertilizer resistance anti-lodging, normal plant height be at 77-85cm, strong stress resistance; Ability normal growth under the condition of soil salt content 0.2-0.5%; Number of grain per ear is about 25, and thousand kernel weight is 35-40 gram, 2008 in jiangsu coast beach district (about soil salt content 0.4%) plantation has obtained 304 kilograms/mu output.
Subordinate list: process for screening and identifying of the present invention is educated the choosing of the salt 99218 of choosing and is passed through
Salt-tolerant malting barley new varieties salt 99218 culture technique main points:
(1) soil condition of salt tolerant cultivation: the selection of plantation field piece, salinization soil also just can be grown unlike normal field piece kind plant.Should be chosen in mild or moderate salinization soil (3-4 ‰) and go up plantation, barley can germination and growth, could in the cultivation management in later stage, the improvement condition improve output.
(2) field piece arrangement: the arrangement of field piece, on the salinization soil, soil salt is the spot shape and distributes, and Spatial Variability is bigger; Especially in the rugged place of physical features, soil salt content is widely different.This just requires on salinization soil, before the plantation, must carry out field piece arrangement, keeps the field face smooth.After the plantation, the excavation drainage ditch, this channel degree of depth will be about 30-40cm, and the drainage ditch networking is close, to guarantee the pouring salt salt discharge effect of rainfall to soil, alleviates soil salt coercing barley growth.
(3) proper seeding, rational close planting: the coastal cotton wheat interplanting area in Yancheng, it is heavy with grain to take into account output, is advisable with sowing on October 20 to October 30.Can not sow too early, to avoid freeze injury, can not be too late, in order to avoid soil salt is coerced and is influenced it and normally emerge.Because soil salt will be according to the rational close planting of production purpose, under the condition of proper seeding to emerging and the coercing of seedling growth; The pure basic seedling of tilling land is advisable with about 200,000; Sowing date for early sowing or fertility level are higher, the field piece that soil salt content is lower, and seeding quantity can reduce 10-20%; The visual concrete condition that sowing is slow or fertility is relatively poor suitably increases basic seedling, guarantees to have certain colony.
(4) optimize fertilising: according to the salt tolerant feature of Growth and Development of Barley rule and salt 99218; The principle of fertilising should be that mend preceding short, middle control, back, and the base manure foot helps promoting wheat seeding early to be tillered, suitable small amount of supplemental nitrogenous fertilizer behind the jointing; Prolong the functional period of blade, increase output.Reasonable applying fertilizer, salt branch too much in the soil suppresses plant absorbing moisture and nutritive element.Rationally in time applied nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer, and nitrogen, using of phosphate fertilizer will be according to the soil salt concentration proportioning.On the soil of 2-3 ‰, nitrogenous fertilizer 30kg/ mu, phosphate fertilizer 20kg/ mu, on the soil of 4-5 ‰, nitrogenous fertilizer 35kg/ mu, phosphate fertilizer 25kg/ mu are best soil salinity, nitrogen, the phosphorus ratios of suitable barley growth.
Claims (1)
1. the selection of a salt-tolerant malting barley variety comprises:
A) draw No. 1 with salt and make male parent, KA-4B does maternal, and sexual hybridization obtains F
0For seed;
B) F of above-mentioned acquisition
0For seed, in 6 generations of selfing, selfing limit, limit is selected, and selects: plant type is compact; Plant height 65-85cm, in the 210-215 days time of infertility, cane is sturdy; Fringe joint down is long, and spike length is longer, 6.5-7.0 centimetre; Identify Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political College's wheat yellow mosaic, the fine individual plant of its sick level 0-2 through the garden plantation of elimination of barley's yellow mosaic virus field;
C) selection of salt tolerance is identified the seed germination phase: plant each individual plant, every strain system selects 50 seeds to be placed in neatly, equably in 30 minutes the culture dish that is covered with filter paper of ozone generator sterilization, and seed sprouting divides NaCl to analyze pure solution 0,1%, 2% 3 processing; Behind the salting liquid of adding respective concentration culture dish is sealed with sealing film; Culture dish is placed in 25/15 ℃ the constant temperature, daylight incubator and cultivates, observe the seed sprouting situation every day, and record chitting piece number; It when being 0.5cm germination with bud length; A seed sprouting is arranged for germinateing phase beginning in three repetitions, continuous four days do not have seed sprouting is end, filters out percentage of seedgermination and assigns more than 90% in the processing of 1% salting liquid; Handle the strain system of assigning more than 70% at 2% salting liquid, as the strain system of germination period salt tolerant;
D) growing period salt tolerant Screening and Identification: the malting barley strain system with salt tolerant during the seed germination that filters out, be seeded in the plastic basin alms bowl that the bottom is airtight, diameter is 25cm, carry out the salt tolerant Screening and Identification; Test is adorned native 7.5kg with the every basin of basin alms bowl; Soil moisture content 24 ± 1.2%, soil salt content are established 0,0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% 4 concentration, and concentration is analyzed pure evenly mixing in soil with NaCl on request prior to seeding; Be filled in the basin alms bowl, press urea 315kg/hm
2, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) 630kg/hm
2, in basin, add fertilizer, select 10 of the every basin sowings of big or small seed even, full seed, every basin final singling 5 strains in back of emerging, the shooting stage is pressed 150kg/hm
2Impose urea; The basin alms bowl is positioned in the booth of taking shelter from rain, prevents the influence of rainfall soil salt content in the basin alms bowl, during the barley growth with soil moisture in the gravimetric detemination basin alms bowl; The control soil moisture content is 75% of a field capacity; Potted plant barley seedling tiller number, salt are handled with contrast and are differed number 20% with interior strain system, then are accredited as the salt-resistance strain in seedling stage; When ripe, output and contrast output differ 15% with interior barley strain system in salt content mass ratio 0.4% soil, then are accredited as salt-resistance strain;
E) field salt tolerant Screening and Identification: select the field piece smooth, the soil plantation salt-resistance strain of salt content 0.4% is before plantation; Must carry out field piece arrangement, keep the field face smooth, after the plantation; Excavation drainage ditch, the channel degree of depth are at 30-40cm, and screening tiller number in seedling stage remains on 80% of normal tiller number; Turn green in the shooting stage death rate 5%, the maturing stage grain yield is salt-tolerant malting barley variety in the system of the strain more than 300 kilograms/mu.
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