CN111279998A - Method for efficiently screening saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm - Google Patents
Method for efficiently screening saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm Download PDFInfo
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- CN111279998A CN111279998A CN202010088240.7A CN202010088240A CN111279998A CN 111279998 A CN111279998 A CN 111279998A CN 202010088240 A CN202010088240 A CN 202010088240A CN 111279998 A CN111279998 A CN 111279998A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for efficiently screening salt and alkali resistant barley germplasm. Then, local representative saline-alkali soil is selected, and meanwhile, the high saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm resources in the germination period are screened in the field, so that the screening of barley resources suitable for being planted in the local saline-alkali soil is facilitated. By the method, a batch of high saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm resources suitable for local planting are selected and screened within two years, and valuable parent resources are provided for barley saline-alkali tolerant breeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for efficiently screening saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm.
Background
Saline-alkali soil, especially inland saline-alkali soil, is mostly salinization and alkalization mixed, the degrees are different and very complex, so researchers still have to talk about the salinization and alkalization, the saline-alkali soil is generally called as the saline-alkali soil, most laboratories are single salt, alkali or a mixture of a plurality of salts and alkalis, and the real saline-alkali components of the field cannot be obtained.
Salt-tolerant barley varieties are obtained in many laboratories around the world under laboratory conditions, and the salt tolerance is lost when the barley varieties are cultivated in field in saline-alkali soil.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for efficiently screening the germplasm of salt-alkali-tolerant barley. According to the method, saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm resources suitable for local saline-alkali land planting are easily selected through field selection in laboratories and saline-alkali lands, and the saline-alkali tolerance is not easily lost.
The invention provides a method for efficiently screening saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm, which comprises the following steps:
(1) laboratory screening of salt tolerance in seed germination stage: placing barley seeds to be screened in a culture dish paved with filter paper, respectively adding a sodium chloride solution and sterile water until the filter paper is saturated, taking the barley seeds as an experimental group and a control group, placing the barley seeds in a constant-temperature incubator for germination, setting n times of experiments in each group, recording the germination number of the seeds, and calculating the relative salt damage rate to evaluate the salt tolerance degree of the barley seeds to be screened in the germination period;
(2) field identification and screening: and (2) performing field screening on the barley seeds with high salt tolerance in the seed germination period obtained by screening in the step (1) in local representative saline-alkali soil, fertilizing according to local fertilization habits, observing growth vigor in each growth period, and judging the salt and alkali tolerance degree of the barley: only a few of the lower leaves of the plants have slight brown spots and no dead plants, and the plants are high in saline-alkali resistance, and the seeds of the barley with high saline-alkali resistance are harvested in the mature period.
Preferably, in step (1), the concentration of the sodium chloride solution is 2.5%.
Preferably, in the step (1), the temperature of the constant temperature incubator is 20 ℃ and the humidity is 75%.
Preferably, in step (1), n is 3 or more.
Preferably, in step (1), the germination start stage is the date when the 1 st seed of the n repetitions germinates, and the germination end stage is the time when no more seeds germinate after 3 consecutive days, and the germination number of the seeds is described.
Preferably, in step (1), the calculation formula of the relative salt damage rate is as follows: relative salt damage (%) - (germination rate of control group-germination rate of NaCl solution-treated group)/germination rate of control group × 100%.
The method firstly screens the salt tolerance of the barley germplasm resource in the seed germination period through a laboratory, so that a lot of germplasm is eliminated, and the field selection pressure is reduced. Then, local representative saline-alkali soil is selected, and meanwhile, the high saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm resources in the germination period are screened in the field, so that the screening of barley resources suitable for being planted in the local saline-alkali soil is facilitated. By the method, a batch of high saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm resources suitable for local planting, such as Zhongchuan barley, American 97-1338 and the like, are selected and screened within two years, so that valuable parent resources are provided for saline-alkali tolerant breeding of the barley.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to facilitate a better understanding of the invention, but do not limit the invention. The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The method for efficiently screening the saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm comprises the following steps:
1. laboratory screening of salt tolerance in seed germination stage:
randomly selecting 100 full barley seeds, sterilizing with 7% sodium hypochlorite for 5min, washing with distilled water, and uniformly placing into a culture dish (sterilized with 70% ethanol) with diameter of 10cm and coated with filter paper. Adding NaCl solution with weight percentage concentration of 2.5% (the concentration solution is saturated by filter paper, and excessive water is drained), covering, placing into a constant temperature box with temperature of 20 deg.C and humidity of 75% for germination, adding distilled water with certain mass every day, and keeping water necessary for seed germination. The number of germinated seeds was recorded by daily observation using distilled water as a control, and the germination of seeds was standardized by the length of embryo to half of the length of the seed (or diameter of the seed) or the length of the radicle and the seed (or diameter of the seed) being equal, and 3 replicates per group of experiments. Taking the germination date of the 1 st seed in 3 repetitions as the germination starting stage of the treatment, continuously taking 3d when no seed is germinated as the germination ending stage, investigating and recording the germination number of the seed, and counting the relative salt damage rate to evaluate the salt tolerance of the seed in the germination stage (because the relative salt damage rate is one of more indexes adopted in the salt tolerance determination of the germination stage).
Relative salt damage (%) - (germination rate of control group-germination rate of NaCl solution-treated group)/germination rate of control group × 100%.
TABLE 1 grading table of saline-alkali harmfulness
| Rank of | Index of salt damage | Salt tolerance |
| Level 1 | 0.0-20.0 | High durability |
| Stage 2 | 20.1-40.0 | Durable |
| Grade 3 | 40.1-60.0 | Middle tolerance |
| 4 stage | 60.1-80.0 | Mianmin |
| Grade 5 | 80.1-100.0 | Sensitivity of |
2. Field identification and screening:
selecting the high-salt-tolerance barley germplasm resources obtained in the germination period in the step 1 to perform field screening on two representative saline-alkali soil in Gansu province, wherein the test adopts a random block design, the three times of repetition are performed, the row length is 1.5m, the row spacing is 0.25m, 4 rows of areas are performed, 160 seeds are sowed in each row, and a control is added for each 30 strains. Drill seeding in the middle and late 3 months with the internationally recognized saline-alkali tolerant barley CM72 as a control. The local fertilizing amount is taken as the standard. The growth is observed in each growth period, and the saline-alkali tolerance level is judged.
TABLE 2 grading Standard for field identification of saline-alkali hazard symptoms of crops
Wherein, the representative saline-alkali soil test land 1: the saline-alkali soil of the town of Chuanzhen in Lanzhou city comprises 0.1% of total nitrogen, 0.037% of total phosphorus, 2.25% of total potassium, 48.3mg/kg of hydrolyzed nitrogen, 3.03mg/kg of quick-acting phosphorus, 227.1mg/kg of quick-acting potassium, 1.697% of organic matters, 8.28% of pH value and 0.536% of total salt. The growth period is watered with local saline alkali water (2.465 g/L of chloride ions, 2.198g/L of sulfate ions, 0.414g/L of bicarbonate ions, 0.32g/L of calcium ions, 0.363g/L of magnesium ions, 1.7495g/L of potassium and sodium ions, 6.575g/L, pH value of total salt of 7.59).
Representative saline-alkali soil test site 2: shandan county saline-alkali soil (total nitrogen 0.38%, total phosphorus 0.84%, total potassium 22.4%, pH 8.34, total salt 0.77%). The local saline alkali water is poured for 3 times in the growth period, and the water quality (0.39 g/L of chloride ions, 0.54g/L of sulfate ions, 0.050g/L of calcium ions, 0.078g/L of magnesium ions, 1.04g/L of potassium and sodium ions and 2.19g/L, pH of total salt with the value of 7.59) is achieved.
The purpose of pouring saline alkali water in the growth period is as follows: and the salt and alkali tolerance of the barley germplasm resources is further identified, and the salt and alkali content of the soil can be reduced if ordinary water is irrigated.
Example 1
The method for efficiently screening the saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) carrying out laboratory screening on 1710-source different germplasm resources according to the method in the step 1, and obtaining 617 parts of laboratory grade-1 high-salt-resistant material.
2. And (3) selecting 80 parts of representative materials from the obtained laboratory grade-1 high-salt-tolerance materials, respectively carrying out field screening on the two representative saline-alkali lands according to the method in the step 2, wherein screening results are not completely consistent, and screening the saline-alkali-tolerance materials in both places through statistical analysis, so as to screen out the high-salt-alkali-tolerance materials such as Sichuan barley, American 97-1338 and the like.
Through continuous planting in two places, the screened high saline-alkali resistant material shows saline-alkali resistance for many years.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for efficiently screening saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) laboratory screening of salt tolerance in seed germination stage: placing barley seeds to be screened in a culture dish paved with filter paper, respectively adding a sodium chloride solution and sterile water until the filter paper is saturated, taking the barley seeds as an experimental group and a control group, placing the barley seeds in a constant-temperature incubator for germination, setting n times of experiments in each group, recording the germination number of the seeds, and calculating the relative salt damage rate to evaluate the salt tolerance degree of the barley seeds to be screened in the germination period;
(2) field identification and screening: and (2) performing field screening on the barley seeds with high salt tolerance in the seed germination period obtained by screening in the step (1) in local representative saline-alkali soil, fertilizing according to local fertilization habits, observing growth vigor in each growth period, and judging the salt and alkali tolerance degree of the barley: only a few of the lower leaves of the plants have slight brown spots and no dead plants, and the plants are high in saline-alkali resistance, and the seeds of the barley with high saline-alkali resistance are harvested in the mature period.
2. The method for efficiently screening the saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), the concentration of the sodium chloride solution is 2.5%.
3. The method for efficiently screening the saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), the temperature of the constant-temperature incubator is 20 ℃ and the humidity is 75%.
4. The method for efficiently screening the saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), n is not less than 3.
5. The method for efficiently screening the saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), the germination beginning stage is the germination date of the 1 st seed in the n repetitions, the germination end stage is the germination no more seeds after 3 days, and the germination number of the seeds is recorded.
6. The method for efficiently screening the saline-alkali tolerant barley germplasm according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), the calculation formula of the relative salt damage rate is as follows: relative salt damage (%) = (germination percentage of control group-germination percentage of NaCl solution treatment group)/germination percentage of control group × 100%.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112051359A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-12-08 | 滨州职业学院 | Method for identifying saline-alkali resistance of wheat according to field growth tracing |
| CN113615421A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-11-09 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for screening salt-resistant materials in germination period of highland barley |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112051359A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-12-08 | 滨州职业学院 | Method for identifying saline-alkali resistance of wheat according to field growth tracing |
| CN113615421A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-11-09 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for screening salt-resistant materials in germination period of highland barley |
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