CN113678698A - Method for screening strong salt-resistant germplasm of cabbage type winter rape - Google Patents
Method for screening strong salt-resistant germplasm of cabbage type winter rape Download PDFInfo
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- CN113678698A CN113678698A CN202111086117.2A CN202111086117A CN113678698A CN 113678698 A CN113678698 A CN 113678698A CN 202111086117 A CN202111086117 A CN 202111086117A CN 113678698 A CN113678698 A CN 113678698A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of screening of rape varieties in saline-alkali soil, in particular to a method for screening strong salt-resistant germplasm of Chinese cabbage type winter rape, which aims at solving the problem of poor salt-resistant effect when screening Chinese cabbage type winter rape varieties planted in saline-alkali soil, and provides the following scheme, comprising the following steps: s1: primary water culture selection; s2: simulating saline-alkali stress; s3: screening salt-tolerant varieties; s4: testing saline soil; s5: measuring; s6: analyzing and determining the overwintering character; in the invention, after a plurality of varieties of cabbage type winter rape are subjected to water culture primary selection, the excellent quality seeds of the cabbage type winter rape in non-saline-alkali soil are selected, the excellent quality is subjected to a saline-alkali stress simulation test, the growth characters of the cabbage type winter rape in saline-alkali soil with different salt contents are determined, overwintering planting is carried out on the saline-alkali soil, and the high-salt-resistance quality of the cabbage type winter rape is selected according to the plant type growth conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of screening of rape varieties in saline-alkali soil, in particular to a method for screening strong salt-resistant germplasm of Chinese cabbage type winter rape.
Background
The rape is an oil crop with wide saline-alkali tolerance adaptability, has large biomass, can increase soil organic matters, can improve soil fertility, promote the improvement of saline-alkali soil and improve soil environment, is matched with corresponding agricultural machinery and equipment, solves the problem of unstable scattered rape planting quality, and has important significance for improving the mechanized operation degree and the large-scale planting effect of the rape.
When different rape varieties are cultivated and treated on the coastal beach saline-alkali soil, due to different saline-alkali contents in the cultivated land and different salt resistance effects of the different rape varieties on the saline-alkali soil, the yield of the rape varieties with poor salt resistance effects planted on the saline-alkali soil is easily influenced, and therefore, the method is particularly important for screening and cultivating the salt-resistant rape varieties suitable for being planted on the coastal beach saline-alkali soil by matching with the related high-yield cultivation technology.
Therefore, a method for screening strong salt-resistant germplasm of the cabbage type winter rape is needed to solve the problem of poor salt resistance effect when screening cabbage type winter rape varieties planted in saline-alkali soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for screening strong salt-resistant germplasm of cabbage type winter rape, which solves the problem of poor salt-resistant effect when screening cabbage type winter rape varieties planted in saline-alkali soil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for screening strong salt-resistant germplasm of Chinese cabbage type winter rape comprises the following steps:
s1: water culture initial selection: selecting different varieties of cabbage type winter rape, preparing water culture solution with the same concentration, observing the bud stage of the cabbage type winter rape, comprehensively analyzing and recording the germination vigor, the germination rate and the germination index of the cabbage type winter rape, selecting a seed plant with excellent growth vigor, and reserving the seed plant for later use after the seed plant is mature;
s2: simulating saline-alkali stress: preparing saline-alkaline solutions with different concentrations, and performing a saline-alkaline stress simulation test on seeds of the excellent plants in the step S1 in the saline-alkaline solution;
s3: screening salt-tolerant varieties: observing the salt and alkali stress simulation test in the step S2, and screening a plurality of salt-tolerant varieties according to the germination vigor, the germination rate and the germination index of the seeds of the superior variety;
s4: salt soil test: determining the salt content of the saline-alkali soil, selecting medium and low salinity soil for testing, and carrying out regional planting treatment on a plurality of salt-tolerant varieties screened in the step S3 in the medium and low salinity soil;
s5: and (3) determination: during the growth period of the cabbage type rape variety, carrying out physiological detection, and measuring and recording the plant type character of the rape variety;
s6: and (3) overwintering character analysis and determination: and (4) performing wintering property observation on the rape varieties of different varieties in the step (S5), and determining the best salt tolerance cabbage type winter rape according to the plant type characters.
Preferably, the excellent plant seeds obtained in step S1 are subjected to spray sterilization treatment to remove sclerotium and hyphae on the surface of the seeds, and the seeds are subjected to multiple times of distilled water washing treatment.
Preferably, the saline alkali solution in step S2 is 0.20% -0.90% NaCl solution, and the concentration is set in 0.10% increasing step.
Preferably, the data of the salt and alkali stress simulation test in step S2 is subjected to comprehensive analysis, the germination of the seeds, the root activity of the seedlings and the content of soluble protein are recorded, and the pH value, the salinity value and the content of carbonate are determined.
Preferably, the salt content of the saline-alkali soil in the step S4 is 2.0-6.0 g-kg-1。
Preferably, in the step S4, the phosphate fertilizer dosage with the same concentration is increased in the seedling stage of the rape seeds, and the weeding and soil loosening and watering treatment is enhanced.
Preferably, the plant type traits of the rape variety in the step S5 include leaf length, width, leaf stalk length, plant height, leaf color, stem thickness, main shaft length and effective branch point number.
Preferably, the plant type of the oilseed plant in the step S6 includes creeping property, semi-erectness and erectness.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the invention, after a plurality of varieties of cabbage type winter rape are subjected to water culture primary selection, the excellent quality seeds of the cabbage type winter rape in non-saline-alkali soil are selected, the salt and alkali stress simulation test is performed on the excellent quality of the seeds, the growth characters of the cabbage type winter rape in saline-alkali soil with different salt contents are determined, overwintering planting is performed on the saline-alkali soil, the quality of the cabbage type winter rape with high salt resistance is selected according to the plant type growth condition of the seeds, the selection operation flow is simple, the number of selected varieties is large, the selection efficiency is high, the varieties selected in the soil with ultralow temperature, low salt content and low salt content are selected again on the soil with high salt and alkali content, and the cabbage type winter rape with strong salt resistance and high cold resistance can be selected.
2. In the invention, salt resistance of the cabbage type winter rape is screened by simulating saline-alkali stress and a saline-soil test, and more choices are provided for selecting proper salt-resistant varieties in saline-alkali soil with different contents, so that the planting rate and the planting effect of the cabbage type winter rape in the saline-alkali soil are effectively improved, and the planting yield of different varieties of plants in the saline-alkali soil with different contents is greatly improved.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for screening the strong salt-resistant germplasm of Chinese cabbage type winter rape.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for screening strong salt-resistant germplasm of brassica campestris L.var.brassica, comprising the following steps: s1: water culture initial selection: selecting different varieties of cabbage type winter rape, preparing water culture solution with the same concentration, observing the bud stage of the cabbage type winter rape, comprehensively analyzing and recording the germination vigor, the germination rate and the germination index of the cabbage type winter rape, selecting a seed plant with excellent growth vigor, and reserving the seed plant for later use after the seed plant is mature;
s2: simulating saline-alkali stress: preparing saline-alkaline solutions with different concentrations, and performing a saline-alkaline stress simulation test on seeds of the excellent plants in the step S1 in the saline-alkaline solution;
s3: screening salt-tolerant varieties: observing the salt and alkali stress simulation test in the step S2, and screening a plurality of salt-tolerant varieties according to the germination vigor, the germination rate and the germination index of the seeds of the superior variety;
s4: salt soil test: determining the salt content of the saline-alkali soil, selecting medium and low salinity soil for testing, and carrying out regional planting treatment on a plurality of salt-tolerant varieties screened in the step S3 in the medium and low salinity soil;
s5: and (3) determination: during the growth period of the cabbage type rape variety, carrying out physiological detection, and measuring and recording the plant type character of the rape variety;
s6: and (3) overwintering character analysis and determination: and (4) performing wintering property observation on the rape varieties of different varieties in the step (S5), and determining the best salt tolerance cabbage type winter rape according to the plant type characters.
The excellent plant seeds obtained in step S1 are subjected to spray sterilization to remove sclerotium and hyphae on the surface of the seeds, and the seeds are washed with distilled water for several times.
In the step S4, the usage amount of phosphate fertilizer with the same concentration is increased in the seedling stage of the rape seeds, and the enhanced weeding, soil loosening and water irrigation treatment are carried out on the phosphate fertilizer.
The plant type traits of the rape variety in the step S5 comprise leaf length, width, leaf stalk length, plant height, leaf color, stem thickness, main shaft length and effective branch point number.
The plant type of the oilseed plant in step S6 includes creeping property, semi-erectness and erectness.
In the step S2, NaCl solution with the concentration of 0.20-0.90% is adopted as the salt alkaline solution, and the concentration of the NaCl solution is set in a 0.10% growth type step-by-step manner, so that the germination of seeds, the root activity of seedlings and the content of soluble protein are measured under the NaCl solutions with different concentrations;
the data content of the salt and alkali simulation experiment performed under the condition of normal temperature and different concentrations is as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, at normal temperature, the germination percentage of the seeds, the root activity of the seedlings and the soluble protein content increase with the increase of the concentration of the saline-alkali solution in the period of 0.20-0.60; the germination rate of the seeds, the root activity of the seedlings and the content of soluble protein are greatly reduced along with the increase of the concentration of the saline-alkali solution in the period of 0.60-0.90 percent, so that the production state of the seeds is the best when the concentration of the saline-alkali solution is 0.60 percent in a saline-alkali simulation experiment under the normal temperature condition.
The data content of the salt and alkali simulation experiment performed under the low temperature and different concentrations is as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, at low temperature, the germination rate of the seeds, the root activity of the seedlings and the content of soluble protein increase with the increase of the concentration of the saline-alkali solution in the period of 0.20-0.70; the germination rate of the seeds, the root activity of the seedlings and the content of soluble protein are greatly reduced along with the increase of the concentration of the saline-alkali solution in the period of 0.70-0.90 percent, so that the production state of the seeds is the best when the concentration of the saline-alkali solution is 0.70 percent in a saline-alkali simulation experiment under the normal temperature condition.
In summary, when the experiment for simulating salt and alkali stress is performed on the fine seeds after the initial selection of water culture under normal and low temperature conditions, the growth condition of the seeds is better than that under the low temperature condition when the experiment for simulating salt and alkali stress is performed on the seeds under the normal temperature condition, and the growth condition is best when the alkalinity of the seeds is 0.60% -0.70%.
In step S2, the data of the salt and alkali stress simulation test needs to be comprehensively analyzed, the germination of the seeds, the seedling root activity and the soluble protein content are recorded, and the pH value, the salinity value and the carbonate content of the solution are determined, specifically, according to the table, the salt concentration of the NaCl solution increases after 0.60%, and the germination of the seeds, the seedling root activity and the soluble protein content decrease.
The salt content of the saline-alkali soil in the step S4 is 2.0-6.0 g.kg-1In this case, the salt content of the saline-alkali soil is medium-low salinity soil, and the salt content of the saline-alkali soil is 2.0 g/kg-1、 4.0g·kg-1And 6.0 g.kg-1And planting the concentration of 0.60% NaCl concentration solution in the saline-alkali stress simulation experiment, so as to screen and determine the salt-resistant cabbage type winter rape varieties in saline-alkali lands with different contents.
The first embodiment is as follows: the salt and alkali stress experiment is carried out at the NaCl concentration of 0.60 percentThe salt content of the seeds of the same variety in saline-alkali soil is 2.0 g/kg-1Planting the overwintering character of growth when planting;
example two: the salt content of seeds of different varieties subjected to the salt and alkali stress experiment with the NaCl concentration of 0.60 percent is 4.0 g/kg in the saline-alkali soil-1Planting the overwintering character of growth when planting;
| plant height (cm) | Effective Branch Point Density (cm) | Length of main shaft (cm) | |
| Variety A | 139.5 | 3.0 | 45.2 |
| Variety B | 149.0 | 3.2 | 54.2 |
| Variety C | 149.2 | 3.4 | 58.2 |
Example three: the salt content of seeds of different varieties subjected to the salt and alkali stress experiment with the NaCl concentration of 0.60 percent is 6.0 g/kg in the saline-alkali soil-1Planting the overwintering character of growth when planting;
| plant height (cm) | Effective Branch Point Density (cm) | Length of main shaft (cm) | |
| Variety A | 135.3 | 3.4 | 45.2 |
| Variety B | 143.5 | 3.6 | 52.3 |
| Variety C | 145.7 | 3.8 | 55.4 |
In summary, when the seeds of different species are subjected to the salt and alkali stress test in the NaCl solution with the concentration of 0.60%, the seeds germinate,The seedling has the best root activity and soluble protein content, and the salt content of the seedling in saline-alkali soil is 2.0 g.kg-1When the hybrid is planted, the overwintering character of the seeds is the best when the hybrid is planted, the overwintering character effect of the seeds of the variety C is the best, and the seeds of the variety B are the second best.
Selecting seeds of B variety and C variety, repeating the above steps, and making the seeds have a content higher than 6.0 g/kg in ultralow temperature and saline-alkali soil-1The following data were obtained for the planting treatment:
| plant height (cm) | Effective Branch Point Density (cm) | Length of main shaft (cm) | |
| Variety B | 140.5 | 3.4 | 51.8 |
| Variety C | 135.6 | 3.2 | 49.6 |
In conclusion, according to the overwintering character data, the overwintering character of the seeds of the B variety is superior to that of the seeds of the C variety when the seeds of the B variety are planted in the soil environment with ultralow temperature and high saline-alkali content.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for screening strong salt-resistant germplasm of Chinese cabbage type winter rape is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: water culture initial selection: selecting different varieties of cabbage type winter rape, preparing water culture solution with the same concentration, observing the bud stage of the cabbage type winter rape, comprehensively analyzing and recording the germination vigor, the germination rate and the germination index of the cabbage type winter rape, selecting a seed plant with excellent growth vigor, and reserving the seed plant for later use after the seed plant is mature;
s2: simulating saline-alkali stress: preparing saline-alkaline solutions with different concentrations, and performing a saline-alkaline stress simulation test on seeds of the excellent plants in the step S1 in the saline-alkaline solution;
s3: screening salt-tolerant varieties: observing the salt and alkali stress simulation test in the step S2, and screening a plurality of salt-tolerant varieties according to the germination vigor, the germination rate and the germination index of the seeds of the superior variety;
s4: salt soil test: determining the salt content of the saline-alkali soil, selecting medium and low salinity soil for testing, and carrying out regional planting treatment on a plurality of salt-tolerant varieties screened in the step S3 in the medium and low salinity soil;
s5: and (3) determination: during the growth period of the cabbage type rape variety, carrying out physiological detection, and measuring and recording the plant type character of the rape variety;
s6: and (3) overwintering character analysis and determination: and (4) performing wintering property observation on the rape varieties of different varieties in the step (S5), and determining the best salt tolerance cabbage type winter rape according to the plant type characters.
2. The method for screening the strong salt-resistant germplasm of Brassica napus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the excellent plant seeds obtained in step S1 are subjected to spray sterilization treatment to remove sclerotium and hyphae on the surface of the seeds, and the seeds are subjected to distilled water washing treatment for several times.
3. The method for screening the strong salt-resistant germplasm of Brassica campestris in claim 1, wherein the saline alkaline solution in step S2 is NaCl solution with concentration of 0.20% -0.90%, and the concentration is set in 0.10% growth type step.
4. The method for screening the strong salt-resistant germplasm of Brassica napus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data of the salt and alkali stress simulation test performed in step S2 is subjected to comprehensive analysis, the germination of seeds, the root activity of seedlings and the content of soluble protein are recorded, and the pH value, salinity value and carbonate content of the solution are determined.
5. The method for screening the strong salt-resistant germplasm of Brassica napus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the salt content of the saline-alkali soil in step S4 is 2.0-6.0 g/kg-1。
6. The method for screening the strong salt-resistant germplasm of Brassica campestris in claim 5, wherein in step S4, the amount of phosphate fertilizer with the same concentration is added in the seedling stage of Brassica campestris seeds, and the weeding, soil loosening and irrigation treatments are enhanced.
7. The method for screening the strong salt-resistant germplasm of Brassica napus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant type traits of the Brassica napus variety in step S5 include leaf length, width, petiole length, plant height, leaf color, stem thickness, main axis length and effective branch point number.
8. The method for screening the strong salt-resistant germplasm of Brassica napus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant type of the oilseed rape plants in step S6 comprises stolonizing property, semi-erectness and erectness.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115067206A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-20 | 山西农业大学园艺学院 | Screening method and screening device for saline-alkali tolerant garden ground cover plants |
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| CN109618593A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of fast method of rape seed selection of salt tolerance |
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| CN115067206A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-20 | 山西农业大学园艺学院 | Screening method and screening device for saline-alkali tolerant garden ground cover plants |
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