CN107047290A - The breeding method of salt resistance alkali edible sunflower - Google Patents
The breeding method of salt resistance alkali edible sunflower Download PDFInfo
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- CN107047290A CN107047290A CN201710417148.9A CN201710417148A CN107047290A CN 107047290 A CN107047290 A CN 107047290A CN 201710417148 A CN201710417148 A CN 201710417148A CN 107047290 A CN107047290 A CN 107047290A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of breeding method of salt resistance alkali edible sunflower, belong to agricultural breeding technical field.This method comprises the following steps：1) indoor preliminary screening；2) crop field is screened；3) F1 generation is screened；4) F2 is for initial screening；5) F2 is for final election；6) elite plant strain is selected；7) Yield comparison is tested；8) variety certification.The present invention is directed to the breeding objective of salt resistance alkali, first passes through the kind that indoor and crop field filters out salt resistance alkali, then allows it to hybridize, filter out the kind than parent's more salt resistance alkali, and persistently track saline-alkali tolerance shape for lock onto target character in morning and obtain quick homozygosis, accelerate breeding selection effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural breeding technical field, specifically a kind of breeding method of salt resistance alkali edible sunflower.
Background technology
The salinization of soil turns into a world problem, and saline-alkali soil is distributed in different continents, in recent years phase area
Rapid to expand, salinization and alkalization is constantly aggravated, especially even more serious in Arid＆semi-arid area, and China salt-soda soil there are about more than 300
Ten thousand hectares, it is mainly distributed on northeast, North China, the irrigated agricultural area or dry agricuture area and North of Yangtze River edge in Northwest inland area
Haiti band, because rainfall is few, evaporation is strong, unsuitable to irrigate, and it is not smooth to add subdrainage, causes low water level to raise,
The degree of mineralization of ground water is high, and then generates the salinization of soil.
Many countries have all carried out the research work that alkaline land improving is utilized in the world, and achieve it is a series of into
Really, when Russia started nutritional farmland shelter-forest before 150 years, a part is just built on salt-soda soil, the twenties, serious to solve grain
Deficiency, Chinese medicine position is mentioned by the modified utilization in salt-soda soil, since the forties, and the Soviet Union is to plant salt tolerance alkalescence, alkaline land improvement
The influence to level of ground water of seeds, afforestation technology, seed selection saline alkali tolerant plant, forest belt, the relation of level of ground water and salt-soda soil, trees
The problems such as modified utilization to salt-soda soil, Pedotransfer function, compares in-depth study.
At present, scientific research and production practices both domestic and external show, salt-soda soil exploitation is planted Salt And Alkali Tolerance and can improved saline and alkaline
The plant of environment is the improvement maximally effective measure in salt-soda soil, therefore, cultivates and introduce Salt And Alkali Tolerance, drought-resistant crop and its product
Kind, it is to adjust development crop production in crop mix, improve the important measures of farmers' income.
Edible sunflower belongs to composite family, Helianthus, the features such as with drought resisting, resistance to lean, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, wide adaptability, suitably
Planted in the poor salt-soda soil of working condition and poor rainfed land, and soil erosion can be reduced, for saline and alkaline with improved soil structure
The development of area and arid area is significant.But arid it is saline and alkaline be also limit edible sunflower high yield and high quality it is main because
Element, therefore, the primary mesh of seed selection salt resistance alkali and the edible sunflower kind of high yield and high quality as breeder rapidly and efficiently
Mark.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to provide a kind of breeding method of salt resistance alkali edible sunflower.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme.
1) indoor preliminary screening：It is 0.5%-0.8%NaCl solution and material that mass concentration is added in common sand
The NaOH solution that concentration is 1mol/L is measured, the pH of regulation sand is 8.6-9.0, keeps the water content of sand in 21%-23%, matches somebody with somebody
Into saline and alkaline sand as Germination textures, seedling stage salt resistance alkali preliminary screening is carried out to 50-100 parts of edible sunflower kinds, will be saline and alkaline
Sand is mounted in specification in 19cm × 13cm × 12cm germination box, edible sunflower seed is disappeared with 2%NaOH+0.5%NaCl
After malicious 20-30min, rinsed well, after drying naturally, be sowed in germination box with clear water, then cover 1-2cm saline and alkaline sand, be capped
After be placed in temperature for 25-28 DEG C, after humidity is culture 10-12d in 70%-75% incubator, emergence rate is investigated, according to emerging
The height of rate, selects 10-20 parts of materials from high to low；
2) crop field is screened：10-20 part materials of above-mentioned screening are planted in pH8.6-9.0, ESP 20%-30%'s is saline and alkaline
In ground, the situation of emerging using kind is as reference directly perceived, during occurring from two panels cotyledon to 3-4 piece true leaves every 7d investigation once
Emergence rate, does not during which water experimental field, using the height of the robustness of seedling and emergence rate as screening index, filters out from high to low
2 parts of materials；
3) F1 generation is screened：By filter out 2 parts of materials, using economical character it is excellent as female parent, another is used as male parent
Hybridized, obtain F1 generation, next year F1 generation is planted in non-salt-soda soil, removed to mix after pseudostationary and receive, obtain F2 generations；
4) F2 is for initial screening：In F2 generations, are planted in pH8.6-9.0, ESP 20%-30% salt-soda soil, spacing in the rows 30-
35cm, plant 70-75cm, while salt resistance alkali check variety female parent and male parent are planted, according to the saline and alkaline injury to sunflower plant,
Using ocular estimate with reference to check variety, select more sturdy than adjoining tree, the big and green individual plant of blade carries out salt resistance alkali primary screener,
Listed to carry out mark, pouring water allows its continued growth；
5) F2 is for final election：After the plant of primary screener is ripe, indoors to its plant height, thick stem, disk footpath, disk grain after harvest
Number, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel carry out species test and are compared with compareing, according to species test result to each index of selected individual plant less than control
Eliminated again, it is selected to be used as F3 generations；
6) elite plant strain is selected：F3 is continued to be planted in formation F4 generations in salt-soda soil for individual plant, it is relative in saline-alkali tolerance shape
Elite plant strain is selected in stable strain group, identification garden is directly entered, to there is the further menu strain of the strain of separation；
7) Yield comparison is tested：Selected F4 is subjected to Yield comparison experiment for elite plant strain in salt-soda soil, it is given birth to
Phase, resistance, yielding ability progress comprehensive survey analysis are educated, is directly joined according to yield and comprehensive survey result selection excellent strain next year
Plus regional testing；
8) variety certification：Selected kind is carried out to 2-3 regional testing, regional testing economical character in different points
Excellent carry out pilot production is showed with economic characters, variety certification is carried out according to the result of regional testing and pilot production.
The advantageous effects of the present invention：The present invention is directed to the salt resistance alkali breeding objective of edible sunflower, first passes through interior
The edible sunflower kind of salt resistance alkali is filtered out with crop field, then allows it to hybridize, the kind than parent's more salt resistance alkali is filtered out, and
In morning for lock onto target character, persistently track saline-alkali tolerance shape and obtain quick homozygosis, accelerate breeding selection effect.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment further make detailed elaboration to technical scheme, but the not all present invention in pairs
Scope is limited.
Embodiment
The edible sunflower new varieties of salt resistance alkali can be selected in this way, and the flourishing Yongtai agricultural in such as Minqin County is limited
Unconcerned No. 6 methods using the present invention of gold of company's seed selection are selected, and it collects high yield, salt resistance alkali, resistant to lodging, seed business
Moral character is integrated well, is an economical character and economic characters excellent edible sunflower new varieties.By taking golden desert 6 as an example,
Embodiment is as follows：
1) indoor preliminary screening：It is 0.6%NaCl solution and substance withdrawl syndrome that mass concentration is added in common sand
For 1mol/L NaOH solution, the pH of regulation sand is 8.8, keeps the water content of sand 21%, is made into saline and alkaline sand conduct
88 parts of edible sunflower kinds being collected into are carried out seedling stage salt resistance alkali preliminary screening, by saline and alkaline sand mounted in rule by Germination textures
Lattice are that in 19cm × 13cm × 12cm germination box, edible sunflower seed is sterilized after 20min with 2%NaOH+0.5%NaCl,
Rinsed well, after drying naturally, be sowed in germination box with clear water, then cover 1cm saline and alkaline sand, it is 25 that temperature is placed in after capping
DEG C, after humidity is culture 10d in 70% incubator, emergence rate is investigated, according to the height of emergence rate, 12 are have selected from high to low
Part material；
2) crop field is screened：12 parts of materials of above-mentioned screening are planted in pH 8.8, ESP 28% salt-soda soil, with kind
Situation of emerging as reference directly perceived, investigate an emergence rate every 7d during occurring from two panels cotyledon to 3 true leaves, during which try
Do not water with testing, using the height of the robustness of seedling and emergence rate as screening index, 2 parts of materials have been filtered out from high to low；
3) F1 generation is screened：By filter out 2 parts of materials, using the excellent HF415 of Comprehensive Traits as female parent, another
W3638 is hybridized as male parent, obtains F1 generation, next year F1 generation is planted in non-salt-soda soil, is removed to mix after pseudostationary and is received, obtains F2
Generation；
4) F2 is for initial screening：In F2 generations, are planted in pH8.8, ESP 25% salt-soda soil, spacing in the rows 30cm, plant 70cm,
Salt resistance alkali check variety female parent HF415 and male parent W3638 is planted simultaneously, according to the saline and alkaline injury to sunflower plant, using mesh
Survey method selects more sturdy than adjoining tree with reference to check variety, and the big and green individual plant of blade carries out salt resistance alkali primary screener, listed to do
Good mark, pouring water allows its continued growth；
5) F2 is for final election：After the plant of primary screener is ripe, indoors to its plant height, thick stem, disk footpath, disk grain after harvest
Number, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel etc. carry out species test simultaneously be compared with compareing, according to species test result to each index of selected individual plant less than pair
According to eliminated again, it is selected to be used as F3 generations；
6) elite plant strain is selected：F3 is continued to be planted in formation F4 generations in salt-soda soil for individual plant, it is relative in saline-alkali tolerance shape
Elite plant strain is selected in stable strain group, identification garden is directly entered, to there is the further menu strain of the strain of separation；
7) Yield comparison is tested：Selected F4 is subjected to Yield comparison experiment for elite plant strain in salt-soda soil, it is given birth to
Phase, resistance, yielding ability progress comprehensive survey analysis are educated, is directly joined according to yield and comprehensive survey result selection excellent strain next year
Plus regional testing；
8) variety certification：Selected kind carries out to the regional testing of 3 years in different points, regional testing economical character and
Economic characters show excellent carry out pilot production, and variety certification is carried out according to the result of regional testing and pilot production.
Claims (1)
1. the breeding method of salt resistance alkali edible sunflower, it is characterised in that use following steps：
1) indoor preliminary screening：Mass concentration is added in common sand dense for the amount of 0.5%-0.8%NaCl solution and material
The NaOH solution for 1mol/L is spent, the pH of regulation sand is 8.6-9.0, keeps the water content of sand in 21%-23%, is made into salt
Alkali sand carries out seedling stage salt resistance alkali preliminary screening, by saline and alkaline sand as Germination textures to 50-100 parts of edible sunflower kinds
Mounted in specification in 19cm × 13cm × 12cm germination box, edible sunflower seed sterilizes 20- with 2%NaOH+0.5%NaCl
After 30min, rinsed well, after drying naturally, be sowed in germination box with clear water, then cover 1-2cm saline and alkaline sand, be placed in after capping
Temperature is 25-28 DEG C, after humidity is culture 10-12d in 70%-75% incubator, emergence rate is investigated, according to the height of emergence rate
It is low, 10-20 parts of materials are selected from high to low；
2) crop field is screened：10-20 part materials of above-mentioned screening are planted in pH8.6-9.0, ESP 20%-30% salt-soda soil
In, the situation of emerging using kind once goes out as reference directly perceived during occurring from two panels cotyledon to 3-4 piece true leaves every 7d investigation
Seedling rate, is not during which watered experimental field, and using the height of the robustness of seedling and emergence rate as screening index, 2 are filtered out from high to low
Part material；
3) F1 generation is screened：By filter out 2 parts of materials, using economical character it is excellent as female parent, another is carried out as male parent
Hybridization, obtains F1 generation, next year F1 generation is planted in non-salt-soda soil, removes to mix after pseudostationary and receives, obtains F2 generations；
4) F2 is for initial screening：In F2 generations, are planted in pH8.6-9.0, ESP 20%-30% salt-soda soil, spacing in the rows 30-35cm, strain
Row 70-75cm, while salt resistance alkali check variety female parent and male parent are planted, according to the saline and alkaline injury to sunflower plant, using mesh
Survey method selects more sturdy than adjoining tree with reference to check variety, and the big and green individual plant of blade carries out salt resistance alkali primary screener, listed to do
Good mark, pouring water allows its continued growth；
5) F2 is for final election：After the plant of primary screener is ripe, after harvest indoors to its plant height, thick stem, disk footpath, disk grain number,
Setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel carry out species test and are compared with compareing, according to species test result to each index of selected individual plant less than control
Eliminated again, it is selected to be used as F3 generations；
6) elite plant strain is selected：F3 is continued to be planted in formation F4 generations in salt-soda soil for individual plant, stablized relatively in saline-alkali tolerance shape
Strain group in select elite plant strain, identification garden is directly entered, to there is the strain of the strain of separation further menu；
7) Yield comparison is tested：Selected F4 is subjected to Yield comparison experiment for elite plant strain in salt-soda soil, to its breeding time,
Resistance, yielding ability carry out comprehensive survey analysis, directly participate in area according to yield and comprehensive survey result selection excellent strain next year
Test in domain；
8) variety certification：Selected kind is carried out to 2-3 regional testing, regional testing economical character and warp in different points
Ji character shows excellent carry out pilot production, and variety certification is carried out according to the result of regional testing and pilot production.
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| CN201710417148.9A CN107047290B (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | The breeding method of salt resistance alkali edible sunflower |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107810858A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-20 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | One kind views and admires sunflower stock breeding method |
| CN109452163A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-12 | 贵州省油料研究所 | A kind of method that ornamental type is selfed the pale reddish brown new lines initiative of high setting percentage sunflower |
| CN111264116A (en) * | 2020-03-08 | 2020-06-12 | 盘锦大工碱蓬生物科技有限公司 | Large-scale suaeda salsa coastal mudflat repairing method and device using underground cultivation land |
| CN114916390A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-19 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | Breeding method for improving wheat seedling stage adaptability |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105830915A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-10 | 运城学院 | Method for screening salt-resistant sunflower varieties |
| CN106717289A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-05-31 | 民勤县全盛永泰农业有限公司 | A kind of method for improving arid salt-soda soil edible sunflower percentage of seedgermination |
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2017
- 2017-06-06 CN CN201710417148.9A patent/CN107047290B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105830915A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-10 | 运城学院 | Method for screening salt-resistant sunflower varieties |
| CN106717289A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-05-31 | 民勤县全盛永泰农业有限公司 | A kind of method for improving arid salt-soda soil edible sunflower percentage of seedgermination |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 安玉麟等: "耐盐碱向日葵杂交种鉴定筛选及机理研究", 《华北农学报》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107810858A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-20 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | One kind views and admires sunflower stock breeding method |
| CN109452163A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-12 | 贵州省油料研究所 | A kind of method that ornamental type is selfed the pale reddish brown new lines initiative of high setting percentage sunflower |
| CN111264116A (en) * | 2020-03-08 | 2020-06-12 | 盘锦大工碱蓬生物科技有限公司 | Large-scale suaeda salsa coastal mudflat repairing method and device using underground cultivation land |
| CN114916390A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-19 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | Breeding method for improving wheat seedling stage adaptability |
| CN114916390B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2024-03-08 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | Breeding method for improving adaptability of wheat in seedling stage |
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