CN109463221B - Method for screening drought-tolerant cabbage type rape variety - Google Patents
Method for screening drought-tolerant cabbage type rape variety Download PDFInfo
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- CN109463221B CN109463221B CN201811609216.2A CN201811609216A CN109463221B CN 109463221 B CN109463221 B CN 109463221B CN 201811609216 A CN201811609216 A CN 201811609216A CN 109463221 B CN109463221 B CN 109463221B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for screening drought-enduring brassica napus varieties, which comprises the following steps: selecting full, uniform and disease-free cabbage type rape seeds, sterilizing, sowing, and covering with a substrate; dividing the obtained cabbage type rape seedlings into a drought treatment group, a control group 1 and a control group 2; the drought treatment group is planted by using an organic ecological culture medium, drought treatment is carried out when 4 leaves and 1 heart grow, the relative humidity of the medium is reduced to 30% in a stepped mode, and drought is maintained; the control group 1 adopts organic ecological culture medium for planting, and the relative humidity of the medium is always maintained at 75%; the control group 2 was planted with soil matrix, and the relative humidity of the matrix was always maintained at 75%; respectively counting the underground fresh weight of each cabbage type rape of the drought treatment group, the control 1 group and the control 2 group; and (4) calculating the drought resistance value of each variety. The method has the advantages of low cost, high drought tolerance detection accuracy, short detection period, easy operation and convenient popularization and implementation in various places.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant variety screening, in particular to a method for screening drought-tolerant cabbage type rape varieties.
Background
Cabbage type rape, one of the three major types of rape, originates in europe, and is currently distributed in the northern parts of europe and the southeast grassland areas of canada in many cases. Introduced by Korea, Japan and England in China in the 30 s of the 20 th century, the rape seed oil is widely distributed in China, and particularly, the distribution of the main rape production areas of various provinces of Yangtze river basin is most concentrated. In addition, the cabbage type rape plants have certain salt tolerance and are important plant resources for developing and utilizing coastal mudflats and inland saline-alkali soil in China. However, because the germination period and the seedling period of the brassica napus seeds are sensitive to salt stress and the germination of the seeds is inhibited under medium and high salinity, the phenomenon of seedling shortage often occurs when the brassica napus seeds are cultivated in a large area in saline-alkali soil with uneven salinity. The method improves the salt tolerance of the cabbage rape in the germination period and the seedling period, and has important significance for realizing the cultivation and utilization of the cabbage rape in saline-alkali beach areas and the development of saline-alkali lands. Therefore, improving the drought resistance of crop varieties has become a major topic of agricultural research in arid and semi-arid regions; and accurately combines the drought resistance of crop varieties, and is a necessary foundation for cultivating drought-resistant varieties. The drought resistance identification is the process of screening, evaluating and classifying according to the drought resistance of crop varieties; high-quality germplasm can be provided for drought-resistant breeding through drought-resistant identification. Although different researchers do research work on drought resistance of the cabbage type rape from various aspects and beneficial discussion is carried out for knowing the drought resistance of the cabbage type rape, the screening of the existing drought-tolerant cabbage type rape variety has the defects of low accuracy and the like, and a method for cultivating the drought-tolerant cabbage type rape variety with easily controlled cultivation environment, easy operation and high accuracy is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for screening drought-tolerant cabbage type rape varieties, which has the advantages of low cost, high drought-tolerant detection accuracy, short detection period, easy operation and convenient popularization and implementation in various places.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for screening drought-enduring brassica napus varieties, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting full, uniform and disease-free cabbage type rape seeds, disinfecting, sowing in a planting tank in a dibbling mode, and covering with a substrate after sowing; thinning when the cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 2 true leaves, selecting healthy seedlings with consistent growth vigor, and reserving 30 cabbage type rape seedlings in each cultivation groove; wherein the substrate is an organic ecological culture substrate or a soil substrate; the relative humidity of the substrate is controlled to be 75 percent; step S2, dividing the cabbage type rape seedlings into a drought treatment group, a comparison 1 group and a comparison 2 group; the drought treatment group adopts organic ecological culture medium for planting, when cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 4 leaves and 1 heart, the drought treatment is carried out, the relative humidity of the medium is reduced to 30 percent in a stepped mode, and the drought is maintained for a plurality of days; the control group 1 adopts organic ecological culture medium for planting, and the relative humidity of the medium is always maintained at 75%; the control group 2 was planted with soil matrix, and the relative humidity of the matrix was always maintained at 75%; step S3, respectively counting the fresh weight of the underground part of each cabbage type rape of the drought treatment group, the comparison 1 group and the comparison 2 group, wherein the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the 30 cabbage type rapes in a single cultivation groove is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes in the cultivation groove, and the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the cabbage type rapes in a plurality of cultivation grooves corresponding to each group is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes under the treatment; step S4, calculating drought resistance values of all cabbage type rape varieties, wherein the larger the drought resistance value is, the stronger the drought resistance of the corresponding cabbage type rape variety is; the drought resistance value of a single cabbage type rape variety is (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the average value of the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of all identified varieties) × (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the comparison group of the variety 1); wherein, the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group is the fresh weight of the underground part of the drought treatment group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the contrast 2 groups, and the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the contrast 1 group is the fresh weight of the underground part of the contrast 1 group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the contrast 2 groups. It should be noted that, for the accuracy of drought resistance identification, when the drought resistance value of a single cabbage type rape variety is calculated, a relative value is adopted so as to eliminate background interference caused by the culture medium.
Preferably, in step S1, the raw material components of the organic ecological culture medium include corn stalks, decomposed cow dung, rice hulls, slag and wormcast; the organic ecological culture medium is fermented and decomposed before use.
Further preferably, in step S1, the mass ratio of the corn stalks, the decomposed cow dung, the rice hulls, the slag and the wormcast is 2: 4: 1: 3: 3.
preferably, in step S1, carbendazim is added in an amount of 1g per 10L of the organic ecological culture medium.
Preferably, in step S1, the physicochemical properties of the organic ecological culture medium include: the volume weight is 0.71g/cm3The total porosity was 78%, the gas permeability pore was 16%, the water retention pore was 62%, the pH was 7.1, the conductivity was 3.68ms/cm, and the cation exchange capacity was 62 cmol/kg.
Preferably, the entire screening process is carried out in a smart greenhouse with the greenhouse air at a relative humidity of 70% and a temperature of 20 ℃.
Preferably, in step S1, the cultivation tank has a length of 100cm, a width of 50cm and a depth of 30 cm.
Preferably, in step S1, the covering thickness of the substrate is 1.5-2.5 cm, preferably 2 cm.
Preferably, in step S2, the drought-treated group, the control 1 group and the control 2 group respectively include three cultivation tanks.
Preferably, in step S2, the number of days is 40 days.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) for plants, the development degree of underground root systems determines the strength of drought resistance; the applicant intends to identify the drought resistance of different varieties of the same plant according to the development degree of the underground root system, but the development degree of the root system is greatly influenced by the matrix. The culture substrate is more suitable for the growth of plant roots than the soil, for example, the total porosity of the culture substrate is larger than that of the soil substrate. In order to create a good growing environment for the root system, a cultivation substrate suitable for the plant needs to be developed firstly. The invention determines the most suitable formula of the organic ecological culture medium for the cabbage type rape by researching the influence of different formula mediums on the growth vigor, the plant photosynthetic index, the root system, the yield and the quality of the cabbage type rape.
(2) Research shows that the drought resistance of different cabbage type rape varieties is closely related to the fresh weight of the underground part; the method for screening drought-tolerant cabbage type rape varieties provided by the invention has the advantages of low cost, high drought-tolerant detection accuracy, short detection period, easiness in operation and the like, and is convenient to popularize and implement in various places.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples were purchased from a conventional store unless otherwise specified. In the quantitative tests in the following examples, three replicates were set, and the data are the mean or the mean ± standard deviation of the three replicates.
Examples
The embodiment provides a method for screening drought-enduring brassica napus varieties, the whole screening process is carried out in an intelligent greenhouse, the relative humidity of greenhouse air is kept at 70%, the temperature is 20 ℃, and the screening specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1 (cabbage type rape seeding): selecting full, uniform and disease-free cabbage type rape seeds, disinfecting, sowing in a cultivation groove with the length of 100cm, the width of 50cm and the depth of 30cm, planting in a dibbling mode, and keeping reasonable plant spacing; covering 2cm with the substrate after sowing;
thinning when the cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 2 true leaves, selecting healthy seedlings with consistent growth vigor, and reserving 30 cabbage type rape seedlings in each cultivation groove on the basis of keeping reasonable plant spacing; wherein the substrate is an organic ecological culture substrate or a soil substrate; the relative humidity of the substrate of all the cultivation tanks is controlled to be 75% from sowing to before drought treatment; the organic ecological culture medium comprises the following raw material components in mass ratio of 2: 4: 1: 3: 3, adding 1g of carbendazim into every 10L of organic ecological culture medium, wherein the organic ecological culture medium is fermented and decomposed before use; the organic ecological culture medium is not pressed and tamped intentionally when in use, and has the following physical and chemical properties: the volume weight is 0.71g/cm3The total porosity was 78%, the gas permeability pore was 16%, the water retention pore was 62%, the pH was 7.1, the conductivity was 3.68ms/cm, and the cation exchange capacity was 62 cmol/kg.
Step S2 (drought treatment): dividing cabbage type rape seedlings into a drought treatment group, a control group 1 and a control group 2; each processing 3 cultivation grooves, and after thinning, each groove is reserved with 30 cabbage type rape seedlings:
drought treatment group (cultivation substrate drought treatment): planting by adopting an organic ecological culture medium, carrying out drought treatment when the cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 4 leaves and 1 heart, reducing the relative humidity of the medium to 30 percent in a stepped manner within a certain time, and maintaining the drought for 40 days;
control 1 group (normal water content of culture medium): planting by adopting an organic ecological culture medium, wherein the relative humidity of the medium is always maintained at 75%;
control 2 group (soil matrix water content normal): the soil matrix is adopted for planting, and the relative humidity of the matrix is always maintained at 75%.
Step S3 (data statistics): respectively counting the fresh weight of the underground part of each cabbage type rape of the drought treatment group, the comparison 1 group and the comparison 2 group, and calculating the average value of each cabbage type rape three times to obtain the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rape;
the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the 30 cabbage type rapes in the single cultivation groove is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes in the cultivation groove, and the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the cabbage type rapes in the three corresponding cultivation grooves in each group is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes in the group.
Step S4 (drought resistance calculation and drought resistance identification): calculating the drought resistance value of each cabbage type rape variety, wherein the larger the drought resistance value is, the stronger the drought resistance of the corresponding cabbage type rape variety is;
the drought resistance value of a single cabbage type rape variety is (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the average value of the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of all identified varieties) × (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the comparison group of the variety 1);
wherein, the fresh weight of the underground part of the drought treatment group is compared with the fresh weight of the underground part of the drought treatment group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the contrast 2 groups;
the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 1 group relative to the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 1 group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 2 group.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a method for screening drought-enduring brassica napus varieties, the whole screening process is carried out in an intelligent greenhouse, the relative humidity of the air in the greenhouse is kept at 70%, the temperature is 20 ℃, and the screening specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1 (cabbage type rape seeding): selecting full, uniform and disease-free cabbage type rape seeds, disinfecting, sowing in a cultivation groove with the length of 100cm, the width of 50cm and the depth of 30cm, planting in a dibbling mode, and keeping reasonable plant spacing; covering 2cm with the substrate after sowing;
thinning when the cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 2 true leaves, selecting healthy seedlings with consistent growth vigor, and reserving 30 cabbage type rape seedlings in each cultivation groove on the basis of keeping reasonable plant spacing; wherein the substrate is an organic ecological culture substrate or a soil substrate; the relative humidity of the substrate of all the cultivation tanks is controlled to be 75% from sowing to before drought treatment; the organic ecological culture medium comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass of 4: 4: 1: 3: 3, adding 1g of carbendazim into every 10L of organic ecological culture medium, wherein the organic ecological culture medium is fermented and decomposed before use; the organic ecological culture medium is not pressed and tamped intentionally when in use.
Step S2 (drought treatment): dividing cabbage type rape seedlings into a drought treatment group, a control group 1 and a control group 2; each processing 3 cultivation grooves, and after thinning, each groove is reserved with 30 cabbage type rape seedlings:
drought treatment group (cultivation substrate drought treatment): planting by adopting an organic ecological culture medium, carrying out drought treatment when the cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 4 leaves and 1 heart, reducing the relative humidity of the medium to 30 percent in a stepped manner within a certain time, and maintaining the drought for 40 days;
control 1 group (normal water content of culture medium): planting by adopting an organic ecological culture medium, wherein the relative humidity of the medium is always maintained at 75%;
control 2 group (soil matrix water content normal): the soil matrix is adopted for planting, and the relative humidity of the matrix is always maintained at 75%.
Step S3 (data statistics): respectively counting the fresh weight of the underground part of each cabbage type rape of the drought treatment group, the comparison 1 group and the comparison 2 group, and calculating the average value of each cabbage type rape three times to obtain the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rape;
the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the 30 cabbage type rapes in the single cultivation groove is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes in the cultivation groove, and the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the cabbage type rapes in the three corresponding cultivation grooves in each group is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes in the group.
Step S4 (drought resistance calculation and drought resistance identification): calculating the drought resistance value of each cabbage type rape variety, wherein the larger the drought resistance value is, the stronger the drought resistance of the corresponding cabbage type rape variety is;
the drought resistance value of a single cabbage type rape variety is (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the average value of the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of all identified varieties) × (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the comparison group of the variety 1);
wherein, the fresh weight of the underground part of the drought treatment group is compared with the fresh weight of the underground part of the drought treatment group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the contrast 2 groups;
the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 1 group relative to the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 1 group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 2 group.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a method for screening drought-enduring brassica napus varieties, the whole screening process is carried out in an intelligent greenhouse, the relative humidity of the air in the greenhouse is kept at 70%, the temperature is 20 ℃, and the screening specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1 (cabbage type rape seeding): selecting full, uniform and disease-free cabbage type rape seeds, disinfecting, sowing in a cultivation groove with the length of 100cm, the width of 50cm and the depth of 30cm, planting in a dibbling mode, and keeping reasonable plant spacing; covering 2cm with the substrate after sowing;
thinning when the cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 2 true leaves, selecting healthy seedlings with consistent growth vigor, and reserving 30 cabbage type rape seedlings in each cultivation groove on the basis of keeping reasonable plant spacing; wherein the substrate is an organic ecological culture substrate or a soil substrate; the relative humidity of the substrate of all the cultivation tanks is controlled to be 75% from sowing to before drought treatment; the organic ecological culture medium comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass of 4: 1: 3: 3, adding 1g of carbendazim into each 10L of organic ecological culture medium of decomposed cow dung, rice hulls, furnace slag and wormcast, and fermenting and decomposing the organic ecological culture medium before use; the organic ecological culture medium is not pressed and tamped intentionally when in use.
Step S2 (drought treatment): dividing cabbage type rape seedlings into a drought treatment group, a control group 1 and a control group 2; each processing 3 cultivation grooves, and after thinning, each groove is reserved with 30 cabbage type rape seedlings:
drought treatment group (cultivation substrate drought treatment): planting by adopting an organic ecological culture medium, carrying out drought treatment when the cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 4 leaves and 1 heart, reducing the relative humidity of the medium to 30 percent in a stepped manner within a certain time, and maintaining the drought for 40 days;
control 1 group (normal water content of culture medium): planting by adopting an organic ecological culture medium, wherein the relative humidity of the medium is always maintained at 75%;
control 2 group (soil matrix water content normal): the soil matrix is adopted for planting, and the relative humidity of the matrix is always maintained at 75%.
Step S3 (data statistics): respectively counting the fresh weight of the underground part of each cabbage type rape of the drought treatment group, the comparison 1 group and the comparison 2 group, and calculating the average value of each cabbage type rape three times to obtain the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rape;
the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the 30 cabbage type rapes in the single cultivation groove is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes in the cultivation groove, and the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the cabbage type rapes in the three corresponding cultivation grooves in each group is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes in the group.
Step S4 (drought resistance calculation and drought resistance identification): calculating the drought resistance value of each cabbage type rape variety, wherein the larger the drought resistance value is, the stronger the drought resistance of the corresponding cabbage type rape variety is;
the drought resistance value of a single cabbage type rape variety is (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the average value of the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of all identified varieties) × (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the comparison group of the variety 1);
wherein, the fresh weight of the underground part of the drought treatment group is compared with the fresh weight of the underground part of the drought treatment group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the contrast 2 groups;
the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 1 group relative to the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 1 group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 2 group.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a method for screening drought-enduring brassica napus varieties, the whole screening process is carried out in an intelligent greenhouse, the relative humidity of the air in the greenhouse is kept at 70%, the temperature is 20 ℃, and the screening specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1 (cabbage type rape seeding): selecting full, uniform and disease-free cabbage type rape seeds, disinfecting, sowing in a cultivation groove with the length of 100cm, the width of 50cm and the depth of 30cm, planting in a dibbling mode, and keeping reasonable plant spacing; covering 2cm with the substrate after sowing;
thinning when the cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 2 true leaves, selecting healthy seedlings with consistent growth vigor, and reserving 30 cabbage type rape seedlings in each cultivation groove on the basis of keeping reasonable plant spacing; wherein the substrate is an organic ecological culture substrate or a soil substrate; the relative humidity of the substrate of all the cultivation tanks is controlled to be 75% from sowing to before drought treatment; the organic ecological culture medium comprises the following raw material components in mass ratio of 2: 4: 1: 3, adding 1g of carbendazim into each 10L of organic ecological culture medium, wherein the organic ecological culture medium is fermented and decomposed before use; the organic ecological culture medium is not pressed and tamped intentionally when in use.
Step S2 (drought treatment): dividing cabbage type rape seedlings into a drought treatment group, a control group 1 and a control group 2; each processing 3 cultivation grooves, and after thinning, each groove is reserved with 30 cabbage type rape seedlings:
drought treatment group (cultivation substrate drought treatment): planting by adopting an organic ecological culture medium, carrying out drought treatment when the cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 4 leaves and 1 heart, reducing the relative humidity of the medium to 30 percent in a stepped manner within a certain time, and maintaining the drought for 40 days;
control 1 group (normal water content of culture medium): planting by adopting an organic ecological culture medium, wherein the relative humidity of the medium is always maintained at 75%;
control 2 group (soil matrix water content normal): the soil matrix is adopted for planting, and the relative humidity of the matrix is always maintained at 75%.
Step S3 (data statistics): respectively counting the fresh weight of the underground part of each cabbage type rape of the drought treatment group, the comparison 1 group and the comparison 2 group, and calculating the average value of each cabbage type rape three times to obtain the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rape;
the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the 30 cabbage type rapes in the single cultivation groove is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes in the cultivation groove, and the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the cabbage type rapes in the three corresponding cultivation grooves in each group is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes in the group.
Step S4 (drought resistance calculation and drought resistance identification): calculating the drought resistance value of each cabbage type rape variety, wherein the larger the drought resistance value is, the stronger the drought resistance of the corresponding cabbage type rape variety is;
the drought resistance value of a single cabbage type rape variety is (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the average value of the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of all identified varieties) × (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the comparison group of the variety 1);
wherein, the fresh weight of the underground part of the drought treatment group is compared with the fresh weight of the underground part of the drought treatment group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the contrast 2 groups;
the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 1 group relative to the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 1 group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the control 2 group.
The underground fresh weight growth conditions of the brassica napus obtained in the examples and comparative examples 1 to 3 of the present invention were observed, and compared with the underground fresh weight of the brassica napus obtained by the conventional screening method, and the specific results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 fresh weight growth of underground parts of Brassica napus of different groups
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative steps, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. In all examples shown and described herein, unless otherwise specified, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and thus other examples of example embodiments may have different values.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (5)
1. A method for screening drought-tolerant cabbage type rape varieties is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting full, uniform and disease-free cabbage type rape seeds, disinfecting, sowing in a planting tank in a dibbling mode, and covering with a substrate after sowing; thinning when the cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 2 true leaves, selecting healthy seedlings with consistent growth vigor, and reserving 30 cabbage type rape seedlings in each cultivation groove; wherein the substrate is an organic ecological culture substrate or a soil substrate; the relative humidity of the substrate is controlled to be 75 percent;
step S2, dividing the cabbage type rape seedlings into a drought treatment group, a comparison 1 group and a comparison 2 group; the drought treatment group adopts organic ecological culture medium for planting, when cabbage type rape seedlings grow to 4 leaves and 1 heart, the drought treatment is carried out, the relative humidity of the medium is reduced to 30 percent in a stepped mode, and the drought is maintained for a plurality of days; the control group 1 adopts organic ecological culture medium for planting, and the relative humidity of the medium is always maintained at 75%; the control group 2 was planted with soil matrix, and the relative humidity of the matrix was always maintained at 75%;
step S3, respectively counting the fresh weight of the underground part of each cabbage type rape of the drought treatment group, the comparison 1 group and the comparison 2 group, wherein the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the 30 cabbage type rapes in a single cultivation groove is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes in the cultivation groove, and the average value of the fresh weights of the underground parts of the cabbage type rapes in a plurality of cultivation grooves corresponding to each group is the fresh weight of the underground part of the cabbage type rapes under the treatment;
step S4, calculating drought resistance values of all cabbage type rape varieties, wherein the larger the drought resistance value is, the stronger the drought resistance of the corresponding cabbage type rape variety is; the drought resistance value of a single cabbage type rape variety is (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the average value of the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of all identified varieties) × (the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group of the variety/the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the comparison group of the variety 1); wherein, the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the drought treatment group is the fresh weight of the underground part of the drought treatment group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the contrast 2 groups, and the fresh weight of the relative underground part of the contrast 1 group is the fresh weight of the underground part of the contrast 1 group/the fresh weight of the underground part of the contrast 2 groups;
in the step S1, the raw material components of the organic ecological culture medium include corn stalks, decomposed cow dung, rice hulls, slag and wormcast; the organic ecological culture medium is fermented and decomposed before use;
in the step S1, the mass ratio of the corn stalks, the decomposed cow dung, the rice hulls, the slag, and the wormcast is 2: 4: 1: 3: 3;
in the step S1, 1g of carbendazim is added into every 10L of organic ecological culture medium;
in step S1, the physicochemical properties of the organic ecological culture medium include: the volume weight is 0.71g/cm3The total porosity was 78%, the vent porosity was 16%, the water-holding porosity was 62%, the pH was 7.1, the conductivity was 3.68ms/cm, and the cation exchange capacity was 62 cmol/kg;
in the step S2, the number of days is 40 days.
2. The method of screening drought tolerant brassica napus varieties according to claim 1, wherein:
the whole screening process was carried out in an intelligent greenhouse with a relative humidity of 70% in the greenhouse air and a temperature of 20 ℃.
3. The method of screening drought tolerant brassica napus varieties according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step S1, the cultivation tank has a length of 100cm, a width of 50cm and a depth of 30 cm.
4. The method of screening drought tolerant brassica napus varieties according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step S1, the covering thickness of the substrate is 1.5-2.5 cm.
5. The method of screening drought tolerant brassica napus varieties according to claim 1, wherein:
in step S2, the drought-treated group, the control 1 group, and the control 2 group include three cultivation tanks, respectively.
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