CN101886198A - High-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for a cable and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.25-0.80 percent of iron element, 0.02-0.15 percent of boron element, 0.1-1.5 percent of rare earth element and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities. The aluminum alloy is formed by adding an aluminum alloy intermediate alloy, an aluminum-boron alloy and an aluminum-rare earth intermediate alloy into an aluminum ingot of which the purity is more than 99.80 percent by weight and carrying out a casting process and annealing treatment on the mixture. Compared with a common electric aluminum conductor, the prepared aluminum alloy conductor has more excellent conductive performance and the conductivity reaching or exceeding 62.5 percent IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard); the aluminum alloy conductor treated by using a special process has excellent flexibility and creep resistance; and compared with a common electric aluminum conductor, the prepared aluminum alloy material used as a cable extrusion insulating lead core is more energy-saving and safer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the nonferrous materials field, be specifically related to a kind of high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present the electric wire and cable conductor overwhelming majority adopts copper conductors, because copper resource anxiety, the copper valency is high, and copper conductor accounts for the about 70% of copper cable cost, and the cost of manufactured copper cable is too high.But bigger creep takes place in the use fine aluminium behind long-time running or the current overload, cause contact resistance too big, and is easily accidents caused, and bending property is bad, easy to crack or fracture, equally easily accidents caused.Though pass through anneal, can improve the bending property of common electrician's aluminium conductor, and electrical property is greatly improved also, but the intensity of fine aluminium conductor is too low after the anneal, the pull-off force of conductor reduces greatly, thereby too poor with security that makes cable and reliability.Can play creep-resistant property, bending property and the physical strength that changes fine aluminium by adding other element, but can cause the conductor resistance rate to increase owing to add other element, electroconductibility reduces greatly, thereby can cause line losses too big.So far also not relevant in alloy, adding iron and can obtaining the report of high electric conductivity.
Summary of the invention
A kind of bending property is provided purpose of the present invention and creep-resistant property is good, physical strength is high, have high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable of higher electric conductivity and preparation method thereof.
The present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, it is characterized in that this alloying constituent proportioning is, the shared weight percent of iron is: 0.25～0.80%, also contain at least a in boron and the rare earth, described boron accounts for the weight alloy percentage range: 0.02～0.15%, the shared weight alloy percentage range of described rare earth is: 0.1～1.5%, and all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities.
In the technique scheme, rich cerium of rare earth element and lanthanum, wherein the minimum weight percentage composition of individual element is not less than 0.05%.The weight percentage of rare earth element preferred 0.30～1.0%.By weight percentage, content＜0.03% of the impurity silicon in the described alloy, described other single content＜0.01% of planting impurity element, other content of impurities＜0.1%.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, the preparation method is:
1) heat fused aluminium ingot, and make temperature remain on 730～780 ℃, add the alloying element melting, and regulate alloying constituent to setting range, be cast into aluminum alloy casting again,
2) aluminum alloy casting is imported milling train, the temperature that imports milling train is 450～500 ℃, and it is 330～350 ℃ that the derivation milling train becomes the finishing temperature of aluminium alloy rod,
3) carry out the self-annealing processing with putting into the insulation cellar for storing things after the aluminium alloy rod lopping after rolling rapidly, the time is 5-10h.
4) aluminium alloy rod is carried out the cold-drawn aluminum alloy line that is processed into,
5) aluminum alloy line that is drawn into is carried out strands.
6) described aluminium alloy conductor is carried out anneal, annealing temperature is 360～380 ℃, and the time is 20～30h.
In the technique scheme, described aluminium ingot adopts the high purity aluminium ingot of purity greater than 99.80wt%.Described aluminium alloy conductor material is as solid conductor or strands conductor.Rare earth element, wherein the minimum weight percentage composition of individual element is not less than 0.05%.The weight percentage of rare earth element preferred 0.30～1.0%.By weight percentage, content＜0.03% of the impurity silicon in the described alloy, described other single content＜0.01% of planting impurity element, other content of impurities＜0.1%.
The present invention obtains following technique effect:
1) percentage composition of the iron among the present invention is controlled between 0.25～0.80wt%, because a kind of element that iron phase is less to the solid solution in aluminium of other metallic element, electrical property influence to aluminium is very little, add tensile property, snappiness, creep-resistant property and the thermostability that can improve aluminium behind the iron of 0.25wt% at least, after 0.8wt%, electric conductivity can descend greatly, easily causes electric conductivity not reach 62.5%IACS, does not meet standard.
2) rare earth element of the present invention is based on cerium and lanthanum, after adding rare earth, through melting of the present invention and annealing heat treating method, iron in proper amount of rare-earth element and the aluminium and impurity silicon etc. form stronger compound, and precipitate on the crystal boundary, reduce electrolytical liquidus temperature, ion movement velocity under effect of electric field is accelerated, reduce concentration overpotential, thereby resistivity reduction, the intensity of rare earth aluminium alloy are improved, and improved the physical and chemical performance of aluminium alloy.This silicon that makes in the aluminium solid melt becomes separates out attitude, has just changed the organizational patterns of aluminium, and Here it is, and rare earth aluminium alloy can reduce the mechanism that resistivity improves intensity.
In the present invention, rare earth element is bigger than aluminium with the avidity of elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, silicon, manganese, vanadium, chromium, forms multiple compound.Thereby rare earth is a kind of very good micro-low melting point impurity of degasification, denitrogenation, slag making, neutralization, the scavenging agent of change impurity state in the aluminium alloy.Can play good refining effect, make aluminium alloy become purer, thereby electric conductivity is greatly improved.
Evidence is lower than 0.1wt% when the content of rare earth element, is not clearly to the effect of improving of electrical property, when ree content during greater than 1.5wt%, can produce negative effect, and resistivity can be increased to some extent.
3) the boron adding can be played the effect of removing impurity element, reduces the harm of beavy metal impurity element to specific conductivity, and boronation is handled all right crystal grain thinning simultaneously, improves mechanical property.An amount of boron can also play the effect of the tensile property that improves alloy.
Being added in together in the smelting process of rare earth element and boron can effectively reduce foreign matter content, improves the resistivity of aluminium alloy; The part high-melting-point particle that forms is being distributed in the melt of disperse more, therefore can play the effect of solidifying core when solidifying, and then crystal grain thinning, makes aluminium alloy have deformation nature and creep property preferably; An amount of in addition boron and the adding of rare earth can make aluminium alloy can more consume iron in the subsequent annealing process, make ferro element more assemble to boron and rare earth core, thereby reduce the solid solution content of iron in aluminium, avoided the decline of the resistivity of the whole conductor of iron solid solution in aluminium causing, thereby raising resistivity, the high melting compound hard point of the iron of the disperse that forms, boron, rare earth can disperse at crystal boundary, improve its intensity of aluminum alloy; In addition, boron and rare earth itself be the crystal grain of refinement aluminium alloy conductor effectively also, makes it have better deformation nature.In a word, the adding of rare earth and boron can effectively reduce the content of iron, and its refined crystalline strengthening mechanism and dispersion-strengthened mechanism can remedy owing to the ferro element solid solubility reduces and cause mechanical properties decrease.Therefore, with respect to prior art, adopt technology of the present invention and heat-treat condition can effectively remedy ferro element and reduce the mechanical property brought and the defective of electrical property aspect, thereby have more excellent performance.
4) can realize the technical indicator of this patent for the conductivity that guarantees aluminum alloy materials, adopt purity greater than 99.80wt% or higher aluminium ingot as starting material, make the aluminum alloy materials of making have higher specific conductivity.Adopt highly purified starting material, make smelting process simpler, have lower cost, and be not easy the unwanted impurity of formation too much in aluminium alloy conductor, and then reduce the material of aluminium alloy conductor.
5) through melting, cast bar, be rolled into aluminium alloy rod after, put into waste heat that insulation cellar for storing things utilizes the aluminium alloy rod manufacturing processed after the aluminium alloy rod lopping rapidly and carry out self-annealing and handle, it is that aluminium alloy recovers, recrystallization process in order to make that self-annealing is handled.This not only can eliminate the unrelieved stress that alloy produces in castingprocesses, improve aluminium bar machining property subsequently, and can eliminate lattice defects such as the lattice distortion that causes in casting, the operation of rolling, dislocation, separate out ferro element, reduce solid melt of iron in aluminium, reduce the influence of iron electric conductivity.The disperse compound that while iron and boron, rare earth form in heat treatment process can improve the comprehensive mechanical property of alloy, can also improve its creep property.And then the conductivity and the mechanical property of raising alloy conductor.In addition, self-annealing is handled can be so that aluminium alloy shrinks in process of cooling evenly, and over-all properties is better, thereby is not easy fracture in the cold working drawing process of back.
6) the aluminium alloy conductor core is through anneal, iron wherein plays and improves intensity and creep resistance effect, make aluminium alloy have tensile property, snappiness and creep-resistant property preferably, annealing recrystallization has been eliminated the internal stress that produces in cold drawn and the strand system process and has been improved the alloy organizing structure simultaneously, make alloy have higher electric conductivity, electric conductivity can meet or exceed 62.5%IACS.
The cable that adopts aluminum alloy materials of the present invention to manufacture, in particular as cables with extruded insulation, electric property, tensile property, snappiness and creep-resistant property are better than common electrician's aluminium cable greatly, and bending property is better than copper cable greatly, have better economic and social benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, this alloying constituent proportioning are that the shared weight percent of iron is: 0.25～0.80%, for example can be 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, also contain boron, described boron accounts for the weight alloy percentage range and is: 0.02～0.15%, for example can be chosen for: 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.11%, 0.13%, 0.14%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities.
In the technique scheme by weight percentage, content＜0.03% of the impurity silicon in the described alloy, described other single content＜0.01% of planting impurity elements, other content of impurities＜0.1%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, this alloying constituent proportioning are that the shared weight percent of iron is: 0.25～0.80%, for example can be 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, also contain rare earth, the shared weight alloy percentage range of described rare earth is: 0.1～1.5%, for example can be 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.1%, 1.3%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities.
In the technique scheme, rich cerium of rare earth element and lanthanum, wherein the minimum weight percentage composition of individual element is not less than 0.05%.The weight percentage of rare earth element is preferably 0.30～1.0%.By weight percentage, content＜0.03% of the impurity silicon in the described alloy, described other single content＜0.01% of planting impurity element, other content of impurities＜0.1%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, this alloying constituent proportioning are that the shared weight percent of iron is: 0.25～0.80%, for example can be 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, also contain boron and rare earth, described boron accounts for the weight alloy percentage range: 0.02～0.15%, for example can be chosen for: 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.11%, 0.13%, 0.14%, the shared weight alloy percentage range of described rare earth is: 0.1～1.5%, for example can be 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.1%, 1.3%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities.
In the technique scheme, rich cerium of rare earth element and lanthanum, wherein the minimum weight percentage composition of individual element is not less than 0.05%.The weight percentage of rare earth element is 0.30～1.0%.By weight percentage, content＜0.03% of the impurity silicon in the described alloy, described other single content＜0.01% of planting impurity element, other content of impurities＜0.1%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, the preparation method is:
1) heat fused aluminium ingot, and make temperature remain on 730～780 ℃, add the alloying element melting, and regulate alloying constituent to embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 setting ranges, be cast into aluminum alloy casting again,
2) aluminum alloy casting is imported milling train, the temperature that imports milling train is 450～500 ℃, and it is 330～350 ℃ that the derivation milling train becomes the finishing temperature of aluminium alloy rod,
3) carry out the self-annealing processing with putting into insulation cellar for storing things or stay-warm case after the aluminium alloy rod lopping after rolling rapidly; so-called self-annealing is meant and utilizes rolling waste heat to anneal; utilize stay-warm case or insulation cellar for storing things to make the temperature of aluminium alloy rod reduce very slow; the insulation cellar for storing things can not heated; but need sealing, thereby it is very little to make in the self-annealing process that temperature reduces, the hold-time is 5-10h; take out slowly cooling (but naturally cooling) then to normal temperature
4) aluminium alloy rod is carried out the cold-drawn aluminum alloy line that is processed into,
5) aluminum alloy line that is drawn into is carried out strands.
6) described aluminium alloy conductor is carried out anneal, annealing temperature is 360～380 ℃, and the time is 20～30h.
In the technique scheme, described aluminium ingot adopts the high purity aluminium ingot of purity greater than 99.80wt%.Described aluminium alloy conductor material is as solid conductor or strands conductor.Rich cerium of rare earth element and lanthanum, wherein the minimum weight percentage composition of individual element is not less than 0.05%.The weight percentage of rare earth element is 0.30～1.0%.By weight percentage, content＜0.03% of the impurity silicon in the described alloy, described other single content＜0.01% of planting impurity element, other content of impurities＜0.1%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, the preparation method is:
1) adding aluminium ingot in shaft furnace, to add purity be 99.80% aluminium ingot, make temperature remain on 730～780 ℃, for example can be chosen for 750 ℃, 770 ℃, add ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and aluminium boron master alloy in molten aluminium, through stirring, refining, slagging-off, laggard row carried out the stokehold sampling analysis in 40 minutes, make that the percentage composition of each alloying element reaches embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 described composition ranges in the melt, in milling train, cast the aluminium alloy cast bar.
2) the aluminium alloy cast bar is imported milling train, the temperature that imports milling train is 450～500 ℃, for example can be chosen for 460 ℃, and 480 ℃, it is 330～350 ℃ that the derivation milling train becomes the finishing temperature of aluminium alloy rod, for example can be chosen for: 340 ℃, and 345 ℃.
3) directly put into the insulation cellar for storing things after the aluminium alloy lopping and carry out the self-annealing processing, the time is 5-10h, and the time can be chosen for 6h, 8h.Self-annealing is handled: carry out the self-annealing processing with putting into insulation cellar for storing things or stay-warm case after the aluminium alloy rod lopping after rolling rapidly; so-called self-annealing is meant and utilizes rolling waste heat to anneal; utilize stay-warm case or insulation cellar for storing things to make the temperature of aluminium alloy rod reduce very slow; the insulation cellar for storing things can not heated; but need sealing; thereby it is very little to make in the self-annealing process that temperature reduces, and the hold-time is 5-10h, takes out slowly cooling (but naturally cooling) then to normal temperature.
4) aluminium alloy rod carries out the cold-drawn aluminum alloy line that is processed into.
5) aluminum alloy line that is drawn into is carried out strands, form compression, press or special-shaped aluminium alloy conductor.
6) aluminium alloy conductor carries out anneal, and annealing temperature is 360～380 ℃, for example can be chosen for 370 ℃, and 375 ℃, the time is 20～30h, for example can be 22h, 25h, 28h.
The aluminium alloy conductor Performance Detection that present embodiment makes is as follows:
Electric conductivity is 〉=62.5%IACS, and tensile strength is 90-150Mpa, and elongation is 15-35%.
The bending property test.Getting this aluminium alloy conductor that length equals 100 sesquialters footpath, is radius with 1R, and alternating bending 180 degree (counting 1 time with this) find no crackle or damage sign through 25 alternating bendings.
The creep property test.Cut-off is this conductor of 2mm directly, applies 5.0kg/mm
2Constant stress, after tested, this conductor is≤1% (test data of electrician's aluminium conductor is 3.5%) at 90 ℃ of creep elongation after following 150 hours, significantly is better than common electrician's aluminium conductor.
Zhi Bei aluminum alloy materials as cable conductor, has comparatively superior electrical property and machinery thus, and than electrician's aluminium conductor, safety is with reliable more.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, the preparation method is:
Adding purity in 740 ℃ aluminium liquid is aluminium ingot, ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and the aluminium boron master alloy of 99.80wt%, make the percentage composition of each alloying element in the melt be: iron 0.28%, boron 0.14%, rich cerium and lanthanum rare earth 1.3%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities.
Add aluminium ingot when making this aluminium alloy in shaft furnace, temperature rises to 760 ℃, adds above-mentioned alloying element in shaft furnace, and wherein iron, rare earth, boron add with the form of ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and aluminium boron master alloy.Through stirring, refining, slagging-off, laggard row carried out the stokehold sampling analysis in 40 minutes, cast the aluminium alloy cast bar in milling train.
The aluminium alloy cast bar is imported milling train, and the temperature that imports milling train is 480 ℃, and it is 340 ℃ that the derivation milling train becomes the finishing temperature of aluminium alloy rod.
The aluminium alloy rod that becomes after the hot rolling carries out the cold-drawn drawing and is processed into aluminum alloy line.Directly put into the insulation cellar for storing things after the aluminium alloy lopping and carry out the self-annealing processing, the time is 5h.
The aluminum alloy line that is drawn into is carried out strands, form compression, press or special-shaped aluminium alloy conductor.
Aluminium alloy conductor carries out anneal, and annealing temperature is 360～380 ℃, and the time is 20h.
The aluminium alloy conductor Performance Detection that present embodiment makes is as follows:
Electric conductivity is 63%IACS, and tensile strength is 100Mpa, and elongation is 28%.
The bending property test.Getting this aluminium alloy conductor that length equals 100 sesquialters footpath, is radius with 1R, and alternating bending 180 degree (counting 1 time with this) find no crackle or damage sign through 25 alternating bendings.
The creep property test.Cut-off is this conductor of 2mm directly, applies 5.0kg/mm
2Constant stress, after tested, this conductor is 0.15% (test data of electrician's aluminium conductor is 3.5%) at 90 ℃ of creep elongation after following 150 hours, significantly is better than common electrician's aluminium conductor.
Embodiment 7
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, the preparation method is:
The aluminium ingot, ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and the aluminium boron master alloy that in 730 ℃ aluminium liquid, add 99.85wt%, make the percentage composition of each alloying element in the melt be: iron 0.40%, boron 0.02%, rich cerium and lanthanum rare earth 0.08%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities.
Add aluminium ingot when making this aluminium alloy in shaft furnace, temperature rises to 770 ℃, adds above-mentioned alloying element in shaft furnace, and wherein iron, rare earth, boron add with the form of ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and aluminium boron master alloy.Through stirring, refining, slagging-off, laggard row carried out the stokehold sampling analysis in 40 minutes, cast the aluminium alloy cast bar in milling train.
The aluminium alloy cast bar is imported milling train, and the temperature that imports milling train is 450 ℃, and it is 340 ℃ that the derivation milling train becomes the finishing temperature of aluminium alloy rod.
The aluminium alloy rod that becomes after the hot rolling carries out the cold-drawn drawing and is processed into aluminum alloy line.Directly put into the insulation cellar for storing things after the aluminium alloy lopping and carry out the self-annealing processing, the time is 8h.
The aluminum alloy line that is drawn into is carried out strands, form compression, press or special-shaped aluminium alloy conductor.
Aluminium alloy conductor carries out anneal, and annealing temperature is 360～380 ℃, and the time is 25h.
The aluminium alloy conductor Performance Detection that present embodiment makes is as follows:
Electric conductivity is 62.8%IACS, and tensile strength is 99Mpa, and elongation is 30%.
The bending property test.Getting this aluminium alloy conductor that length equals 100 sesquialters footpath, is radius with 1R, and alternating bending 180 degree (counting 1 time with this) find no crackle or damage sign through 25 alternating bendings.
The creep property test.Cut-off is this conductor of 2mm directly, applies 5.0kg/mm
2Constant stress, after tested, this conductor is 0.01% (test data of electrician's aluminium conductor is 3.5%) at 90 ℃ of creep elongation after following 150 hours, significantly is better than common electrician's aluminium conductor.
Embodiment 8
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, the preparation method is:
The aluminium ingot, ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and the aluminium boron master alloy that in 740 ℃ aluminium liquid, add 99.85wt%, make the percentage composition of each alloying element in the melt be: iron 0.65%, boron 0.08%, rich cerium and lanthanum rare earth 0.40%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities.
Add aluminium ingot when making this aluminium alloy in shaft furnace, temperature rises to 750 ℃, adds above-mentioned alloying element in shaft furnace, and wherein iron, rare earth, boron add with the form of ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and aluminium boron master alloy.Through stirring, refining, slagging-off, laggard row carried out the stokehold sampling analysis in 40 minutes, cast the aluminium alloy cast bar in milling train.
The aluminium alloy cast bar is imported milling train, and the temperature that imports milling train is 470 ℃, and it is 350 ℃ that the derivation milling train becomes the finishing temperature of aluminium alloy rod.
The aluminium alloy rod that becomes after the hot rolling carries out the cold-drawn drawing and is processed into aluminum alloy line.Directly put into the insulation cellar for storing things after the aluminium alloy lopping and carry out the self-annealing processing, the time is 10h.
The aluminum alloy line that is drawn into is carried out strands, form compression, press or special-shaped aluminium alloy conductor.
Aluminium alloy conductor carries out anneal, and annealing temperature is 360～380 ℃, and the time is 28h.
The aluminium alloy conductor Performance Detection that present embodiment makes is as follows:
Electric conductivity is 62.6%IACS, and tensile strength is 94Mpa, and elongation is 33%.
The bending property test.Getting this aluminium alloy conductor that length equals 100 sesquialters footpath, is radius with 1R, and alternating bending 180 degree (counting 1 time with this) find no crackle or damage sign through 25 alternating bendings.
The creep property test.Cut-off is this conductor of 2mm directly, applies 5.0kg/mm
2Constant stress, after tested, this conductor is 0.01% (test data of electrician's aluminium conductor is 3.5%) at 90 ℃ of creep elongation after following 150 hours, significantly is better than common electrician's aluminium conductor.
Embodiment 9
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, the preparation method is:
The aluminium ingot, ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and the aluminium boron master alloy that in 740 ℃ aluminium liquid, add 99.80wt%, make the percentage composition of each alloying element in the melt be: iron 0.77%, boron 0.13%, rich cerium and lanthanum rare earth 0.95%, all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities.
Add aluminium ingot when making this aluminium alloy in shaft furnace, temperature rises to 760 ℃, adds above-mentioned alloying element in shaft furnace, and wherein iron, rare earth, boron add with the form of ferro-aluminum master alloy, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and aluminium boron master alloy.Through stirring, refining, slagging-off, laggard row carried out the stokehold sampling analysis in 40 minutes, cast the aluminium alloy cast bar in milling train.
The aluminium alloy cast bar is imported milling train, and the temperature that imports milling train is 490 ℃, and it is 350 ℃ that the derivation milling train becomes the finishing temperature of aluminium alloy rod.
The aluminium alloy rod that becomes after the hot rolling carries out the cold-drawn drawing and is processed into aluminum alloy line.Directly put into the insulation cellar for storing things after the aluminium alloy lopping and carry out the self-annealing processing, the time is 5h.Self-annealing is handled: carry out the self-annealing processing with putting into insulation cellar for storing things or stay-warm case after the aluminium alloy rod lopping after rolling rapidly; so-called self-annealing is meant and utilizes rolling waste heat to anneal; utilize stay-warm case or insulation cellar for storing things to make the temperature of aluminium alloy rod reduce very slow; the insulation cellar for storing things can not heated; but need sealing; thereby it is very little to make in the self-annealing process that temperature reduces, and the hold-time is 5-10h, takes out slowly cooling (but naturally cooling) then to normal temperature.
The aluminum alloy line that is drawn into is carried out strands, form compression, press or special-shaped aluminium alloy conductor.
Aluminium alloy conductor carries out anneal, and annealing temperature is 360～380 ℃, and the time is 30h.
The aluminium alloy conductor Performance Detection that present embodiment makes is as follows:
Electric conductivity is 62.5%IACS, and tensile strength is 92Mpa, and elongation is 35%.
The bending property test.Getting this aluminium alloy conductor that length equals 100 sesquialters footpath, is radius with 1R, and alternating bending 180 degree (counting 1 time with this) find no crackle or damage sign through 25 alternating bendings.
The creep property test.Cut-off is this conductor of 2mm directly, applies 5.0kg/mm
2Constant stress, after tested, this conductor is 0.008% (test data of electrician's aluminium conductor is 3.5%) at 90 ℃ of creep elongation after following 150 hours, significantly is better than common electrician's aluminium conductor.
In order to embody technique effect of the present invention, make comparisons with aluminium conductor and without the ferroaluminium that boronation is handled or rare earth is handled with the electrician in conjunction with the embodiments, as shown in table 1.
To those skilled in the art, under the present invention conceives enlightenment, some distortion that can directly derive or associate from this patent content, or the substituting of known technology commonly used in the prior art.For example add micro-copper, zinc, magnesium elements or the like, can both realize and essentially identical function of the foregoing description and effect, all belong to this patent protection domain.
Table 1
Claims (10)
1. high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable, it is characterized in that this alloying constituent proportioning is, the shared weight percent of iron is: 0.25～0.80%, also contain at least a in boron and the rare earth, described boron accounts for the alloy mass percentage range: 0.02～0.15%, the shared weight alloy percentage range of described rare earth is: 0.1～1.5%, and all the other are aluminium and unavoidable impurities.
2. high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable according to claim 1 is characterized in that rare earth element, and wherein the minimum weight percentage composition of individual element is not less than 0.05%.
3. high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable according to claim 1, the weight percentage that it is characterized in that rare earth element is 0.30～1.0%.
4. high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: by weight percentage, content＜0.03% of the impurity silicon in the described alloy, described other single content＜0.01% of planting impurity element, other content of impurities＜0.1%.
5. the preparation method of high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable according to claim 1 is characterized in that the preparation method is:
1) heat fused aluminium ingot, and make temperature remain on 730～780 ℃, add the alloying element melting, and regulate alloying constituent to setting range, be cast into aluminum alloy casting again,
2) aluminum alloy casting is imported milling train, the temperature that imports milling train is 450～500 ℃, and it is 330～350 ℃ that the derivation milling train becomes the finishing temperature of aluminium alloy rod,
3) aluminium alloy rod after rolling is carried out self-annealing and handle, the time is 5-10h,
4) aluminium alloy rod is carried out the cold-drawn aluminum alloy line that is processed into,
5) aluminum alloy line that is drawn into is carried out strands.
6) described aluminium alloy conductor is carried out anneal, annealing temperature is 360～380 ℃, and the time is 20～30h.
6. the preparation method of root high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable according to claim 5, described aluminium ingot adopts the high purity aluminium ingot of purity greater than 99.80wt%.
7. the preparation method of high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable according to claim 5 is characterized in that aluminium alloy can be used as solid conductor or strands conductor.
8. the preparation method of high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable according to claim 5 is characterized in that rich cerium of rare earth element and lanthanum, and wherein the minimum weight percentage composition of individual element is not less than 0.05%.
9. the preparation method of root high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable according to claim 5, the weight percentage that it is characterized in that rare earth element is 0.30～1.0%.
10. the preparation method of root high-conductivity aluminum alloy material for cable according to claim 5, it is characterized in that by weight percentage, content＜0.03% of the impurity silicon in the described alloy, described other single content＜0.01% of planting impurity element, other content of impurities＜0.1%.
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