CN103730185A - Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminum alloy and electric wire made of the same - Google Patents
Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminum alloy and electric wire made of the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminum alloy and an electric wire made of the same. The aluminum alloy comprises the components of 0.2-0.4wt% of Fe, 0.3-0.5wt% of Cu and Mg and the allowance of Al and impurities. The specific resistance of the aluminum alloy is not larger than 0.02800 omega*mm<2>/m, the breaking elongation is not lower than 10%, and the average creep speed within 1-100 hours is 5 * 10-2(%/h) or lower under the condition of the temperature of 120 DEG C and the pressure stress of 120 MPa. Stress concentration cannot happen during a cold-drawing micro-pulling machining process so that an aluminum alloy rod cannot be broken, and after wire drawing, the diameter of an aluminum alloy conductor single wire can reach 0.3mm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric wire field, is exactly the electric wire of a kind of Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy and preparation thereof.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is a most widely used class non-ferrous metal structural material in industry, in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machine-building, boats and ships and chemical industry, is used widely.Along with the develop rapidly of science and technology and industrial economy, the demand of aluminium alloy is increasing, and the research of aluminium alloy also thereupon deeply.The extensive use of aluminium alloy has promoted the development of aluminium alloy in power industry, and the application of aluminium alloy has been expanded again in the development of power industry simultaneously.
Power cable is that its basic structure is comprised of core, insulating barrier, screen and protective layer four parts for carrying and distribute the resource of electric energy.Wherein, core is the current-carrying part of power cable, is used for transmission of electric energy, and it is the major part of power cable; Insulating barrier will be isolated from each other at electric equipment compartment between core and the earth and out of phase core, guarantees power delivery, and it is indispensable part in power cable structure; Protective layer is that protection power cable is avoided the intrusion of introduced contaminants and moisture, and prevents that external force from directly damaging power cable.Because copper has good conductivity, copper is widely used in the core of power cable.But along with the scarcity day by day of copper resource, and the content of aluminium is very abundant, has received researcher's concern with aluminium substitution copper, so aluminium alloy becomes the focus of research as cable conductor.
Aluminum alloy wire cable replacement copper cable becomes a kind of trend gradually, and is widely applied.Aluminum-alloy conductor material of the prior art, comparatively excellent at aspects such as electrical property, decay resistance and mechanical performances, but aspect antifatigue and high temperature creep property or poor, thereby easily there are quality problems, affect the useful life of aluminum alloy materials or bring potential safety hazard, therefore, aluminium alloy power cable combination property is still poor.
As the alloy that patent documentation 1,2,3 etc. is enumerated, although the ductility of aluminium alloy is improved, anti-fatigue performance does not improve, although and also mentioned creep-resistant property and be improved, the specific targets of improving are not clear and definite.
The alloy that and for example patent documentation 4 is enumerated, anti-fatigue performance and creep-resistant property are improved, and particularly anti-fatigue performance is significantly improved, but creep-resistant property improves concrete technique effect, does not also have.
The alloy that and for example patent documentation 5 is enumerated, although creep-resistant property has obtained remarkable improvement, does not well embody the effect of improvement in ductility and anti-fatigue performance, thereby Shortcomings still.
The alloy that and for example Japanese documentation 6 is enumerated, is being improved, and is having good proof stress and impact resistance, but anti-fatigue performance and creep-resistant property is not improved aspect intensity and ductility.
Prior art document
Patent documentation 1: application publication number: CN101525709A
Patent documentation 2: application publication number: CN101914708A
Patent documentation 3: application publication number: CN102222546A
Patent documentation 4: application publication number: CN103103390A
Patent documentation 5: application publication number: CN102360624A
Patent documentation 6: application publication number: CN102119233A
Summary of the invention
The electric wire of the good a kind of Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy of a kind of combination property of object of the present invention and preparation thereof.
Above-mentioned purpose realizes by following scheme:
An Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, is characterized in that: comprise following composition:
Fe, content is 0.2～0.4wt%,
Cu+Mg, content is 0.3～0.5wt%,
Surplus is Al and impurity.
Described a kind of Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, resistivity is not more than 0.02800 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is not less than 10%, and under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 5 * 10
-2(%/h) or lower.
Further, in described Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, the content of Si is no more than 0.1wt%.
Further, in described Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, also contain the B that is no more than 0.3wt%.
Further, also contain the RE of 0.1-0.3wt% in described Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, wherein Ce, La account for the more than 50% of total amount of rare earth.
The electric wire being made by described Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, its manufacture process is: aluminium alloy is formed to aluminium alloy rod by melting, casting, rolling, then form aluminium alloy conductor core through drawing, tempering, conductor thread core extrudes one deck insulation outward.
Further, the electric wire that described Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy makes, conductor adopts real core or bundle stranded conductor.
Further, the electric wire that described Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy makes, the sectional area of conductor thread core is from 1mm
2to 50mm
2.
The minimum bending radius of the electric wire that further, described Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy makes is 3 times of outside diameters of cable
Further, the electric wire that described Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy makes can be used as illumination, household electrical appliance, instrument and equipment circuit electric wire.
Further, the electric wire that described Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy makes can be under-40 ℃～90 ℃ environment.
Further, the ampacity of the electric wire that described Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy makes under 90 ℃ of long-time running conditions can reach and be not less than 78% of same cross-sectional copper cable.
Aluminium alloy conductor manufacture method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
By formula rate, add the melting at 700 ℃ or higher temperature of Al ingot, Al-Fe ingot, Al-Cu ingot, Al-Mg ingot or simple metal ingot to process;
Molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 750 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cast in the temperature below 680 ℃;
D) by step c) ingot casting that obtains carries out solution treatment and Ageing Treatment, and reroll and make rod of metal alloy.
Preferably, aluminium alloy conductor manufacture method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
By formula rate, add the melting at 700 ℃ or higher temperature of Al ingot, Al-Fe ingot, Al-Cu ingot, Al-Mg ingot, Al-B ingot or simple metal ingot to process;
B) molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 750 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cast in the temperature below 680 ℃;
D) by step c) ingot casting that obtains carries out solution treatment and Ageing Treatment, and reroll and make rod of metal alloy.
Preferred, aluminium alloy conductor manufacture method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
A) by formula rate, add the melting at 700 ℃ or higher temperature of Al ingot, Al-Fe ingot, Al-Cu ingot, Al-Mg ingot, Al-B ingot, Al-RE ingot or simple metal ingot to process;
B) molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 750 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cast in the temperature below 680 ℃;
D) by step c) ingot casting that obtains carries out solution treatment and Ageing Treatment, and reroll and make rod of metal alloy.
Preferably, described steps d) described ingot casting solution treatment and aging temperature is respectively 480～600 ℃, 350～450 ℃.
Aluminum alloy wire manufacture method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
A) aluminium alloy rod of the present invention becomes diameter to be not less than the conductive monofilament of 0.3mm through cold-drawn wire drawing;
B) conductive monofilament process bundle strand or multiple strand formation cross-sectional area are 1mm
2～50mm
2conductor wire core;
C) conductor wire core annealing in process 3～5h in vacuum environment or inert gas shielding environment;
D) conductor wire core after annealing in process extrudes a layer insulating outward and forms aluminum alloy wire of the present invention.
Preferably, described step c) described annealing temperature is 250 ℃～350 ℃.
Preferably, described steps d) described insulating barrier adopts 105 ℃ of low-smoke halide-free fireproof composite polyolefine materials.
Aluminium alloy core described above can also adopt single solid conductor.
Through the prepared electric wire of above-mentioned steps, in safe working temperature, be-40 ℃～90 ℃, can reach 61.5%IACS or higher conductance.In high conductivity, aluminum alloy wire of the present invention has better flexible curved performance, in safety, installs under prerequisite, and the minimum bending radius of electric wire of the present invention is the electric wire radius of 3 times, installs and uses more for convenience.
Through the prepared electric wire of above-mentioned steps, can be used as lighting circuit, household electrical appliance, instrument and equipment circuit electric wire.
Aluminum alloy wire of the present invention can reach and be not less than 78% of same cross-sectional copper cable at 90 ℃ of long-time running ampacitys.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the preferred Fe of the present invention, Cu, Mg, B, RE are as the interpolation element of alloy, by adding Fe element, can improve mechanical strength and the tensile property of alloy, creep-resistant property when Fe can significantly improve conductor high temperature in alloy, and carry heavy alloyed anti-fatigue performance, adding of Cu, Mg can be carried heavy alloyed intensity and high temperature creep property, and can improve anti-fatigue performance.In alloy, add B can obviously improve the cold-forming property of aluminium alloy, make aluminium alloy rod of the present invention there will not be stress concentrate and rupture in drawing the course of processing cold-drawn is micro-, after wire drawing, aluminium alloy conductor filament diameter can reach 0.3mm.The present invention has done restriction to the content of Si, is because too much Si can cause tensile property to reduce, and have influence on the processing characteristics of cable, and may reduce the tired bending property of conductor, and too much Si also can reduce electrical property.The present invention is preferred RE element also, wherein Ce, La account in RE total content more than 50%, rare earth can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, middle rare earth of the present invention can also play the effect that improves the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extended the useful life of cable, preferably Ce and La, be because these two kinds of elements in the present invention effect compared with other rare earth elements, to improve effect more obvious.Simultaneously aluminum alloy materials by melting, casting, solid solution and Ageing Treatment, rolling mill practice after, make alloy there is 61.5%IACS or higher conductance, elongation at break is not less than 10%, and under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 5 * 10
-2(%/h) or lower.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
An Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, wherein component and constituent content are as shown in the table
Utilize above-mentioned aluminium alloy formula to prepare the concrete grammar of aluminum-alloy conductor material as follows:
A) in 800 ℃ of constant temperature furnace cupolas, add according to the above ratio various components to carry out melting.
B) molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 750 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cooled to 650 ℃ by constant temperature guiding gutter and enters casting chamber after following and cast;
D) by step c) cast bar that obtains is cooled to 400 ℃ and continues insulation 4 hours be incubated 3 hours under 500 ℃ of conditions after.
When e) above-mentioned steps d) the middle cast bar being incubated after processing finishes is cooled to 280 ℃ naturally, be at once pressed into aluminium alloy rod.
Wherein, to add the virgin metal ingot that carries out melting in furnace cupola in a) can be aluminium alloy ingots or simple metal ingot to above-mentioned steps.
The step of being manufactured described aluminum alloy wire by above-mentioned aluminium alloy rod is as follows:
A) aluminium alloy rod of the present invention becomes diameter to be not less than the conductive monofilament of 0.3mm through cold-drawn wire drawing;
B) conductive monofilament process bundle strand or multiple strand formation cross-sectional area are 1mm
2～50mm
2conductor wire core;
C) conductor wire core annealing in process 4.5h under 300 ℃ of conditions in vacuum environment or inert gas shielding environment;
D) conductor wire core after annealing in process extrudes 90 ℃ of low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin insulating material of one deck outward and forms aluminum alloy wire of the present invention.
The aluminium alloy conductor of manufacturing by above-mentioned steps method and as follows by the performance parameter of the electric wire of its manufacture: aluminium alloy resistance rate is 0.02773 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is 12%, under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 4.6 * 10
-2(%/h) the electric wire ampacity, making is with 78% of cross section copper.
Embodiment 2
An Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, wherein component and constituent content are as shown in the table
Utilize above-mentioned aluminium alloy formula to prepare the concrete grammar of aluminum-alloy conductor material as follows:
A) in 780 ℃ of constant temperature furnace cupolas, add according to the above ratio various components to carry out melting.
B) molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 750 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cooled to 650 ℃ by constant temperature guiding gutter and enters casting chamber after following and cast;
D) by step c) cast bar that obtains is cooled to 400 ℃ and continues insulation 4 hours be incubated 3 hours under 500 ℃ of conditions after.
When e) above-mentioned steps d) the middle cast bar being incubated after processing finishes is cooled to 280 ℃ naturally, be at once pressed into aluminium alloy rod.
Wherein, to add the virgin metal ingot that carries out melting in furnace cupola in a) can be aluminium alloy ingots or simple metal ingot to above-mentioned steps.
The step of being manufactured described aluminum alloy wire by above-mentioned aluminium alloy rod is as follows:
A) aluminium alloy rod of the present invention becomes diameter to be not less than the conductive monofilament of 0.3mm through cold-drawn wire drawing;
B) conductive monofilament process bundle strand or multiple strand formation cross-sectional area are 2mm
2conductor wire core;
C) conductor wire core annealing in process 4h under 320 ℃ of conditions in vacuum environment or inert gas shielding environment;
D) conductor wire core after annealing in process extrudes 90 ℃ of low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin insulating material of one deck outward and forms aluminum alloy wire of the present invention.
The aluminium alloy conductor of manufacturing by above-mentioned steps method and as follows by the performance parameter of the electric wire of its manufacture: aluminium alloy resistance rate is 0.02759 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is 11%, under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 4.2 * 10
-2(%/h) the electric wire ampacity, making is with 78.3% of cross section copper.
Embodiment 3
An Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, wherein component and constituent content are as shown in the table
Utilize above-mentioned aluminium alloy formula to prepare the concrete grammar of aluminum-alloy conductor material as follows:
A) in 800 ℃ of constant temperature furnace cupolas, add according to the above ratio various components to carry out melting.
B) molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 750 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cooled to 640 ℃ by constant temperature guiding gutter and enters casting chamber after following and cast;
D) by step c) cast bar that obtains is cooled to 400 ℃ and continues insulation 4 hours be incubated 3 hours under 500 ℃ of conditions after.
When e) above-mentioned steps d) the middle cast bar being incubated after processing finishes is cooled to 280 ℃ naturally, be at once pressed into aluminium alloy rod.
Wherein, to add the virgin metal ingot that carries out melting in furnace cupola in a) can be aluminium alloy ingots or simple metal ingot to above-mentioned steps.
The step of being manufactured described aluminum alloy wire by above-mentioned aluminium alloy rod is as follows:
A) aluminium alloy rod of the present invention becomes diameter to be not less than the conductive monofilament of 0.3mm through cold-drawn wire drawing;
B) conductive monofilament process bundle strand or multiple strand formation cross-sectional area are 6mm
2conductor wire core;
C) conductor wire core annealing in process 5h under 300 ℃ of conditions in vacuum environment or inert gas shielding environment;
D) conductor wire core after annealing in process extrudes 105 ℃ of low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin insulating material of one deck outward and forms aluminum alloy wire of the present invention.
The aluminium alloy conductor of manufacturing by above-mentioned steps method and as follows by the performance parameter of the electric wire of its manufacture: aluminium alloy resistance rate is 0.02695 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is 13%, under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 4.0 * 10
-2(%/h) the electric wire ampacity, making is with 79.1% of cross section copper
Embodiment 4
An Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, wherein component and constituent content are as shown in the table
Utilize above-mentioned aluminium alloy formula to prepare the concrete grammar of aluminum-alloy conductor material as follows:
A) in 810 ℃ of constant temperature furnace cupolas, add according to the above ratio various components to carry out melting.
B) molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 750 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cooled to 650 ℃ by constant temperature guiding gutter and enters casting chamber after following and cast;
D) by step c) cast bar that obtains is cooled to 400 ℃ and continues insulation 4 hours be incubated 3.5 hours under 500 ℃ of conditions after.
When e) above-mentioned steps d) the middle cast bar being incubated after processing finishes is cooled to 280 ℃ naturally, be at once pressed into aluminium alloy rod.
Wherein, to add the virgin metal ingot that carries out melting in furnace cupola in a) can be aluminium alloy ingots or simple metal ingot to above-mentioned steps.
The step of being manufactured described aluminum alloy wire by above-mentioned aluminium alloy rod is as follows:
A) aluminium alloy rod of the present invention becomes diameter to be not less than the conductive monofilament of 0.3mm through cold-drawn wire drawing;
B) conductive monofilament process bundle strand or multiple strand formation cross-sectional area are 10mm
2conductor wire core;
C) conductor wire core annealing in process 3h under 350 ℃ of conditions in vacuum environment or inert gas shielding environment;
D) conductor wire core after annealing in process extrudes 105 ℃ of low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin insulating material of one deck outward and forms aluminum alloy wire of the present invention.
The aluminium alloy conductor of manufacturing by above-mentioned steps method and as follows by the performance parameter of the electric wire of its manufacture: aluminium alloy resistance rate is 0.02718 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is 18.3%, under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 3.46 * 10
-2(%/h) the electric wire ampacity, making is with 78.7% of cross section copper
Embodiment 5
Utilize above-mentioned aluminium alloy formula to prepare the concrete grammar of aluminum-alloy conductor material as follows:
A) in 800 ℃ of constant temperature furnace cupolas, add according to the above ratio various components to carry out melting.
B) molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 730 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cooled to 650 ℃ by constant temperature guiding gutter and enters casting chamber after following and cast;
D) by step c) cast bar that obtains is cooled to 400 ℃ and continues insulation 4 hours be incubated 3 hours under 500 ℃ of conditions after.
When e) above-mentioned steps d) the middle cast bar being incubated after processing finishes is cooled to 300 ℃ naturally, be at once pressed into aluminium alloy rod.
Wherein, to add the virgin metal ingot that carries out melting in furnace cupola in a) can be aluminium alloy ingots or simple metal ingot to above-mentioned steps.
The step of being manufactured described aluminum alloy wire by above-mentioned aluminium alloy rod is as follows:
A) aluminium alloy rod of the present invention becomes diameter to be not less than the conductive monofilament of 0.3mm through cold-drawn wire drawing;
B) conductive monofilament process bundle strand or multiple strand formation cross-sectional area are 16mm
2conductor wire core;
C) conductor wire core annealing in process 3.5h under 330 ℃ of conditions in vacuum environment or inert gas shielding environment;
D) conductor wire core after annealing in process extrudes 90 ℃ of low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin insulating material of one deck outward and forms aluminum alloy wire of the present invention.
The aluminium alloy conductor of manufacturing by above-mentioned steps method and as follows by the performance parameter of the electric wire of its manufacture: aluminium alloy resistance rate is 0.02765 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is 12%, under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 4.3 * 10
-2(%/h) the electric wire ampacity, making is with 78.4% of cross section copper.
Embodiment 6
Utilize above-mentioned aluminium alloy formula to prepare the concrete grammar of aluminum-alloy conductor material as follows:
A) in 800 ℃ of constant temperature furnace cupolas, add according to the above ratio various components to carry out melting.
B) molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 750 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cooled to 650 ℃ by constant temperature guiding gutter and enters casting chamber after following and cast;
D) by step c) cast bar that obtains is cooled to 400 ℃ and continues insulation 4 hours be incubated 3 hours under 500 ℃ of conditions after.
When e) above-mentioned steps d) the middle cast bar being incubated after processing finishes is cooled to 280 ℃ naturally, be at once pressed into aluminium alloy rod.
Wherein, to add the virgin metal ingot that carries out melting in furnace cupola in a) can be aluminium alloy ingots or simple metal ingot to above-mentioned steps.
The step of being manufactured described aluminum alloy wire by above-mentioned aluminium alloy rod is as follows:
A) aluminium alloy rod of the present invention becomes diameter to be not less than the conductive monofilament of 0.3mm through cold-drawn wire drawing;
B) conductive monofilament process bundle strand or multiple strand formation cross-sectional area are 25mm
2conductor wire core;
C) conductor wire core annealing in process 4.5h under 300 ℃ of conditions in vacuum environment or inert gas shielding environment;
D) conductor wire core after annealing in process extrudes 105 ℃ of low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin insulating material of one deck outward and forms aluminum alloy wire of the present invention.
The aluminium alloy conductor of manufacturing by above-mentioned steps method and as follows by the performance parameter of the electric wire of its manufacture: aluminium alloy resistance rate is 0.02738 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is 13%, under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 3.9 * 10
-2(%/h) the electric wire ampacity, making is with 79.6% of cross section copper.
Embodiment 7
Utilize above-mentioned aluminium alloy formula to prepare the concrete grammar of aluminum-alloy conductor material as follows:
A) in 800 ℃ of constant temperature furnace cupolas, add according to the above ratio various components to carry out melting.
B) molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 750 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cooled to 650 ℃ by constant temperature guiding gutter and enters casting chamber after following and cast;
D) by step c) cast bar that obtains is cooled to 400 ℃ and continues insulation 4 hours be incubated 3 hours under 500 ℃ of conditions after.
When e) above-mentioned steps d) the middle cast bar being incubated after processing finishes is cooled to 280 ℃ naturally, be at once pressed into aluminium alloy rod.
Wherein, to add the virgin metal ingot that carries out melting in furnace cupola in a) can be aluminium alloy ingots or simple metal ingot to above-mentioned steps.
The step of being manufactured described aluminum alloy wire by above-mentioned aluminium alloy rod is as follows:
A) aluminium alloy rod of the present invention becomes diameter to be not less than the conductive monofilament of 0.3mm through cold-drawn wire drawing;
B) conductive monofilament process bundle strand or multiple strand formation cross-sectional area are 35mm
2conductor wire core;
C) conductor wire core annealing in process 4h under 280 ℃ of conditions in vacuum environment or inert gas shielding environment;
D) conductor wire core after annealing in process extrudes 105 ℃ of low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin insulating material of one deck outward and forms aluminum alloy wire of the present invention.
The aluminium alloy conductor of manufacturing by above-mentioned steps method and as follows by the performance parameter of the electric wire of its manufacture: aluminium alloy resistance rate is 0.02749 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is 12%, under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 4.1 * 10
-2(%/h) the electric wire ampacity, making is with 78.6% of cross section copper.
Embodiment 8
Utilize above-mentioned aluminium alloy formula to prepare the concrete grammar of aluminum-alloy conductor material as follows:
A) in 850 ℃ of constant temperature furnace cupolas, add according to the above ratio various components to carry out melting.
B) molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 750 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cooled to 650 ℃ by constant temperature guiding gutter and enters casting chamber after following and cast;
D) by step c) cast bar that obtains is cooled to 400 ℃ and continues insulation 4 hours be incubated 3 hours under 500 ℃ of conditions after.
When e) above-mentioned steps d) the middle cast bar being incubated after processing finishes is cooled to 280 ℃ naturally, be at once pressed into aluminium alloy rod.
Wherein, to add the virgin metal ingot that carries out melting in furnace cupola in a) can be aluminium alloy ingots or simple metal ingot to above-mentioned steps.
The step of being manufactured described aluminum alloy wire by above-mentioned aluminium alloy rod is as follows:
A) aluminium alloy rod of the present invention becomes diameter to be not less than the conductive monofilament of 0.3mm through cold-drawn wire drawing;
B) conductive monofilament process bundle strand or multiple strand formation cross-sectional area are 50mm
2conductor wire core;
C) conductor wire core annealing in process 5h under 340 ℃ of conditions in vacuum environment or inert gas shielding environment;
D) conductor wire core after annealing in process extrudes 105 ℃ of low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin insulating material of one deck outward and forms aluminum alloy wire of the present invention.
The aluminium alloy conductor of manufacturing by above-mentioned steps method and as follows by the performance parameter of the electric wire of its manufacture: aluminium alloy resistance rate is 0.02706 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is 15%, under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 3.8 * 10
-2(%/h) the electric wire ampacity, making is with 80.6% of cross section copper.
Embodiment 9
Utilize above-mentioned aluminium alloy formula to prepare the concrete grammar of aluminum-alloy conductor material as follows:
A) in 830 ℃ of constant temperature furnace cupolas, add according to the above ratio various components to carry out melting.
B) molten metal after melting adds in proportion refining agent in 750 ℃ of holding furnaces, and employing high-temperature alloy steel double leaf blender stirs 10 minutes with the speed of 20 revs/min, after stirring finishes, is warming up to 820 ℃ of standing insulations 30 minutes;
C) aluminium alloy is cooled to 650 ℃ by constant temperature guiding gutter and enters casting chamber after following and cast;
D) by step c) cast bar that obtains is cooled to 400 ℃ and continues insulation 4 hours be incubated 3 hours under 500 ℃ of conditions after.
When e) above-mentioned steps d) the middle cast bar being incubated after processing finishes is cooled to 300 ℃ naturally, be at once pressed into aluminium alloy rod.
Wherein, to add the virgin metal ingot that carries out melting in furnace cupola in a) can be aluminium alloy ingots or simple metal ingot to above-mentioned steps.
The step of being manufactured described aluminum alloy wire by above-mentioned aluminium alloy rod is as follows:
A) aluminium alloy rod of the present invention becomes diameter to be not less than the conductive monofilament of 0.3mm through cold-drawn wire drawing;
B) conductive monofilament process bundle strand or multiple strand formation cross-sectional area are 50mm
2conductor wire core;
C) conductor wire core annealing in process 5h under 300 ℃ of conditions in vacuum environment or inert gas shielding environment;
D) conductor wire core after annealing in process extrudes 105 ℃ of low smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin insulating material of one deck outward and forms aluminum alloy wire of the present invention.
The aluminium alloy conductor of manufacturing by above-mentioned steps method and as follows by the performance parameter of the electric wire of its manufacture: aluminium alloy resistance rate is 0.02698 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is 16%, under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 3.4 * 10
-2(%/h) the electric wire ampacity, making is with 81.2% of cross section copper.
Claims (10)
1. an Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, is characterized in that: comprise following composition:
Fe, content is 0.2 ~ 0.4wt%,
Cu+Mg, content is 0.3 ~ 0.5wt%,
Surplus is Al and impurity,
Wherein aluminium alloy resistance rate is not more than 0.02800 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is not less than 10%, and under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep rate of 1 ~ 100 hour is 5 * 10
-2(%/h) or lower.
2. a kind of Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in aluminium alloy, the content of Si is no more than 0.1wt%.
3. a kind of Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in aluminium alloy, also contain the B that is no more than 0.3wt%.
4. a kind of Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in aluminium alloy, also contain the RE of 0.1-0.3wt%, wherein Ce, La account for the more than 50% of total amount of rare earth.
5. the electric wire that the Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy as described in claim 1 or 4 makes, it is characterized in that, preparation method is: described aluminium alloy is formed to aluminium alloy rod by melting, casting, rolling, through drawing, tempering, form aluminium alloy conductor core again, conductor thread core extrudes one deck insulation outward.
6. the electric wire that Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy according to claim 5 makes, is characterized in that, the sectional area 1mm of aluminium alloy conductor core
2~ 50mm
2; Aluminium alloy conductor core filament diameter is 0.3mm or larger monofilament.
7. the electric wire that Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy according to claim 6 makes, the minimum bending radius that it is characterized in that this electric wire is 3 times of outside diameters of cable.
8. the electric wire that Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy according to claim 7 makes, is characterized in that: this aluminum alloy wire can be used as illumination, household electrical appliance, instrument and equipment circuit electric wire.
9. the electric wire that Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy according to claim 7 makes, is characterized in that: aluminum alloy wire can be under-40 ℃ ~ 90 ℃ environment.
10. the electric wire that Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy according to claim 5 makes, is characterized in that: 90 ℃ of long-time running ampacitys can reach and be not less than 78% of same cross-sectional copper cable.
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| CN104299669A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-21 | 安徽亚南电缆厂 | Al-Fe-Cu-Mg-Mn aluminum alloy used for coal mine cables and aluminum alloy cable |
| CN104294089A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-21 | 林泽民 | Al-Fe-Cu-Mg-Zr series aluminum alloy for cables for coal mines and aluminum alloy cable |
| CN104299674A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-21 | 安徽欣意电缆有限公司 | Al-Fe-Cu aluminum alloy for coal mine cable and aluminum alloy cable |
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