CN104299673A - Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminum alloy used for coal mine cables, aluminum alloy cable and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminum alloy used for coal mine cables, aluminum alloy cable and manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminum alloy used for coal mine cables. The Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminum alloy comprises 0.2 percent-1.1 percent of Fe, 0.01 percent-0.4 percent of Mg, 0.001 percent-0.2 percent of Zr, 0 percent-0.1 percent of Si, 0 percent-0.2 percent of B and the balance being Al and impurities, wherein the resistivity of the aluminum alloy is not larger than 0.028164 omega*mm<2>/m, the elongation at break is not lower than 10 percent, and ninety-degree fatigue bending frequency is larger than or equal to thirty. The aluminum alloy material is smelted, cast and rolled, so that an aluminum alloy rod is obtained; afterwards, the aluminum alloy rod is subjected to pulling, bunch stranding and softening, so that an aluminum alloy cable core is formed; next, the cable core is subjected to extruded insulation, cabling, sheath extrusion or armoring, so that an aluminum alloy cable is manufactured. The manufactured aluminum alloy cable has the advantages of being high in strength, high in electric conductivity, good in bending performance and the like, and therefore the requirements for cable performance in the field of coal mines can be satisfied.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mine cable technical field, be specifically related to a kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr line aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy cable.
Background technology
Coal Electricity cable due to circumstance complication, the condition of work used severe and mobile frequent, useful life is not long, the region of methane accumulation is very dangerous again, therefore not only very high to the security requirement of cable own, and very high to the resistance to wear of frequent moving field all-in-one cable, anti-external tensile force performance requirement.Therefore, Coal Electricity cable belongs to the higher product of technology content in cable industry.
Common cable adopts copper conductor, along with the exhaustive exploitation to copper resource, and copper resource growing tension, and be on the verge of scarcity, therefore need the wire using other materials to replace copper conductor, the demand in market could be met.In metal material, aluminium has that conductive effect is good, light weight, the characteristic such as cheap, and in recent years, for the reinforcement of environmental consciousness, strongly needs weight reduction to improve machine fuel utilance, therefore, replaces copper core cable to be trend of the times with aluminium cable.In prior art, develop aluminium cable, but the defect such as common aluminium cable exists mechanical performance and corrosion resistance is poor, do not possess the good bending property meeting the frequent movement of Coal Electricity cable; And according to the adverse circumstances of Coal Electricity cable, have higher requirement to the conductance of cable conductor and mechanical strength, and the conductance of existing common aluminium cable and mechanical strength properties can not meet the requirement of Coal Electricity cable.Therefore, develop and a kind ofly can meet the aluminium alloy cable of instructions for use in coal mining there are very wide market prospects.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy cable, this aluminium alloy has the characteristics such as high strength, high conductivity, bending property be good, and the aluminium alloy cable be made up of this aluminium alloy can meet the requirement to cable performance in field, colliery.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy, each composition of aluminium alloy and percentage by weight are respectively:
Fe content is 0.2 ~ 1.1%;
Mg content is 0.01 ~ 0.4%;
Zr content is 0.001 ~ 0.2%;
Si content is 0 ~ 0.1%;
B content is 0 ~ 0.2%;
All the other are Al and impurity,
Wherein aluminium alloy resistivity is not more than 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is not less than 10%, and 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times.
This aluminium alloy also comprises weight percent content to be 0.001 ~ 0.15% be selected from two or more in Ca, Ni, Ti and Zn composition of forming;
Further, also comprise rare earth element in described aluminium alloy, the content of described rare earth element accounts for the 0.1-0.3% of aluminium alloy weight.
Further, described rare earth element comprises Ce, La, and the weight of described Ce and La accounts at least 50% of rare earth element total weight.
Further, described aluminium alloy under temperature 120 DEG C, compression 120MPa condition, the average creep speed of 1 ~ 100 hour is for being less than or equal to 1 × 10
-2(%/h).
A manufacture method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, the processing technology of aluminium alloy cable comprises the steps:
A, by aluminum alloy melts to any one of claim 1-4, carry out casting again and obtain founding materials: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, smelting technology is carried out under 700 DEG C or more temperature conditions, then cast under 680 DEG C or following temperature conditions, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting solution treatment 2-6h within the scope of 460-550 DEG C that step a is obtained, then rapid quenching in the cooling water of 20-100 DEG C;
C, ingot casting Ageing Treatment 6-10h within the scope of 150-250 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to more than 300 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature conditions, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make the 50-60% of rod of metal alloy sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to step c, obtain aluminium alloy wire;
E, under the temperature conditions forming aluminium alloy core, aluminium alloy wire steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes the 70-100% of aluminium alloy wire sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, carry out first time heat treatment 3-6h under 230-320 DEG C of condition, then under 300-400 DEG C of condition, incite somebody to action heat treatment 8-14h again, obtain the core of aluminium alloy;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
A kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, the core of this aluminium alloy cable is made up of above-mentioned aluminium alloy, and this aluminium alloy cable comprises by the stranded cable core of power wire core, ground connection core, control conductor three kinds of cores, be provided with between core and fill out sandwich layer, cable core is outside equipped with external sheath layer.
Further, described insulating barrier and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamide, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex or polypropylene.
Further, described core is 10 ~ 2000 by quantity, and diameter is that 0.2mm ~ 0.5mm filament tow strand forms, and described monofilament is made up of described aluminium alloy.
Further, the not short circuit after 9000 counter-bending tests of described aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, and in 90 DEG C of long-time running situations, ampacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable.
Further, described aluminium alloy cable is applicable to the coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable of rated voltage 8.7/10kV and following grade.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, is optimized the element of aluminium alloy, thus improves the performance of this aluminium alloy.Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, selecting Al-Fe-Mg-Zr series, by adding Fe element, mechanical strength and the tensile property of alloy can be improved, Fe is with the form crystallization of metallic compound and precipitation significantly can improve high-temperature creep resistance, and anti-fatigue performance; A small amount of Mg refinement cast sturcture is added in aluminium alloy, form MgSi hardening constituent improve recrystallization temperature and change ag(e)ing behavio(u)r, make the recrystal grain of goods fined, intensity, toughness are improved, plasticity, corrosion resistance improve, and improve yield strength and the elongation of aluminium alloy, avoid the reprocessing of alloy product, enhance productivity, reduce production cost.In aluminium, add zinc and magnesium simultaneously, form hardening constituent Mg/Zn
2, alloy produces obvious invigoration effect.Mg/Zn
2when content improves, can obviously increase tensile strength and yield strength.In the present invention program, Al-Zn-Mg basis adds copper, form Al-Zn-Mg system alloy, hardening constituent Mg/Zn
2strengthening effect improves greatly, maximum in all aluminium alloys.Zirconium and aluminium form ZrAl
3compound, can hinder recrystallization process, refinement recrystal grain, because zirconium is on little than chromium and manganese of the impact of quenching sensitive, therefore should replaces chromium and manganese refinement recrystallized structure with zirconium, also can coordinate suppression grain coarsening adding of Zn simultaneously.Zr also can the antifatigue bending property of remarkable modified alloy, improves the useful life of cable.
Calcium solid solubility in aluminium alloy is extremely low, forms CaAl with aluminium
4compound, the high-temperature behavior of calcium energy reinforced aluminium alloy, improves the creep-resistant property of aluminium alloy with the metallic element coordination energy such as Fe, and micro-calcium is conducive to removing the hydrogen in aluminium liquid simultaneously.Calcium is again the superplasticity element of aluminium alloy, and calcium and silicon form CaSi, are insoluble to aluminium, owing to reducing the solid solution capacity of silicon, can improve the electric conductivity of commercial-purity aluminium a little.Ni adds, improve the heat treatment temperature of aluminum alloy materials, the hardening constituent of aluminium alloy is made fully to be diffused into matrix strengthening phase, further increase intensity and electric conductivity, be supplementing material creep-resistant property, improve material mechanical performance and plastic working, can successfully hot rolling and cold rolling, the present invention also preferably adds a certain amount of B, can improve processing characteristics, particularly the micro-processing characteristics of drawing and restrainting strand aspect of monofilament.Titanium is Addition ofelements conventional in aluminium alloy, adds with Al-Ti or Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy form.Titanium and aluminium form TiAl
2phase, becomes heterogeneous necleus during crystallization, plays refinement cast sturcture and seam organization.The raising adding the mechanical performance being not only conducive to final products aluminium alloy wire of Ti but also a certain amount of Ti ensure that the pliability of aluminium alloy.
Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, the content of the present invention to Si has done restriction, is because too much Si can cause tensile property to reduce, has influence on the processing characteristics of cable, and the tired bending property of conductor may be reduced, and too much Si also can reduce electrical property.The present invention also preferably adds a certain amount of B, can improve processing characteristics, particularly the micro-processing characteristics of drawing and restrainting strand aspect of monofilament.Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, by using appropriate B as al alloy component, both can improve the performance of alloy, can not can worsen performance, particularly electrical property and the extension property of alloy because of too much amount again.Aluminum alloy materials provided by the invention, ensures the performance of alloy by rational alloying component proportioning.
Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, also preferably add a certain amount of rare earth element (Rare Earth, be called for short RE), wherein Ce, La account at least 50% of rare earth element total content, rare earth element not only can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, high Alloy At Room Temperature intensity, high-temperature capability and fluidity of molten, can also play the effect improving the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extend the useful life of cable.Preferred Ce and La, be because these two kinds of elements in the present invention effect to improve effect compared with other rare earth elements more obvious.
Colliery provided by the invention aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is less than or equal to 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, conductivity is more than or equal to 61%IACS, elongation at break is not less than 10%, under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is less than or equal to 1 × 10-2 (%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to, well meets the requirement of colliery aluminium alloy cable.
2, colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy cable, be made up of aluminium alloy provided by the invention, the colliery aluminium alloy cable obtained not only has the technical requirement that good electric conductivity, tensile property, creep-resistant property and anti-fatigue performance, particularly bending resistance also reach colliery copper core; Meanwhile, colliery aluminium alloy cable due to pliability good, and weight comparatively copper is gently a lot, thus more convenient to use as coal mine soft cable, effectively reduce the cost of Coal Electricity cable, improve operating efficiency, there is very good technical economic benefit.Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy cable, be applicable to coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable, rated voltage 8.7/10kV and following coal rubber sheathed flexible cable for mine, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, ampacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And the not short circuit after 9000 counter-bending tests of colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, wherein, the test method that 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, the percentage by weight following (total weight: 1T) of component and each component:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE is Ce, La, and its weight percent content of Ca, Ni, Ti and Zn is 1:1:1:1.。
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, processing technology comprises the steps:
A, obtain founding materials by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 700 DEG C of temperature conditions, carry out smelting technology, then cast under 650 DEG C of temperature conditions, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 4h, then rapid quenching in the cooling water of 30 DEG C;
C, the ingot casting that obtained by step b at 150 DEG C of Ageing Treatment 7h, then are warming up to 350 DEG C and are rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature conditions, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make 60% of rod of metal alloy sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to step c, obtain aluminium alloy wire;
E, under the temperature conditions forming aluminium alloy core, aluminium alloy wire steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 80% of aluminium alloy wire sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time heat treatment 3h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 350 DEG C of conditions, heat treatment 8h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy core, in casting step, heating should be slow, when adding multiple alloy pig again, should shove charge below 300 DEG C, to ensure foundry goods homogeneous heating, (fusing point close to eutectic) makes alloying element and second-phase be dissolved in matrix by the solid appearance heat treatment of long period at as high temperature as possible, due to incorporating of trace alloying element (B, Si, RE), matrix is made to become sub-saturated state, can significantly put forward heavy alloyed intensity and plasticity by solid appearance process, improve the decay resistance of alloy; Tensile property and pliability that (immersing coolant the time completely no more than 15s, to make foundry goods uniform quenching from foundry goods foundry goods of slinging) improves foundry goods is cooled fast after solid solution; In the timeliness incipient stage, matrix saturation is very large, the hardness of foundry goods can significantly improve, and along with the increase of aging time, the concentration between matrix and precipitate reaches balance, now precipitate precipitation starts slack-off, now through shorter temperature retention time, can grain growth be suppressed, thus obtain the aluminium alloy of less thick essence, obtain the intensity that excellent mechanical property is namely higher thus, good plasticity and toughness; In step f, twice annealing process can the internal stress of aluminium alloy stranded conductor to greatest extent, and the electric property of stable alloy line, stable dimensions reduces distortion, greatly improves draftability and the bendability of alloy wire.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027674 Ω mm
2/ m, 62.3%IACS conductivity, elongation at break is 14%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.98 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 34, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with separator, insulating barrier successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulating barrier and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamide, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to rated voltage 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, ampacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 2:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La and Er, wherein, the content of Ce and La account for rare earth element total content 60%, Ca, its weight percent content of Ni is 1:1.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, processing technology comprises the steps:
A, obtain founding materials by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 800 DEG C of temperature conditions, carry out smelting technology, then cast under 680 DEG C of temperature conditions, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 460 DEG C of solution treatment 6h, then rapid quenching in the cooling water of 20 DEG C;
C, ingot casting Ageing Treatment 6h within the scope of 250 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to 400 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 280 DEG C of temperature conditions, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make 50% of rod of metal alloy sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to step c, obtain aluminium alloy wire;
E, under the temperature conditions forming aluminium alloy core, aluminium alloy wire steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 70% of aluminium alloy wire sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time heat treatment 6h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 350 DEG C of conditions, heat treatment 14h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.028172 Ω mm
2/ m, 61.2%IACS conductivity, elongation at break is 15%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.97 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 34, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with separator, insulating barrier successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulating barrier and external sheath layer material adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamide, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to rated voltage 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, ampacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 3:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE is Ce, La, and its weight percent content of Ca and Ti is 1:1.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, processing technology comprises the steps:
A, obtain founding materials by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 750 DEG C of temperature conditions, carry out smelting technology, then cast under 650 DEG C of temperature conditions, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 550 DEG C of solution treatment 2h, then rapid quenching in the cooling water of 100 DEG C;
C, ingot casting Ageing Treatment 10h within the scope of 200 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to 300 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C of temperature conditions, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make 56% of rod of metal alloy sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to step c, obtain aluminium alloy wire;
E, under the temperature conditions forming aluminium alloy core, aluminium alloy wire steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 95% of aluminium alloy wire sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time heat treatment 3h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 400 DEG C of conditions, heat treatment 8h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027498 Ω mm
2/ m, 62.7%IACS conductivity, elongation at break is 12%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 1 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 36, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with separator, insulating barrier successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulating barrier and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamide, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to rated voltage 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, ampacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 4:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La, Pr and Er, and wherein, its weight percent content of 70%, Ca and Zn that the content of Ce and La accounts for rare earth element total content is 1:1:.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, processing technology comprises the steps:
A, obtain founding materials by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 770 DEG C of temperature conditions, carry out smelting technology, then cast under 670 DEG C of temperature conditions, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 2h, then rapid quenching in the cooling water of 60 DEG C;
C, the ingot casting that obtained by step b at 250 DEG C of Ageing Treatment 10h, then are warming up to 350 DEG C and are rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C of temperature conditions, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make 60% of rod of metal alloy sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to step c, obtain aluminium alloy wire;
E, under the temperature conditions forming aluminium alloy core, aluminium alloy wire steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 70% of aluminium alloy wire sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time heat treatment 5h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 400 DEG C of conditions, heat treatment 10h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027630 Ω mm
2the conductance of/m, 62.4%IACS, elongation at break is 15%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.99 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 33, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with separator, insulating barrier successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulating barrier and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamide, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to rated voltage 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, ampacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 5
Adopt as embodiment 4 parameter, only Ca and Zn is replaced to equivalent equal proportion Ni, Ti, above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of aluminium alloy is 0.027674 Ω mm2/m, 62.3%IACS conductivity, elongation at break is 15%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.99 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 33, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
Embodiment 6
Adopt as embodiment 4 parameter, only Ca and Zn is replaced to equivalent equal proportion Ni, Zn, above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of aluminium alloy is 0.027674 Ω mm2/m, 62.3%IACS conductivity, and elongation at break is 14%, under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.99 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 33, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to
Embodiment 7
Adopt as embodiment 4 parameter, only Ca and Zn is replaced to equivalent equal proportion Ti, Zn, above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027630 Ω mm
2the conductance of/m, 62.4%IACS, elongation at break is 15%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.98 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 33, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm. to
Embodiment 8:
A kind of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, the percentage by weight following (total weight: 1T) of component and each component:
Its weight percent content of Ca, Ni, Ti and Zn is 1:1:1:1.。
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, processing technology comprises the steps:
A, obtain founding materials by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 700 DEG C of temperature conditions, carry out smelting technology, then cast under 650 DEG C of temperature conditions, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 4h, then rapid quenching in the cooling water of 30 DEG C;
C, the ingot casting that obtained by step b at 150 DEG C of Ageing Treatment 7h, then are warming up to 350 DEG C and are rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature conditions, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make 60% of rod of metal alloy sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to step c, obtain aluminium alloy wire;
E, under the temperature conditions forming aluminium alloy core, aluminium alloy wire steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 80% of aluminium alloy wire sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time heat treatment 3h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 350 DEG C of conditions, heat treatment 8h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027808 Ω mm
2/ m, 62%IACS conductivity, elongation at break is 14%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.98 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 33, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with separator, insulating barrier successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulating barrier and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamide, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to rated voltage 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, ampacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 9:
A kind of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, the percentage by weight following (total weight: 1T) of component and each component:
Its weight percent content of Ca, Ni, Ti and Zn is 1:1:1:1.。
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, processing technology comprises the steps:
A, obtain founding materials by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 700 DEG C of temperature conditions, carry out smelting technology, then cast under 650 DEG C of temperature conditions, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 4h, then rapid quenching in the cooling water of 30 DEG C;
C, the ingot casting that obtained by step b at 150 DEG C of Ageing Treatment 7h, then are warming up to 350 DEG C and are rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature conditions, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make 60% of rod of metal alloy sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to step c, obtain aluminium alloy wire;
E, under the temperature conditions forming aluminium alloy core, aluminium alloy wire steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 80% of aluminium alloy wire sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time heat treatment 3h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 350 DEG C of conditions, heat treatment 8h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.028172 Ω mm
2/ m, 61.2%IACS conductivity, elongation at break is 15%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.98 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 31, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with separator, insulating barrier successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulating barrier and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamide, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to rated voltage 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, ampacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 10:
A kind of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, the percentage by weight following (total weight: 1T) of component and each component:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La, Pr and Er, wherein, the content of Ce and La account for rare earth element total content 70%, Ca, its weight percent content of Ni and Ti is 1:1:1.
Adopt parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, by the removing Zn of Ca, Ni, Ti and Zn composition, other elements are constant except aluminium.Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027586 Ω mm
2/ m, 62.5%IACS conductivity, elongation at break is 13%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.99 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 34, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.Final system aluminium alloy cable, all meet the instructions for use of colliery aluminium alloy cable, suppress the phenomenon of grain coarsening to decline obviously simultaneously.
Embodiment 11:
A kind of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, the percentage by weight following (total weight: 1T) of component and each component:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE is Ce, La, and its weight percent content of Ni, Ca and Zn is 1:1:1.
Adopt parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, by the removing Ti of Ca, Ni, Ti and Zn composition, other elements are constant except aluminium.Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027586 Ω mm
2/ m, 62.5%IACS conductivity, elongation at break is 14.5%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.99 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 34, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.Parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method is adopted to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, the pliability of final products aluminium alloy wire, mechanical performance have certain reduction compared with embodiment 5, therefore a certain amount of Ti can improve the pliability of aluminium alloy, mechanical performance, compare the increase of Zn content owing to comparing embodiment 5, elongation at break slightly increases simultaneously.
Embodiment 12:
A kind of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, the percentage by weight following (total weight: 1T) of component and each component:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE is Ce, La, and its weight percent content of Ca, Ti and Zn is 1:1:1.
Parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method is adopted to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, by the removing Ni of Ca, Ni, Ti and Zn composition, above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, 61%IACS conductivity, elongation at break is 14.5%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.99 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 34, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.Compare with embodiment 7, the conductivity of aluminium alloy reduces, and when processing aluminium alloy electric cable, plasticity also reduces simultaneously, but reaches satisfied on the parameter request of overall Coal Electricity cable, and the therefore suitable Ni that adds has certain necessity.
Embodiment 13:
A kind of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, the percentage by weight following (total weight: 1T) of component and each component:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE is Ce, La, and its weight percent content of Ni, Ti and Zn is 1:1:1.
Parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method is adopted to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, by the removing Ca of Ca, Ni, Ti and Zn composition.Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027808 Ω mm
2/ m, 62%IACS conductivity, elongation at break is 14.5%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa compression condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 1 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 34, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.Compare the conductivity of aluminium alloy with embodiment 8, creep properties has and reduce a little, mainly calcium solid solubility in aluminium alloy is extremely low, forms CaAl with aluminium
4compound, the high-temperature behavior of calcium energy reinforced aluminium alloy, improves the creep-resistant property of aluminium alloy with the metallic element coordination energy such as Fe, and micro-calcium is conducive to removing the hydrogen in aluminium liquid simultaneously.Ca is again the superplasticity element of aluminium alloy, and calcium and silicon form CaSi, are insoluble to aluminium, owing to reducing the solid solution capacity of silicon, can improve the electric conductivity of commercial-purity aluminium a little.Therefore the integrity attribute that appropriate Ca can improve aluminium alloy is added.
Therefore above-mentioned every embodiment compared with control is at the composition parameter of claimed range, actual production and the user demand of colliery alloy cable can be met, for Si, the use of B can effectively strengthen alloy processing characteristics and against corrosion can etc., therefore little to the change of actual test parameter, meet the electric conductivity of the aluminium alloy of the application's parameter, tensile property, creep-resistant property and anti-fatigue performance etc. can meet the requirement of existing colliery copper core cable, and more existing colliery copper cash phase specific mass is gently a lot, effectively reduce cable cost, improve operating efficiency and economic benefit.In the application, Ca, Ni, Ti and Zn can choose arbitrarily wherein two kinds or two or more combination, can learn owing to not forming any effect mutually between individual element from embodiment, its portfolio ratio does not limit, as long as limit its content, its aluminium alloy cable obtained all meets the requirement of Coal Electricity cable.
For the aluminium alloy of the application's protection range from above-described embodiment; obtained aluminium alloy cable within scope all can meet the requirement of Coal Electricity cable; suitably in Ca, Ni, Ti and Zn composition add wherein two kinds or two or more compositions; to a certain degree can improve the attribute of alloy; but be unlikely to the requirement of the colliery operation parameter affecting alloy, suitable addition can make the attribute of cable more excellent more.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments, equivalent replacement etc. done in protection scope of the present invention, all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy, is characterized in that, each composition of aluminium alloy and percentage by weight are respectively:
Fe content is 0.2 ~ 1.1%;
Mg content is 0.01 ~ 0.4%;
Zr content is 0.001 ~ 0.2%;
Si content is 0 ~ 0.1%;
B content is 0 ~ 0.2%;
All the other are Al and impurity,
Wherein aluminium alloy resistivity is not more than 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is not less than 10%, and 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times.
2. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this aluminium alloy also comprises weight percent content to be 0.001 ~ 0.15% be selected from two or more in Ca, Ni, Ti and Zn composition of forming.
3. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise rare earth element in described aluminium alloy, the content of described rare earth element accounts for the 0.1-0.3% of aluminium alloy weight.
4. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described rare earth element comprises Ce, La, and the weight of described Ce and La accounts at least 50% of rare earth element total weight.
5. the Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy of the coal mine cable as described in any one of Claims 1-4, is characterized in that, described aluminium alloy under temperature 120 DEG C, compression 120MPa condition, the average creep speed of 1 ~ 100 hour is for being less than or equal to 1 × 10
-2(%/h).
6. a coal mine cable manufacture method for Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, is characterized in that, the processing technology of aluminium alloy cable comprises the steps:
A, by aluminum alloy melts to any one of claim 1-5, carry out casting again and obtain founding materials: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, smelting technology is carried out under 700 DEG C or more temperature conditions, then cast under 680 DEG C or following temperature conditions, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting solution treatment 2-6h within the scope of 460-550 DEG C that step a is obtained, then rapid quenching in the cooling water of 20-100 DEG C;
C, ingot casting Ageing Treatment 6-10h within the scope of 150-250 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to more than 300 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature conditions, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make the 50-60% of rod of metal alloy sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to step c, obtain aluminium alloy wire;
E, under the temperature conditions forming aluminium alloy core, aluminium alloy wire steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes the 70-100% of aluminium alloy wire sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, carry out first time heat treatment 3-6h under 230-320 DEG C of condition, then under 300-400 DEG C of condition, incite somebody to action heat treatment 8-14h again, obtain the core of aluminium alloy;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
7. a coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable, it is characterized in that, the core of this aluminium alloy cable is made up of the aluminium alloy of any one of claim 1-4, and this aluminium alloy cable comprises by the stranded cable core of power wire core, ground connection core, control conductor three kinds of cores, be provided with between core and fill out sandwich layer, cable core is outside equipped with external sheath layer.
8. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described insulating barrier and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamide, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex or polypropylene.
9. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described core is 10 ~ 2000 by quantity, and diameter is that 0.2mm ~ 0.5mm filament tow strand forms, and described monofilament is made up of described aluminium alloy.
10. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Mg-Zr aluminium alloy cable as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the not short circuit after 9000 counter-bending tests of described aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, and in 90 DEG C of long-time running situations, ampacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable, and described aluminium alloy cable is applicable to the coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable of rated voltage 8.7/10kV and following grade.
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| CN114807702A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-07-29 | 山东博源精密机械有限公司 | Al-Mg-Fe system motor rotor alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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