CN104294089B - A kind of coal mine cable Al Fe Cu Mg Zr line aluminium alloys and aluminium alloy cable - Google Patents
A kind of coal mine cable Al Fe Cu Mg Zr line aluminium alloys and aluminium alloy cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of coal mine cable Al Fe Cu Mg Zr line aluminium alloys and aluminium alloy cable, wherein, the component and the percentage by weight of each component that aluminum alloy materials include are as follows：Fe：0.2 1.1%；Cu：0.01 0.4%；Mg：0.01 0.4%；Zr：0.001 0.2%；Si：0 0.1%；B：0 0.2%；Surplus is Al and impurity；Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials are obtained into aluminium alloy rod by melting, casting, rolling mill practice, then forms aluminium alloy conductor core through drawing, bundle strand, softening, then aluminium alloy cable is made by extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or armouring in conductor thread core.A kind of coal mine cable Al Fe Cu Mg Zr line aluminium alloys are provided, the characteristic such as have high intensity, high conductivity, bending property good；Aluminium alloy cable can meet the requirement in the field of colliery to cable performance made of the aluminium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mine cable technical field, and in particular to a kind of coal mine cable is closed with Al-Fe-Cu-Mg-Zr systems aluminium
Gold and aluminium alloy cable.
Background technology
Coal mine cable because the environment used is complicated, condition of work is severe and mobile frequent, do not grow by service life, watt
The region of this accumulation is again extremely dangerous therefore not only very high to cable security requirement itself, and frequent moving field is shared
Wearability, the anti-external tensile force performance requirement of cable are very high.Therefore, it is higher to belong to technology content in cable industry for coal mine cable
Product.
Common cable uses copper conductor, with the exhaustive exploitation to copper resource, copper resource growing tension, and is on the verge of deficient
It is weary, it is therefore desirable to replace copper conductor using the wire of other materials, could meet the needs of market.In metal material, aluminium tool
The characteristic such as have conductive effect good, light, cheap, and in recent years, for the reinforcement of environmental consciousness, need to mitigate weight strongly
To improve machine fuel utilization rate, therefore, it has been trend of the times to replace copper core cable with aluminium cable.In the prior art, ground
Aluminium cable is made, but common aluminium cable has the defects of mechanical performance and poor corrosion resistance, does not possess and meets coal
The good bending property that mine cable frequently moves；And according to the adverse circumstances of coal mine cable, to the conduction of cable conductor
Rate and mechanical strength have higher requirement, and the conductance of existing common aluminium cable and mechanical strength properties can not meet coal
The requirement of mine cable.Therefore, a kind of aluminium alloy cable that can meet requirement in coal mining is developed with very wide
Market prospects.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome disadvantage mentioned above, there is provided a kind of coal mine cable with Al-Fe-Cu-Mg-Zr line aluminium alloys and
Aluminium alloy cable, aluminium alloy characteristic, the aluminium made of the aluminium alloy such as have high intensity, high conductivity, bending property good
Alloy cable can meet the requirement to cable performance in the field of colliery.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg-Zr line aluminium alloys, including component and each component weight percent such as
Under：
Fe：0.2-1.1%；
Cu：0.01-0.4%；
Mg：0.01-0.4%；
Zr：0.001-0.2%；
Si：0-0.1%；
B：0-0.2%；
Surplus is Al and impurity；
The resistivity of the aluminium alloy is less than or equal to 0.028264 Ω mm2/ m, electrical conductivity are more than or equal to 61%IACS, break
Elongation is split not less than 10%, and 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times.
Further, the aluminium alloy is under the conditions of 120 DEG C of temperature, compression 120MPa, the average creep of 1-100 hours
Speed is less than or equal to 1 × 10-2(%/h).
Further, the aluminium alloy also includes rare earth element, and the content of the rare earth element accounts for al alloy component gross weight
The 0.1-0.3% of amount.
Further, the rare earth element includes Ce, La, and the Ce and La account at least the 50% of rare earth element total amount.
A kind of aluminum alloy cable for coal mines, the processing technology of the aluminium alloy cable comprise the following steps：
A, by the aluminium alloy any one of Claims 1-4 by melting, casting, rolling aluminium alloy rod；
B, the aluminium alloy rod that step a is obtained is obtained into aluminium alloy conductor core by drawing, bundle strand, sofening treatment；
C, aluminium alloy electric is made by extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or armouring in the conductor thread core for obtaining step b
Cable.
Further, the aluminium alloy conductor core is respectively 0.2-0.5mm filament tow process by 10-2000 root diameters
Into the monofilament is obtained by the aluminium alloy rod by drawing.
Further, the aluminium alloy cable is applied to -40 DEG C -90 DEG C of Minepit environment.
Further, the aluminium alloy cable is applied to the coal mine moving class of rated voltage 8.7/10kV and level below
Rubber sleeve flexible cable.
Further, the aluminium alloy cable is in the case of 90 DEG C of longtime runnings, and current-carrying capacity is not less than same cross-sectional copper electricity
The 80% of cable.
Further, the aluminium alloy cable is not short-circuit after 9000 counter-bending tests, breaking.
Coal mine cable provided by the invention Al-Fe-Cu-Mg-Zr line aluminium alloys and aluminium alloy cable, have following excellent
Point：
1st, colliery aluminium alloy provided by the invention, the element of aluminium alloy is optimized, so as to improve the aluminium alloy
Performance.Colliery aluminium alloy provided by the invention, from Al-Fe-Cu-Mg-Zr series, by adding Fe elements, it can improve
The mechanical strength and tensile property of alloy, Fe can also significantly improve high-temperature creep resistance, and improve the fatigue resistance of alloy
Energy；Cu is important alloying element, there is certain solid solution strengthening effect, in addition, the CuAl of Precipitation2There is obvious timeliness
Strengthen effect, Cu addition can improve the intensity and high temperature creep property of alloy, and can improve anti-fatigue performance；Closed in aluminium
A small amount of Mg is added in gold, refinement cast sturcture can be achieved；Zr and Al forms ZrAl3Compound, recrystallization process can be hindered, carefully
Change recrystal grain, because influences of the Zr to quenching sensitive is smaller than chromium and manganese, therefore preferably refined with zirconium instead of chromium and manganese
Recrystallized structure；In addition, Zr can also notable modified alloy antifatigue bending property, improve the service life of cable.
Colliery aluminium alloy provided by the invention, selection add a small amount of Si, Mg and Si effect, form MgSi in the alloy
Hardening constituent, improve recrystallization temperature and change ag(e)ing behavio(u)r, the recrystal grain of product is further refined, it is intensity, tough
Property is improved, and plasticity, corrosion resistance are improved, and improve the yield strength and elongation percentage of aluminium alloy, avoid alloy product
Reprocessing, production efficiency is improved, reduce production cost.Meanwhile Si content is limited, because excessive Si can cause to draw
Performance reduction is stretched, has influence on the processing characteristics of aluminium alloy cable, and the tired bending property of conductor may be reduced, and excessively
Si can also reduce electrical property, and a small amount of Si presence makes alusil alloy have fabulous casting character and corrosion stability.
The present invention further preferably adds a certain amount of B, in terms of can improving the micro- drawing of processing characteristics, particularly monofilament and bundle strand
Processing characteristics.Colliery aluminium alloy provided by the invention, by regarding appropriate B as al alloy component, it can both improve alloy
Performance, will not can deteriorate the performance of alloy, particularly electrical property and extension property because of excessive amount again.Aluminium provided by the invention
Alloy material, matched by rational alloying component to ensure the performance of alloy.
Colliery aluminium alloy provided by the invention, a certain amount of rare earth elements RE is further preferably added, wherein Ce, La accounts for rare earth
At least the 50% of element total content, rare earth element can not only significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, moreover it is possible to play raising alloy and resist
The effect of tired bending property, extend the service life of cable.It is preferred that Ce and La, be because both elements in the present invention
Effect becomes apparent from compared with other rare earth element improvements.
Colliery aluminium alloy material provided by the invention, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice,
The resistivity of obtained aluminium alloy is less than or equal to 0.028264 Ω mm2/ m, electrical conductivity are more than or equal to 61%IACS, extension at break
Rate is not less than 10%, under the conditions of 120 DEG C of temperature, 120MPa compression, and the average creep speeds of 1-100 hours is less than or equal to 1 ×
10-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times, and filament diameter most I moves 0.2mm to.
2nd, aluminum alloy cable for coal mines provided by the invention, aluminium alloy provided by the present invention are made, and obtained colliery is used
Aluminium alloy cable not only has good electric conductivity, tensile property, creep-resistant property and anti-fatigue performance, particularly counter-bending
Performance has also reached the technical requirements of colliery copper core；Meanwhile aluminum alloy cable for coal mines due to pliability it is good, and weight is compared with copper
It is light many thus more convenient to use as soft cable for coal mine, the cost of coal mine cable is effectively reduced, is improved
Operating efficiency, has a very good technical economic benefit.Aluminum alloy cable for coal mines provided by the invention, moved suitable for colliery
Dynamic class rubber sleeve flexible cable, rated voltage 8.7/10kV and following coal rubber sheathed flexible cable for mine, under the conditions of 90 DEG C of longtime runnings, are carried
Flow is not less than the 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable；And aluminum alloy cable for coal mines provided by the invention is through 9000 counter-bending examinations
It is not short-circuit after testing, not breaking, wherein, 9000 counter-bending tests test method as defined in MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is common based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area
The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belong to the model that the present invention protects
Enclose.
In the present invention, the preparation method of the aluminium alloy conductor core used in aluminum alloy cable for coal mines, comprise the following steps：
A, by being cast to obtain founding materials to molten aluminium alloy：It is proportionally added into aluminium alloy mentioned in the present invention
Composition, smelting technology is carried out under the conditions of 700-800 DEG C, is then cast under the conditions of 650-680 DEG C, obtains ingot casting；
B, the ingot casting for obtaining step a solution treatment 2-6h in the range of 460-550 DEG C, then in 20-100 DEG C of cooling
Rapid quenching in water；
C, the ingot casting for obtaining step b Ageing Treatment 6-10h in the range of 150-250 DEG C, then 300-400 DEG C is warming up to,
It is rolled into rod of metal alloy；
D, in the range of 280-300 DEG C, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carries out drawing processing, makes reduced cross-sectional area extremely
The 50-60% of cross-sectional area, obtains aluminium alloy wire in step c；
E, in the case where forming the temperature conditionss of aluminium alloy core, the aluminium alloy wire that step d is obtained carries out drawing processing again, makes
The 70-100% of reduced cross-sectional area aluminium alloy wire sectional area into step d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament；
F, the obtained aluminium alloy conductor monofilaments of some step e are twisted, heat for the first time is carried out under the conditions of 230-320 DEG C
3-6h is handled, 8-14h then will be heat-treated again under the conditions of 300-400 DEG C, and obtain aluminium alloy conductor core.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy conductor core, in casting step, heating should be slow, adds a variety of alloys
During ingot, should the shove charge below 300 DEG C, to ensure casting homogeneous heating, at as high temperature as possible (close to the molten of eutectic
Point) by the solid heat treatment of long period alloying element is dissolved in matrix with the second phase, due to trace alloying element (B, Si,
RE involvement), matrix is turned into sub-saturated state, the intensity and plasticity that can greatly improve alloy are handled by solid appearance, improve
The decay resistance of alloy；Quickly cooling (slings to casting that to be completely immersed in the time in cooling medium unsuitable from casting after solid solution
More than 15s, so that casting uniform quenching) improve casting tensile property and pliability；In timeliness incipient stage, matrix saturation degree
Very big, the hardness of casting can greatly improve, and with the increase of aging time, the concentration between matrix and precipitate reaches balance,
Now precipitate precipitation beginning is slack-off, is now passing through shorter soaking time, can suppress grain growth, less so as to obtain
Coarse-fine aluminium alloy, it is derived from the i.e. higher intensity of excellent mechanical property, good plasticity and toughness；In step f twice
Annealing can eliminate the internal stress of aluminium alloy stranded conductor, the electric property of stable alloy line to greatest extent, and stable dimensions subtract
Few deformation, greatly improve the draftability and bendability of alloy wire.
It is described in detail respectively below for the technical scheme of aluminium alloy provided by the invention and aluminium alloy cable：
Embodiment 1
The percentage by weight of a kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg-Zr line aluminium alloys, component and each component is following (total
Weight：1T)：
In above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, preferably added with a certain amount of B, B can improve the property of alloy as al alloy component
Can, particularly electrical property and extension property, and ensure by the proportion relation of each reasonable composition the performance of alloy.
The method that aluminium alloy conductor core is prepared using above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, is comprised the following steps that：
A, by being cast to obtain founding materials to molten aluminium alloy：Above-mentioned al alloy component is added according to the above ratio,
Smelting technology is carried out under the conditions of 700 DEG C, is then cast under the conditions of 650 DEG C, obtains ingot casting；
B, by the ingot casting that step a is obtained in the range of 500 DEG C solution treatment 3h, then quickly quenched in 50 DEG C of cooling water
Fire；
C, by the ingot casting that step b is obtained in the range of 150 DEG C Ageing Treatment 6h, then be warming up to 350 DEG C, be rolled into alloy
Bar；
D, in the range of 280 DEG C, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carries out drawing processing, makes reduced cross-sectional area to step c
The 50% of middle cross-sectional area, obtains aluminium alloy wire；
E, in the case where forming the temperature conditionss of aluminium alloy core, the aluminium alloy wire that step d is obtained carries out drawing processing again, makes
Reduced cross-sectional area into step d aluminium alloy wire sectional area 70%, obtain aluminium alloy conductor monofilament；
F, the obtained aluminium alloy conductor monofilaments of some step e are twisted, first time heat treatment is carried out under the conditions of 260 DEG C
It 3h, then will be heat-treated 8h again under the conditions of 300 DEG C, and obtain aluminium alloy conductor core.Wherein, aluminium alloy conductor core can be by
10-2000 root diameters are respectively that 0.2-0.5mm aluminium alloy conductor monofilament bundle strand is made, and are determined according to the specification of aluminium alloy cable
The diameter and quantity of aluminium alloy conductor monofilament.
Wherein, in step a, al alloy component, which adds form, to be：Be proportionally added into Al ingots, Al-Fe ingots, Al-Cu ingots,
Al-Mg ingots, Al-B ingots, Al-Zr ingots, or add pure metal ingot.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, obtained aluminium alloy
Resistivity is 0.028172 Ω mm2/ m, 61.2%IACS conductance, elongation at break 10%, 120 DEG C of temperature,
Under the conditions of 120MPa compression, the average creep speed of 1-100 hours is 0.99 × 10-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times
Reach 31, and filament diameter most I moves 0.2mm to.
Colliery aluminium alloy is made by extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or armouring in above-mentioned aluminium alloy conductor core
Cable.
Wherein, aluminium alloy cable includes cable core and the external sheath layer that is arranged on outside cable core, cable core by power major insulation core,
Ground connection core, control conductor bundle strand form, and power major insulation core, ground connection core, control conductor are respectively aluminium alloy conductor
Core.There are sandwich layer, and power major insulation core and ground connection core, the concentric stranding of control conductor between core layer.
The material of above-mentioned external sheath layer is preferably polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamides
One kind in amine, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex, polypropylene, by selecting the material of external sheath layer, it is wear-resisting to increase cable
Property, adapt it to the characteristics of coal mine cable frequently moves.
The cable has a wide range of application, especially suitable for rated voltage 8.7/ available under -40 DEG C of -90 DEG C of environment in mine
10kV and following flexible rubber-sheathed flexible cables for use in mines.By test, under the conditions of 90 DEG C of longtime runnings, current-carrying capacity is not less than phase
With the 80% of section copper cable；And not short-circuit, not breaking after 9000 counter-bending tests of the aluminum alloy cable for coal mines, the present invention
9000 counter-bending tests test method as defined in MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 2
A kind of following (the gross weight of the percentage by weight of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, component and each component：1T)：
In above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, added with a certain amount of Si and rare earth element, Mg and Si is acted on, and is formed MgSi and is strengthened
Phase, improve recrystallization temperature and change ag(e)ing behavio(u)r, the recrystal grain of product is further refined, intensity, toughness obtain
To improve, plasticity, corrosion resistance are improved, and improve the yield strength and elongation percentage of aluminium alloy, avoid adding again for alloy product
Work, production efficiency is improved, reduce production cost.
Rare earth element can not only significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, moreover it is possible to play and improve alloy antifatigue bending property
Effect, extend the service life of cable.Wherein, rare earth elements RE includes Ce, La and Pr, wherein, Ce and La content accounts for dilute
The 50% of earth elements total content.
The method that aluminium alloy conductor core is prepared using above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, is comprised the following steps that：
A, by being cast to obtain founding materials to molten aluminium alloy：Above-mentioned al alloy component is added according to the above ratio,
Smelting technology is carried out under the conditions of 780 DEG C, is then cast under the conditions of 660 DEG C, obtains ingot casting；
B, by the ingot casting that step a is obtained in the range of 460 DEG C solution treatment 2h, then quickly quenched in 20 DEG C of cooling water
Fire；
C, by the ingot casting that step b is obtained in the range of 180 DEG C Ageing Treatment 8h, then be warming up to 300 DEG C, be rolled into alloy
Bar；
D, in the range of 285 DEG C, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carries out drawing processing, makes reduced cross-sectional area to step c
The 55% of middle cross-sectional area, obtains aluminium alloy wire；
E, in the case where forming the temperature conditionss of aluminium alloy core, the aluminium alloy wire that step d is obtained carries out drawing processing again, makes
Reduced cross-sectional area into step d aluminium alloy wire sectional area 75%, obtain aluminium alloy conductor monofilament；
F, the obtained aluminium alloy conductor monofilaments of some step e are twisted, first time heat treatment is carried out under the conditions of 230 DEG C
It 4h, then will be heat-treated 10h again under the conditions of 330 DEG C, and obtain aluminium alloy conductor core.Wherein, aluminium alloy conductor core can
It is made up of the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament bundle strand that 10-2000 root diameters are respectively 0.2-0.5mm, it is true according to the specification of aluminium alloy cable
Determine the diameter and quantity of aluminium alloy conductor monofilament.
Wherein, in step a, al alloy component, which adds form, to be：Be proportionally added into Al ingots, Al-Fe ingots, Al-Cu ingots,
Al-Mg ingots, Al-Si ingots, Al-Zr ingots, Al-RE ingots, or add pure metal ingot.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, obtained aluminium alloy
Resistivity is 0.028034 Ω mm2/ m, 61.5%IACS conductance, elongation at break 18%, 120 DEG C of temperature,
Under the conditions of 120MPa compression, the average creep speed of 1-100 hours is 1 × 10-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach
33, and filament diameter most I moves 0.2mm to.
Colliery aluminium alloy is made by extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or armouring in above-mentioned aluminium alloy conductor core
Cable.
Wherein, aluminium alloy cable includes cable core and the external sheath layer that is arranged on outside cable core, cable core by power major insulation core,
Ground connection core, control conductor are twisted, and power major insulation core, ground connection core, control conductor are respectively aluminium alloy conductor
Core.
The material of above-mentioned external sheath layer is preferably polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamides
One kind in amine, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex, polypropylene, by selecting the material of external sheath layer, it is wear-resisting to increase cable
Property, adapt it to the characteristics of coal mine cable frequently moves.
The cable has a wide range of application, especially suitable for rated voltage 8.7/ available under -40 DEG C of -90 DEG C of environment in mine
10kV and following flexible rubber-sheathed flexible cables for use in mines.By test, can reach not less than phase in 90 DEG C of longtime running current-carrying capacities
With the 80% of section copper cable；And not short-circuit, not breaking after 9000 counter-bending tests of the aluminum alloy cable for coal mines, the present invention
9000 counter-bending tests test method as defined in MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 3
A kind of following (the gross weight of the percentage by weight of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, component and each component：1T)：
Wherein, rare earth elements RE includes Ce, La and Er, wherein, Ce and La content account for the 60% of rare earth element total content.
The method that aluminium alloy conductor core is prepared using above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, is comprised the following steps that：
A, by being cast to obtain founding materials to molten aluminium alloy：Above-mentioned al alloy component is added according to the above ratio,
Smelting technology is carried out under the conditions of 730 DEG C, is then cast under the conditions of 655 DEG C, obtains ingot casting；
B, by the ingot casting that step a is obtained in the range of 480 DEG C solution treatment 4h, then quickly quenched in 80 DEG C of cooling water
Fire；
C, by the ingot casting that step b is obtained in the range of 200 DEG C Ageing Treatment 7h, then be warming up to 320 DEG C, be rolled into alloy
Bar；
D, in the range of 290 DEG C, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carries out drawing processing, makes reduced cross-sectional area to step c
The 60% of middle cross-sectional area, obtains aluminium alloy wire；
E, in the case where forming the temperature conditionss of aluminium alloy core, the aluminium alloy wire that step d is obtained carries out drawing processing again, makes
Reduced cross-sectional area into step d aluminium alloy wire sectional area 80%, obtain aluminium alloy conductor monofilament；
F, the obtained aluminium alloy conductor monofilaments of some step e are twisted, first time heat treatment is carried out under the conditions of 280 DEG C
It 5h, then will be heat-treated 12h again under the conditions of 370 DEG C, and obtain aluminium alloy conductor core.Wherein, aluminium alloy conductor core can
It is made up of the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament bundle strand that 10-2000 root diameters are respectively 0.2-0.5mm, it is true according to the specification of aluminium alloy cable
Determine the diameter and quantity of aluminium alloy conductor monofilament.
Wherein, in step a, al alloy component, which adds form, to be：Be proportionally added into Al ingots, Al-Fe ingots, Al-Cu ingots,
Al-Mg ingots, Al-Si ingots, Al-B ingots, Al-Zr ingots, Al-RE ingots, or add pure metal ingot.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, obtained aluminium alloy
Resistivity is 0.027898 Ω mm2/ m, 61.8%IACS conductance, elongation at break 20%, 120 DEG C of temperature,
Under the conditions of 120MPa compression, the average creep speed of 1-100 hours is 0.96 × 10-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times
Reach 35, and filament diameter most I moves 0.2mm to.
Colliery aluminium alloy is made by extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or armouring in above-mentioned aluminium alloy conductor core
Cable.
Wherein, aluminium alloy cable includes cable core and the external sheath layer that is arranged on outside cable core, cable core by power major insulation core,
Ground connection core, control conductor are twisted, and power major insulation core, ground connection core, control conductor are respectively aluminium alloy conductor
Core.
The material of above-mentioned external sheath layer is preferably polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamides
One kind in amine, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex, polypropylene, by selecting the material of external sheath layer, it is wear-resisting to increase cable
Property, adapt it to the characteristics of coal mine cable frequently moves.
The cable has a wide range of application, especially suitable for rated voltage 8.7/ available under -40 DEG C of -90 DEG C of environment in mine
10kV and following flexible rubber-sheathed flexible cables for use in mines.By test, can reach not less than phase in 90 DEG C of longtime running current-carrying capacities
With the 80% of section copper cable；And not short-circuit, not breaking after 9000 counter-bending tests of the aluminum alloy cable for coal mines, the present invention
9000 counter-bending tests test method as defined in MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 4
A kind of following (the gross weight of the percentage by weight of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, component and each component：1T)：
Wherein, rare earth elements RE Ce, La.
The method that aluminium alloy conductor core is prepared using above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, is comprised the following steps that：
A, by being cast to obtain founding materials to molten aluminium alloy：Above-mentioned al alloy component is added according to the above ratio,
Smelting technology is carried out under the conditions of 760 DEG C, is then cast under the conditions of 680 DEG C, obtains ingot casting；
B, by the ingot casting that step a is obtained in the range of 520 DEG C solution treatment 6h, it is then quick in 100 DEG C of cooling water
Quenching；
C, by the ingot casting that step b is obtained in the range of 230 DEG C Ageing Treatment 9h, then be warming up to 370 DEG C, be rolled into alloy
Bar；
D, in the range of 300 DEG C, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carries out drawing processing, makes reduced cross-sectional area to step c
The 58% of middle cross-sectional area, obtains aluminium alloy wire；
E, in the case where forming the temperature conditionss of aluminium alloy core, the aluminium alloy wire that step d is obtained carries out drawing processing again, makes
Reduced cross-sectional area into step d aluminium alloy wire sectional area 85%, obtain aluminium alloy conductor monofilament；
F, the obtained aluminium alloy conductor monofilaments of some step e are twisted, first time heat treatment is carried out under the conditions of 320 DEG C
It 6h, then will be heat-treated 13h again under the conditions of 390 DEG C, and obtain aluminium alloy conductor core.Wherein, aluminium alloy conductor core can
It is made up of the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament bundle strand that 10-2000 root diameters are respectively 0.2-0.5mm, it is true according to the specification of aluminium alloy cable
Determine the diameter and quantity of aluminium alloy conductor monofilament.
Wherein, in step a, al alloy component, which adds form, to be：Be proportionally added into Al ingots, Al-Fe ingots, Al-Cu ingots,
Al-Mg ingots, Al-Si ingots, Al-B ingots, Al-Zr ingots, Al-RE ingots, or add pure metal ingot.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, obtained aluminium alloy
Resistivity is 0.027808 Ω mm2/ m, 62%IACS conductance, elongation at break 19%, 120 DEG C of temperature, 120MPa
Under the conditions of compression, the average creep speed of 1-100 hours is 0.93 × 10-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 40,
And filament diameter most I moves 0.2mm to.
Colliery aluminium alloy is made by extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or armouring in above-mentioned aluminium alloy conductor core
Cable.
Wherein, aluminium alloy cable includes cable core and the external sheath layer that is arranged on outside cable core, cable core by power major insulation core,
Ground connection core, control conductor are twisted, and power major insulation core, ground connection core, control conductor are respectively aluminium alloy conductor
Core.
The material of above-mentioned external sheath layer is preferably polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamides
One kind in amine, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex, polypropylene, by selecting the material of external sheath layer, it is wear-resisting to increase cable
Property, adapt it to the characteristics of coal mine cable frequently moves.
The cable has a wide range of application, especially suitable for rated voltage 8.7/ available under -40 DEG C of -90 DEG C of environment in mine
10kV and following flexible rubber-sheathed flexible cables for use in mines.By test, can reach not less than phase in 90 DEG C of longtime running current-carrying capacities
With the 80% of section copper cable；And not short-circuit, not breaking after 9000 counter-bending tests of the aluminum alloy cable for coal mines, the present invention
9000 counter-bending tests test method as defined in MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 5
A kind of following (the gross weight of the percentage by weight of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, component and each component：1T)：
Wherein, rare earth elements RE includes Ce, La, Pr and Er, wherein, Ce and La content account for rare earth element total content
70%.
The method that aluminium alloy conductor core is prepared using above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, is comprised the following steps that：
A, by being cast to obtain founding materials to molten aluminium alloy：Above-mentioned al alloy component is added according to the above ratio,
Smelting technology is carried out under the conditions of 800 DEG C, is then cast under the conditions of 675 DEG C, obtains ingot casting；
B, by the ingot casting that step a is obtained in the range of 550 DEG C solution treatment 5h, then quickly quenched in 65 DEG C of cooling water
Fire；
C, by the ingot casting that step b is obtained in the range of 195 DEG C Ageing Treatment 10h, then be warming up to 380 DEG C, be rolled into alloy
Bar；
D, in the range of 293 DEG C, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carries out drawing processing, makes reduced cross-sectional area to step c
The 54% of middle cross-sectional area, obtains aluminium alloy wire；
E, in the case where forming the temperature conditionss of aluminium alloy core, the aluminium alloy wire that step d is obtained carries out drawing processing again, makes
Reduced cross-sectional area into step d aluminium alloy wire sectional area 100%, obtain aluminium alloy conductor monofilament；In the step, because of aluminium alloy
Cross-sectional area does not reduce, that is, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained is the aluminium alloy wire in step d；
F, the obtained aluminium alloy conductor monofilaments of some step e are twisted, first time heat treatment is carried out under the conditions of 300 DEG C
It 6h, then will be heat-treated 14h again under the conditions of 400 DEG C, and obtain aluminium alloy conductor core.Wherein, aluminium alloy conductor core can
It is made up of the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament bundle strand that 10-2000 root diameters are respectively 0.2-0.5mm, it is true according to the specification of aluminium alloy cable
Determine the diameter and quantity of aluminium alloy conductor monofilament.
Wherein, in step a, al alloy component, which adds form, to be：Be proportionally added into Al ingots, Al-Fe ingots, Al-Cu ingots,
Al-Mg ingots, Al-Si ingots, Al-B ingots, Al-Zr ingots, Al-RE ingots, or add pure metal ingot.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, obtained aluminium alloy
Resistivity is 0.027586 Ω mm2/ m, 62.5%IACS conductance, elongation at break 17%, 120 DEG C of temperature,
Under the conditions of 120MPa compression, the average creep speed of 1-100 hours is 0.98 × 10-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times
Reach 36, and filament diameter most I moves 0.2mm to.
Colliery aluminium alloy is made by extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or armouring in above-mentioned aluminium alloy conductor core
Cable.
Wherein, aluminium alloy cable includes cable core and the external sheath layer that is arranged on outside cable core, cable core by power major insulation core,
Ground connection core, control conductor are twisted, and power major insulation core, ground connection core, control conductor are respectively aluminium alloy conductor
Core.
The material of above-mentioned external sheath layer is preferably polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamides
One kind in amine, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex, polypropylene, by selecting the material of external sheath layer, it is wear-resisting to increase cable
Property, adapt it to the characteristics of coal mine cable frequently moves.
The cable has a wide range of application, especially suitable for rated voltage 8.7/ available under -40 DEG C of -90 DEG C of environment in mine
10kV and following flexible rubber-sheathed flexible cables for use in mines.By test, can reach not less than phase in 90 DEG C of longtime running current-carrying capacities
With the 80% of section copper cable；And not short-circuit, not breaking after 9000 counter-bending tests of the aluminum alloy cable for coal mines, the present invention
9000 counter-bending tests test method as defined in MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 6
A kind of following (the gross weight of the percentage by weight of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, component and each component：1T)：
Wherein, rare earth elements RE Ce, La.
The method that aluminium alloy conductor core is prepared using above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, is comprised the following steps that：
A, by being cast to obtain founding materials to molten aluminium alloy：Above-mentioned al alloy component is added according to the above ratio,
Smelting technology is carried out under the conditions of 756 DEG C, is then cast under the conditions of 664 DEG C, obtains ingot casting；
B, by the ingot casting that step a is obtained in the range of 530 DEG C solution treatment 4h, then quickly quenched in 40 DEG C of cooling water
Fire；
C, by the ingot casting that step b is obtained in the range of 250 DEG C Ageing Treatment 8h, then be warming up to 400 DEG C, be rolled into alloy
Bar；
D, in the range of 284 DEG C, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carries out drawing processing, makes reduced cross-sectional area to step c
The 56% of middle cross-sectional area, obtains aluminium alloy wire；
E, in the case where forming the temperature conditionss of aluminium alloy core, the aluminium alloy wire that step d is obtained carries out drawing processing again, makes
Reduced cross-sectional area into step d aluminium alloy wire sectional area 90%, obtain aluminium alloy conductor monofilament；
F, the obtained aluminium alloy conductor monofilaments of some step e are twisted, first time heat treatment is carried out under the conditions of 275 DEG C
It 5h, then will be heat-treated 9h again under the conditions of 350 DEG C, and obtain aluminium alloy conductor core.Wherein, aluminium alloy conductor core can be by
10-2000 root diameters are respectively that 0.2-0.5mm aluminium alloy conductor monofilament bundle strand is made, and are determined according to the specification of aluminium alloy cable
The diameter and quantity of aluminium alloy conductor monofilament.
Wherein, in step a, al alloy component, which adds form, to be：Be proportionally added into Al ingots, Al-Fe ingots, Al-Cu ingots,
Al-Mg ingots, Al-Si ingots, Al-B ingots, Al-Zr ingots, Al-RE ingots, or add pure metal ingot.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, obtained aluminium alloy
Resistivity is 0.027454 Ω mm2/ m, 62.8%IACS conductance, elongation at break 16%, 120 DEG C of temperature,
Under the conditions of 120MPa compression, the average creep speed of 1-100 hours is 0.94 × 10-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times
Reach 38, and filament diameter most I moves 0.2mm to.
Colliery aluminium alloy is made by extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or armouring in above-mentioned aluminium alloy conductor core
Cable.
Wherein, aluminium alloy cable includes cable core and the external sheath layer that is arranged on outside cable core, cable core by power major insulation core,
Ground connection core, control conductor are twisted, and power major insulation core, ground connection core, control conductor are respectively aluminium alloy conductor
Core.
The material of above-mentioned external sheath layer is preferably polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamides
One kind in amine, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex, polypropylene, by selecting the material of external sheath layer, it is wear-resisting to increase cable
Property, adapt it to the characteristics of coal mine cable frequently moves.
The cable has a wide range of application, especially suitable for rated voltage 8.7/ available under -40 DEG C of -90 DEG C of environment in mine
10kV and following flexible rubber-sheathed flexible cables for use in mines.By test, can reach not less than phase in 90 DEG C of longtime running current-carrying capacities
With the 80% of section copper cable；And not short-circuit, not breaking after 9000 counter-bending tests of the aluminum alloy cable for coal mines, the present invention
9000 counter-bending tests test method as defined in MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 7
A kind of following (the gross weight of the percentage by weight of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, component and each component：1T)：
Wherein, rare earth elements RE Ce, La.
The method that aluminium alloy conductor core is prepared using above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, is comprised the following steps that：
A, by being cast to obtain founding materials to molten aluminium alloy：Above-mentioned al alloy component is added according to the above ratio,
Smelting technology is carried out under the conditions of 785 DEG C, is then cast under the conditions of 658 DEG C, obtains ingot casting；
B, by the ingot casting that step a is obtained in the range of 490 DEG C solution treatment 6h, then quickly quenched in 60 DEG C of cooling water
Fire；
C, by the ingot casting that step b is obtained in the range of 220 DEG C Ageing Treatment 7h, then be warming up to 360 DEG C, be rolled into alloy
Bar；
D, in the range of 286 DEG C, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carries out drawing processing, makes reduced cross-sectional area to step c
The 52% of middle cross-sectional area, obtains aluminium alloy wire；
E, in the case where forming the temperature conditionss of aluminium alloy core, the aluminium alloy wire that step d is obtained carries out drawing processing again, makes
Reduced cross-sectional area into step d aluminium alloy wire sectional area 78%, obtain aluminium alloy conductor monofilament；
F, the obtained aluminium alloy conductor monofilaments of some step e are twisted, first time heat treatment is carried out under the conditions of 250 DEG C
It 4h, then will be heat-treated 11h again under the conditions of 320 DEG C, and obtain aluminium alloy conductor core.Wherein, aluminium alloy conductor core can
It is made up of the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament bundle strand that 10-2000 root diameters are respectively 0.2-0.5mm, it is true according to the specification of aluminium alloy cable
Determine the diameter and quantity of aluminium alloy conductor monofilament.
Wherein, in step a, al alloy component, which adds form, to be：Be proportionally added into Al ingots, Al-Fe ingots, Al-Cu ingots,
Al-Mg ingots, Al-Zr ingots, Al-RE ingots, or add pure metal ingot.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, obtained aluminium alloy
Resistivity is 0.027719 Ω mm2/ m, 62.2%IACS conductance, elongation at break 12%, 120 DEG C of temperature,
Under the conditions of 120MPa compression, the average creep speed of 1-100 hours is 0.97 × 10-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times
Reach 32, and filament diameter most I moves 0.2mm to.
Colliery aluminium alloy is made by extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or armouring in above-mentioned aluminium alloy conductor core
Cable.
Wherein, aluminium alloy cable includes cable core and the external sheath layer that is arranged on outside cable core, cable core by power major insulation core,
Ground connection core, control conductor are twisted, and power major insulation core, ground connection core, control conductor are respectively aluminium alloy conductor
Core.
The material of above-mentioned external sheath layer is preferably polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamides
One kind in amine, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex, polypropylene, by selecting the material of external sheath layer, it is wear-resisting to increase cable
Property, adapt it to the characteristics of coal mine cable frequently moves.
The cable has a wide range of application, especially suitable for rated voltage 8.7/ available under -40 DEG C of -90 DEG C of environment in mine
10kV and following flexible rubber-sheathed flexible cables for use in mines.By test, can reach not less than phase in 90 DEG C of longtime running current-carrying capacities
With the 80% of section copper cable；And not short-circuit, not breaking after 9000 counter-bending tests of the aluminum alloy cable for coal mines, the present invention
9000 counter-bending tests test method as defined in MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 8
A kind of following (the gross weight of the percentage by weight of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, component and each component：1T)：
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling mill practice, obtained aluminium alloy
Resistivity is 0.028264 Ω mm2/ m, 61%IACS conductance, elongation at break 14%, 120 DEG C of temperature, 120MPa
Under the conditions of compression, the average creep speed of 1-100 hours is 0.95 × 10-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 30,
And filament diameter most I moves 0.2mm to.
Aluminium alloy cable is processed by following processing technology and is made：
A, by above-mentioned aluminium alloy by melting, casting, rolling aluminium alloy rod；
B, the aluminium alloy rod that step a is obtained is obtained into aluminium alloy conductor core by drawing, bundle strand, sofening treatment；
C, aluminium alloy electric is made by extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or armouring in the conductor thread core for obtaining step b
Cable.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy conductor core can be respectively that 0.2-0.5mm filament tow is stranding into by 10-2000 root diameters, and single
Silk is obtained by the aluminium alloy rod by drawing.The diameter of aluminium alloy conductor monofilament is determined with specific reference to the specification of aluminium alloy cable
And quantity.
Wherein, aluminium alloy cable includes cable core and the external sheath layer that is arranged on outside cable core, cable core by power major insulation core,
Ground connection core, control conductor are twisted, and power major insulation core, ground connection core, control conductor are respectively aluminium alloy conductor
Core.
The material of above-mentioned external sheath layer is preferably polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymer, polyamides
One kind in amine, fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), haloflex, polypropylene, by selecting the material of external sheath layer, it is wear-resisting to increase cable
Property, adapt it to the characteristics of coal mine cable frequently moves.
The cable has a wide range of application, especially suitable for rated voltage 8.7/ available under -40 DEG C of -90 DEG C of environment in mine
10kV and following flexible rubber-sheathed flexible cables for use in mines.By test, can reach not less than phase in 90 DEG C of longtime running current-carrying capacities
With the 80% of section copper cable；And not short-circuit, not breaking after 9000 counter-bending tests of the aluminum alloy cable for coal mines, the present invention
9000 counter-bending tests test method as defined in MT818.1 is carried out.
The aluminium alloy capability parameter comparison that embodiment 1~8 is prepared is as shown in the table：
The aluminium alloy capability parameter list of table 1
From table 1 it follows that the resistivity of aluminium alloy is less than or equal to 0.028264 Ω mm2/ m, electrical conductivity be more than etc.
In 61%IACS, elongation at break is more than or equal to 10%, and under the conditions of 120 DEG C of temperature, 120MPa compression, 1-100 hours put down
Equal creep speed is less than or equal to 1 × 10-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times.Zr and Al forms ZrAl3Change
Compound, recrystallization process can be hindered, refine recrystal grain；Further, because Mg and Si act on forming MgSi hardening constituents, improve
Recrystallization temperature and change ag(e)ing behavio(u)r, the recrystal grain of product is further refined, thus embodiment 3 due to Zr and
Mg comparision contents are high, so elongation at break is higher；Rare earth element can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy；Therefore embodiment
Conductance in 6 is higher.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, all protection models in the present invention
Interior made any modification, equivalent substitution etc. are enclosed, should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of aluminum alloy cable for coal mines, it is characterised in that the processing technology of the aluminium alloy cable comprises the following steps：
A, by aluminium alloy by melting, casting, rolling aluminium alloy rod；
B, in the range of 280-300 DEG C, the rod of metal alloy that step a is rolled into carries out drawing processing, makes reduced cross-sectional area to step a
The 50-60% of middle cross-sectional area, obtains aluminium alloy wire；In the case where forming the temperature conditionss of aluminium alloy core, by aluminium alloy wire again
It is secondary to carry out drawing processing, reduced cross-sectional area is obtained aluminium alloy conductor monofilament to the 70-100% of aluminium alloy wire sectional area；If will
The aluminium alloy conductor monofilament that dry root obtains is twisted, and heat treatment 3-6h for the first time is carried out under the conditions of 230-320 DEG C, then in 300-
8-14h will be heat-treated under the conditions of 400 DEG C again, obtains aluminium alloy conductor core；
C, aluminium alloy cable is made by extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or armouring in the conductor thread core for obtaining step b；
Wherein, the component and the percentage by weight of each component that the aluminium alloy includes are as follows：
Fe：0.2-1.1%；
Cu：0.01-0.4%；
Mg：0.01-0.4%；
Zr：0.001-0.2%；
Si：0-0.1%；
B：0-0.2%；
Surplus is Al and impurity；
The resistivity of the aluminium alloy is less than or equal to 0.028264 Ω mm2/ m, electrical conductivity are more than or equal to 61%IACS, and fracture is stretched
Long rate is not less than 10%, and 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times.
2. aluminum alloy cable for coal mines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy conductor core is by 10-
2000 diameters are respectively that 0.2-0.5mm filament tow is stranding into, and the monofilament is obtained by the aluminium alloy rod by drawing.
3. aluminum alloy cable for coal mines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy cable is applied to -40
DEG C -90 DEG C of Minepit environment.
4. aluminum alloy cable for coal mines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy cable is applied to specified
Voltage 8.7/10kV and level below flexible rubber-sheathed flexible cables for use in mines.
5. aluminum alloy cable for coal mines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy cable is long-term at 90 DEG C
Under running situation, current-carrying capacity is not less than the 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable.
6. aluminum alloy cable for coal mines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy cable passes through 9000 times
It is not short-circuit after counter-bending test, not breaking.
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