CN104294093A - Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminum alloy for cables for coal mines, aluminum alloy cable and preparation method of alloy cable - Google Patents
Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminum alloy for cables for coal mines, aluminum alloy cable and preparation method of alloy cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminum alloy for cables for coal mines, which comprises 0.2-1.1% of Fe, 0.01-0.4% of Cu, 0.01-0.4% of Mg, 0-0.1% of Si, 0-0.2% of B, and the balance of Al and impurities, wherein the electrical resistivity of the aluminum alloy is not greater than 0.028264 Omega.mm<2>/m, the elongation at break is not less than 10%, and the number of times of 90-degree fatigue bending is greater than or equal to 30. An aluminum alloy cable is prepared by the steps of melting, casting and rolling the aluminum alloy material so as to obtain an aluminum alloy rod, carrying out drawing, bunch-stranding and softening on the aluminum alloy rod so as to obtain an aluminum alloy cable core, and carrying out extruded insulation, cabling, extruded sheathing or armoring on the cable core; and the prepared aluminum alloy cable has the characteristics of high strength, high electric conductivity, good bending performance and the like, and can satisfy the requirements on the properties of cables in the field of coal mines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mine cable technical field, be specifically related to a kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg line aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy cable.
Background technology
Coal Electricity cable due to circumstance complication, the working conditions used severe and mobile frequent, work-ing life is not long, the region of methane accumulation is very dangerous again, therefore not only very high to the security requirement of cable own, and very high to the wear resistance of frequent shifting field all-in-one cable, anti-external tensile force performance requriements.Therefore, Coal Electricity cable belongs to the higher product of technology content in cable industry.
Common cable adopts copper conductor, along with the overexploitation to copper resource, and copper resource growing tension, and be on the verge of scarcity, therefore need the wire using other materials to replace copper conductor, the demand in market could be met.In metallic substance, aluminium has that conductive effect is good, light weight, the characteristic such as cheap, and in recent years, for the reinforcement of environmental consciousness, strongly needs weight reduction to improve machine fuel utilization ratio, therefore, replaces copper core cable to be trend of the times with aluminium cable.In prior art, develop aluminium cable, but the defect such as common aluminium cable exists mechanical property and corrosion resistance is poor, do not possess the good bending property meeting the frequent movement of Coal Electricity cable; And according to the severe environment of Coal Electricity cable, have higher requirement to the electric conductivity of cable conductor and physical strength, and the electric conductivity of existing common aluminium cable and mechanical strength properties can not meet the requirement of Coal Electricity cable.Therefore, develop and a kind ofly can meet the aluminium alloy cable of service requirements in coal mining there are very wide market outlook.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy cable, this aluminium alloy has the characteristics such as high strength, high conductivity, bending property be good, and the aluminium alloy cable be made up of this aluminium alloy can meet the requirement to cable performance in field, colliery.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, it is characterized in that, each composition of aluminium alloy and weight percent are respectively:
Fe content is 0.2 ~ 1.1%;
Cu content is 0.01 ~ 0.4%;
Mg content is 0.01 ~ 0.4%;
Two kinds or two in the composition that what content was 0.001 ~ 0.3% be selected from Zr, Mn, Cr and Ag forms
More than kind;
Si content is 0 ~ 0.1%;
B content is 0 ~ 0.2%;
All the other are Al and impurity,
Wherein aluminium alloy resistivity is not more than 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is not less than 10%, and 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times.
Further, also comprise rare earth element in described aluminium alloy, the content of described rare earth element accounts for the 0.1-0.3% of aluminium alloy weight.
Further, described rare earth element comprises Ce, La, and the weight of described Ce and La accounts at least 50% of rare earth element gross weight.
Further, described aluminium alloy under temperature 120 DEG C, stress 120MPa condition, the average creep speed of 1 ~ 100 hour is for being less than or equal to 1 × 10
-2(%/h).
A making method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, the complete processing of aluminium alloy cable comprises the steps:
A, by aluminum alloy melts to any one of claim 1-4, carry out casting again and obtain cast material: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, melting technology is carried out under 700 DEG C or more temperature condition, then cast under 680 DEG C or following temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting solution treatment 2-6h within the scope of 460-550 DEG C that step a is obtained, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 20-100 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 6-10h within the scope of 150-250 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to more than 300 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to the 50-60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes the 70-100% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, carry out first time thermal treatment 3-6h under 230-320 DEG C of condition, then under 300-400 DEG C of condition, incite somebody to action thermal treatment 8-14h again, obtain the core of aluminium alloy;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
A kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, it is characterized in that, the core of this aluminium alloy cable is made up of the aluminium alloy of any one of claim 1-4, and this aluminium alloy cable comprises by the stranded cable core of power wire core, ground connection core, control conductor three kinds of cores, be provided with between core and fill out sandwich layer, cable core is outside equipped with external sheath layer.
Further, described insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Further, described core is 10 ~ 2000 by quantity, and diameter is that 0.2mm ~ 0.5mm filament tow strand forms, and described monofilament is made up of described aluminium alloy.
Further, the not short circuit after 9000 counter-bending tests of described aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, and in 90 DEG C of long-time running situations, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable.
Further, described aluminium alloy cable is applicable to the coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable of voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following grade.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, is optimized the element of aluminium alloy, thus improves the performance of this aluminium alloy.Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, select Al-Fe-Cu-Mg series, by adding Fe element, can improve physical strength and the tensile property of alloy, Fe can also significantly improve high-temperature creep resistance, and carries heavy alloyed anti-fatigue performance; Copper is important alloying element, has certain solid solution strengthening effect, in addition the CuAl of Precipitation
2there is obvious ageing strengthening effect.Adding of Cu can carry heavy alloyed intensity and high temperature creep property, and can improve anti-fatigue performance; A small amount of Mg refinement cast structure is added in aluminium alloy, form MgSi strengthening phase improve recrystallization temperature and change ag(e)ing behavio(u)r, make the recrystal grain of goods fined, intensity, toughness are improved, plasticity, solidity to corrosion improve, and improve yield strength and the unit elongation of aluminium alloy, avoid the reprocessing of alloy product, enhance productivity, reduce production cost.Zirconium and aluminium form ZrAl
3compound, can hinder recrystallization process, refinement recrystal grain, because zirconium is on little than chromium and manganese of the impact of quenching sensitive, therefore should replace chromium and manganese refinement recrystallized structure with zirconium, Zr also can the antifatigue bending property of remarkable modified alloy, improves the work-ing life of cable.Ag adds the formation that can promote the excessive phase of timeliness, improve alloy aging hardening characteristics, alloy mechanical property is made to obtain larger raising, simultaneously also can antifatigue bending property, the heat-resisting and acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting of remarkable modified alloy, strict job requirement can be born, although the membership that adds of Ag makes electric conductivity slightly reduce, but Trace Ag can improve the many-sided performance of cable simultaneously, thus improve the work-ing life of mine cable, if add rare earth element in silver, performance is just more excellent.Chromium forms (CrFe) Al in aluminium
7intermetallic compound, hinder the nucleation and growth process of recrystallize, thus the superfine alloy of less thick smart ring can be obtained, alloy mechanical property is made to obtain larger raising, the particularly unit elongation of alloy, alloy ductility can also be improved and reduce stress corrosion opening cracking maleate sensitivity, the antifatigue bending property of remarkable modified alloy, improving the work-ing life of cable.Appropriate chromium is to offset the disadvantageous effect of copper to corrosion stability.But the membership that adds of excessive Cr increases quenching sensitive, make anode oxide film be yellow, therefore the control of Cr of the present invention is within 0.01 ~ 0.4wt%.
This aluminum alloy materials adds change erosion resistance with Mn element, and can effectively reduce thermal conductivity and the specific heat capacity of aluminium alloy, thus reduces the thermal expansivity of aluminium alloy, improves switching performance and the safety performance of aluminium alloy cable.Mn can stop the recrystallization process of aluminium alloy, improves recrystallization temperature, and can remarkable refinement recrystal grain.The refinement of recrystal grain mainly passes through MnAl
6compound disperses particle have been grown up inhibition to recrystal grain.Simultaneously Mn element can also good shielding impurity Si, reduces the deleterious effect of Si, plays alloying action simultaneously with rare earth, can the antifatigue bending property of remarkable modified alloy, the work-ing life of raising cable.
Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, the content of the present invention to Si has done restriction, is because too much Si can cause tensile property to reduce, has influence on the processing characteristics of cable, and the tired bending property of conductor may be reduced, and too much Si also can reduce electrical property.The present invention also preferably adds a certain amount of B, can improve processing characteristics, particularly the micro-processing characteristics of drawing and restrainting strand aspect of monofilament.Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, by using appropriate B as al alloy component, both can improve the performance of alloy, can not can worsen performance, particularly electrical property and the extension property of alloy because of too much amount again.Aluminum alloy materials provided by the invention, ensures the performance of alloy by rational alloying constituent proportioning.
Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, also preferably add a certain amount of rare earth element (Rare Earth, be called for short RE), wherein Ce, La account at least 50% of rare earth element total content, rare earth element not only can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, high Alloy At Room Temperature intensity, high-temperature capability and fluidity of molten, can also play the effect improving the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extend the work-ing life of cable.Preferred Ce and La, be because these two kinds of elements in the present invention effect to improve effect compared with other rare earth elements more obvious.
Colliery provided by the invention aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is less than or equal to 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, specific conductivity is more than or equal to 61%IACS, elongation at break is not less than 10%, under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is less than or equal to 1 × 10-2 (%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
2, colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy cable, be made up of aluminium alloy provided by the invention, the colliery aluminium alloy cable obtained not only has the technical requirements that good conductivity, tensile property, creep-resistant property and anti-fatigue performance, particularly bending resistance also reach colliery copper core; Meanwhile, colliery aluminium alloy cable due to snappiness good, and weight comparatively copper is gently a lot, thus more convenient to use as coal mine soft cable, effectively reduce the cost of Coal Electricity cable, improve working efficiency, there is very good technical economic benefit.Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy cable, be applicable to coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable, voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal rubber-sheathed flexible cable for mine, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And the not short circuit after 9000 counter-bending tests of colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, wherein, the test method that 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, the weight percent following (gross weight: 1T) of component and each component:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La and Pr, and wherein, the content of Ce and La accounts for 50%, Zr of rare earth element total content and the weight ratio 1:1 of Mn.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 700 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 650 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 4h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 30 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 7h within the scope of 150 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to 350 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 80% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 3h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 350 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 8h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy core, in casting step, heating should be slow, when adding multiple alloy pig again, should shove charge below 300 DEG C, to ensure foundry goods homogeneous heating, (fusing point close to eutectic) makes alloying element and second-phase be dissolved in matrix by the solid appearance thermal treatment of long period at as high temperature as possible, due to incorporating of trace alloying element (B, Si, RE), matrix is made to become sub-saturated state, can significantly put forward heavy alloyed intensity and plasticity by solid appearance process, improve the corrosion resistance nature of alloy; Tensile property and snappiness that (immersing heat-eliminating medium the time completely no more than 15s, to make foundry goods uniform quenching from foundry goods foundry goods of slinging) improves foundry goods is cooled fast after solid solution; In the timeliness initial stage, matrix saturation ratio is very large, the hardness of foundry goods can significantly improve, and along with the increase of aging time, the concentration between matrix and precipitate reaches balance, now precipitate precipitation starts slack-off, now through shorter soaking time, can grain growing be suppressed, thus obtain the aluminium alloy of less thick essence, obtain the intensity that excellent mechanical property is namely higher thus, good plasticity and toughness; In step f, twice annealing process can the internal stress of aluminium alloy stranded conductor to greatest extent, and the electric property of stable alloy line, stable dimensions reduces distortion, greatly improves stretchiness and the bendability of alloy wire.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027808 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62%IACS, elongation at break is 14%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.91 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 35, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 2:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La and Er, and wherein, the weight ratio that the content of Ce and La accounts for 60%, Zr and Cr of rare earth element total content is 1:1.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 800 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 680 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 460 DEG C of solution treatment 6h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 20 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 6h within the scope of 250 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to 400 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 280 DEG C of temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 50% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 70% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 6h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 350 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 14h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027719 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62.2%IACS, elongation at break is 15%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.917 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 36, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer material adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 3:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE is Ce, La, Zr and Ag weight ratio is 1:1.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 750 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 650 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 550 DEG C of solution treatment 2h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 100 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 10h within the scope of 200 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to 300 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C of temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 56% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 95% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 3h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 400 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 8h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.028034 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 61.5%IACS, elongation at break is 12%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.917 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 36, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 4
Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La, Pr and Er, and wherein, the weight ratio that the content of Ce and La accounts for 70%, Mn and Cr of rare earth element total content is 1:1.
Adopt parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027808 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62%IACS, elongation at break is 15%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.91 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 34, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to, compare embodiment 1 due to Zr and replace to Cr, the reduction of Zr content causes 90 degree of tired bending number of times slightly to reduce, but the elongation at break that the content of Cr increases aluminium alloy increases.But the membership that adds of excessive Cr increases quenching sensitive, make anode oxide film be yellow, therefore the control of Cr of the present invention is within 0.01 ~ 0.4wt%, is the colliery service requirements in order to ensure cable, ensures again the resonable degree manufactured.
Embodiment 5
Wherein, rare earth elements RE is Ce, La, and the weight ratio of Mn and Ag is 1:1.
Adopt parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.028172 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 61.2%IACS, elongation at break is 16%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.93 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 34, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to, testing data compares aluminium alloy resistivity with the parameter of embodiment 1 rises at claimed range, electric conductivity reduces, but overall performance Ag being substituted Zr cable promotes, and is embodied in antifatigue bending property aspect and slightly reduces, therefore Zr also can the antifatigue bending property of remarkable modified alloy, improves the work-ing life of cable.But the membership that adds of Ag makes electric conductivity slightly reduce, but Trace Ag can improve the many-sided performance of cable simultaneously, thus improves the work-ing life of mine cable.
Embodiment 6
Wherein, rare earth elements RE is Ce, La, and the weight ratio of Cr and Ag is 1:1.
Adopt parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, system aluminium alloy cable still meet the requirement of colliery aluminium alloy cable.Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.028080 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 61.4%IACS, elongation at break is 16%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.92 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 34, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to, Mn element can also good shielding impurity Si, reduces the deleterious effect of Si, play alloying action with rare earth simultaneously, can the antifatigue bending property of remarkable modified alloy, the antifatigue bending property aspect being embodied in alloy work-ing life improving cable slightly reduces, elongation at break, Cr can carry the unit elongation of heavy alloyed antifatigue bending property and alloy, improves the work-ing life of cable.But the membership that adds of excessive Cr increases quenching sensitive, make anode oxide film be yellow, therefore the control of Cr of the present invention is within 0.01 ~ 0.4wt%, is the colliery service requirements in order to ensure cable, ensures again the resonable degree manufactured.
Embodiment 7:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La and Pr, and wherein, the content of Ce and La accounts for 50%, Zr of rare earth element total content, the weight ratio of Mn, Cr and Ag is 1:1:1:1.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 770 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 670 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 2h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 60 DEG C;
C, the ingot casting that obtained by step b at 250 DEG C of ageing treatment 10h, then are warming up to 350 DEG C and are rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C of temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 70% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 5h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 400 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 10h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027898 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 61.8%IACS, elongation at break is 13%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.92 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 33, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 8:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La and Pr, and wherein, the content of Ce and La accounts for 50% of rare earth element total content, and adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 770 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 670 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 2h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 60 DEG C;
C, the ingot casting that obtained by step b at 250 DEG C of ageing treatment 10h, then are warming up to 350 DEG C and are rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C of temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 70% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 5h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 400 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 10h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027808 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62%IACS, elongation at break is 13%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.93 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 33, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 9:
A kind of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, the weight percent following (gross weight: 1T) of component and each component:
The weight ratio 1:1 of Zr and Mn.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable A0l-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 700 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 650 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 4h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 30 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 7h within the scope of 150 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to 350 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 80% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 3h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 350 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 8h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 9
Adopt the parameter in embodiment 7, Zr, Mn, Cr and Ag are changed into Zr, Mn, Cr of equivalent equal proportion, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027808 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62%IACS, elongation at break is 13%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.92 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 33, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
Embodiment 10
Adopt the parameter in embodiment 7, Zr, Mn, Cr and Ag are changed into Zr, Mn, Ag of equivalent equal proportion, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027898 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 61.8%IACS, elongation at break is 13%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.92 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 32.
Embodiment 11
Adopt the parameter in embodiment 7, Zr, Mn, Cr and Ag are changed into Mn, Cr, Ag of equivalent equal proportion, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027898 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 61.8%IACS, elongation at break is 13%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.92 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 32.
Embodiment 12
Adopt the parameter in embodiment 7, Zr, Mn, Cr and Ag are changed into Zr, Cr, Ag of equivalent equal proportion, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027808 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62%IACS, elongation at break is 13%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.92 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 33
Therefore above-mentioned every embodiment compared with control is at the composition parameter of claimed range, actual production and the user demand of colliery alloy cable can be met, use for Si, B effectively can strengthen the processing characteristics and energy against corrosion etc. of alloy, therefore little to the change of actual test parameter, meet the requirement that the conductivity of the alloy of the application's parameter, tensile property, creep-resistant property and anti-fatigue performance etc. can meet existing colliery copper core cable.And more existing colliery copper cash phase specific mass is gently a lot, effectively reduces cable cost, improves working efficiency and economic benefit.In the application, Zr, Mn, Cr and Ag can choose arbitrarily wherein two kinds or two or more combination, can learn owing to not forming any effect mutually between individual element from embodiment, its portfolio ratio does not limit, as long as limit its content, its aluminium alloy cable obtained all meets the requirement of Coal Electricity cable.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments, equivalent replacement etc. done in protection scope of the present invention, all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, is characterized in that, each composition of aluminium alloy and weight percent are respectively:
Fe content is 0.2 ~ 1.1%;
Cu content is 0.01 ~ 0.4%;
Mg content is 0.01 ~ 0.4%;
Si content is 0 ~ 0.1%;
B content is 0 ~ 0.2%;
All the other are Al and impurity,
Wherein aluminium alloy resistivity is not more than 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is not less than 10%, and 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times.
2. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, two or more in this aluminium alloy also comprises weight percent content composition that to be 0.001 ~ 0.3% be selected from Zr, Mn, Cr and Ag form.
3. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise rare earth element in described aluminium alloy, the content of described rare earth element accounts for the 0.1-0.3% of aluminium alloy weight.
4. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described rare earth element comprises Ce, La, and the weight of described Ce and La accounts at least 50% of rare earth element gross weight.
5. the Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy of the coal mine cable as described in any one of Claims 1-4, is characterized in that, described aluminium alloy under temperature 120 DEG C, stress 120MPa condition, the average creep speed of 1 ~ 100 hour is for being less than or equal to 1 × 10
-2(%/h).
6. a coal mine cable making method for Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, is characterized in that, the complete processing of aluminium alloy cable comprises the steps:
A, by aluminum alloy melts to any one of claim 1-5, carry out casting again and obtain cast material: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, melting technology is carried out under 700 DEG C or more temperature condition, then cast under 680 DEG C or following temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting solution treatment 2-6h within the scope of 460-550 DEG C that step a is obtained, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 20-100 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 6-10h within the scope of 150-250 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to more than 300 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to the 50-60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes the 70-100% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, carry out first time thermal treatment 3-6h under 230-320 DEG C of condition, then under 300-400 DEG C of condition, incite somebody to action thermal treatment 8-14h again, obtain the core of aluminium alloy;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
7. a coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable, it is characterized in that, the core of this aluminium alloy cable is made up of the aluminium alloy of any one of claim 1-4, and this aluminium alloy cable comprises by the stranded cable core of power wire core, ground connection core, control conductor three kinds of cores, be provided with between core and fill out sandwich layer, cable core is outside equipped with external sheath layer.
8. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
9. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described core is 10 ~ 2000 by quantity, and diameter is that 0.2mm ~ 0.5mm filament tow strand forms, and described monofilament is made up of described aluminium alloy.
10. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy cable as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the not short circuit after 9000 counter-bending tests of described aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, and in 90 DEG C of long-time running situations, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable, and described aluminium alloy cable is applicable to the coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable of voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following grade.
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