CN104294120A - Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminum alloy for coal mine cable as well as aluminum alloy cable and preparation method of aluminum alloy cable - Google Patents
Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminum alloy for coal mine cable as well as aluminum alloy cable and preparation method of aluminum alloy cable Download PDFInfo
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- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminum alloy for a coal mine cable. The aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2-1.1% of Fe, 0.01-0.4% of Cu, 0.001-0.1% of Ag, 0-0.1% of Si, 0-0.2% of B and the balance of Al and impurities, wherein the resistivity of the aluminum alloy is not greater than 0.028264ohm.mm<2>/m, the elongation at break is not less than 10% and the number of the 90-degree fatigue bending is greater than or equal to 30 times. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy cable comprises the following steps: melting the aluminum alloy material, casting and rolling to obtain aluminum alloy rods; then drawing, stranding bunch and softening to obtain aluminum alloy cores; and then carrying out extruded insulation, forming cables and carrying out extruded sheath or armouring to obtain the aluminum alloy cable. The prepared aluminum alloy cable has the characteristics of high strength, high conductivity rate, good bending performance and the like and can meet the requirement on the performance of the cable in the field of coal mine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mine cable technical field, be specifically related to a kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag line aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy cable.
Background technology
Coal Electricity cable due to circumstance complication, the working conditions used severe and mobile frequent, work-ing life is not long, the region of methane accumulation is very dangerous again, therefore not only very high to the security requirement of cable own, and very high to the wear resistance of frequent shifting field all-in-one cable, anti-external tensile force performance requriements.Therefore, Coal Electricity cable belongs to the higher product of technology content in cable industry.
Common cable adopts copper conductor, along with the overexploitation to copper resource, and copper resource growing tension, and be on the verge of scarcity, therefore need the wire using other materials to replace copper conductor, the demand in market could be met.In metallic substance, aluminium has that conductive effect is good, light weight, the characteristic such as cheap, and in recent years, for the reinforcement of environmental consciousness, strongly needs weight reduction to improve machine fuel utilization ratio, therefore, replaces copper core cable to be trend of the times with aluminium cable.In prior art, develop aluminium cable, but the defect such as common aluminium cable exists mechanical property and corrosion resistance is poor, do not possess the good bending property meeting the frequent movement of Coal Electricity cable; And according to the severe environment of Coal Electricity cable, have higher requirement to the electric conductivity of cable conductor and physical strength, and the electric conductivity of existing common aluminium cable and mechanical strength properties can not meet the requirement of Coal Electricity cable.Therefore, develop and a kind ofly can meet the aluminium alloy cable of service requirements in coal mining there are very wide market outlook.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy cable, this aluminium alloy has the characteristics such as high strength, high conductivity, bending property be good, and the aluminium alloy cable be made up of this aluminium alloy can meet the requirement to cable performance in field, colliery.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy, each composition and weight percent are respectively:
Fe content is 0.2 ~ 1.1%;
Cu content is 0.01 ~ 0.4%;
Ag content is 0.001 ~ 0.1%;
Si content is 0 ~ 0.1%;
B content is 0 ~ 0.2%;
All the other are Al and impurity,
Wherein aluminium alloy resistivity is not more than 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is not less than 10%, and 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times.
Further, also comprise rare earth element in described aluminium alloy, the content of described rare earth element accounts for the 0.1-0.3% of aluminium alloy weight.
Further, described rare earth element comprises Ce, La, and the weight of described Ce and La accounts at least 50% of rare earth element gross weight.
Further, described aluminium alloy under temperature 120 DEG C, stress 120MPa condition, the average creep speed of 1 ~ 100 hour is for being less than or equal to 1 × 10
-2(%/h).
A making method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, the complete processing of aluminium alloy cable comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, melting technology is carried out under 700 DEG C or more temperature condition, then cast under 680 DEG C or following temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting solution treatment 2-6h within the scope of 460-550 DEG C that step a is obtained, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 20-100 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 6-10h within the scope of 150-250 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to more than 300 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to the 50-60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes the 70-100% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, carry out first time thermal treatment 3-6h under 230-320 DEG C of condition, then under 300-400 DEG C of condition, incite somebody to action thermal treatment 8-14h again, obtain the core of aluminium alloy;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
A kind of coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, the core of this aluminium alloy cable is made up of above-mentioned aluminium alloy, and this aluminium alloy cable comprises by power wire core, monitors the cable core that core, control conductor three kinds of cores are stranded, be provided with between core and fill out sandwich layer, cable core is outside equipped with external sheath layer.
Further, described core is 10 ~ 2000 by quantity, and diameter is that 0.2mm ~ 0.5mm filament tow strand forms, and described monofilament is made up of described aluminium alloy.
Further, described cable core comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.
Further, described insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Further, the not short circuit after 9000 counter-bending tests of described aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, and in 90 DEG C of long-time running situations, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable.
Further, described aluminium alloy cable is applicable to the coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable of voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following grade.
Aluminium alloy of the present invention and aluminium alloy cable have following advantage:
1, colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, is optimized the element of aluminium alloy, thus improves the performance of this aluminium alloy.Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, select Al-Fe-Cu-Ag series, by adding Fe element, can improve physical strength and the tensile property of alloy, Fe can also significantly improve high-temperature creep resistance, and carries heavy alloyed anti-fatigue performance; Copper is important alloying element, has certain solid solution strengthening effect, in addition the CuAl of Precipitation
2have obvious ageing strengthening effect, adding of Cu can carry heavy alloyed intensity and high temperature creep property, and can improve anti-fatigue performance; Ag adds the formation that can promote the excessive phase of timeliness, improve alloy aging hardening characteristics, alloy mechanical property is made to obtain larger raising, simultaneously also can antifatigue bending property, the heat-resisting and acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting of remarkable modified alloy, strict job requirement can be born, although the membership that adds of Ag makes electric conductivity slightly reduce, but Trace Ag can improve the many-sided performance of cable simultaneously, thus improve the work-ing life of mine cable, if add rare earth element in silver, performance is just more excellent.
Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, the content of the present invention to Si has done restriction, is because too much Si can cause tensile property to reduce, has influence on the processing characteristics of cable, and the tired bending property of conductor may be reduced, and too much Si also can reduce electrical property.The present invention also preferably adds a certain amount of B, can improve processing characteristics, particularly the micro-processing characteristics of drawing and restrainting strand aspect of monofilament.Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, by using appropriate B as al alloy component, both can improve the performance of alloy, can not can worsen performance, particularly electrical property and the extension property of alloy because of too much amount again.Aluminum alloy materials provided by the invention, ensures the performance of alloy by rational alloying constituent proportioning.
Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy, also preferably add a certain amount of rare earth element (Rare Earth, be called for short RE), wherein Ce, La account at least 50% of rare earth element total content, rare earth element not only can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, high Alloy At Room Temperature intensity, high-temperature capability and fluidity of molten, can also play the effect improving the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extend the work-ing life of cable.Preferred Ce and La, be because these two kinds of elements in the present invention effect to improve effect compared with other rare earth elements more obvious.
Colliery provided by the invention aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is less than or equal to 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, specific conductivity is more than or equal to 61%IACS, and elongation at break is not less than 10%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is less than or equal to 1 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
2, colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy cable, be made up of aluminium alloy provided by the invention, the colliery aluminium alloy cable obtained not only has the technical requirements that good conductivity, tensile property, creep-resistant property and anti-fatigue performance, particularly bending resistance also reach colliery copper core; Meanwhile, colliery aluminium alloy cable due to snappiness good, and weight comparatively copper is gently a lot, thus more convenient to use as coal mine soft cable, effectively reduce the cost of Coal Electricity cable, improve working efficiency, there is very good technical economic benefit.Colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy cable, be applicable to coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable, voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal rubber-sheathed flexible cable for mine, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And the not short circuit after 9000 counter-bending tests of colliery provided by the invention aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, wherein, the test method that 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, the weight percent following (gross weight: 1T) of component and each component:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La and Er, and wherein the content of Ce and La accounts for 60% of rare earth element total content.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 700 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 650 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 4h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 30 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 7h within the scope of 150 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to 350 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 80% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 3h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 350 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 8h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy core, in casting step, heating should be slow, when adding multiple alloy pig again, should shove charge below 300 DEG C, to ensure foundry goods homogeneous heating, (fusing point close to eutectic) makes alloying element and second-phase be dissolved in matrix by the solid appearance thermal treatment of long period at as high temperature as possible, due to incorporating of trace alloying element (B, Si, RE), matrix is made to become sub-saturated state, can significantly put forward heavy alloyed intensity and plasticity by solid appearance process, improve the corrosion resistance nature of alloy; Tensile property and snappiness that (immersing heat-eliminating medium the time completely no more than 15s, to make foundry goods uniform quenching from foundry goods foundry goods of slinging) improves foundry goods is cooled fast after solid solution; In the timeliness initial stage, matrix saturation ratio is very large, the hardness of foundry goods can significantly improve, and along with the increase of aging time, the concentration between matrix and precipitate reaches balance, now precipitate precipitation starts slack-off, now through shorter soaking time, can grain growing be suppressed, thus obtain the aluminium alloy of less thick essence, obtain the intensity that excellent mechanical property is namely higher thus, good plasticity and toughness; In step f, twice annealing process can the internal stress of aluminium alloy stranded conductor to greatest extent, and the electric property of stable alloy line, stable dimensions reduces distortion, greatly improves stretchiness and the bendability of alloy wire.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027808 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62%IACS, elongation at break is 14%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.94 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 34, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 2:
Rare earth element not only can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, can also play the effect improving the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extend the work-ing life of cable.Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La and Pr, and wherein, the content of Ce and La accounts for 50% of rare earth element total content.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 800 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 680 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 460 DEG C of solution treatment 6h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 20 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 6h within the scope of 250 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to 400 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 280 DEG C of temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 50% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 70% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 6h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 350 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 14h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy core, in casting step, heating should be slow, when adding multiple alloy pig again, should shove charge below 300 DEG C, to ensure foundry goods homogeneous heating, (fusing point close to eutectic) makes alloying element and second-phase be dissolved in matrix by the solid appearance thermal treatment of long period at as high temperature as possible, due to incorporating of trace alloying element, matrix is made to become sub-saturated state, can significantly put forward heavy alloyed intensity and plasticity by solid appearance process, improve the corrosion resistance nature of alloy; Tensile property and snappiness that (immersing heat-eliminating medium the time completely no more than 15s, to make foundry goods uniform quenching from foundry goods foundry goods of slinging) improves foundry goods is cooled fast after solid solution; In the timeliness initial stage, matrix saturation ratio is very large, the hardness of foundry goods can significantly improve, and along with the increase of aging time, the concentration between matrix and precipitate reaches balance, now precipitate precipitation starts slack-off, now through shorter soaking time, can grain growing be suppressed, thus obtain the aluminium alloy of less thick essence, obtain the intensity that excellent mechanical property is namely higher thus, good plasticity and toughness; In step f, twice annealing process can the internal stress of aluminium alloy stranded conductor to greatest extent, and the electric property of stable alloy line, stable dimensions reduces distortion, greatly improves stretchiness and the bendability of alloy wire.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027898 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 61.8%IACS, elongation at break is 11%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.95 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 36, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer material adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 3:
Wherein rare earth elements RE comprises Ce and La, and wherein, the content of Ce and La accounts for 50% of rare earth element total content.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 750 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 650 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 550 DEG C of solution treatment 2h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 100 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 10h within the scope of 200 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to 300 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C of temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 56% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 95% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 3h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 400 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 8h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy core, in casting step, heating should be slow, when adding multiple alloy pig again, should shove charge below 300 DEG C, to ensure foundry goods homogeneous heating, (fusing point close to eutectic) makes alloying element and second-phase be dissolved in matrix by the solid appearance thermal treatment of long period at as high temperature as possible, due to incorporating of trace alloying element, matrix is made to become sub-saturated state, can significantly put forward heavy alloyed intensity and plasticity by solid appearance process, improve the corrosion resistance nature of alloy; Tensile property and snappiness that (immersing heat-eliminating medium the time completely no more than 15s, to make foundry goods uniform quenching from foundry goods foundry goods of slinging) improves foundry goods is cooled fast after solid solution; In the timeliness initial stage, matrix saturation ratio is very large, the hardness of foundry goods can significantly improve, and along with the increase of aging time, the concentration between matrix and precipitate reaches balance, now precipitate precipitation starts slack-off, now through shorter soaking time, can grain growing be suppressed, thus obtain the aluminium alloy of less thick essence, obtain the intensity that excellent mechanical property is namely higher thus, good plasticity and toughness; In step f, twice annealing process can the internal stress of aluminium alloy stranded conductor to greatest extent, and the electric property of stable alloy line, stable dimensions reduces distortion, greatly improves stretchiness and the bendability of alloy wire.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027719 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62.2%IACS, elongation at break is 16%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.91 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 31, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 4:
Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La, Pr and Er, and wherein, the content of Ce and La accounts for 70% of rare earth element total content.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 770 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 670 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 2h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 60 DEG C;
C, the ingot casting that obtained by step b at 250 DEG C of ageing treatment 10h, then are warming up to 350 DEG C and are rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C of temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 70% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 5h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 400 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 10h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027674 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62.3%IACS, elongation at break is 15%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.92 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 32, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 5
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 770 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 670 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 2h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 60 DEG C;
C, the ingot casting that obtained by step b at 250 DEG C of ageing treatment 10h, then are warming up to 350 DEG C and are rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C of temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 70% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 5h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 400 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 10h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.028034mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 61.5%IACS, elongation at break is 15%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.92 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 31, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of coal mine cable aluminium alloy, the weight percent following (gross weight: 1T) of component and each component:
Adopt above-mentioned aluminium alloy to make the method for coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, complete processing comprises the steps:
A, obtain cast material by carrying out casting to the above-mentioned aluminium alloy of melting: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, under 700 DEG C of temperature condition, carry out melting technology, then cast under 650 DEG C of temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting that step a is obtained at 500 DEG C of solution treatment 4h, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 30 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 7h within the scope of 150 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to 350 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to 60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes 80% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, first time thermal treatment 3h is carried out under 250 DEG C of conditions, then under 350 DEG C of conditions, thermal treatment 8h is again incited somebody to action, obtain the core of aluminium alloy, the aluminium alloy conductor filament tow that the core of aluminium alloy can be respectively 0.2-0.5mm by 10-2000 root diameter is stranding into, according to diameter and the quantity of the specification determination aluminium alloy conductor monofilament silk of aluminium alloy cable;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy core, in casting step, heating should be slow, when adding multiple alloy pig again, should shove charge below 300 DEG C, to ensure foundry goods homogeneous heating, (fusing point close to eutectic) makes alloying element and second-phase be dissolved in matrix by the solid appearance thermal treatment of long period at as high temperature as possible, due to incorporating of trace alloying element (B, Si), matrix is made to become sub-saturated state, can significantly put forward heavy alloyed intensity and plasticity by solid appearance process, improve the corrosion resistance nature of alloy; Tensile property and snappiness that (immersing heat-eliminating medium the time completely no more than 15s, to make foundry goods uniform quenching from foundry goods foundry goods of slinging) improves foundry goods is cooled fast after solid solution; In the timeliness initial stage, matrix saturation ratio is very large, the hardness of foundry goods can significantly improve, and along with the increase of aging time, the concentration between matrix and precipitate reaches balance, now precipitate precipitation starts slack-off, now through shorter soaking time, can grain growing be suppressed, thus obtain the aluminium alloy of less thick essence, obtain the intensity that excellent mechanical property is namely higher thus, good plasticity and toughness; In step f, twice annealing process can the internal stress of aluminium alloy stranded conductor to greatest extent, and the electric property of stable alloy line, stable dimensions reduces distortion, greatly improves stretchiness and the bendability of alloy wire.
Above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, after melting, casting, solid solution and aging treatment, rolling technology, the resistivity of the aluminium alloy obtained is 0.027898 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 61.8%IACS, elongation at break is 14%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.94 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 33, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.
The cable core of aluminium alloy cable comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.Further, insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
Obtained aluminium alloy cable can be used in mine under-40 DEG C of-90 DEG C of environment, and applied range, is specially adapted to voltage rating 8.7/10kV and following coal mine moving class rubber sleeve flexible cable.By test, under 90 DEG C of long-time running conditions, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable; And not short circuit after 9000 the counter-bending tests of this colliery aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, the test method that the present invention's 9000 counter-bending tests specify by MT818.1 is carried out.
Embodiment 7
Wherein, rare earth elements RE comprises Ce, La and Er, and wherein, the content of Ce and La accounts for 60% of rare earth element total content.
Adopt parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, the add-on of Ag increases, and the parameter phase specific conductivity of testing data and embodiment 1 significantly reduces, and aluminium alloy resistivity is 0.028357 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 60.8%IACS, elongation at break is 15%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.95 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 35, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to.Although many-sided performance that visible Ag can improve cable improves cable performance, the electric conductivity of Ag on actual alloy cable creates impact, does not meet the requirement of coal mine cable, have impact on the actual requirement of cable.
Embodiment 8
Wherein, rare earth elements RE is Ce, La.
Adopt parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, the parameter phase specific conductivity of testing data and embodiment 1 has greatly increased, and the resistivity of aluminium alloy is 0.027542 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62.6%IACS, elongation at break is 11%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 0.95 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 30, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to, although therefore electric conductivity increases, but the multinomial attribute of aluminium alloy is all on a declining curve, heat-resisting and acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting all has substantial degradation simultaneously, therefore can show that the consumption size of reasonable Ag has a great impact cable performance from embodiment 5,6.
Embodiment 9
Wherein, rare earth elements RE is Ce, La.
Adopt parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, the intensity of aluminium alloy cable obviously reduces, and the resistivity of aluminium alloy is 0.027719 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62.2%IACS, elongation at break is 14%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour obviously increases and shows as 0.92 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times reach 29, and the most I of filament diameter moves 0.2mm to, and 90 degree of aluminium alloy cable are tired bends the requirement that number of times obviously do not meet Coal Electricity cable, and due to the increase of aluminium content, electric conductivity slightly promotes.
Embodiment 10
Adopt parameter as identical in embodiment 1 and method to make coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, the resistivity of aluminium alloy is 0.027808 Ω mm
2the electric conductivity of/m, 62%IACS, elongation at break is 14%, and under temperature 120 DEG C, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep speed of 1-100 hour is 1.1 × 10
-2(%/h), 90 degree of tired bending number of times 33, clearly 90 degree of fatigues bend the requirement that number of times does not meet Coal Electricity cable, and the intensity of aluminium alloy cable obviously increases simultaneously, but high temperature creep speed is greater than 1 × 10
-2(%/h), from embodiment 7,8, therefore the requirement not meeting colliery aluminium alloy cable in the application can show that adding of Cu also can have an impact to the parameter of aluminium alloy, for ensureing the normal parameter requirement of aluminium alloy cable, also must be strict with add-on.
Therefore as can be seen from the above table embodiment 1-6 compared with control at the composition parameter of claimed range, actual production and the user demand of colliery alloy cable can be met, for Si, the use of B can effectively strengthen alloy processing characteristics and against corrosion can etc., therefore little to the change of actual test parameter, meet the conductivity of the alloy of the application's parameter, tensile property, creep-resistant property and anti-fatigue performance etc. can meet the requirement of existing colliery copper core cable, and more existing colliery copper cash phase specific mass is gently a lot, effectively reduce cable cost, improve working efficiency and economic benefit, and the scope that embodiment 7-10 is exceeding the application is tested, the attribute of aluminium alloy is starkly lower than the requirement of Coal Electricity cable.And reality test process in by experiment data can recognize be, in alloy along with aluminium content increase electric conductivity decline, adding of Cu can carry heavy alloyed intensity and high temperature creep property, and can anti-fatigue performance be improved, Ag adds the formation that can promote the excessive phase of timeliness, improve alloy aging hardening characteristics, alloy mechanical property is made to obtain larger raising, simultaneously also can the antifatigue bending property of remarkable modified alloy, heat-resisting and acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting, strict job requirement can be born, although the membership that adds of Ag makes electric conductivity slightly reduce, but Trace Ag can improve the many-sided performance of cable simultaneously, thus improve the work-ing life of mine cable, if add rare earth element in silver, performance is just more excellent.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments, equivalent replacement etc. done in protection scope of the present invention, all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy, is characterized in that, each composition of aluminium alloy and weight percent are respectively:
Fe content is 0.2 ~ 1.1%;
Cu content is 0.01 ~ 0.4%;
Ag content is 0.001 ~ 0.1%;
Si content is 0 ~ 0.1%;
B content is 0 ~ 0.2%;
All the other are Al and impurity,
The resistivity of described aluminium alloy is less than or equal to 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, specific conductivity is more than or equal to 61%IACS, and elongation at break is not less than 10%, and 90 degree of tired bending number of times are more than or equal to 30 times.
2. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise rare earth element in described aluminium alloy, the content of described rare earth element accounts for the 0.1-0.3% of aluminium alloy weight.
3. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described rare earth element comprises Ce, La, and the weight of described Ce and La accounts at least 50% of rare earth element gross weight.
4. the Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy of the coal mine cable as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described aluminium alloy under temperature 120 DEG C, stress 120MPa condition, the average creep speed of 1 ~ 100 hour is for being less than or equal to 1 × 10
-2(%/h).
5. a coal mine cable making method for Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, is characterized in that, the complete processing of aluminium alloy cable comprises the steps:
A, by aluminum alloy melts to any one of claim 1-4, carry out casting again and obtain cast material: add the al alloy component mentioned in the present invention in proportion, melting technology is carried out under 700 DEG C or more temperature condition, then cast under 680 DEG C or following temperature condition, obtain ingot casting;
B, ingot casting solution treatment 2-6h within the scope of 460-550 DEG C that step a is obtained, then rapid quenching in the water coolant of 20-100 DEG C;
C, ingot casting ageing treatment 6-10h within the scope of 150-250 DEG C that step b is obtained, then be warming up to more than 300 DEG C and be rolled into rod of metal alloy;
D, under 300 DEG C or following temperature condition, the rod of metal alloy that step c is rolled into carry out drawing process, make reduced cross-sectional area to the 50-60% of step c interalloy rod area, obtain aluminum alloy line;
E, under the temperature condition forming aluminium alloy core, aluminum alloy line steps d obtained again carries out drawings and processes, and makes the 70-100% of aluminum alloy line sectional area in reduced cross-sectional area to steps d, obtains aluminium alloy conductor monofilament;
F, the aluminium alloy conductor monofilament obtained by some step e are stranded, carry out first time thermal treatment 3-6h under 230-320 DEG C of condition, then under 300-400 DEG C of condition, incite somebody to action thermal treatment 8-14h again, obtain the core of aluminium alloy;
G, core that step f is obtained through extruded insulation, stranding, extrude sheath or aluminium alloy cable made by armouring.
6. a coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable, it is characterized in that, the core of this aluminium alloy cable is made up of the aluminium alloy of any one of claim 1-4, and this aluminium alloy cable comprises by power wire core, monitors the cable core that core, control conductor three kinds of cores are stranded, be provided with between core and fill out sandwich layer, cable core is outside equipped with external sheath layer.
7. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described core is 10 ~ 2000 by quantity, and diameter is that 0.2mm ~ 0.5mm filament tow strand forms, and described monofilament is made up of described aluminium alloy.
8. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable as claimed in claims 6 or 7, it is characterized in that, cable core comprises three power wire core in Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and outside three power wire core, be provided with two control conductor and a supervision core, be enclosed with sealing coat, insulation layer successively respectively from inside to outside outside described power wire core, control conductor, supervision core.
9. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described insulation layer and external sheath layer adopt at least one in polyvinyl chloride, crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, chlorinatedpolyethylene or polypropylene.
10. coal mine cable Al-Fe-Cu-Ag aluminium alloy cable as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the not short circuit after 9000 counter-bending tests of described aluminium alloy cable, not open circuit, and in 90 DEG C of long-time running situations, current capacity is not less than 80% of same cross-sectional copper cable.
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| CN109136661A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-04 | 安庆市泽烨新材料技术推广服务有限公司 | Aluminium alloy electric cable core |
| CN109136659A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-04 | 安庆市泽烨新材料技术推广服务有限公司 | Aluminum alloy materials for power cable |
| CN113737061A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-03 | 贵州晟展峰新材料科技有限公司 | Nano rare earth aluminum alloy material, preparation method and nano rare earth aluminum alloy rod |
| CN117187626A (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2023-12-08 | 江苏国嘉导体技术科技有限公司 | High-silver light aluminum alloy and processing technology thereof |
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| CN113737061A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-03 | 贵州晟展峰新材料科技有限公司 | Nano rare earth aluminum alloy material, preparation method and nano rare earth aluminum alloy rod |
| CN117187626A (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2023-12-08 | 江苏国嘉导体技术科技有限公司 | High-silver light aluminum alloy and processing technology thereof |
| CN117187626B (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2024-03-26 | 江苏国嘉导体技术科技有限公司 | High-silver light aluminum alloy and processing technology thereof |
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