CN103757492A - Al-Fe-Cu-Mg series aluminum alloy for automobile wire and wiring harness - Google Patents
Al-Fe-Cu-Mg series aluminum alloy for automobile wire and wiring harness Download PDFInfo
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- CN103757492A CN103757492A CN201310733446.0A CN201310733446A CN103757492A CN 103757492 A CN103757492 A CN 103757492A CN 201310733446 A CN201310733446 A CN 201310733446A CN 103757492 A CN103757492 A CN 103757492A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an alloy for an automobile wire. The alloy comprises Fe with the content of 0.2-1.4wt%, Cu+Mg with the content of 0.01-0.5wt%, two or more than two of Ti, Ni, Ca, V and Zn with the content of 0.001-0.2wt% and the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities. An automobile wiring harness is prepared by smelting, casting and rolling to obtain an aluminum alloy rod, drawing, twisting and softening to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor wire core and extruding one layer of insulation outside the conductor wire core. The prepared automobile wiring harness has light weight, and excellent conductivity, tensile strength, machinability and creep resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of store battery cable, wire harness or engine can be used as in mobile vehicle wire harness of cable, belong to field of aluminum alloys.
Background technology
In world wide, automobile industry development is rapid at present, automotive industry not only becomes the U.S., the mainstay industry of the developed countries such as Japan, also become the mainstay industry of some developing countries that comprise China, as the automotive line of one of important auxiliary products of automobile, no matter in scale output or kind demand, all there are good market outlook.
Automobile is to miniaturization, lightweight future development simultaneously, and the pilot circuit of various electronicss increases, and increase the distribution position in motor vehicle, in order to reach energy-saving and cost-reducing object, requires low tension cables for automobiles to the performance future development of minification.Therefore,, for weight reduction, attempted the aluminium electric wire that uses conductor to be made by aluminum.
The aluminium electric wire that conductor is made by alumina-base material is due to lightweight and excellent electric conductivity, thereby routinely for the power industry field of overhead electric power transmission line is set.Aluminium alloy more and more for the conductor of aluminium electric wire to improve intensity and resistance to bend(ing), day by day deficient along with copper resource in addition, and the content of aluminium is very abundant, with aluminium substitution copper, received investigator's concern, so aluminium alloy becomes the focus of research as cable conductor.
For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2006-19163 communique discloses a kind of aluminium conductor, it is the twisted wire by aluminium alloy wires twisted is made, the Si of the Mg of the Fe that described aluminium alloy wires contains 1.10-1.50 quality %, 0.03-0.25 quality %, 0.02-0.06% quality %, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity.A kind of hard wire drawing line during aluminium alloy wires that this piece of patent mentioned, thus although described wire intensity increases, extend rate variance, and this causes resistance to bend(ing) and shock-resistance to decline.
Japanese Patent car aluminum electric wire and manufacture method thereof (application number: the conductor providing 200820111739.2) has tensile strength, more than 15% elongation at break and specific conductivity more than 58%IACS more than 110MPa, but this piece of patent do not embody the good effect of improving for the creep resistance of conductor.
Yet as the conductor of the electric wiring body of moving body, wherein a most important problem is exactly the requirement to resistance to creep properties.Because approximately 140 ℃ of the envrionment temperatures of the easy creep of aluminium, and the thermal environment of moving body such as the engine chamber of automobile, drive by these parts of engine and just easily reach in full summer this temperature.In addition, the electric wiring body electric wire of moving body is riveted on terminal, if there is creep, has the hidden danger coming off.
Therefore, the exploitation of the aluminium conductor of resistance to creep properties excellence is necessary.In addition, for preventing infinitely repeatedly under repeated load effect, the conductor of the electric wiring body as moving body being damaged, the raising of resistance to fatigue is also necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of light weight, have excellent electric conductivity, the automotive line of tensile strength, processibility, creep-resistant property with Alloy And Preparation Method and preparation thereof and automotive wire bundle.
Above-mentioned purpose realizes by following scheme:
An Al-Fe-Cu-Mg line aluminium alloy, is characterized in that: comprise following composition:
Fe, content is 0.2～1.4wt%,
Cu+Mg, content is 0.01～0.5wt%,
Two or more in Ti, Ni, Ca, V, Zn, content is 0.001～0.2wt%,
Surplus is Al and inevitable impurity.
Described a kind of automotive line aluminium alloy, its alloy also contains the Si that is no more than 0.1wt%.
Described a kind of automotive line aluminium alloy, also contains the RE of 0.1-0.3wt% in its alloy, wherein Ce, La account for the more than 50% of total amount of rare earth.
Described aluminium alloy resistance rate is not more than 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is not less than 10%, and under 140 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 1 * 10
-3(%/h) or lower, and the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reach 30 or higher.
The preparation method of aluminium alloy for described automotive line, aluminium alloy forms aluminium alloy rod by melting, casting, rolling.
The automotive wire bundle that described automotive line makes with aluminium alloy, its preparation method comprises the following steps: by melting, casting, rolling, form aluminium alloy rod, through drawing, restraint strand, the softening aluminium alloy conductor core that forms, conductor thread core extrudes one deck insulation outward and makes again.
Described conductor thread core is formed by the filament tow strand of 10～1000 0.2mm～0.5mm.
Described insulation layer extrudes one deck sheath outward, and insulation and sheath material adopt polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polypropylene material.
Described softening annealing conductor is compressed with one heart.
The described automotive wire bundle that utilizes automotive line to make with aluminium alloy, can be used for, under-40 ℃～150 ℃ environment, can be used as store battery cable, wire harness or engine cable in moving body carrier.
Method for the preparation of aluminium alloy of the present invention comprises the following steps:
A) by molten aluminium alloy is cast and is obtained cast material: add the melting at 700 ℃ or higher temperature of two or more or pure metal ingot in Al ingot, Al-Fe ingot, Al-Mg ingot, Al-Cu ingot and Al-Ca ingot, Al-Ti ingot, Al-Ni ingot, Al-Zn ingot, Al-V ingot to process by formula rate; 680 ℃ of following temperature are cast;
B) ingot casting step a) being obtained carries out solution treatment and ageing treatment, rerolls and makes rod of metal alloy;
C) by step b) rod of metal alloy that is rolled into is through cold-drawn, stranded, softening, and extruded insulation is made alloy wiring.
Preferably, the method for the preparation of alloy wiring of the present invention comprises the following steps:
A) by molten aluminium alloy is cast and is obtained cast material: by formula rate add in Al ingot, Al-Fe ingot, Al-Mg ingot, Al-Cu ingot and Al-Ca ingot, Al-Ti ingot, Al-Ni ingot, Al-Zn ingot, Al-V ingot two or more, the melting at 700 ℃ or higher temperature of Al-RE ingot or pure metal ingot processes; 680 ℃ of following temperature are cast;
B) ingot casting step a) being obtained carries out solution treatment and ageing treatment, rerolls and makes rod of metal alloy;
C) by step b) rod of metal alloy that is rolled into is through cold-drawn, stranded, softening, and extruded insulation is made alloy wiring.
After conductor thread core of the present invention annealing, compressed with one heart, by the filament tow strand of 10～1000 0.2mm～0.5mm, formed.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention adds Fe, Cu, Mg, two or more interpolation element as alloy in preferred Ca, Ti, Ni, Zn, V, by adding Fe element, can improve physical strength and the tensile property of alloy, Fe can also significantly improve high-temperature creep resistance, and carry heavy alloyed anti-fatigue performance, adding of Cu has certain solid solution strengthening effect, in addition the CuAl of Precipitation
2have obvious ageing strengthening effect, in alloy, copper content, at 0.01%-0.3% optimum, if surpass this scope, can weaken its timeliness strengthening effect and corrosion stability thereof.Add and the silicon of Mg can form aluminium silicon magnesium and be associated gold, strengthening phase is MgSi, can improve alloy strength, then excessive Mg can make alloy become fragile, micro-be pulled through journey in wire rod easy fracture, therefore, by being added within the scope of 0.01%-0.5% of reasonably combined Cu, Mg, can, when carrying heavy alloyed intensity and high temperature creep property, improve its anti-fatigue performance.
Ca solid solubility in aluminium alloy is extremely low, forms CaAl with aluminium
4compound, calcium is again the superplasticity element of aluminium alloy, calcium and silicon form CaSi
2, be insoluble to aluminium, owing to having reduced the solid solution capacity of silicon, can improve a little the conductivity of aluminium alloy.Calcium can improve aluminium alloy cutting ability, and micro-calcium is conducive to remove the hydrogen in aluminium liquid.
Being added in alloy of Ni can form AlNi
3deng metallic compound, be disperse phase and be distributed in matrix crystal boundary, there is crystal grain thinning, filling matrix crystal boundary, form the multiple effect of nearly aluminium current potential metallic compound, obviously weakened the surface tension of melt, reduce melt viscosity, significantly improved the mechanical property of fluidity of molten and alloy.
Ti be added in founding time the miniaturization material of ingot bar is worked, carry heavy alloyed processing tensile property, and improve creep-resistant property, particularly improve the stability with splicing ear.
Being added in of V forms VAl in aluminium alloy
11insoluble compound plays Grain refinement in fusion-casting process, the effect that also have refinement recrystallized structure, improves recrystallization temperature.General cast aluminium alloy has and expands with heat and contract with cold, so may occur that at some high-temperature condition high temperature density increases, the situation that adds V in casting aluminium alloy liquid, can adopt the method for common founding, reinforcing body in aluminium liquid not, solid melting simultaneously, is first placed on solid V alloy bottom, aluminium alloy is put on top, heats up and melts.
Being added in aluminium alloy of Zn can make electric conductivity slightly reduce, but can effectively improve to a certain extent intensity, improves the creep speed of conductor simultaneously.
The present invention has done restriction to the content of Si, is because too much Si can cause tensile property to reduce, and have influence on the processing characteristics of cable, and may reduce the tired bending property of conductor, and too much Si also can reduce electrical property.
In the present invention, Fe content is 0.2-1.4wt%, Cu+Mg content is 0.01-0.05wt%, Ti, Ni, Ca, V, in Zn, two or more content summation is 0.001-0.2wt%, and content is no more than the Si of 0.1wt% and the RE of 0.1-0.3wt%, Ce wherein, La accounts for the more than 50% of total amount of rare earth, by such formulation alloy formula, both can improve the performance of alloy, the performance that is unlikely to again the alloy that too much amount can worsen, particularly electrical property and extension property, by rational proportion relation, well ensure the Performance Match of alloy, the preferred RE element of the present invention, Ce wherein, La account in RE total content more than 50%, rare earth can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, middle-weight rare earths of the present invention adds in aluminium alloy, while making aluminum alloy melt casting, increase constitutional supercooling, crystal grain thinning, reduce secondary intergranular distance, reduce the gas in alloy and be mingled with, and make to be mingled with and be tending towards mutually nodularization.Also can reduce smelt surface tension, increase mobility, be conducive to be cast into ingot, processing performance is had to obvious impact, can also play the effect that improves the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extended the work-ing life of cable, preferably Ce and La, be because these two kinds of elements in the present invention effect compared with other rare earth elements, to improve effect more obvious.Simultaneously aluminum alloy materials by melting, casting, solid solution and ageing treatment, rolling technology after, make aluminium alloy resistance rate be not more than 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is not less than 10%, and under 140 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1-100 hour is 1 * 10
-3(%/h) or lower, and the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reach 30 or higher.
The automotive wire bundle being prepared from by the present invention, both realized as the necessary electric property of conductor, overcome again the deficiency of aluminium alloy as processing characteristics, creep-resistant property and the anti-fatigue performance aspect of the existence of automotive wire bundle conductor, and realized the desired lightweight problem as automotive wire bundle, aspect technical economic benefit, have very important significance.
Embodiment
Below the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
An automotive line aluminium alloy, the weight percent of component and each component following (gross weight: 1T):
| Component | Fe | Cu+Mg | Ca+Ti | Si | RE | Al |
| Weight (Kg) | 2 | 0.1 | 0.01 | / | / | 997.89 |
| Weight percent (%) | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.001 | / | / | 99.789 |
In above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, be preferably added with a certain amount of Cu, adding of Cu has certain solid solution strengthening effect, in addition the CuAl of Precipitation
2have obvious ageing strengthening effect, in alloy, copper content, at 0.01%-0.3% optimum, if surpass this scope, can weaken its timeliness strengthening effect and corrosion stability thereof.Add and the silicon of Mg can form aluminium silicon magnesium and be associated gold, strengthening phase is MgSi, can improve alloy strength, then excessive Mg can make alloy become fragile, micro-be pulled through journey in wire rod easy fracture, therefore, by being added within the scope of 0.01%-0.5% of reasonably combined Cu, Mg, can, when carrying heavy alloyed intensity and high temperature creep property, improve its anti-fatigue performance.
Further, preferably add a certain amount of Ca and Ti, Ca solid solubility in aluminium alloy is extremely low, forms CaAl with aluminium
4compound, calcium is again the superplasticity element of aluminium alloy, calcium and silicon form CaSi
2, be insoluble to aluminium, owing to having reduced the solid solution capacity of silicon, can improve a little the conductivity of aluminium alloy.Calcium can improve aluminium alloy cutting ability in addition, and micro-calcium is conducive to remove the hydrogen in aluminium liquid.Ti be added in founding time the miniaturization material of ingot bar is worked, carry heavy alloyed processing tensile property, and improve creep-resistant property, particularly improve the stability with splicing ear.
Apply above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials and prepare the method for aluminium alloy core, concrete steps are as follows:
A, founding: add according to the above ratio al alloy component, after melting is processed at 730 ℃, at 670 ℃, carry out ingot casting, then be rolled into rod of metal alloy through solution treatment and ageing treatment, the ageing treatment here is preferably carried out at 140 ℃ or higher temperature,
B, wire drawing: the rod of metal alloy being obtained by a is carried out to temperature 150-180 ℃, the process annealing of 4-6 hour, this is when guaranteeing the intensity of alloy, improves its tensile property, resistance to bend(ing) energy strengthens alloy plasticity-, improves subsequent technique efficiency.Here we by rod of metal alloy wire drawing the alloy filaments to Ф 0.2mm.
C, annealing: by after the filament tow strand being made by b in annealing furnace, at 280-320 ℃, be incubated 5-8 hour, annealing time reaches after requirement, the time of being down to 100 ℃ from annealing temperature is more than 15 minutes, like this under treatment condition, Ca has crystal grain thinning, promotes the effect that alloy conductor recovers its electroconductibility in annealing process, and the Fe of sosoloid form amount is few in addition, and the conductivity of the conductor that makes to anneal is excellent.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy is by material, and after melting, casting, solid solution and ageing treatment, rolling technology, the aluminium alloy resistance rate obtaining is not more than 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, electric conductivity 61.1%IACS, elongation at break is 16%, under 140 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1-100 hour is 0.95 * 10
-3(%/h) or lower, and the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reach 32.
Embodiment 2,
An automotive line aluminium alloy, the weight percent of component and each component following (gross weight: 1T):
In above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, content by Si compares, and appropriate Si is improved the effect of recrystallization temperature and crystal grain thinning, surpasses certain content and can reduce its conductivity, and in implementation process, find the too much sample easy fracture in drawing process of Si content.
Apply above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials and prepare the method for aluminium alloy core, concrete steps are as follows:
A, founding: add according to the above ratio al alloy component, after melting is processed at 730 ℃, at 670 ℃, carry out ingot casting, then be rolled into rod of metal alloy through solution treatment and ageing treatment, the ageing treatment here is preferably carried out at 140 ℃ or higher temperature,
B, wire drawing: the rod of metal alloy being obtained by a is carried out to temperature 150-180 ℃, the process annealing of 4-6 hour, this is when guaranteeing the intensity of alloy, improves its tensile property, resistance to bend(ing) energy strengthens alloy plasticity-, improves subsequent technique efficiency.Here we by rod of metal alloy wire drawing the alloy filaments to Ф 0.3mm.
C, annealing: by after the filament tow strand being made by b in annealing furnace, at 280-320 ℃, be incubated 5-8 hour, annealing time reaches after requirement, the time of being down to 100 ℃ from annealing temperature is more than 15 minutes, like this under treatment condition, Ca has crystal grain thinning, promotes the effect that alloy conductor recovers its electroconductibility in annealing process, and the Fe of sosoloid form amount is few in addition, and the conductivity of the conductor that makes to anneal is excellent.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy is by material, and after melting, casting, solid solution and ageing treatment, rolling technology, the aluminium alloy resistance rate of the sample 1 obtaining is 0.028034 Ω mm
2/ m, electric conductivity 61.5%IACS, elongation at break is 18%, under 140 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1-100 hour is 0.98 * 10
-3(%/h), and the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reach 31; The aluminium alloy resistance rate of sample 2 is 0.031347 Ω mm
2/ m, electric conductivity 55%IACS, elongation at break is 7%, under 140 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1-100 hour is 1.23 * 10
-3(%/h), the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reaches 27.Therefore, in the technical program, Si content is defined as and is not more than 0.1wt%.
Embodiment 3,
An automotive line aluminium alloy, the weight percent of component and each component following (gross weight: 1T):
| Component | Fe | Cu+Mg | Ni+V | Si | RE | Al |
| Weight (Kg) | 8.0 | 4.5 | 1.0 | 0.50 | 2.0 | 982.00 |
| Weight percent (%) | 0.80 | 0.45 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.20 | 98.20 |
In above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, preferably add a certain amount of Ni and V, being added in alloy of Ni can form AlNi
3deng metallic compound, be disperse phase and be distributed in matrix crystal boundary, there is crystal grain thinning, filling matrix crystal boundary, form the multiple effect of nearly aluminium current potential metallic compound, obviously weakened the surface tension of melt, reduce melt viscosity, significantly improved the mechanical property of fluidity of molten and alloy.
Being added in of V forms VAl in aluminium alloy
11insoluble compound plays Grain refinement in fusion-casting process, the effect that also have refinement recrystallized structure, improves recrystallization temperature.General cast aluminium alloy has and expands with heat and contract with cold, so may occur that at some high-temperature condition high temperature density increases, the situation that adds V in casting aluminium alloy liquid, can adopt the method for common founding, reinforcing body in aluminium liquid not, solid melting simultaneously, is first placed on solid V alloy bottom, aluminium alloy is put on top, heats up and melts.
Preferably add a certain amount of RE element, wherein Ce, La account for 50% in RE total content, rare earth can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, middle-weight rare earths of the present invention adds in aluminium alloy, while making aluminum alloy melt casting, increase constitutional supercooling, crystal grain thinning, reduces secondary intergranular distance, reduce the gas in alloy and be mingled with, and making to be mingled with and be tending towards mutually nodularization.Also can reduce smelt surface tension, increase mobility, be conducive to be cast into ingot, processing performance is had to obvious impact, can also play the effect that improves the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extended the work-ing life of cable, preferably Ce and La, be because these two kinds of elements in the present invention effect compared with other rare earth elements, to improve effect more obvious.
Apply above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials and prepare the method for aluminium alloy core, concrete steps are as follows:
A, founding: add according to the above ratio al alloy component, after melting is processed at 730 ℃, at 670 ℃, carry out ingot casting, then be rolled into rod of metal alloy through solution treatment and ageing treatment, the ageing treatment here is preferably carried out at 140 ℃ or higher temperature,
B, wire drawing: the rod of metal alloy being obtained by a is carried out to temperature 150-180 ℃, the process annealing of 4-6 hour, this is when guaranteeing the intensity of alloy, improves its tensile property, resistance to bend(ing) energy strengthens alloy plasticity-, improves subsequent technique efficiency.Here we by rod of metal alloy wire drawing the alloy filaments to Ф 0.4mm.
C, annealing: by after the filament tow strand being made by b in annealing furnace, at 280-320 ℃, be incubated 5-8 hour, annealing time reaches after requirement, the time of being down to 100 ℃ from annealing temperature is more than 15 minutes, like this under treatment condition, V has crystal grain thinning, promotes the effect that alloy conductor recovers its electroconductibility in annealing process, and the Fe of sosoloid form amount is few in addition, and the conductivity of the conductor that makes to anneal is excellent.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy passes through material, after melting, casting, solid solution and ageing treatment, rolling technology, and the aluminium alloy resistance rate 0.028264 Ω mm obtaining
2/ m, electric conductivity 61.1%IACS, elongation at break is 17%, under 140 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1-100 hour is 0.82 * 10
-3(%/h) or lower, and the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reach 35.
Embodiment 4,
An automotive line aluminium alloy, the weight percent of component and each component following (gross weight: 1T):
In above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, preferably add a certain amount of Ti and Zn, Ti be added in founding time the miniaturization material of ingot bar is worked, carry heavy alloyed processing tensile property, and improve creep-resistant property, particularly improve the stability with splicing ear.
Being added in aluminium alloy of Zn can make electric conductivity slightly reduce, but can effectively improve to a certain extent intensity, improves the creep speed of conductor simultaneously.
Preferably add a certain amount of RE element, wherein Ce, La account for 60% in RE total content, rare earth can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, middle-weight rare earths of the present invention adds in aluminium alloy, while making aluminum alloy melt casting, increase constitutional supercooling, crystal grain thinning, reduces secondary intergranular distance, reduce the gas in alloy and be mingled with, and making to be mingled with and be tending towards mutually nodularization.Also can reduce smelt surface tension, increase mobility, be conducive to be cast into ingot, processing performance is had to obvious impact, can also play the effect that improves the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extended the work-ing life of cable, preferably Ce and La, be because these two kinds of elements in the present invention effect compared with other rare earth elements, to improve effect more obvious.
Apply above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials and prepare the method for aluminium alloy core, concrete steps are as follows:
A, founding: add according to the above ratio al alloy component, after melting is processed at 730 ℃, at 670 ℃, carry out ingot casting, then be rolled into rod of metal alloy through solution treatment and ageing treatment, the ageing treatment here is preferably carried out at 140 ℃ or higher temperature,
B, wire drawing: the rod of metal alloy being obtained by a is carried out to temperature 150-180 ℃, the process annealing of 4-6 hour, this is when guaranteeing the intensity of alloy, improves its tensile property, resistance to bend(ing) energy strengthens alloy plasticity-, improves subsequent technique efficiency.Here we by rod of metal alloy wire drawing the alloy filaments to Ф 0.5mm.
C, annealing: by after the filament tow strand being made by b in annealing furnace, at 280-320 ℃, be incubated 5-8 hour, annealing time reaches after requirement, the time of being down to 100 ℃ from annealing temperature is more than 15 minutes, like this under treatment condition, Ti has crystal grain thinning, promotes the effect that alloy conductor recovers its electroconductibility in annealing process, and the Fe of sosoloid form amount is few in addition, and the conductivity of the conductor that makes to anneal is excellent.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy passes through material, after melting, casting, solid solution and ageing treatment, rolling technology, and the aluminium alloy resistance rate 0.028123 Ω mm obtaining
2/ m, electric conductivity 61.3%IACS, elongation at break is 10%, under 140 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1-100 hour is 0.55 * 10
-3(%/h) or lower, and the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reach 36.
Embodiment 5,
An automotive line aluminium alloy, the weight percent of component and each component following (gross weight: 1T):
| Component | Fe | Cu+Mg | Ti+Zn | Si | RE | Al |
| Weight (Kg) | 12 | 4.8 | 1.2 | 0.40 | 2.6 | 981.00 |
| Weight percent (%) | 1.2 | 0.48 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.26 | 98.10 |
In above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, preferably add a certain amount of RE element, wherein Ce, La account for 70% in RE total content, rare earth can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, and middle-weight rare earths of the present invention adds in aluminium alloy, increases constitutional supercooling while making aluminum alloy melt casting, crystal grain thinning, reduce secondary intergranular distance, reduce the gas in alloy and be mingled with, and make to be mingled with and be tending towards mutually nodularization.Also can reduce smelt surface tension, increase mobility, be conducive to be cast into ingot, processing performance is had to obvious impact, can also play the effect that improves the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extended the work-ing life of cable, preferably Ce and La, be because these two kinds of elements in the present invention effect compared with other rare earth elements, to improve effect more obvious.
Apply above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials and prepare the method for aluminium alloy core, concrete steps are as follows:
A, founding: add according to the above ratio al alloy component, after melting is processed at 730 ℃, at 670 ℃, carry out ingot casting, then be rolled into rod of metal alloy through solution treatment and ageing treatment, the ageing treatment here is preferably carried out at 140 ℃ or higher temperature,
B, wire drawing: the rod of metal alloy being obtained by a is carried out to temperature 150-180 ℃, the process annealing of 4-6 hour, this is when guaranteeing the intensity of alloy, improves its tensile property, resistance to bend(ing) energy strengthens alloy plasticity-, improves subsequent technique efficiency.Here we by rod of metal alloy wire drawing the alloy filaments to Ф 0.5mm.
C, annealing: by after the filament tow strand being made by b in annealing furnace, at 280-320 ℃, be incubated 5-8 hour, annealing time reaches after requirement, the time of being down to 100 ℃ from annealing temperature is more than 15 minutes, like this under treatment condition, Ti has crystal grain thinning, promotes the effect that alloy conductor recovers its electroconductibility in annealing process, and the Fe of sosoloid form amount is few in addition, and the conductivity of the conductor that makes to anneal is excellent.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy passes through material, after melting, casting, solid solution and ageing treatment, rolling technology, and the aluminium alloy resistance rate 0.027733 Ω mm obtaining
2/ m, electric conductivity 62.2%IACS, elongation at break is 16%, under 140 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1-100 hour is 0.55 * 10
-3(%/h) or lower, and the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reach 37.
Embodiment 6,
An automotive line aluminium alloy, the weight percent of component and each component following (gross weight: 1T):
In above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, preferably add a certain amount of Ca, Ni, V, Ca solid solubility in aluminium alloy is extremely low, forms CaAl with aluminium
4compound, calcium is again the superplasticity element of aluminium alloy, calcium and silicon form CaSi
2, be insoluble to aluminium, owing to having reduced the solid solution capacity of silicon, can improve a little the conductivity of aluminium alloy.Calcium can improve aluminium alloy cutting ability, and micro-calcium is conducive to remove the hydrogen in aluminium liquid.
Being added in alloy of Ni can form AlNi
3deng metallic compound, be disperse phase and be distributed in matrix crystal boundary, there is crystal grain thinning, filling matrix crystal boundary, form the multiple effect of nearly aluminium current potential metallic compound, obviously weakened the surface tension of melt, reduce melt viscosity, significantly improved the mechanical property of fluidity of molten and alloy.
Being added in of V forms VAl in aluminium alloy
11insoluble compound plays Grain refinement in fusion-casting process, the effect that also have refinement recrystallized structure, improves recrystallization temperature.General cast aluminium alloy has and expands with heat and contract with cold, so may occur that at some high-temperature condition high temperature density increases, the situation that adds V in casting aluminium alloy liquid, can adopt the method for common founding, reinforcing body in aluminium liquid not, solid melting simultaneously, is first placed on solid V alloy bottom, aluminium alloy is put on top, heats up and melts.
Preferably add a certain amount of RE element, wherein Ce, La account for 60% in RE total content, rare earth can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, middle-weight rare earths of the present invention adds in aluminium alloy, while making aluminum alloy melt casting, increase constitutional supercooling, crystal grain thinning, reduces secondary intergranular distance, reduce the gas in alloy and be mingled with, and making to be mingled with and be tending towards mutually nodularization.Also can reduce smelt surface tension, increase mobility, be conducive to be cast into ingot, processing performance is had to obvious impact, can also play the effect that improves the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extended the work-ing life of cable, preferably Ce and La, be because these two kinds of elements in the present invention effect compared with other rare earth elements, to improve effect more obvious.
Apply above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials and prepare the method for aluminium alloy core, concrete steps are as follows:
A, founding: add according to the above ratio al alloy component, after melting is processed at 730 ℃, at 670 ℃, carry out ingot casting, then be rolled into rod of metal alloy through solution treatment and ageing treatment, the ageing treatment here is preferably carried out at 140 ℃ or higher temperature,
B, wire drawing: the rod of metal alloy being obtained by a is carried out to temperature 150-180 ℃, the process annealing of 4-6 hour, this is when guaranteeing the intensity of alloy, improves its tensile property, resistance to bend(ing) energy strengthens alloy plasticity-, improves subsequent technique efficiency.Here we by rod of metal alloy wire drawing the alloy filaments to Ф 0.5mm.
C, annealing: by after the filament tow strand being made by b in annealing furnace, at 280-320 ℃, be incubated 5-8 hour, annealing time reaches after requirement, the time of being down to 100 ℃ from annealing temperature is more than 15 minutes, like this under treatment condition, Ca has crystal grain thinning, promotes the effect that alloy conductor recovers its electroconductibility in annealing process, and the Fe of sosoloid form amount is few in addition, and the conductivity of the conductor that makes to anneal is excellent.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy passes through material, after melting, casting, solid solution and ageing treatment, rolling technology, and the aluminium alloy resistance rate 0.027854 Ω mm obtaining
2/ m, electric conductivity 61.9%IACS, elongation at break is 18%, under 140 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1-100 hour is 0.55 * 10
-3(%/h) or lower, and the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reach 36.
Embodiment 7,
An automotive line aluminium alloy, the weight percent of component and each component following (gross weight: 1T):
| Component | Fe | Cu+Mg | Ca+Ni+V+Zn+Ti | Si | RE | Al |
| Weight (Kg) | 6.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 986.50 |
| Weight percent (%) | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.2 | 98.65 |
In above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, preferably add a certain amount of Ca, Ni, V, Zn, Ti, Ca solid solubility in aluminium alloy is extremely low, forms CaAl with aluminium
4compound, calcium is again the superplasticity element of aluminium alloy, calcium and silicon form CaSi
2, be insoluble to aluminium, owing to having reduced the solid solution capacity of silicon, can improve a little the conductivity of aluminium alloy.Calcium can improve aluminium alloy cutting ability, and micro-calcium is conducive to remove the hydrogen in aluminium liquid.
Being added in alloy of Ni can form AlNi
3deng metallic compound, be disperse phase and be distributed in matrix crystal boundary, there is crystal grain thinning, filling matrix crystal boundary, form the multiple effect of nearly aluminium current potential metallic compound, obviously weakened the surface tension of melt, reduce melt viscosity, significantly improved the mechanical property of fluidity of molten and alloy.
Being added in of V forms VAl in aluminium alloy
11insoluble compound plays Grain refinement in fusion-casting process, the effect that also have refinement recrystallized structure, improves recrystallization temperature.General cast aluminium alloy has and expands with heat and contract with cold, so may occur that at some high-temperature condition high temperature density increases, the situation that adds V in casting aluminium alloy liquid, can adopt the method for common founding, reinforcing body in aluminium liquid not, solid melting simultaneously, is first placed on solid V alloy bottom, aluminium alloy is put on top, heats up and melts.
Being added in aluminium alloy of Zn can make electric conductivity slightly reduce, but can effectively improve to a certain extent intensity, improves the creep speed of conductor simultaneously.
Ti be added in founding time the miniaturization material of ingot bar is worked, carry heavy alloyed processing tensile property, and improve creep-resistant property, particularly improve the stability with splicing ear.
Preferably add a certain amount of RE element, wherein Ce, La account for 60% in RE total content, rare earth can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, middle-weight rare earths of the present invention adds in aluminium alloy, while making aluminum alloy melt casting, increase constitutional supercooling, crystal grain thinning, reduces secondary intergranular distance, reduce the gas in alloy and be mingled with, and making to be mingled with and be tending towards mutually nodularization.Also can reduce smelt surface tension, increase mobility, be conducive to be cast into ingot, processing performance is had to obvious impact, can also play the effect that improves the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extended the work-ing life of cable, preferably Ce and La, be because these two kinds of elements in the present invention effect compared with other rare earth elements, to improve effect more obvious.
Apply above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials and prepare the method for aluminium alloy core, concrete steps are as follows:
A, founding: add according to the above ratio al alloy component, after melting is processed at 730 ℃, at 670 ℃, carry out ingot casting, then be rolled into rod of metal alloy through solution treatment and ageing treatment, the ageing treatment here is preferably carried out at 140 ℃ or higher temperature,
B, wire drawing: the rod of metal alloy being obtained by a is carried out to temperature 150-180 ℃, the process annealing of 4-6 hour, this is when guaranteeing the intensity of alloy, improves its tensile property, resistance to bend(ing) energy strengthens alloy plasticity-, improves subsequent technique efficiency.Here we by rod of metal alloy wire drawing the alloy filaments to Ф 0.5mm.
C, annealing: by after the filament tow strand being made by b in annealing furnace, at 280-320 ℃, be incubated 5-8 hour, annealing time reaches after requirement, the time of being down to 100 ℃ from annealing temperature is more than 15 minutes, like this under treatment condition, Ca has crystal grain thinning, promotes the effect that alloy conductor recovers its electroconductibility in annealing process, and the Fe of sosoloid form amount is few in addition, and the conductivity of the conductor that makes to anneal is excellent.
Above-mentioned aluminium alloy passes through material, after melting, casting, solid solution and ageing treatment, rolling technology, and the aluminium alloy resistance rate 0.028054 Ω mm obtaining
2/ m, electric conductivity 61.4%IACS, elongation at break is 17%, under 140 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1-100 hour is 0.55 * 10
-3(%/h) or lower, and the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reach 36.
Embodiment 8,
An automotive line aluminium alloy, the weight percent of component and each component following (gross weight: 1T):
| Component | Fe | Cu+Mg | Ca+Ni+V+Zn | Si | RE | Al |
| Weight (Kg) | 14.0 | 3.0 | 0.87 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 979.63 |
| Weight percent (%) | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.087 | 0.05 | 0.2 | 97.963 |
In above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials, preferably add a certain amount of Ca, Ni, V, Zn, Ca solid solubility in aluminium alloy is extremely low, forms CaAl with aluminium
4compound, calcium is again the superplasticity element of aluminium alloy, calcium and silicon form CaSi
2, be insoluble to aluminium, owing to having reduced the solid solution capacity of silicon, can improve a little the conductivity of aluminium alloy.Calcium can improve aluminium alloy cutting ability, and micro-calcium is conducive to remove the hydrogen in aluminium liquid.
Being added in alloy of Ni can form AlNi
3deng metallic compound, be disperse phase and be distributed in matrix crystal boundary, there is crystal grain thinning, filling matrix crystal boundary, form the multiple effect of nearly aluminium current potential metallic compound, obviously weakened the surface tension of melt, reduce melt viscosity, significantly improved the mechanical property of fluidity of molten and alloy.
Being added in of V forms VAl in aluminium alloy
11insoluble compound plays Grain refinement in fusion-casting process, the effect that also have refinement recrystallized structure, improves recrystallization temperature.General cast aluminium alloy has and expands with heat and contract with cold, so may occur that at some high-temperature condition high temperature density increases, the situation that adds V in casting aluminium alloy liquid, can adopt the method for common founding, reinforcing body in aluminium liquid not, solid melting simultaneously, is first placed on solid V alloy bottom, aluminium alloy is put on top, heats up and melts.
Being added in aluminium alloy of Zn can make electric conductivity slightly reduce, but can effectively improve to a certain extent intensity, improves the creep speed of conductor simultaneously.
Preferably add a certain amount of RE element, wherein Ce, La account in RE total content more than 60%, rare earth can significantly improve the electrical property of alloy, middle-weight rare earths of the present invention adds in aluminium alloy, while making aluminum alloy melt casting, increase constitutional supercooling, crystal grain thinning, reduces secondary intergranular distance, reduce the gas in alloy and be mingled with, and making to be mingled with and be tending towards mutually nodularization.Also can reduce smelt surface tension, increase mobility, be conducive to be cast into ingot, processing performance is had to obvious impact, can also play the effect that improves the tired bending property of Alloy Anti, extended the work-ing life of cable, preferably Ce and La, be because these two kinds of elements in the present invention effect compared with other rare earth elements, to improve effect more obvious.
Aluminium alloy preparation method is:
(1) by formula rate, add the melting at 770 ℃ of each raw material to process, then in air, be cooled to 650 ℃, be incubated 6 minutes, then be warming up to about 730 ℃ insulations 2 minutes, then be cooled to 630 ℃, cast,
(2) ingot casting step (1) being obtained carries out solution treatment and ageing treatment, rerolls and makes rod of metal alloy.
Described aluminium alloy rod is through cold-drawn, stranded, softening, and extruded insulation is made automotive wire bundle.
Described automotive line is not more than 0.027733 Ω mm by resistance alloys rate
2/ m, electric conductivity is 62.2%, elongation at break 15.9%, under 140 ℃ of temperature, 140MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1～100 hour is 0.88 * 10
-2(%/h), and the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reach 33.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing, be equal to replacement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. Al-Fe-Cu-Mg is an automotive line aluminium alloy, it is characterized in that: comprise following composition:
Fe, content is 0.2-1.4wt%,
Cu+Mg, content is 0.01-0.5wt%,
Two or more in Ti, Ni, Ca, V, Zn, content is 0.001-0.2wt%,
Surplus is Al and inevitable impurity.
2. a kind of Al-Fe-Cu-Mg according to claim 1 is automotive line aluminium alloy, it is characterized in that: in described aluminium alloy, also contain the Si that is no more than 0.1wt%.
3. a kind of Al-Fe-Cu-Mg according to claim 1 is automotive line aluminium alloy, it is characterized in that: in described aluminium alloy, also contain the RE of 0.1-0.3wt%, wherein Ce, La account for the more than 50% of total amount of rare earth.
4. according to the automotive line aluminium alloy described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: described aluminium alloy resistance rate is not more than 0.028264 Ω mm
2/ m, elongation at break is not less than 10%, and under 140 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1 ~ 100 hour is 1 * 10
-3(%/h) or lower, and the tired bending of 90 degree number of times reach 30 or higher.
5. an automotive wire bundle that utilizes the aluminium alloy described in claim 4 and make, is characterized in that: described conductor thread core is formed by the filament tow strand of 10-1000 root 0.2-0.5mm.
6. wire harness according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described insulation layer extrudes one deck sheath outward, and insulation and sheath material adopt polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride-butyronitrile polymkeric substance, polymeric amide, fluorinated ethylene propylene or polypropylene material.
7. wire harness according to claim 6, is characterized in that: under can be used for-40-150 of described automotive wire bundle ℃ environment.
8. wire harness according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described automotive wire bundle can be used as store battery cable, wire harness or the engine cable in moving body carrier.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110042279A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-23 | 国网河南省电力公司方城县供电公司 | A kind of aluminum-alloy conductor material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110396628A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2019-11-01 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102264929A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2011-11-30 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | Aluminum alloy wire |
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| US3512221A (en) * | 1969-04-07 | 1970-05-19 | Southwire Co | Aluminum alloy wire |
| JPS5245514A (en) * | 1975-08-01 | 1977-04-11 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Production process of electric conductor made of aluminium alloy |
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| CN110042279A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-07-23 | 国网河南省电力公司方城县供电公司 | A kind of aluminum-alloy conductor material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110042279B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2021-06-01 | 国网河南省电力公司方城县供电公司 | Aluminum alloy conductor material and preparation method thereof |
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