CN101881224B - 自动调整燃气轮机燃烧的操作的系统和方法 - Google Patents
自动调整燃气轮机燃烧的操作的系统和方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
基于测量轮机的操作参数和引导对用于该轮机的各种操作元素的操作控制部的调节,提供了一种用于调整该燃气轮机的操作的系统。提供控制器用于与该系统内的传感器和控制部进行通信。控制器接收来自传感器的操作数据,并且比较该数据与所存储的操作标准以确定轮机操作是否与该标准一致。控制器随后传达经选择的对轮机的操作参数的调节。控制器随后从传感器接收另外的操作数据,以确定是否希望进行另外的调节或者是否希望对进一步选择的操作参数进行调节。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及感测燃烧系统的操作条件并且做出预设调节以实现所希望的轮机操作的自动系统。
背景技术
基于燃气轮机发动机已经在陆地上部署了贫油预混燃烧系统以减少诸如NOx和CO的排放。这些系统已经取得了成功,并且在一些情况下产生处于测量能力下限的排放水平,约百万分之(ppm)1至3的NOx和CO。虽然从排放产物的观点而言这些系统是很有利的,但是当与更传统的燃烧系统相比时,这些系统的操作包线(operational envelope)实质上降低了。结果,对燃料的条件、分配和向燃烧区内的注入的控制变成了关键的操作参数,并且在诸如温度、湿度和压力的周围大气条件改变时要求频繁进行调节。对燃烧燃料的条件、分配和注入的重新调节被称为调整。
燃烧系统的受控操作在平均操作条件下通常利用对燃烧室的操作参数的手动设定。这些设定在设置时是令人满意的,但是环境可能在约数小时或数天内改变并且引起无法接受的操作。其他方案基于燃气轮机操作参数使用公式来预测排放,并且在不修改诸如燃料气体温度的其他参数的情况下,选择用于燃料分配和/或总体机器燃料/空气比的设定点。这些方案不允许用于适时的变化,不利用实际的动态性能和排放数据,或者不修改燃料分配、燃料温度和/或其他轮机操作参数。
影响贫油预混燃烧系统的另一个变量是燃料成分。燃料成分中足够的变化会引起贫油预混燃烧系统的放热的改变。这样的改变可能导致排放漂移(emission excursion)、不稳定的燃烧过程、或者甚至是燃烧系统的破裂。
燃烧系统的误操作表现在增大的压力脉动或者燃烧动态性能的增加中。该脉动可以具有足够的力量破坏燃烧系统并显著地降低燃烧硬件的寿命。此外,对燃烧系统的不恰当调整可以导致排放漂移并且违反排放许可。因此,基于规则的或周期的方式,在适当的操作包线内维持贫油预混燃烧系统的稳定性的装置对于本产业具有巨大价值和利益。此外,通过利用从轮机传感器取得的接近实时的数据来操作的系统,对于协调对燃料分配、燃料气体入口温度和/或总体机器燃料/空气比的修正具有重要的价值。
发明内容
本发明是用于调整燃气轮机的操作的控制器和方法,该类型的燃气轮机具有用于测量轮机的操作参数的传感器和用于控制轮机的各种操作元素的控制部。通过控制器接收的轮机的操作参数可以包括以下一种或多种:燃烧室动态性能、轮机排气温度(总体燃料/空气比)和轮机排气排放。操作控制元素可以包括以下一种或多种:燃料分配、燃料温度和轮机排气温度。轮机/动力设备系统也包括诸如分布式控制系统(DCS)的通信链接。该链接允许与传感器和操作控制部进行通信。调整控制器也通过通信链接被连接到轮机系统。
控制器通过从传感器接收数据来操作。轮机的操作优先级可以在控制器内被设定,并且可以代表性地选自最优NOx排放、最优功率输出和/或最优燃烧室动态性能。从轮机传感器接收的数据被与控制器内存储的操作标准进行比较。经选择的操作标准优选地是基于所设定的操作优先级的。做出关于轮机操作是否与操作标准一致的确定。此外,在该数据被确定为不一致后,再次做出对主导调整判据的进一步的确定。该进一步的确定优选地基于预设的操作优先级。一旦逻辑确定被做出,调整控制器通过通信链接与操作控制装置进行通信,以对轮机的操作参数进行经选择的调节。经选择的操作调节优选地基于主导调整判据,并且具有预设的固定步进值和限定的值的范围。每个步进改变优选地都是在对于轮机获得操作稳定性而言足够的设定的时间段内被输入的。一旦该时间段过去了,就再次从轮机传感器接收操作数据以确定是否希望另外的步进改变。在完成限定的范围内的调节后,再次优选地基于主导调整判据来选择进一步的操作参数调节,并且做出进一步的固定步进调节。通过控制器接收操作数据来继续进行调整过程,以确定该操作是否与操作标准一致或者是否要求另外的调节。通过调整控制器调节的操作参数可以包括以下一种或多种:燃烧室的喷嘴内的燃烧室燃料分配开口、燃料气体入口温度和/或轮机内的燃料/空气比。
在本发明的另一个方面中,该系统进行用于通过使用布尔层次逻辑和多级控制设定来对主导燃气轮机燃烧系统调整方案进行确定的方法。
在本发明的又一个方面中,所进行的方法涉及通过在分布式控制系统(DCS)内自动修正燃料气体温度控制设定点来自动控制燃气轮机入口燃料温度。
在本发明的再一个方面中,用于自动控制燃气轮机入口燃料气体温度的方法是通过在燃料气体温度控制器内自动修正燃料气体温度控制设定点来限定的。
在本发明的再一个方面中,用于将轮机控制信号传达给燃气轮机控制器的方法是借助外部控制器件(诸如存在于轮机控制器上用于与分布式控制系统(DCS)进行通信的MODBUS串行协议端口或者以太网通信协议端口)通过使用现有燃气轮机通信链接来实现的。
在本发明的再一个方面中,用于修正燃气轮机燃烧系统的方法是通过一系列经由用户界面显示的自动调整设定来限定的,其利用了布尔逻辑运算拨动开关来选择用户所希望的最优判据。该方法优选地通过基于最优燃烧动态性能的最优判据来限定,凭借这个开关的拨动来改变燃烧室动态性能控制设定的幅度。
附图说明
为了说明本发明,附图示出了当前优选的形式。应该理解的是,本发明不限于本发明的图中所示的精确的布置和手段。
图1示出了围绕燃气轮机发动机系统的操作设备通信系统的示意图,其包含有燃气轮机调整控制器。
图2示出了用于本发明的调整控制器的功能流程图。
图3示出了用于在本发明内选择最优化模式的用户界面显示。
图4示出了各种最优化模式设定的相互关系的示意图。
图5至8示出了如本发明所考虑的对燃气轮机发动机系统的操作调整的操作示例。
图9A和9B是在维持对轮机系统的调整时本发明的调整控制器的功能的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1是用于燃气轮机发动机(未示出)的通信图,其中本发明的调整控制器10进行操作。提供通信链接或集线器以引导轮机系统的多个元素之间的通信。如所示的,通信链接是由附图标记20所标识的分布式控制系统(DCS)。大多数轮机控制是通过DCS 20进行的。轮机控制器30直接与燃气轮机和DCS 20进行通信。在本发明中,与轮机操作相关的信息(例如轮机动态性能、轮机排气排放等)通过DCS 20被引导至调整控制器10。调整控制器10被设想成用来作为可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)运行的独立的个人计算机(PC)。调整控制器10优选地是与轮机控制器30分开的计算机,并且不直接与轮机控制器30进行通信,除非通过DCS 20。通过使用外部控制器件(诸如存在于系统上或附加到系统的MODBUS串行协议端口或者以太网通信协议端口),来自调整控制器10的信号可以被传送到轮机控制器30或者系统内的其他控制部。
从与轮机相关联的传感器装置接收相关操作数据。例如,通过连接到DCS的持续排放监视系统(CEMS)40从烟道排放中取得轮机排气排放读数。使用位于轮机燃烧室的燃烧区域内的动态压力感测探测器来感测燃烧动态性能。如所示的,提供持续动态性能监视系统(CDMS)50并且其与DCS进行通信。CDMS 50优选地使用直接安装或者以波导方式连接的压力或光感测探测器以测量燃烧动态性能。另一个相关操作参数是燃料气体温度。同样,通过DCS 20将该温度信息从燃料加热单元60引导至调整控制器10。因为部分调整操作可以包括对燃料温度的调节,所以在调整控制器10和燃料加热单元60之间可以是双向通信。
每分钟采集若干次来自轮机的相关操作数据。该数据采集允许接近实时的系统调整。大多数相关轮机操作数据是通过调整控制器以接近实时的方式被采集的。然而,轮机排气排放代表性地是根据当前操作条件以2至8分钟的延时的方式通过调整控制器10从传感器接收的。该延时需要调整控制器10在做出操作调整调节之前接收相关信息并将其以相似的延时进行缓冲。对调节延时进行调整的调整控制器10确保在做出任何调节之前和之后所有操作数据(包括排气排放)都代表稳定的轮机操作。一旦数据被认为是稳定的,则调整控制器10确定是否需要对调整参数进行调节。如果不需要调节,则调整控制器10维持目前的调整并且等待接收下一数据集合。如果希望进行改变,则开始调整。
在调整控制器10内执行所有对需要进行轮机调整的确定。基于通过接收到预设的操作判据之外的操作数据而创建的“警报”,启动调整操作。为了开始调整操作,警报和随之而来的异常数据必须持续预定的时间段。
调整调节的一个示例是使燃料喷嘴压力比变化以调整燃烧动态性能。在要求更高的燃烧温度以实现更高的火焰温度和更高的效率的情况下,轮机燃烧室必须在给定的燃烧室体积内释放更多的能量。通常通过提高燃烧反应区上游的燃料和空气的混合比来实现更好的排气排放。通常通过提高在燃料喷嘴释放装置处的压降来实现提高的混合比。随着燃烧室内混合比的提高,通过燃烧产生的湍流通常导致燃烧室内的噪音,并且可能导致产生声表面波(acoustic wave)。典型地,当燃烧火焰的声波与燃烧室体积或燃料系统自身的声学特性耦合时引起声表面波。
声表面波可能影响腔室中的内部压力。在燃料喷嘴附近的压力上升时,燃料流过喷嘴的速率和伴随的压降都下降。或者,在喷嘴附近的压力的下降会引起燃料流的增加。在低燃料喷嘴压降使燃料流震荡的情况下,燃烧室会经受放大的压力震荡。为了克服燃烧室内的压力震荡,监视燃烧动态性能并且可以修正燃料空气比和燃料喷嘴压力比以减轻或者消除燃烧室压力的不想要的变化,由此消除警报情形或者使燃烧系统回到可接受的燃烧动态性能水平。
如图2中所示,从传感器装置接收的关于燃烧室动态性能50、轮机排气排放40、以及其他相关轮机操作参数30的数据被通过DCS 20引导至调整控制器10。这些输入值随后与用于轮机的标准或目标操作数据进行比较。所存储的操作参数至少部分地是基于用于轮机的操作优先级设定的。在调整控制器10的主用户界面12上限定这些优先级设定,并且在图3中图示了这些优先级设定。基于这些优先级设定,通过DCS 20连接的调整控制器10对轮机的操作做出一系列调节。这些调节被引导至控制装置,包括燃料加热单元60(图1)和轮机的各种其它操作元素80(图2)。
如图3中所示的界面显示12包括开关(每个都具有开/关指示)。这些开关允许用户指明用于轮机操作的所希望的调整优先级。这些被切换的操作优先级包括最优NOx排放14、最优功率16和最优燃烧室动态性能18。这些开关中的每个都通过用户来设定以调节优选的轮机操作。在调整控制器内的是在通过开关设定的优先级内进行操作的功能。优选地,如果最优NOx排放开关12和最优功率开关14都被设定为“开”,则控制器10会以最优NOx模式进行操作,而非最优功率。因此,为了以最优功率模式进行操作,最优NOx排放开关12必须是“关”。图4示出了界面显示开关的相互关系的图示。
回到图2,示出了在调整控制器10内做出的确定和计算的逻辑流的图。调整控制器10通过轮机控制器30接收轮机的实际操作参数,通过CDMS 50接收燃烧室动态性能,并且通过CEMS 40接收轮机排气排放。该传感器数据通过DCS 20被引导至调整控制器10。所接收的传感器数据被与所存储的操作标准进行比较,以确定轮机操作是否与所希望的设定一致。这些操作标准是基于轮机的预设的操作优先级的,这些操作优先级是通过调整控制器10的主用户界面显示12上的开关14、16、18(图3)来限定的。
基于预设的操作优先级,硬编码的层次化的布尔逻辑方案确定基于操作优先级的主导调整判据。根据该逻辑选择,调整控制器10实施固定的步进调节值,用于在调节的最大范围内改变轮机的操作参数(例如高值和低值)。以持续的且预定的方向在预定的时间增量内做出调整改变,并且这些调整改变取决于目前的主导调整判据。所设想的是不做出公式化的或者功能性的计算以确定调整调节;而是将步进调节、调节的方向、调节之间的时间跨度以及用于每个参数和用于每个调整判据的调节的最大范围存储在调整控制器10中。
如图2中所示,调整控制器10确定排放是否一致(100)以及燃烧室动态性能在是否处于可接受水平(102)。如果两者都与所设定的操作标准一致,则调整控制器10等待来自CEMS 40或者CDMS 50的下一数据集合,或者等待其他操作数据80。如果所接收的数据与操作标准104不一致,则调整操作移动到下一调整步骤。轮机操作的逻辑调节是通过主导调整判据限定的(106),这至少部分地基于在用户界面12内设定的预设的操作优先级。
在优选的操作中,调整控制器10会首先尝试改变轮机燃烧室燃料开口(108)。燃料开口确定燃料流向每个燃烧室中的燃料喷嘴的分配。如果这些调节没有解决调整问题并且没有使操作数据返回到与操作标准一致,则进行进一步的调节。在某些情况下,下一个步进调节可以是燃料气体温度设定点的改变。在该调节步骤中,调整控制器10发送经修正的燃料气体入口温度信号给DCS 20,该信号被引导至燃料加热单元60。
如果对燃烧室燃料开口和/或燃料气体入口温度的修正没有解决调整问题(110),则调整控制器10会改变总体燃料/空气比率(112)。该方案利用在预定的时间量内固定的步进改变来对轮机热循环做出改变。该步骤旨在根据在调整控制器10的存储器内维持的、用于轮机操作的预定标准控制曲线,通过调节空气对燃料的比率来(向上或向下)调节排气温度。
在本发明中,所设想的是所有通过调整控制器引导的控制改变都通过DCS被反馈给轮机系统。在系统内的各种控制器装置内或者通过轮机控制器直接实施这些改变。当操作数据被返回到所希望的操作标准时,在通过DCS从传感器装置接收的非一致数据导致的警报期间,通过调整控制器来将调整设定保持在适当位置。
从调整控制器发送到轮机控制器的或者相关联的控制器装置的调节优选地是在幅度上固定的。因此,不使用新数据重新计算调节或者将调节最优化到目标。该调节部分上是“开环”的。一旦开始,该调节向预定的最大值或者在特定范围内的最大值进行步进移动,除非其间的调节使操作数据与操作标准一致。在大多数情况下,当完成了关于一个操作参数的全部步进范围时,调整控制器移动到通过预设的操作优先级限定的下一操作参数。基于在调整控制器的存储器内存储的“查找”表和预设的操作优先级,调整控制器的逻辑驱动操作参数调节。
调整控制器优选地一次处理一个操作参数。例如,主导调整判据指示要做出的第一个调整。在以上讨论的优选示例中,首先调节燃料分配/开口参数。如图2中所指示的,首先处理燃料电路1的燃料开口(即燃烧室内的中部喷嘴),随后是燃料电路2的开口(即燃烧室的外部喷嘴)。当需要时,燃料气体入口温度调节通常在燃料开口调节之后。在每个步骤内都有其后跟随着延时的步进调节以稳定所调节的轮机操作。在该延时之后,如果通过调整控制器分析出的当前操作数据指示轮机操作仍然在操作标准之外,则做出下一步进调节。对于每个步骤重复该模式。在大多数情况下,只有当完成一个调节步骤时,调整控制器才移动到下一操作参数。
调整控制器优选地控制燃烧操作,以在随时间变化且对轮机操作有显著影响的周围温度、湿度和压力的可变条件下维持适当的调整。调整控制器也可以在燃料成分变化期间维持轮机的调整。燃料成分的变化可以引起放热的改变,这可能导致不可接收的排放、不稳定的燃烧或者甚至是破裂。调整控制器优选地不用于调节燃料成分以进行补偿;确切地说,它调整操作参数(燃料气体分配、燃料气体入口温度和/或轮机燃料/空气比)以处理关于燃烧输出和释放的效果。
在其他的对动态性能的调整中,设想了替代的关于调节的顺序。例如,如果主导操作优先级是最优NOx排放,则可以跳过燃料温度调节,直接前进到操作控制曲线。然而,如果动态性能是操作优先级(并且最优NOx排放开关14是关闭的),则可以在前进到操作控制曲线之前进行步进燃料温度调节。或者,可以完全关闭根据操作控制曲线做出调节的步骤。
在图5至8中,示出了基于来自运行中的轮机系统的操作数据的本发明的调整控制器的调整操作的各种操作示例。在图5中,实现对燃烧室燃料开口的改变,以对在燃烧室动态性能移出设定的用于最优动态性能的操作优先级时所产生的动态性能警报做出反应。例如,从CDMS 50接收的实际燃烧室动态性能数据在图中被指示为CD。关于燃烧室动态性能的移动平均值在图中被标识为ACD。当燃烧室动态性能超过燃烧极限值DL持续了设定的时间段TA时,在调整控制器内发出警报。该警报引起第一事件E1和作为结果的对于燃烧室燃料开口调整参数的步进调节。如所图示的,燃料开口的步进增加引起燃烧室动态性能CD的相应下降,而平均燃烧室动态性能ACD下降到动态性能警报极限DL以下。随着时间的持续,通过调整控制器操控调整,并且平均燃烧室动态性能ACD维持其操作位置在动态性能极限DL以下。因而,不需要进一步的调节或者发出警报。
在图6中,调整判据是NOx排放。随着从调整控制器接收NOx排放数据NE,在经过了时间TA之后产生警报。由于NOx排放NE超过操作标准或者调整极限EL引起警报。警报激活了引起燃料开口FS的步进增加的第一事件E1。在从第一事件E1起的时间段T2后,由于NOx排放NE超过预设的调整极限EL,NOx警报仍然是激活的。这个在时间T2之后持续的警报引起第二事件E2和燃料开口值FS的第二次步进增加。该第二次增加等于第一次步进增加。第二事件E2在复查(review)时间段内引起NOx排放NE下降到预设的极限EL以下并且中止警报。由于NOx排放NE保持在预设的极限EL以下,因此保持燃料开口FS调整并且轮机操作借助所限定的操作参数持续进行。
在图7中,调整判据依然是NOx排放,其中借助于通过调整控制器接收的低读数创建了警报。如所示的,限定了NOx调整极限NL。在从接收到数据起经过了设定的时间段后,产生警报并且发生第一事件E1。在第一事件E1时,向下步进调节燃料开口。在从事件E1起经过设定的时间段后,接收另外的排放数据NE并且将其与预设的极限EL进行比较。因为NOx仍然在警报水平EL之下,所以出现第二事件E2导致了燃料开口值FS进一步减少。从事件E2起又经过了一段时间,并且接收了另外的数据。同样地,NOx数据是低的,维持了警报并且导致了进一步的事件E3。在事件E3时,燃料开口值FS的再次以相同的步进量减少。该第三次步进调节导致NOx排放NE升高到预设的极限EL之上并且导致警报的移除。在事件E3之后设定的燃料开口FS调整值通过调整控制器被保持在适当位置。
在图8中,通过调整控制器接收的NOx排放数据NE再次追随排放下限EL。在第一调整事件E1时,燃料开口值FS步进下降,导致了NOx排放NE相应地增加到下限EL之上。在第一次步进调节后,一段时间内NOx排放保持在极限EL之上并且随后又开始下降。在第二调整事件E2时,通过指示的固定步进值来再次调节燃料开口值FS。该第二次调节随后使燃料开口值FS处于值的预设范围内其限定的最小值处。这个极限值将调整操作移到下一操作参数,通常是第二燃料电路调节。在所提供的示例中,该第二电路值(未示出)已经位于其设定的最大/最小值处。因而,调整操作继续移到下一操作参数。调整操作移动到负载控制曲线。如所示的,在事件E2时,在负载控制曲线值LC中做出步进调节。LC值的增加导致NOx排放相应地增加到最小值EL之上的值并且移除警报。在移除警报后,保持调整设定并且不再做出调节。调整控制器随后通过DCS处理从传感器装置接收的数据,并且持续地与所设定的操作标准(包括最小NOx排放极限EL)做出比较。
图9A和9B是在所设想的发明内的调整控制器的操作的示意图。轮机的操作通过轮机的排放输出(NOx和CO)、轮机动态性能和火焰稳定性来限定。在图9A中,经调整的系统通过操作菱形(operational diamond)中部的优选操作包线来限定。该优选操作包线代表性地基于轮机系统的先前的启动或操作被人为设定。然而,天气变化(热和冷)和轮机系统内的机械变化引起操作菱形内的偏移。因此,希望进行调整以将轮机操作维持在优选的范围内。在图9B中,在操作菱形内设定限定的缓冲/边际,以用作关于轮机操作偏移到优选操作包线外的警告。一旦所感测的操作值中的一个达到限定的缓冲线或者极限,则产生警告以引起调整事件。基于偏移的方向,调整控制器创建预设反应以满足调整需要的特性。该预设反应是对轮机的操作参数进行的限定的步进变动(incremental shift),用作用于将轮机操作包线移回所希望的范围内并且远离缓冲极限的手段。
已经对本发明就其大量示例性实施例进行了描述和说明。本领域技术人员根据前述内容应该理解,可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,在其中做出各种改变、省略和添加,而本发明的范围是通过前述权利要求描述的。
Claims (17)
1.一种用于调整燃气轮机的操作的系统,所述轮机具有用于测量所述轮机的操作参数的传感器,所述操作参数包括燃烧室动态性能和轮机排气排放,所述轮机也具有用于调节所述轮机的各种操作控制元素的操作控制部以及用于所述传感器和所述操作控制部的通信链接,所述操作控制元素包括轮机燃料分配开口、入口燃料温度和燃料-空气比,所述系统包括:
控制器,其与所述传感器和所述操作控制部进行通信,所述控制器依照以下方式调整所述轮机的操作:
从所述传感器接收关于包括燃烧室动态性能和轮机排气排放的操作参数的操作数据;
比较所述操作数据和所存储的操作标准,并且确定轮机操作是否与所述操作标准一致,所述操作标准是基于操作优先级的;
与所述操作控制部进行通信,以对所述轮机的操作控制元素进行经选择的调节;
在传达所述经选择的调节后从所述传感器接收操作数据,以确定是否希望另外的步进调节;并且
在完成一系列步进调节后选择进一步的操作参数调节;并且
在进一步的操作调节后从所述传感器接收操作数据,以确定是否仍然希望进行进一步的调节。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中对所述轮机的操作控制元素的调节是从燃烧室的喷嘴内的燃烧室燃料分配开口、燃料气体入口温度以及所述轮机内的燃料-空气比中选择的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的系统,其中通过所述控制器进行的调整进一步包括设定用于轮机操作的操作优先级,所述操作优先级包括最优NOx排放、最优功率输出以及最优燃烧室动态性能中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的系统,其中在通过所述控制器进行的调整中,所存储的用于轮机操作的操作标准是基于所设定的操作优先级被选择的。
5.根据杈利要求3所述的系统,其中通过所述控制器进行的调整进一步包括确定用于所述轮机的非一致操作的主导调整判据,所述主导调整判据是基于所设定的操作优先级的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述控制器与所述传感器进行通信并且通过分布式控制系统DCS进行控制。
7.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述控制器选择具有固定步进值的操作控制元素调节。
8.根据权利要求7所述的系统,其中所述控制器选择的步进的控制元素调节在限定的范围内。
9.根据权利要求7所述的系统,其中每个步进调节都是经过对于所述轮机获得操作稳定性而言足够的限定的时间段被输入的。
10.根据权利要求9所述的系统,其中所述限定的时间段是固定的。
11.根据权利要求7所述的系统,其中通过所述控制器进行的调整进一步包括确定用于所述轮机的非一致操作的主导调整判据,所述主导调整判据是基于所设定的用于所述轮机的操作优先级的。
12.根据权利要求11所述的系统,其中操作控制元素的经选择的步进调节值是基于所述主导调整判据的。
13.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中进一步所选择的调节包括在限定的范围内的固定的步进值,其中每个进一步的步进调节都是经过对于所述轮机获得操作稳定性而言足够的设定的时间段被做出的。
14.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述进一步的操作参数是基于通过所述控制器所确定的主导调整判据被选择的。
15.一种用于调整燃气轮机的操作的控制器系统,所述轮机具有用于测量所述轮机的操作参数的传感器装置,用于控制所述轮机的各种操作控制元素的控制装置,以及用于所述传感器装置和所述控制装置的通信链接,所述操作参数包括来自所述轮机的烟道排放和燃烧动态性能,所述操作控制元素包括燃料分配开口、燃料-空气比和入口燃料温度,所述控制器系统包括:
用于为轮机操作设定操作优先级的装置,所述操作优先级包括最优NOx排放、最优功率输出以及最优燃烧室动态性能中的一种或多种;
用于与所述传感器装置进行通信以接收轮机操作数据的接收装置;
用于基于所设定的操作优先级来比较所接收的数据与预定的可允许值的集合、并且用于确定是否要求调整调节的装置;
用于与所述控制装置进行通信以对经选择的通过所述控制装置控制的操作控制元素进行限定的步进调节的引导装置;以及
用于确定所述步进调节是否使所述轮机操作与设定值一致或者是否要求进行进一步的调整的装置。
16.一种用于调整燃气轮机的操作的系统,所述轮机具有用于测量所述轮机操作参数的传感器装置,用于控制所述轮机的各种操作控制元素的控制装置,以及所述传感器装置和所述控制装置之间的通信链接,所述操作参数包括烟道排放和燃烧动态性能,所述操作控制元素包括燃料分配开口、入口燃料温度和燃料-空气比,所述系统包括:
计算机控制器,其通过所述通信链接与所述传感器装置和所述控制装置进行通信,所述计算机控制器按照以下方式调整所述轮机的操作:
从所述传感器装置接收操作数据;
比较所述操作数据和所存储的操作标准,并且确定是否需要所述控制装置的调节;
在确定要求的调节后通过所述通信链接与所述控制装置进行通信,以对所述轮机的操作参数进行限定的步进调节;并且
从所述传感器装置接收与所述轮机的经调节的操作有关的操作数据,并且比较所述操作数据和所存储的操作标准以确定是否需要对操作参数的进一步的步进调节。
17.一种调整燃气轮机操作的方法,所述轮机具有用于测量所述轮机的操作参数的传感器,用于控制所述轮机的各种操作控制元素的控制部,以及与所述传感器和所述控制部进行通信的分布式控制系统DCS,所述操作参数包括烟道排放和燃烧动态性能,所述操作控制元素包括燃料分配开口、入口燃料温度和燃料-空气比,所述方法包括:
建立与分布式控制系统DCS的通信链接,并且接收来自所述传感器的关于所述操作参数数据;
比较所接收的数据与设定的标准,以确定是否希望对操作控制元素进行调节;
与分布式控制系统DCS进行通信,以对通过所述控制部控制的、所述轮机的操作控制元素进行限定的步进调节;以及
通过分布式控制系统DCS从所述传感器接收与所述轮机的操作参数有关的另外的数据,并且确定所述调节是否使所述轮机的操作与设定的标准一致或者是否希望进一步的步进调节。
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CL2010000449A1 (es) | 2011-04-08 |
JP5244851B2 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
CN101881224A (zh) | 2010-11-10 |
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US20160201573A1 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
RU2443885C2 (ru) | 2012-02-27 |
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EP2249007A2 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
TW201102488A (en) | 2011-01-16 |
BRPI1001376B1 (pt) | 2020-11-17 |
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CN103362654A (zh) | 2013-10-23 |
EP2249007A3 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
US20130219906A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
BRPI1001376A2 (pt) | 2015-07-28 |
RU2010118491A (ru) | 2011-11-27 |
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US8437941B2 (en) | 2013-05-07 |
EP2249007B1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
AU2010201583A1 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
CA2701322C (en) | 2014-06-17 |
CA2701322A1 (en) | 2010-11-08 |
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