CN101839760A - Distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on relay amplifying and sensing technology and method thereof - Google Patents
Distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on relay amplifying and sensing technology and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101839760A CN101839760A CN201010179644A CN201010179644A CN101839760A CN 101839760 A CN101839760 A CN 101839760A CN 201010179644 A CN201010179644 A CN 201010179644A CN 201010179644 A CN201010179644 A CN 201010179644A CN 101839760 A CN101839760 A CN 101839760A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on the relay amplifying and sensing technology and a method thereof, belonging to the technical field of optical fiber vibration sensing. The system comprises a light source, an electro-optical modulator, a pulse driver, a light amplifier, a circulator, a polarizing beam splitter, a collector and a signal analysis processing system. The sensor is characterized in that the system also comprises a pumping laser light source and an optical remote sensing relay amplifying and sensing optical module. The pumping laser light source is arranged in the distributed optical fiber vibration sensing demodulation device and the optical remote sensing relay amplifying and sensing optical module is embedded between multistage sensing fibers. The passive optical modules of the pumping laser light source and optical remote sensing relay amplifying and sensing optical module perform long-distance connection through transmission fiber to form the light amplifier, the gain of the optical remote sensing relay amplifying and sensing optical module is utilized to overcome fibre loss, increase the intensity of the spontaneous Rayleigh scattering light of the optical fibre, enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of the distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system, enlarge the transmission distance of the system and increase the measurement accuracy of vibration events in the target area. The system is mainly used in the fields requiring long-distance measurement vibration signals such as perimeter safety precaution, border precaution, seismic detection and tsunami early warning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the distributed optical fiber vibration sensing field, relate in particular to a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on the relaying amplifying and sensing technology.The invention still further relates to a kind of vibration sensing method of the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on the relaying amplifying and sensing technology.
Background technology
Sensing alarm systems such as circumference safety precaution, border strick precaution, earthquake detection and tsunami early warning are ensureing that people's lives are stable, are bringing into play huge effect aspect the protection people life property safety, and the essence of this class signal is detection and analysis to vibration signal.Along with the development of optical device and optical communication technique, optical fiber sensing technology more and more is applied to sensory field, progressively replaces some traditional electrical sensors.
At present, the distributing optical fiber sensing technology is in the light field of sensing technologies application prospect to be arranged most, its ultimate principle is: the light that is sent by light source enters modulator zone through optical fiber, under the effect of measurand, variation has taken place in optical properties such as light intensity, wavelength, frequency, phase place, polarization state, make the signal that it becomes modulated, send into photo-detector and electric signal process unit through optical fiber again, finally obtain the information of object to be measured.
Wherein the long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration sensor can pass through one-shot measurement, can obtain optical fiber through the complete information of zone invasion disturbance.The zone that the long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration sensor need be surveyed is very big, and the longer the better to measure optical cable, yet loss can take place energy when light transmitted in optical fiber, and the more long meeting of fiber distance causes measuring inaccurate more, can't realize accurate location.
Summary of the invention
When extra long distance is measured, can't realize the accurately problem of location in order to solve existing distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device, the invention provides a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on the relaying amplifying and sensing technology.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: distributed optical fiber vibration sensor comprises (FBG) demodulator and transmission cable two parts, in (FBG) demodulator, the output terminal of narrow linewidth light source links to each other with the input end of electrooptic modulator, the output terminal of narrow pulse driver links to each other with the rf inputs of electrooptic modulator, the light output end of electrooptic modulator links to each other with the input end of image intensifer, the output terminal of image intensifer links to each other with the input end of optical fiber circulator, output terminal one end of optical fiber circulator connects sensor fibre, the other end connects polarization beam apparatus, first output terminal of polarization beam apparatus links to each other with the input end of first Optical Receivers, and second output terminal links to each other with the second Optical Receivers input end.The output terminal of two Optical Receivers links to each other with two input ends of double channel A collector respectively, and the output terminal of double channel A collector links to each other with the input end of analysis of vibration signal disposal system.
Embed the light remote sensing relaying of forming by light passive module, optical fiber circulator, fibre optic isolater and 2 * 2 fiber couplers in two sections sensing optic cable junctions of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor and amplify the sense light module.
The sensor fibre that optical fiber circulator in the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor (FBG) demodulator picks out is connected to the first input end of 2 * 2 fiber couplers, first output terminal of 2 * 2 fiber couplers links to each other with the input end of light passive module, the output terminal of light passive module links to each other with the input end of optical fiber circulator, the public output of optical fiber circulator links to each other with the back segment sensor fibre, the input end of feedback output end and fibre optic isolater links to each other, and second output terminal of the output terminal of fibre optic isolater and 2 * 2 fiber couplers links to each other.
The pumping laser light source of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor (FBG) demodulator inside amplifies the light passive module of sense light module to light remote sensing relaying by the sensor fibre long-distance transmissions, amplify the light passive module of sense light module with light remote sensing relaying and form image intensifer, amplify light pulse through the loss of leading portion sensor fibre.
This light remote sensing relaying amplifies the sense light module an input end and an output terminal, it embeds the junction of two sections optical fiber, two sections sensor fibres before and after connecting, the image intensifer of forming with the pumping laser light source of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor (FBG) demodulator inside amplifies the light pulse through the loss of leading portion sensor fibre.
The narrow linewidth continuous light of narrow linewidth light source output enters electrooptic modulator, the narrow linewidth pulsed light is made in effect downward modulation at narrow pulse driver, the narrow linewidth pulsed light is the required high-power narrow pulsed light of output after image intensifer amplifies, high-power narrow pulsed light is injected in the sensor fibre through optical fiber circulator, in sensor fibre, will produce rear orientation light, comprise Rayleigh scattering light.Rayleigh scattering light enters fibre optic polarizing beam splitter from the output terminal of optical fiber circulator, after fibre optic polarizing beam splitter separates, must carry the directions X polarization Rayleigh scattering light and the Y direction polarization Rayleigh scattering light of vibration signal, just finish the extraction work of carrying the vibration information light signal since then; The directions X polarization Rayleigh scattering light of separating from fibre optic polarizing beam splitter and Y direction polarization Rayleigh scattering light enters first Optical Receivers respectively again and second Optical Receivers carries out opto-electronic conversion, amplify through prime again, thereby finish the photodetection work of signal; This moment, signal converted electric signal to by light signal, carried out analog to digital conversion by the double channel A collector respectively, thereby obtained digital signal, by the analysis of vibration signal disposal system digital signal was carried out the invasion vibration information that signal processing analysis obtains whole defence area again.
In order to realize the very-long-range monitoring of this distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, increase light remote sensing relaying among the present invention between sensing optic cable and amplified the sense light module, pumping laser light source in the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor (FBG) demodulator amplifies the light passive module of sense light module to light remote sensing relaying by the Transmission Fibers long-distance transmissions, amplify the light passive module of sense light module with light remote sensing relaying and form the light pulse of image intensifer amplification, inject the back segment sensor fibre through the loss of leading portion sensor fibre.Adopt optical time domain reflection and interfere type measuring method, by carrying out cascade to introducing N light remote sensing relaying amplification sense light module between the multistage sensing optic cable, form N image intensifer with N the pumping laser light source that the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor (FBG) demodulator includes, to embed the optical cable of light remote control relay amplifier optical module and distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technological incorporation together, thereby realize N * L (L is every section sensor fibre length) very-long-range monitoring of location type very-long-range distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, and bearing accuracy is higher.
The present invention utilizes dexterously increases light remote sensing relaying amplification sense light module between the multistage sensing optic cable of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, the pumping laser light source that distributed optical fiber vibration sensing processor (FBG) demodulator includes amplifies the light passive module of sense light module to light remote sensing relaying by the Transmission Fibers long-distance transmissions, amplify the light passive module of sense light module with light remote sensing relaying and form the light pulse of image intensifer amplification through the loss of leading portion sensor fibre, strengthened the light pulse power that injects the back segment sensor fibre, thereby the back scattering light intensity that makes the back segment sensor fibre is subjected to relaying to be amplified, each sensing optic cable segmentation timesharing is measured, thereby improved the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of location type distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, increase the measuring distance of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, improved the vibration survey precision.
Among the present invention, light remote sensing relaying amplifies the sense light module and adopts the light passive module, the pumping laser light source that is included by the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor (FBG) demodulator provides energy by Transmission Fibers, make detecting optical cable after the distributed optical fiber vibration sensing disposal system, need not to provide again electric signal, when having avoided telemeasurement, the problem of the field power supply inconvenience that may occur, simultaneously, owing to when work, do not have electric signal around the transmission cable, make that optical cable is difficult for being detected, strengthened the confidentiality that optical cable is surveyed greatly.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 amplifies the structural representation of the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor of sense light module for band light remote sensing relaying;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that light remote sensing relaying amplifies the sense light module;
The primary clustering symbol description:
Narrow linewidth light source 1;
Electrooptic modulator 2;
Narrow pulse driver 3;
Image intensifer 4;
Optical fiber circulator 5;
Polarization beam apparatus 6;
First Optical Receivers 7;
Second Optical Receivers 8;
Double channel A collector 9;
Analysis of vibration signal disposal system 10;
Pumping laser light source 15;
Light remote sensing relaying amplifies sense light module G;
Light passive module 14;
2 * 2 fiber couplers 11;
Fibre optic isolater 12;
Optical fiber circulator 13;
Embodiment
Present embodiment provides a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor and method for sensing thereof based on light remote sensing relaying amplifying technique, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is elaborated.
Described long-distance distribution formula optical fibre vibration sensor comprises (FBG) demodulator and transmission cable, and (FBG) demodulator comprises: narrow linewidth light source 1, electrooptic modulator 2, narrow pulse driver 3, image intensifer 4, optical fiber circulator 5, polarization beam apparatus 6, first Optical Receivers 7, second Optical Receivers 8, double channel A collector 9, analysis of vibration signal disposal system 10, pumping laser light source 15, light remote sensing relaying amplify sense light module G, light passive module 14,2 * 2 fiber couplers 11, fibre optic isolater 12, optical fiber circulator 13.
The output terminal of narrow linewidth light source 1 links to each other with the input end of electrooptic modulator 2, the output terminal of narrow pulse driver 3 links to each other with the rf inputs of electrooptic modulator 2, the output terminal of electrooptic modulator 2 links to each other with the input end of image intensifer 4, the output terminal of image intensifer 4 links to each other with the input end of optical fiber circulator 5, output terminal one end of optical fiber circulator 5 connects sensor fibre, the other end connects polarization beam apparatus 6, first output terminal of polarization beam apparatus 6 links to each other with the input end of first Optical Receivers 7, and second output terminal links to each other with second Optical Receivers, 8 input ends.The output terminal of two Optical Receivers links to each other with the input end of double channel A collector 9, and the output terminal of double channel A collector 9 links to each other with the input end of analysis of vibration signal disposal system 10.
Embed the light remote sensing relaying of forming by light passive module 14, optical fiber circulator 13, optoisolator 12 and 2 * 2 fiber couplers 11 in two sections sensor fibre junctions of long-distance distribution formula optical fibre vibration sensor and amplify sense light module G.The leading portion sensor fibre that connects out from the optical fiber circulator of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system is connected to the input end of 2 * 2 fiber couplers 11, first output terminal of 2 * 2 fiber couplers 11 links to each other with the input end of light passive module 14, the output terminal of light passive module 14 links to each other with the input end of optical fiber circulator 13, the public output of optical fiber circulator 13 links to each other with the back segment sensor fibre, feedback output end links to each other with the input end of fibre optic isolater 12, and the output terminal of fibre optic isolater 12 links to each other with second output terminal of 2 * 2 fiber couplers 11.
The pumping laser light source 15 that location type distributed optical fiber vibration sensing disposal system includes amplifies the light passive module 14 of sense light module G and forms image intensifers by the light passive module 14 of Transmission Fibers long-distance transmissions to light remote sensing relaying amplification sense light module G with light remote sensing relaying.
The narrow linewidth continuous light of narrow linewidth light source 1 output enters electrooptic modulator 2, the narrow linewidth pulsed light is made in effect downward modulation at narrow pulse driver 3, the narrow linewidth pulsed light is the required high-power narrow pulsed light of output after image intensifer 4 amplifies, high-power narrow pulsed light is injected in the sensor fibre through optical fiber circulator 5, in sensor fibre, will produce rear orientation light, comprise Rayleigh scattering light.The N of phase cascade the image intensifer amplification of being made up of pumping laser light source 15 and light remote sensing relaying amplification sense light module G enters fibre optic polarizing beam splitter 6 by optical fiber circulator 5 after the light pulse of leading portion sensor fibre 16 losses, after fibre optic polarizing beam splitter 6 separates, must carry the directions X polarization Rayleigh scattering light and the Y direction polarization Rayleigh scattering light of vibration signal, just finish the extraction work of carrying the vibration information light signal since then; The directions X polarization Rayleigh scattering light of separating from fibre optic polarizing beam splitter 6 and Y direction polarization Rayleigh scattering light enters first Optical Receivers 7 more respectively and second Optical Receivers 8 carries out opto-electronic conversion, amplify through prime again, thereby finish the photodetection work of signal; This moment, signal converted electric signal to by light signal, carry out analog to digital conversion by double channel A collector 9 respectively, thereby obtain digital signal, carry out the invasion vibration information that signal processing analysis obtains whole defence area by 10 pairs of digital signals of analysis of vibration signal disposal system again.
In order to realize the very-long-range monitoring of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, increase light remote sensing relaying among the present invention between sensing optic cable and amplified sense light module G, the pumping laser light source 15 that the distributed optical fiber vibration sensing disposal system includes amplifies the light passive module 14 of sense light module G to light remote sensing relaying by the optical fiber long-distance transmissions, amplify the light passive module 14 of sense light module G with light remote sensing relaying and form the light pulse of image intensifer amplification through the loss of leading portion sensor fibre, strengthened the light pulse power that injects the back segment sensor fibre, thereby the spontaneous back scattering light intensity that makes the rear end sensor fibre is subjected to relaying to be amplified, each sensing optic cable segmentation timesharing is measured, adopt optical time domain reflection and interfere type measuring method, by carrying out cascade to introducing N light remote sensing relaying amplification sense light module between the multistage sensing optic cable, with the optical cable that embeds light remote control relay amplifier optical module and the technological incorporation of location type distributed optical fiber vibration sensing together, thus N * L (L is every section sensor fibre length) very-long-range of realizing location type very-long-range distributed optical fiber vibration sensor is monitored.
Described narrow linewidth light source 1 is a kind of LASER Light Source, the present invention select for use output narrow linewidth continuous light (≤3kHz).
Described electrooptic modulator 2 is a kind of high speed electro-optical converters, and electrooptic modulator drives through the burst pulse driving circuit will import the required burst pulse light of narrow linewidth continuous light modulation output.
Described narrow pulse driver 3 can be electrooptic modulator 2 back bias control signal and drive pulse signal is provided.
Described image intensifer 4 is a kind of optical amplifiers, gain 30dB.
Described optical fiber circulator 5 comprises an input end, an output terminal and a feedback end, its input end links to each other with the output terminal of image intensifer 4, be used to receive the light pulse after image intensifer 4 amplifies, its feedback end links to each other with sensor fibre 16, be used for the light pulse after sensor fibre 16 injects described amplification, and being received in the rear orientation light that produces in the sensor fibre 16, its output terminal outputs to 1 * 2 polarization beam apparatus 6 with the rear orientation light that receives.
Described pumping laser light source 15 amplifies the light passive module 14 of sense light module G and forms image intensifers by the light passive module 14 of optical fiber long-distance transmissions to light remote sensing relaying amplification sense light module G with light remote sensing relaying.
Described integrated smooth remote control relaying amplifies optical module G and comprises an input end and an output terminal, it is made up of light passive module 14, optical fiber circulator 13, optoisolator 12 and 2 * 2 fiber couplers 11, its effect is two sections sensing optic cables before and after connecting, leading portion optical cable output optical pulse amplified be input into back segment optical fiber, and the back of back segment optical fiber returned from input end feedback output to Rayleigh scattering signal, thereby realize the full optic fibre characteristic of measure field.
The optical fiber circulator 13 that integrated smooth remote control relaying amplifies among the optical module G comprises an input end, an output terminal and a feedback end, its input end links to each other with the output terminal of light passive module 14, be used to receive the light pulse of light passive module 14 outputs, its feedback end links to each other with the back segment sensor fibre, be used for injecting described light pulse to the back segment sensor fibre, and being received in produce in the sensor fibre back to Rayleigh scattering light, its output terminal is with the rear orientation light output that receives;
Leading portion sensor fibre 16 is connected to the input end of 2 * 2 fiber couplers 11, the output terminal of 2 * 2 fiber couplers 11 links to each other with the input end of light passive module 14, the output terminal of light passive module links to each other with the input end of optical fiber circulator, one of two output terminal of optical fiber circulator link to each other with the back segment sensor fibre, one links to each other with the input end of fibre optic isolater, and the output terminal of fibre optic isolater links to each other with the input end of 2 * 2 fiber couplers
Here description of the invention and application is illustrative, is not to want with scope restriction of the present invention in the above-described embodiments.Here the distortion of disclosed embodiment and change are possible, and the various parts of the replacement of embodiment and equivalence are known for those those of ordinary skill in the art.Those skilled in the art are noted that under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, and the present invention can be with other forms, structure, layout, ratio, and realize with other elements, material and parts.
Claims (8)
1. distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on the relaying amplifying and sensing technology, comprise light source, electrooptic modulator, pulse driver, image intensifer, circulator, polarization beam apparatus, collector, signal analysis and processing system, it is characterized in that: this sensor comprises that also pumping laser light source and light remote sensing relaying amplify the sense light module.
2. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on the relaying amplifying and sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pumping laser light source is connected by Transmission Fibers with the light passive module that light remote sensing relaying amplifies in the sense light module, forms image intensifer.
3. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on the relaying amplifying and sensing technology according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described smooth remote sensing relaying amplifies the sense light module and comprises light passive module, 2 * 2 fiber couplers, fibre optic isolater, optical fiber circulator.
4. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor according to claim 3 based on the relaying amplifying and sensing technology, it is characterized in that: described smooth remote sensing relaying amplifies the sense light inside modules, first output terminal of 2 * 2 fiber couplers links to each other with the input end of light passive module, the output terminal of light passive module links to each other with the input end of optical fiber circulator, the public output of optical fiber circulator links to each other with the back segment sensor fibre, the input end of feedback output end and fibre optic isolater links to each other, and second output terminal of the output terminal of fibre optic isolater and 2 * 2 fiber couplers links to each other.
5. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on the relaying amplifying and sensing technology according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described smooth remote sensing relaying amplifies the sense light module and embeds multistage sensing optical fiber junction, two sections sensor fibres before and after connecting.
6. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on the relaying amplifying and sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pumping laser light source is arranged on distributed optical fiber vibration sensor (FBG) demodulator inside.
7. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor according to claim 1 based on the relaying amplifying and sensing technology, it is characterized in that: can between the multistage sensor fibre, insert N light remote sensing relaying and amplify the sense light module, form N image intensifer of cascade mutually with N pumping laser light source of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor (FBG) demodulator inside.
8. the vibration sensing method of a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor based on the relaying amplifying and sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
(a), the narrow linewidth light source is input to electrooptic modulator with the narrow linewidth continuous light;
(b), electrooptic modulator is modulated into the narrow linewidth pulsed light with the narrow linewidth continuous light under the narrow pulse modulator effect, after be input to image intensifer;
(c), narrow linewidth pulsed light required high-power narrow pulsed light of output after image intensifer amplifies;
(d), high-power narrow pulsed light is injected in the sensor fibre through optical fiber circulator, in sensor fibre, produce rear orientation light, comprise Rayleigh scattering light, the back is amplified image intensifer amplification that the sense light module the forms light pulse through the loss of leading portion sensor fibre to the N of Rayleigh scattering light by the phase cascade by pumping laser light source and light remote sensing relaying, enters fibre optic polarizing beam splitter by optical fiber circulator;
(e), rear orientation light must carry the directions X polarization Rayleigh scattering light and the Y direction polarization Rayleigh scattering light of vibration signal after fibre optic polarizing beam splitter separates;
(f), the directions X polarization Rayleigh scattering light of separating from fibre optic polarizing beam splitter and Y direction polarization Rayleigh scattering light enters an APD Optical Receivers respectively and the 2nd APD Optical Receivers carries out opto-electronic conversion;
(g), after directions X polarization Rayleigh scattering light and Y direction polarization Rayleigh scattering light convert electric signal to by light signal, carry out analog to digital conversion by the double channel A collector respectively, thereby obtain digital signal;
(h), the analysis of vibration signal disposal system is carried out the invasion vibration information that signal processing analysis obtains whole defence area to digital signal.
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| CN105258781A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Optical fiber vibration detection system and optical fiber vibration detection method |
| CN106323443A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-11 | 威海北洋光电信息技术股份公司 | Long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device and realization method thereof |
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