CN106323443A - Long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device and realization method thereof - Google Patents
Long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device and realization method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106323443A CN106323443A CN201610782638.4A CN201610782638A CN106323443A CN 106323443 A CN106323443 A CN 106323443A CN 201610782638 A CN201610782638 A CN 201610782638A CN 106323443 A CN106323443 A CN 106323443A
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- optical fiber
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of pipeline safety monitoring, and specifically relates to a long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device employing optical fibers as sensors and a realization method thereof. The device is characterized in that the device comprises a pulse source, an optical fiber amplifier, a circulator, detection optical fibers, a relay amplification module, a backward amplification module, a narrowband filter, a signal detection module, an acquisition module, a synchronous control module, a host computer, a coupler, two wavelength division multiplexers, two amplification laser sources, two feedback detection modules, and power supply control modules. Compared with the prior art, according to the device, the monitoring distance of the system can be further extended, the application cost is obviously reduced, the economic benefit is substantially increased, the system design employs the optical time domain reflection positioning technology, the phase sensitive recognition technology, the distributed amplification technology, the remote signal control technology and the signal multi-resolution extraction technology, and the optical signal transmission distance and the signal analysis recognition capability are effectively increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to monitoring pipeline safety field, a kind of use optical fiber to divide as the distance of sensor
Cloth fiber-optic vibration monitoring device and its implementation.
Technical background
Along with the development of Fibre Optical Communication Technology, optical fiber sensing technology the most progressively rises.The detected object of Fibre Optical Sensor is very
Extensively, comprise the different kinds of parameters such as temperature, humidity, strain, acceleration, vibration, voltage, electric current, have simultaneously highly sensitive, electric absolutely
Edge is good, electromagnetism interference, certainty of measurement advantages of higher, has wide application market.Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques be by
Optical fiber is i.e. as sensing unit, again as the medium of signal transmission, it is achieved the object of optical fiber space distributed areas is all monitored, tool
Have outside the advantage of Fibre Optical Sensor, also there is monitoring distance length, apply the features such as flexible, it is adaptable to petroleum and petrochemical industry, large-scale building, electricity
Field is monitored at power, harbour etc. on a large scale.Distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technology mainly applies monitoring pipeline safety field, its design
Principle comprises Mach-Zehnder interferometer technology, white light interference technique and phase sensitive OTDR technique.Mach-Zehnder interferometer skill
Art design architecture is simple, but comes lecture for distance and affected by polarization is weak, causes Position location accuracy extreme difference, application to be imitated
The most bad；White light interference technique hardware cost is low, but zero-point positioning algorithm difficulty is high, simultaneously by the same meeting of surrounding interference
The problem that there is Position location accuracy difference, it is impossible to meet application；Phase sensitive OTDR technique is accurately positioned by time domain, and it is fixed not exist
Position offset issue, has been successfully applied in monitoring pipeline safety the most.Existing oil-gas pipeline is about tens kilometers of public affairs the most up to a hundred
In, existing distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system monitoring distance is about 50km, needs several system compound mode to realize pipeline
Monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to shortcoming and defect present in prior art, it is proposed that a kind of can further extend system
Monitoring distance, application cost substantially reduces, remarkable in economical benefits promote long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device and
Implementation method.
The present invention can be reached by following measures:
A kind of long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device, its feature comprises: pulse source, fiber amplifier, circulator,
Detection optical fiber, relaying amplification module, backward amplification module, narrow band filter, acquisition of signal module, acquisition module, Synchronization Control
Module, host computer, bonder (splitting ratio is 1:99), 2 wavelength division multiplexers, 2 amplify lasing light emitter, 2 feedback detection modules,
Energy supply control module, wherein pulse source output is connected with the input of fiber amplifier, the outfan of fiber amplifier and annular
1 port of device is connected, and circulator 2 port is connected with detection optical fiber 1, the detection optical fiber other end and the input relaying amplification module
Being connected, outfan connects detection optical fiber 2, and the other end of detection optical fiber 2 connects backward amplification module, circulator 3 port and arrowband
Wave filter COM end be connected, transmission end is connected with acquisition of signal module optical fiber interface, acquisition of signal module simulation analogue signal with adopt
Collecting module input to be connected, the port of acquisition module communication interface corresponding with host computer is connected, and PC control port is with same
Step control module is connected, the output of synchronization control module input Tong Bu with light-pulse generator, the triggering end phase of acquisition module respectively
Even.
Light-pulse generator of the present invention uses super-narrow line width laser instrument, and its pulse realizes can be real by internal circuit modulation
Existing, it is possible to be realized by external modulator；Described fiber amplifier, strengthens pulse source signal, and amplifier peak power is defeated
Go out more than 2W, erbium-doped fiber amplifier can be used to realize；Described relaying amplification module, is to be believed with amplification source by light signal
Number jointly it is linked in the detection optical fiber of outfan, carries out distributed air-defense by being excited effect, amplify source power and be more than
300mW；Described backward amplification module, is reversely to be input in detection optical fiber in amplification source, sees in optical fiber by being excited effect
Light signal carry out distributed air-defense；Described narrow band filter, is the noise filter factor such as fiber-optic transfer, amplification caused
Removing, retain the optical signal really carrying vibration information, filtering bandwidth is less than 100GHz, and isolation is more than 50dB；Described letter
Number detecting module, it is achieved the translation function of photoelectricity, in combination with small signals amplification circuit design and analog signal processing, photoelectricity turns
Change rear amplification effect and meet 103～104, there is preliminary signals and process design；Described acquisition module, sampling rate 10M～
100MSPS can set, it is simple to different length flexible Application, gathers transmission concurrent working, and data uploading speed is not less than 200MB/s；
Described wavelength division multiplexer, as the bridge amplifying laser input, it is desirable to meets light source and amplifies the wavelength multiplexing of lasing light emitter, and 3
Port is respectively public com port, light source mouth and amplifies laser port；Described amplification lasing light emitter, wavelength is pulse source wavelength shortwave
Long frequency displacement 13.2THz, amplifies source power more than 300mW；Whether described feedback detection module, connect detection optical fiber front-end module
Connect electricity detect and feed back, in this, as whether opening amplification lasing light emitter, as the intelligent judgment function of application；Described
Energy supply control module, is the identification judged result by feedback detection module, carries out being turned on and off amplifying lasing light emitter.
The invention allows for the implementation method of a kind of long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps:
Step 1: pulse source sends laser pulse, carries out signal amplification through fiber amplifier, as light signal；
Step 2: light signal is transported in the actual detection optical fiber 1 laid through 2 ports of circulator, each in optical fiber
Pulsed light in-position, place all can produce Rayleigh scattering signal, and ambient vibration about can be loaded into Rayleigh scattering signal
In, cause its phase place to change；
Step 3: light source transmits because its decay causes energy to decline after reaching 25km in detection optical fiber 1, and it scatters letter
Number energy is greatly lowered, and through relaying amplification module, light source enters detection optical fiber 2 jointly with amplifying laser, amplify laser because of
Raman effect energy shifts；
Step 4: along with the increase of transmission range, the energy of amplification module only can transmit the half to detection optical fiber 2, is about
45km；
Step 5: backward amplification module inputs from the end of detection optical fiber 2, is complementary to one another with amplification module, plays two-way putting
Big effect, it is ensured that the length of detection optical fiber 2 is up to 90km；
Step 6: carry the Rayleigh signal 2 ports through circulator of vibration information in detection optical fiber 1 and detection optical fiber 2
Entering, 3 ports export narrow band filter, filter because of the noise signal of the non-transfer part of amplification module energy；
Step 7: it is the signal of telecommunication that filtered signal sends into acquisition of signal module converter, and after being amplified and processing, output
Numeral conversion is carried out to acquisition module；
Step 8: control module is simultaneously emitted by synchronizing signal, controls pulse source and acquisition module, it is ensured that gather data simultaneously
Time accuracy, for time domain position；
Step 9: the digital information that collects is sent into host computer and carried out signal processing, simultaneously host computer send control command to
Control module；
Step 10: relaying amplification module and rear end amplification module design remote control so that it is open with front end main frame
Carry out with closing synchronization；
Step 11: detection optical fiber 1 connects the input of relaying amplification module, by bonder (1:99) by signal after input
Being divided into two-way, a road of 1%, as detectable signal, enters feedback detection module 1 (14), by after analyzing exporting result to electricity
Source control circuit 1, is controlled amplifying laser instrument 1 opening and closing；99% 1 tunnel is through wavelength division multiplexer 1 and laser amplifier
The recovery of device 1 is used as output and enters detection optical fiber 2；
Step 12: detection optical fiber 2 connects the port of rear end amplification module, it directly enters feedback by wavelength division multiplexer 2
Detecting module 2, by result being exported after analyzing to power control circuit 2, controls amplifying laser instrument 2 opening and closing
System；Amplify laser instrument 2 to be exported in detection optical fiber 2 by wavelength division multiplexer.
The present invention, relative to prior art, has the monitoring distance that can further extend system, and application cost is obvious
Reduce, the advantage such as remarkable in economical benefits lifting, system be designed with optical time domain reflection location technology, phase sensitive identification technology,
Distributed air-defense technology, remote signal control technology and signal many resolutions extractive technique, effectively promote optical signal transmission distance and
Signal analysis identification ability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is distribution type fiber-optic long-distance pipe safety monitoring system implementation method block diagram
Fig. 2 is that relaying amplification module device constitutes schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is that backward amplification module device constitutes schematic diagram
Reference: 1, pulse source, 2 fiber amplifiers, 3, circulator, 4, detection optical fiber 1,5, relaying amplification module, 6,
Detection optical fiber 2,7, backward amplification module, 8, narrow band filter, 9, acquisition of signal module, 10, acquisition module, 11, host computer,
12, synchronization control module, 13, bonder (1:99), 14 wavelength division multiplexers 1,15, amplify lasing light emitter 1,16, energy supply control module
1,17, feedback detection module 1,18, wavelength division multiplexer 2,19, feedback detection module 2,20, amplification lasing light emitter 2,21, power supply control
Module 2.
Detailed description of the invention
The detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
First, pulse source (1) sends laser pulse, carries out signal amplification, as light signal through fiber amplifier (2)；
Second, light signal is transported in the actual detection optical fiber 1 (4) laid through 2 ports of circulator (3), optical fiber
Pulsed light in-position, middle everywhere all can produce Rayleigh scattering signal, and ambient vibration about can be loaded into Rayleigh scattering
In signal, its phase place is caused to change；
3rd, light source transmits after reaching 25km because its decay causes energy to decline in detection optical fiber 1 (4), its scattering
Signal energy is greatly lowered, and through relaying amplification module (5), light source enters detection optical fiber 2 (6) jointly with amplifying laser, puts
Big laser shifts because of Raman effect energy；
4th, along with the increase of transmission range, the energy of amplification module (5) only can transmit to detection optical fiber 2 (6)
Half, about 45km；
5th, backward amplification module (7) inputs from the end of detection optical fiber 2 (6), is complementary to one another with amplification module (5), rises
To Bi-directional amplifier effect, it is ensured that the length of detection optical fiber 2 (6) is up to 90km；
6th, detection optical fiber 1 (4) and detection optical fiber 2 (6) carry the Rayleigh signal of vibration information through circulator
(3) 2 ports enter, and 3 ports export narrow band filter (8), filter because of amplification module (5) (7) the non-transfer part of energy
Noise signal；
7th, filtered signal is sent into acquisition of signal module (9) and is converted into the signal of telecommunication, and after being amplified and processing, defeated
Go out and carry out numeral conversion to acquisition module (10)；
8th, control module (12) is simultaneously emitted by synchronizing signal, controls pulse source (1) and acquisition module (10) simultaneously, protects
Card gathers the time accuracy of data, positions for time domain；
9th, the digital information collected is sent into host computer (11) and is carried out signal processing, and host computer (11) sends control simultaneously
System order is to control module (12)；
Tenth, relaying amplification module (5) and rear end amplification module (7) design remote control so that it is with front end main frame
Opening and closing synchronization is carried out；
11st, detection optical fiber 1 (4) connects the input of relaying amplification module (5), by bonder (1:99) after input
(13) signal being divided into two-way, a road of 1%, as detectable signal, enters feedback detection module 1 (14), by tying after analyzing
Fruit output, to power control circuit 1 (17), is controlled amplifying laser instrument 1 (16) opening and closing；99% 1 tunnel is through ripple
Division multiplexer 1 (15) is used as output entrance detection optical fiber 2 (6) with the recovery of laser amplifier 1 (16)；
12nd, detection optical fiber 2 (6) connects the port of rear end amplification module (7), and it is directly by wavelength division multiplexer 2
(18) feedback detection module 2 (19) is entered, by result being exported to power control circuit 2 (21) after analyzing, to amplifying laser
Device 2 (20) opens and closes and is controlled；Amplify laser instrument 2 (20) to be exported in detection optical fiber 2 (6) by wavelength division multiplexer.
The present invention, relative to prior art, has the monitoring distance that can further extend system, and application cost is obvious
Reduce, the advantage such as remarkable in economical benefits lifting, system be designed with optical time domain reflection location technology, phase sensitive identification technology,
Distributed air-defense technology, remote signal control technology and signal many resolutions extractive technique, effectively promote optical signal transmission distance and
Signal analysis identification ability.
Claims (5)
1. a long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device, it is characterised in that be provided with pulse source, fiber amplifier, annular
Device, detection optical fiber, relaying amplification module, backward amplification module, narrow band filter, acquisition of signal module, acquisition module, synchronization control
Molding block, host computer, bonder (splitting ratio is 1:99), 2 wavelength division multiplexers, 2 amplifications lasing light emitter, 2 feedback detection moulds
Block, energy supply control module, wherein pulse source output is connected with the input of fiber amplifier, the outfan of fiber amplifier and ring
1 port of shape device is connected, and circulator 2 port is connected with detection optical fiber 1, the detection optical fiber other end and the input relaying amplification module
End is connected, and outfan connects detection optical fiber 2, and the other end of detection optical fiber 2 connects backward amplification module, and circulator 3 port is with narrow
Band filter COM end be connected, transmission end is connected with acquisition of signal module optical fiber interface, acquisition of signal module simulation analogue signal and
Acquisition module input be connected, the port of acquisition module communication interface corresponding with host computer be connected, PC control port with
Synchronization control module is connected, the output of synchronization control module input Tong Bu with light-pulse generator, the triggering end of acquisition module respectively
It is connected.
A kind of long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described arteries and veins
Source of washing off uses super-narrow line width laser instrument, and its pulse realizes to be realized by internal circuit modulation, it is possible to pass through external modulator
Realize；Described fiber amplifier, strengthens pulse source signal, and the output of amplifier peak power, more than 2W, can use er-doped light
Fiber amplifier realizes；Described relaying amplification module, is linked into outfan by light signal jointly with amplifying source signal
In detection optical fiber, carry out distributed air-defense by being excited effect, amplify source power more than 300mW；Described backward amplification module,
It is that amplification source is reversely input in detection optical fiber, carries out distributed air-defense by being excited the light signal that effect is shown in optical fiber.
A kind of long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described is narrow
Band filter, is the noise filtering factor such as fiber-optic transfer, amplification caused, and retains the optical signal really carrying vibration information,
Filtering bandwidth is less than 100GHz, and isolation is more than 50dB；Described acquisition of signal module, it is achieved the translation function of photoelectricity, with
Time combine small signals amplification circuit design and analog signal processing, after opto-electronic conversion, amplification effect meets 103～104, have preliminary
Signal processing designs；Described acquisition module, sampling rate 10M～100MSPS can set, it is simple to different length flexible Application, adopt
Collection transmission concurrent working, data uploading speed is not less than 200MB/s；Described wavelength division multiplexer, as amplifying laser input
Bridge, it is desirable to meet light source and amplify the wavelength multiplexing of lasing light emitter, 3 ports are respectively public com port, light source mouth and amplify laser
Mouthful；Described amplification lasing light emitter, wavelength is pulse source wavelength short wavelength frequency displacement 13.2THz, amplifies source power more than 300mW.
A kind of long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described is anti-
Whether feedback detecting module, connect to power on to detection optical fiber front-end module and detect and feed back, in this, as whether opening amplification
Lasing light emitter, as the intelligent judgment function of application；Described energy supply control module, is to be judged by the identification of feedback detection module
As a result, carry out being turned on and off amplifying lasing light emitter.
5. the implementation method of a long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration monitoring device, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: pulse source sends laser pulse, carries out signal amplification through fiber amplifier, as light signal；
Step 2: light signal is transported in the actual detection optical fiber 1 laid through 2 ports of circulator, everywhere arteries and veins in optical fiber
Washing in-position off and all can produce Rayleigh scattering signal, ambient vibration about can be loaded in Rayleigh scattering signal, draw
Play its phase place to change；
Step 3: light source transmits because its decay causes energy to decline after reaching 25km in detection optical fiber 1, its scattered signal energy
Amount is greatly lowered, and through relaying amplification module, light source enters detection optical fiber 2 jointly with amplifying laser, amplifies laser Yin Laman
Effect energy shifts；
Step 4: along with the increase of transmission range, the energy of amplification module only can transmit the half to detection optical fiber 2, is about
45km；
Step 5: backward amplification module inputs from the end of detection optical fiber 2, is complementary to one another with amplification module, plays Bi-directional amplifier and makees
With, it is ensured that the length of detection optical fiber 2 is up to 90km；
Step 6: the Rayleigh signal carrying vibration information in detection optical fiber 1 and detection optical fiber 2 enters through 2 ports of circulator
Entering, 3 ports export narrow band filter, filter because of the noise signal of the non-transfer part of amplification module energy；
Step 7: it is the signal of telecommunication that filtered signal sends into acquisition of signal module converter, and after being amplified and processing, output is adopted
Collection module carries out numeral conversion；
Step 8: control module is simultaneously emitted by synchronizing signal, controls pulse source and acquisition module simultaneously, it is ensured that gather data time
Between accuracy, for time domain position；
Step 9: the digital information collected is sent into host computer and carried out signal processing, and host computer sends control command to controlling simultaneously
Module；
Step 10: relaying amplification module and rear end amplification module design remote control so that it is open with front end main frame and close
Close synchronization to carry out；
Step 11: detection optical fiber 1 connects the input of relaying amplification module, is divided into by signal by bonder (1:99) after input
Two-way, a road of 1%, as detectable signal, enters feedback detection module 1 (14), by after analyzing exporting result to power supply control
Circuit 1 processed, is controlled amplifying laser instrument 1 opening and closing；99% 1 tunnel is through wavelength division multiplexer 1 and laser amplifier 1
Recovery be used as output enter detection optical fiber 2；
Step 12: detection optical fiber 2 connects the port of rear end amplification module, it directly enters feedback detection by wavelength division multiplexer 2
Module 2, by result being exported after analyzing to power control circuit 2, is controlled amplifying laser instrument 2 opening and closing；Put
Big laser instrument 2 is exported in detection optical fiber 2 by wavelength division multiplexer.
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| CN110336605A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-15 | 广东复安科技发展有限公司 | A kind of fiber optic interferometric sensing positioning system of long range pinpoint accuracy |
| CN110450824A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-15 | 深圳市科安达轨道交通技术有限公司 | A kind of railway signal monitoring system based on multi-channel optical fibre communication |
| CN110474679A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十四研究所 | A kind of submarine optical fiber cable disturbance monitoring system and operation method based on remote-pumped amplifier |
| CN114526809A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-24 | 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) | Ultra-long distance distributed optical fiber vibration sensing detection method and device |
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| CN110336605A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-15 | 广东复安科技发展有限公司 | A kind of fiber optic interferometric sensing positioning system of long range pinpoint accuracy |
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Application publication date: 20170111 |