CN101246025A - Wide-field full-optical fiber perturbance locating signal time gain control device - Google Patents
Wide-field full-optical fiber perturbance locating signal time gain control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101246025A CN101246025A CNA2008100244848A CN200810024484A CN101246025A CN 101246025 A CN101246025 A CN 101246025A CN A2008100244848 A CNA2008100244848 A CN A2008100244848A CN 200810024484 A CN200810024484 A CN 200810024484A CN 101246025 A CN101246025 A CN 101246025A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a temporal gain control device of wide area all-fiber disturbed positioning signals, which has the following structure: a signal emitting end of an LD laser device (101) is connected with a signal coupling end of an optical fiber splitter (103) through an optical fiber amplifier (102), and a drive end of the LD laser device (101) is connected with a PCI interface of a positioning host (109); a sensor optical fiber (104) is serially connected with a signal splitting end of the optical fiber splitter (103), the other signal splitting end of the optical fiber splitter (103) is connected with a signal inlet of an optical filter (105), and an optical signal outlet of the optical filter (105) is serially and sequentially connected with a photoelectric detector (106), an amplifier (107) and an A/D sampling card (108) and outputs into the positioning host (109) so as to implement signal processing; the amplifier (107) has a path control end which is connected with a TGC control circuit (110) that controls amplifying gain coefficients of the amplifier (107) to the close and remote ends of the sensor optical fiber (104).
Description
Technical field
The present invention is used for the pipe monitoring of all kinds of conveying danger or high value chemicals pipe safety monitoring etc., and the monitoring in important warehouse, storehouse, important boat station, hangar, explosive storehouse, national boundary, Aeronautics and Astronautics base, missile base, bank, museum, prison etc.; City tap-water, coal gas, rock gas, heat supply pipeline safety monitoring monitoring; The broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing of circumference safety guards such as oil, Long-distance Transmission Pipeline safety monitoring monitoring and the perturbance locating signal time gain control technology of positioning system belong to Fibre Optical Sensor detection technique field.
Background technology
Optical fiber sensing technology is to be accompanied by the development of light transmitting fiber and Fibre Optical Communication Technology the seventies in 20th century and to ward off a kind of brand-new sensing technology that new footpath develops rapidly in addition.Put it briefly, Fibre Optical Sensor is exactly to utilize optical fiber with to be measured the light wave parameter that transmits in the optical fiber to be modulated, and the lightwave signal of modulated mistake is carried out the demodulation detection, thereby obtains a kind of device of quantity to be measured.
The principle of broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and positioning system is based on back to the Rayleigh scattering effect in the optical fiber, realizes distributed vibration survey by optical time domain reflection technology.Destabilization sensing and positioning system become an extremely noticeable new technology in the optical fiber sensing technology with its characteristics that can measure in real time measured continuous space.Destabilization sensing and positioning system not only have the characteristics of general Fibre Optical Sensor, and the characteristics of optical fiber space continuous distribution have been made full use of, can be along obtaining measured time and space distribution information on the path of fiber distribution simultaneously, at one stroke solve the measuring task that the other types sensor is difficult to be competent under many major application occasions, demonstrated very economic and real application prospect.
For some critical facilitys or zone, as military restricted zone, high-risk forbidden zone etc., traditional iron wire electrical network is very low to the efficient that circumference safeguard protection, prevention trespass.And produce with broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and positioning system, can not only improve the alarm efficient of circumference greatly, can also the alarm place accurately be located, monitor.Thereby realize actual time safety early warning to whole important area.To critical facility and zone, constructing circumference thing or buried pipeline, to use wide-field full-optical fiber fixer network system be the inexorable trend of technical development, has wide application market.
Abroad, broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and positioning system are by a large amount of optical fiber safety early-warning and positioning systems that is applied in.The continuous development and the popularization of optical fiber sensing technology thereupon, various optical-fiber security early-warning location technologies are also in continuous development.Present existing safety monitoring mainly contains two classes.A kind of is distributed temperature and stress monitoring technology, mainly utilize the nonlinear characteristic (Ramam effect and brillouin effect) of optical fiber to gather the position that extraneous incident is determined alarm to the temperature effect and the shock stress of optical fiber in real time, this technology is subjected to the distance limit of the structure of optical cable and optical cable and place of alarm and influences monitoring effect.Another kind is exactly the sonic detection technology that is commonly used in the pipeline damage warning aspect, this technology is to utilize sound wave along the pipeline transmission principle, an active sensor is installed at a certain distance, gathering pipeline voice signal along the line is analyzed, determine event property, and then find in advance destroying the pipeline incident, but each senser element must be equipped with a cover electric supply installation and a communicator, this has not only increased the investment and the maintenance cost of equipment, and these facilities itself are also destroyed easily, make system's cisco unity malfunction.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of wide-field full-optical fiber perturbance locating signal time gain control device, to improve the accuracy and the stability of faint retroreflection optical signal detecting and collection.
Technical scheme: light pulse is in the spread fiber process, the absorption loss that the absorption of luminous energy is caused owing to fiber optic materials and impurity, the scattering loss (mainly referring to Rayleigh scattering) of inside of optical fibre, because interface distortion or the radiation loss that produces of the coarse scattering loss that produces and fibre-optical bending etc. at random, the most important thing is the absorption loss of optical fiber in these losses.Impurity in fiber optic materials such as hydroxide ion, transition metal ion are extremely strong to the receptivity of light, and they are the important factor that produce attenuated optical signal.Decay coefficient is one of optical fiber most important parameter, has determined the repeater span of Optical Fiber Transmission to a great extent.
Because the influence of fibre loss, the Rayleigh scattering light signal power of optical fiber rear and front end differs bigger.Preceding segment signal is stronger, if enlargement factor is crossed senior general and caused the A/D change-over circuit saturated, makes the distorted signals that collects.Back segment signal a little less than, use bigger enlargement factor can increase the absolute value of scattered signal.For making in-plant reflected signal obtain less amplification quantity, and make remote reflected signal obtain bigger amplification quantity, and so just can obtain distortionless complete received signal, this technology becomes depth compensation, be called temporal gain control (Time GainControl) again, be called for short TGC.
Broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing with temporal gain control device that one cover is complete and positioning system are as shown in Figure 1.
● by positioning host 109 logic controls, produce pulsed drive, produce the pump light pulse by semiconductor laser LD101 again, after carrying out power ascension, fiber amplifier (EDFA) 102 closes into sensor fibre 104 by optical fiber splitter (3dB photo coupler) 103 lotus roots, in sensor fibre 104, will produce rear orientation light, the rear orientation light of returning is coupled to optical filter 105 through optical fiber splitter 103 again to carry out filtering and separates, thereby obtain the back to Rayleigh scattering light, just finished the collecting work of signal since then.
● afterwards input to photodetection (PD) 106 again to anti-Rayleigh scattering light and carry out opto-electronic conversion from what optical filter 105 was separated, after prime is amplified, thereby finish the photodetection work of signal.
● this moment, signal became the level form by the luminous power formal transformation, entering 107 pairs of level signals of amplifier more respectively amplifies, then carry out analog to digital conversion by A/D capture card 108 respectively, thereby obtain digital signal, carry out signal Processing, analytical calculation by 109 pairs of digital signals of positioning host again, just finally obtain warning message.
● adopt the broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and the positioning system of temporal gain control device, after signal is become the level form by the luminous power formal transformation, in circuit, add TGC control circuit 110, realize temporal gain control electric signal.
Wide-field full-optical fiber perturbance locating signal time gain control device is characterized in that: LD laser signal transmitting terminal is connected to the signal coupled end of optical fiber splitter through fiber amplifier, and LD Laser Drive end is linked the pci interface of positioning host; Sensor fibre is connected on the signal branch terminal of optical fiber splitter, another signal branch terminal of optical fiber splitter is connected to the optical filter signal input, and the light signal delivery outlet of this optical filter is connected successively and outputed to positioning host behind photodetector, amplifier and the A/D sampling card and carry out signal Processing; Amplifier has one road control end to receive the TGC control circuit, by the gain amplifier coefficient of TGC control circuit control amplifier to the nearly far-end of sensor fibre.
In the TGC control circuit, first potentiometer output is connected to two stage amplifer circuit control end, and second potentiometer output is connected to the first technotron on-off circuit control end, and the 3rd potentiometer output is connected to the second single-stage discharge circuit control end; The first technotron on-off circuit signal output part is connected in series on the first single-stage discharge circuit signal controlling end, controls the state of the first single-stage discharge circuit; The second technotron on-off circuit signal output part is connected in series to the second single-stage discharge circuit signal controlling end, controls the state of the second single-stage discharge circuit; Temporal gain trigger pip and light pulse transmit be connected to jointly with two of circuit with signal input part on, insert second switch circuit, the first on-off circuit control end respectively with the signal output part of circuit; And the temporal gain control signal is connected on the A end signal input end of second one shot multivibrator, first one shot multivibrator in addition, the Q end signal output terminal of second one shot multivibrator is connected on the second switch circuit, and the Q end signal output terminal of first one shot multivibrator is connected on first on-off circuit; The output terminal of second switch circuit is linked the second technotron on-off circuit control end, the signal output part of the first on-off circuit first technotron on-off circuit control end of connecting; At last, the first single-stage discharge circuit, the second single-stage discharge circuit signal output part are connected to the signal input part of two stage amplifer circuit in the lump.
Described first potentiometer, second potentiometer, the 3rd potentiometer and temporal gain trigger pip, light pulse transmit and form the TGC signal jointly, the temporal gain trigger pip transmits corresponding with light pulse, when the LD laser instrument sends light pulse, these two signals transfer high level to by low level, regulate the gain that each potentiometer can change zones of different this moment; First potentiometer links to each other with the two stage amplifer circuit, regulates this potentiometer, can adjust full gain; Second potentiometer is controlled the first single-stage discharge circuit, regulates this potentiometer, can adjust far gain; The 3rd potentiometer is controlled the second single-stage discharge circuit, regulates this potentiometer, can adjust near gain.
The first technotron on-off circuit, the second technotron on-off circuit use 3DJ6N channel junction field-effect pipe; Second switch circuit, second switch circuit use the 3CK9 field effect transistor; Use the CD4081 integrated chip with circuit; Second one shot multivibrator, first one shot multivibrator use CD4528 multivibrator integrated chip.
Realize principle
1.TGC principle
Because the absorption of optical fiber itself, light signal decay according to index law in optical fiber, shown in accompanying drawing 2 (a) and (b).Behind the elapsed time gain compensation, the received signal amplitude of different distance no longer decays, thereby obtains undistorted signal, shown in accompanying drawing 2 (c), (d).
Analyze the TGC problem and can use mean absorption coefficient, with α (l) expression mean attenuation coefficient, attenuation coefficient is regarded as 1 function, with the reflection coefficient of R (l) expression distance for the l place, then reflected signal S (l) can be expressed as:
S (t)=R (l) KIe
∫-2 α (l) dlEquation (1)
In the formula, l is a lightray propagation length, and t is the travel-time, l=Ct.I is an incident intensity, and C is the velocity of propagation of light in optical fiber.K is an Amplifier Gain:
K=K
0e
∫ a (l) dlEquation (2)
In order to eliminate exponential term, can make fiber optic circuit have a controlled gain function, and make a (l)=2 α (l).At this moment, S (t) is with only relevant with R (l).
The TGC control circuit is a kind of non-linear radio frequency amplifying circuit, is formed by several combination of circuits usually.The accompanying drawing 3 swept gain function that the TGC control circuit constitutes that drawn.
The linear amplification multiple that full gain coarse adjustment control is total; Nearly gain-adjusted control gains with the reflected signal of proximal fiber; The position of the actual beginning of control compensation is regulated in time-delay; The gain degree of hurried rising of slope adjustment control compensation; Curvature is regulated the ride gain Changing Pattern, makes it by index ascending, descending or level and smooth; Far gain generally is used for controlling the light reflected signal enhancing of optical fiber far-end or suppressing; Strengthen to regulate to control and to strengthen the light reflected signal of some appointed place, can use a rect.p. to straddle on the gain function, make the operator provide additional the amplification to a certain part, pulse height is represented the amplitude that strengthens, the duration that strengthens strengthens the position that time-delay control strengthens beginning corresponding between the active region that strengthens.
Field effect transistor is inserted amplifier input terminal, utilize the nonlinear relationship between control pole tension and the drain current, control negative feedback voltage is realized temporal gain control to input end.Can also utilize voltage-controlled attenuator to realize temporal gain control, can constitute by the lattice network of diode, triode or field effect transistor, generally change their little variable element by the working point, tributary of regulating diode, triode or field effect transistor, thereby the attenuation coefficient that changes attenuator is realized gain control, and attenuator is inserted in the amplifying circuit.
Method one by the single simulation circuit, with three potentiometer controls full gain, near field and far gains, adopts the technotron of N raceway groove to make analog switch, carries out temporal gain control.
Method two by the analog/digital hybrid circuit, uses analog chips such as AD604, AD7226, and mimic channel is linked to each other with Microprocessor Interface, makes the gain digital amount be converted into analog quantity, realizes temporal gain control.
Beneficial effect: the TGC control circuit mixed corresponding light path system and the broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and the positioning system that constitute, the faint light reflected signal detects and the effect of the accuracy of collection and stability is remarkable to improving, by regulating corresponding potentiometer or digital gain control signal, can regulate the regional reflex signal intensity of each potentiometer correspondence effectively.When longer-distance smooth reflected signal was rationally amplified, short-range reflected signal distortion can not occur again, thereby can improve the positioning resolution of whole wide-field full-optical fiber fixer network system, and the fiber orientation length of total system is reached more than the 60KM.
Description of drawings
The wide-field full-optical fiber fixer network systematic schematic diagram of Fig. 1 temporal gain control,
Fig. 2 TGC schematic diagram, wherein: (a) signal intensity is with the range attenuation curve; (b) amplitude of different distance received signal; (c) time bias gain trace; (d) waveform after the corresponding compensation.
Fig. 3 TGC temporal gain function schematic diagram,
Fig. 4 broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and positioning system scheme one general frame figure,
Fig. 5 broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and positioning system scheme one TGC schematic block circuit diagram,
Fig. 6 broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and positioning system TGC circuit control curve,
Fig. 7 broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and positioning system scheme two general frame figure,
Fig. 8 broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and positioning system scheme two TGC schematic block circuit diagram,
101-LD laser instrument 102-fiber amplifier wherein
103-optical fiber splitter 104-sensor fibre
105-optical filter 106-photo-detector
The 107-amplifier 108-A/D card of sampling
109-positioning host terminal 110-TGC control circuit
111-amplifies sample circuit
The 201-first potentiometer 202-second potentiometer
203-the 3rd potentiometer 204-two stage amplifer circuit
The 205-first single-stage discharge circuit 206-second single-stage discharge circuit
207-the-technotron on-off circuit
The 208-second technotron on-off circuit
209-and circuit 210-first one shot multivibrator
The 211-second one shot multivibrator 212-first on-off circuit
213-second switch circuit
301-D/A converter 302-variable gain controller
303-wave filter 304-operational amplifier
The 305-A/D converter.
Embodiment
The concrete formation of corresponding method one of the present invention as shown in Figure 4, after LD laser instrument 101 signal transmitting terminals output to fiber amplifier 102 signal input parts, be connected to the signal coupled end of optical fiber splitter 103 again, and LD laser instrument 101 drive ends are linked positioning host 109PCI interface.At signal that a sensor fibre 104 of the important circumference underground laying of required protection is connected on optical fiber splitter 103 along separate routes on the end group plinth; optical fiber splitter 103 another signal branch terminals are connected to optical filter 105 signal inputs, and the light signal delivery outlet of this place's optical filter 105 is connected successively and outputed to positioning host 109 behind photodetector 106, amplifier 107 and the A/D sampling card 108 and carry out signal Processing.Amplifier 107 has one road control end to receive TGC control circuit 110, by the gain amplifier coefficient of 107 pairs of sensor fibres of TGC control circuit 110 control amplifiers, 104 nearly far-ends.The light pulse that is sent by LD laser instrument 101 is after fiber amplifier 102 amplifies, be coupled into sensor fibre 104 by optical fiber splitter 103, in sensor fibre 104, constantly produce rear orientation light, rear orientation light is coupled into optical filter 105 through optical fiber splitter 103 to carry out filtering and separates, obtain the light reflected signal, output is connected to photodetector 106 and carries out opto-electronic conversion again, sends into amplifying circuit 107.Amplifier 107 is by 110 controls of TGC control circuit, with 107 pairs of sensor fibres of resonance-amplifier, 104 zones of different reflected signal number of stages of amplifications.
The TGC control circuit principle of this programme as shown in Figure 5, first potentiometer, 201 output terminals are connected to two stage amplifer circuit 204 control ends, second potentiometer, 202 output terminals are connected to the first technotron on-off circuit, 207 control ends, and the 3rd potentiometer 203 output terminals are connected to the second single-stage discharge circuit, 206 control ends.The first technotron on-off circuit, 207 signal output parts are connected in series on the first single-stage discharge circuit, the 205 signal controlling ends, control the state of the first single-stage discharge circuit 205.The second technotron on-off circuit, 208 signal output parts are connected in series to the second single-stage discharge circuit, 206 signal controlling ends, control the state of the second single-stage discharge circuit 206.Temporal gain trigger pip and light pulse transmit be connected to jointly with two of circuit 209 with signal input part on, insert first on-off circuit 212, second switch circuit 213 control ends respectively with the signal output part of circuit 209.And the temporal gain control signal is connected on the A end signal input end of two first one shot multivibrators 210, second one shot multivibrator 211 in addition, the Q end signal output terminal of first one shot multivibrator 210 is connected on first on-off circuit 212, and the Q end signal output terminal of second one shot multivibrator 211 is connected on the second switch circuit 213.The output terminal of first on-off circuit 212 is linked the second technotron on-off circuit, 208 control ends, the signal output part of the second switch circuit 213 first technotron on-off circuit, 207 control ends of connecting.At last, the first single-stage discharge circuit 205, the second single-stage discharge circuit, 206 signal output parts are connected to the signal input part of two stage amplifer circuit 204 in the lump, and the output of two stage amplifer circuit 204 is the TGC waveform.
The TGC signal is transmitted by temporal gain trigger pip, light pulse and first potentiometer 201, second potentiometer 202, the 3rd potentiometer 203 form jointly.It is corresponding that temporal gain trigger pip and light pulse transmit, and when LD laser instrument 101 sent light pulse, these two signals transferred high level to by low level, regulates the gain that each potentiometer can change zones of different this moment.First potentiometer 201 links to each other with two stage amplifer circuit 204, regulates this potentiometer, can adjust full gain.Second potentiometer, 202 controls, the first single-stage discharge circuit 205 is regulated this potentiometer, can adjust far gain.The 3rd potentiometer 203 controls first single-stage discharge circuit 206 is regulated this potentiometer, can adjust near gain.
In the TGC control circuit, the first technotron on-off circuit 207, the second technotron on-off circuit 208 use 3DJ6N channel junction field-effect pipe; Second switch circuit 212, second switch circuit 213 use the 3CK9 field effect transistor; Use the CD4081 integrated chip with circuit 209; Second one shot multivibrator 210, first one shot multivibrator 211 use CD4528 multivibrator integrated chip.
In this scheme, the described LD laser instrument 101 of light path system, fiber amplifier 102, optical fiber splitter (coupling mechanism) 103, sensor fibre 104, optical filter 105, photodetector 106, amplifier 107 and A/D sampling card 108, first potentiometer 201 described in the TGC circuit, second potentiometer 202, the 3rd potentiometer 203, two stage amplifer circuit 204, the first technotron on-off circuits 207, the second technotron on-off circuit 208, the first single-stage discharge circuit 205, the second single-stage discharge circuit 206, first one shot multivibrator 210, second one shot multivibrator 211, first on-off circuit 212, second switch circuit 213, be ordinary city pin product with circuit 209.The waveform of the last output of TGC control circuit as shown in Figure 6.
Send pulsed drive by positioning host 110, LD laser instrument 101 sends laser, carries out power ascension through fiber amplifier 102, and reducing in the pulse propagation way, noise is to the influence of signal.Then, be transferred to optical fiber splitter (coupling mechanism) 103 and be coupled into sensor fibre 104, alarm points is positioned.Light pulse will produce rear orientation light in sensor fibre 104, the rear orientation light of returning is coupled into optical filter 105 through optical fiber splitter 103 again to carry out filtering and separate, thereby obtain the back to Rayleigh scattering light.The signal that collects by optical filter 105 is admitted to that photodetector 106 carries out opto-electronic conversion and prime is amplified, and obtains corresponding electric signal, is inputing to amplifier 107.Because the influence of fibre loss, the Rayleigh scattering light signal power of optical fiber rear and front end differs bigger, gain amplifier need be regulated by TGC control circuit 110, and in-plant reflected signal obtains less gain amplifier, and reflected signal obtains bigger gain amplifier at a distance.Enter 108 samplings of A/D sampling card through the undistorted signal after amplifier 107 amplifications, A/D card output terminal is connected in series to positioning host 109, and 109 pairs of digital signals that sample of positioning host are handled, and obtain positioning result.
The concrete formation of corresponding method two of the present invention as shown in Figure 7, after LD laser instrument 101 signal transmitting terminals output to fiber amplifier 102 signal input parts, be connected to the optically-coupled end of optical fiber splitter 103 again, and LD laser instrument 101 drive ends are linked positioning host 109PCI interface.At signal that a sensor fibre 104 of the important circumference underground laying of required protection is connected on optical fiber splitter 103 along separate routes on the end group plinth; another signal branch terminal of optical fiber splitter 103 is connected to optical filter 105 signal inputs, the output of this place's optical filter 105 connect successively photodetector 106 and amplify sample circuit 111 after output to positioning host 109.Amplifying sample circuit 111 has one road control end to receive the delivery outlet of TGC control circuit 110, the gain amplifier coefficient of TGC control circuit 110 controls amplification the 111 pairs of sensor fibres of sample circuit, 104 nearly far-ends.The light pulse that is sent by LD laser instrument 101 is after fiber amplifier 102 amplifies, be coupled into sensor fibre 104 by optical fiber splitter 103, in sensor fibre 104, constantly produce back scattering, rear orientation light is coupled into optical filter 105 through optical fiber splitter 103 to carry out filtering and separates, obtain the light reflected signal, defeatedly again be connected to photodetector 106 and carry out opto-electronic conversion, send into and amplify sample circuit 111.Amplify sample circuit 111 by 110 controls of TGC control circuit, to regulate the number of stages of amplification that amplifies 111 pairs of sensor fibre 104 zones of different reflected signals of sample circuit.
The TGC control circuit principle of this programme as shown in Figure 8, the digital gain control signal is connected to each digital input port of D/A converter 301, convert digital quantity to analog quantity after, export the simulating signal input port of variable gain controller 302 to.Through the signal of variable gain controller 302 attenuation compensations, exported to wave filter 303 and operational amplifier 304 successively after, be connected in series to A/D converter 305 and carry out high-speed sampling.Simultaneously, the VREF simulating signal end of variable gain controller 302 directly exports the corresponding VREF end of A/D converter 305 to, regulates the class of gain, and another road is inserted through the analog electrical signal after the photodetector conversion.The multi-path digital gain control signal is arranged in the system, each digital gain control signal is regulated,, insert the control end of variable gain controller 302, realize the controllable variations of variable gain controller 302 through the analog quantity after D/A converter 301 conversions.Behind the attenuation compensation of analog electrical signal through variable gain controller 302, export wave filter 303 to and carry out filtering and separate, finally amplify, promptly become effective input of A/D converter 305 by operational amplifier 304.
In the TGC control circuit, D/A converter 301 uses the AD7226D/A converter, and variable gain controller 302 uses the AD604 gain variable amplifier, and A/D converter 305 uses AD9095 (10bit, 40MSPS) A/D sampling A, operational amplifier 304 uses the AD9631 high speed operation amplifier.
In this scheme, the described LD laser instrument 101 of light path system, fiber amplifier 102, optical fiber splitter (coupling mechanism) 103, sensor fibre 104, optical filter 105, photodetector 106.The described D/A converter 301 of TGC control circuit, variable gain controller 302, A/D converter 305, wave filter 303 and operational amplifier 304 are city's pin product.The waveform of the last output of TGC control circuit as shown in Figure 6.
Send pulsed drive by positioning host 110, LD laser instrument 101 sends laser, carries out power ascension through fiber amplifier 102.Then, be transferred to optical fiber splitter (coupling mechanism) 103 and be coupled into sensor fibre 104, alarm points is positioned.Light pulse will produce rear orientation light in sensor fibre 104, the rear orientation light of returning is coupled into optical filter 105 through optical fiber splitter 103 again to carry out filtering and separate, thereby obtain the back to Rayleigh scattering light.The signal that collects by optical filter 105 is admitted to that photodetector 106 carries out opto-electronic conversion and prime is amplified, and obtains corresponding electric signal, amplifies sample circuit 111 inputing to.Because the influence of fibre loss, the back of optical fiber rear and front end differs bigger to the Rayleigh scattering light power, gain amplifier need be regulated by TGC control circuit (DAC) 110, and in-plant reflected signal obtains less gain amplifier, and reflected signal obtains bigger gain amplifier at a distance.Through amplification the undistorted digital signal that sample circuit 111 collects, output to positioning host 109,109 pairs of digital signals that sample of positioning host are handled, and obtain positioning result.
Example one with this example the specific embodiment of the present invention is described and the present invention is further illustrated.This example is an experimental prototype, its TGC circuit constitutes as shown in Figure 5: first potentiometer, 201 output terminals are connected to two stage amplifer circuit 204 control ends, second potentiometer, 202 output terminals are connected to the first technotron on-off circuit, 207 control ends, and the 3rd potentiometer 203 output terminals are connected to the second single-stage discharge circuit, 206 control ends.The first technotron on-off circuit, 207 signal output parts are connected in series on the first single-stage discharge circuit, the 205 signal controlling ends, control the state of the first single-stage discharge circuit 205.The second technotron on-off circuit, 208 signal output parts are connected in series to the second single-stage discharge circuit, 206 signal controlling ends, control the state of the second single-stage discharge circuit 206.Temporal gain trigger pip and light pulse transmit be connected to jointly with two of circuit 209 with signal input part on, insert first on-off circuit 212, second switch circuit 213 control ends respectively with the signal output part of circuit 209.And the temporal gain control signal is connected on the A end signal input end of two first one shot multivibrators 210, second one shot multivibrator 211 in addition, the Q end signal output terminal of first one shot multivibrator 210 is connected on first on-off circuit 212, and the Q end signal output terminal of second one shot multivibrator 211 is connected on the second switch circuit 213.The output terminal of first on-off circuit 212 is linked the second technotron on-off circuit, 208 control ends, the signal output part of the second switch circuit 213 first technotron on-off circuit, 207 control ends of connecting.At last, the first single-stage discharge circuit 205, the second single-stage discharge circuit, 206 signal output parts are connected to the signal input part of two stage amplifer circuit 204 in the lump, and the output of two stage amplifer circuit 204 is the TGC waveform.
Wherein, the first technotron on-off circuit 207, the second technotron on-off circuit 208 use 3DJ6N channel junction field-effect pipe; Second switch circuit 212, second switch circuit 213 use the 3CK9 field effect transistor; Use the CD4081 integrated chip with circuit 209; Second one shot multivibrator 210, first one shot multivibrator 211 use CD4528 multivibrator integrated chip, and other amplifiers are all used commercially available common amplifier.
The TGC signal is transmitted by temporal gain trigger pip, light pulse and first potentiometer 201, second potentiometer 202, the 3rd potentiometer 203 form jointly.It is corresponding that temporal gain trigger pip and light pulse transmit, and when LD laser instrument 101 sent light pulse, these two signals transferred high level to by low level, regulates the gain that each potentiometer can change zones of different this moment.First potentiometer 201 links to each other with two stage amplifer circuit 204, regulates this potentiometer, can adjust full gain.Second potentiometer, 202 controls, the first single-stage discharge circuit 205 is regulated this potentiometer, can adjust far gain.The 3rd potentiometer 203 controls first single-stage discharge circuit 206 is regulated this potentiometer, can adjust near gain.
This TGC control circuit is mixed corresponding light path system noted earlier and the broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and the positioning system that constitute, and is remarkable to the effect that improves accuracy that the faint light reflected signal detects and gather and stability.By regulator potentiometer or digital gain control signal, can control each regional reflex signal intensity effectively, thereby improve the bearing accuracy of whole wide-field full-optical fiber fixer network system.
Two examples of example also are experimental prototypes.Its TGC control circuit constitutes as shown in Figure 8: the digital gain control signal is connected to each digital input port of D/A converter 301, convert digital quantity to analog quantity after, export the simulating signal input port of variable gain controller 302 to.Through the signal of variable gain controller 302 attenuation compensations, exported to wave filter 303 and operational amplifier 304 successively after, be connected in series to A/D converter 305 and carry out high-speed sampling.Simultaneously, the VREF simulating signal end of variable gain controller 302 directly exports the corresponding VREF end of A/D converter 305 to, regulates the class of gain, and another road is inserted through the analog electrical signal after the photodetector conversion.
The multi-path digital gain control signal is arranged in the system, each digital gain control signal is regulated,, insert the control end of variable gain controller 302, realize the controllable variations of variable gain controller 302 through the analog quantity after D/A converter 301 conversions.Behind the attenuation compensation of analog electrical signal through variable gain controller 302, export wave filter 303 to and carry out filtering and separate, finally amplify, promptly become effective input of A/D converter 305 by operational amplifier 304.
In the TGC control circuit, D/A converter 301 uses the AD7226D/A converter, and variable gain controller 302 uses the AD604 gain variable amplifier, and A/D converter 305 uses AD9095 (10bit, 40MSPS) A/D sampling A, operational amplifier 304 uses the AD9631 high speed operation amplifier.
This TGC control circuit is mixed corresponding light path system noted earlier and the broad domain all-optical fiber disturbance sensing and the positioning system that constitute, and is remarkable to the effect that improves accuracy that the faint light reflected signal detects and gather and stability.By regulator potentiometer or digital gain control signal, can control each regional reflex signal intensity effectively, thereby improve the bearing accuracy of whole wide-field full-optical fiber fixer network system.
Claims (4)
1. wide-field full-optical fiber perturbance locating signal time gain control device, it is characterized in that: LD laser instrument (101) signal transmitting terminal is connected to the signal coupled end of optical fiber splitter (103) through fiber amplifier (102), and LD laser instrument (101) drive end is linked the pci interface of positioning host (109); Sensor fibre (104) is connected on the signal branch terminal of optical fiber splitter (103), another signal branch terminal of optical fiber splitter (103) is connected to optical filter (105) signal input, and the light signal delivery outlet of this optical filter (105) is connected successively and outputed to positioning host (109) behind photodetector (106), amplifier (107) and the A/D sampling card (108) and carry out signal Processing; Amplifier (107) has one road control end to receive TGC control circuit (110), by the gain amplifier coefficient of TGC control circuit (110) control amplifier (107) to the nearly far-end of sensor fibre (104).
2. wide-field full-optical fiber perturbance locating signal time gain control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the TGC control circuit (110), first potentiometer (201) output terminal is connected to two stage amplifer circuit (204) control end, second potentiometer (202) output terminal is connected to first technotron on-off circuit (207) control end, and the 3rd potentiometer (203) output terminal is connected to second single-stage discharge circuit (206) control end; First technotron on-off circuit (207) signal output part is connected in series on first single-stage discharge circuit (205) the signal controlling end, controls the state of the first single-stage discharge circuit (205); Second technotron on-off circuit (208) signal output part is connected in series to second single-stage discharge circuit (206) the signal controlling end, controls the state of the second single-stage discharge circuit (206); Temporal gain trigger pip and light pulse transmit be connected to jointly with two of circuit (209) with signal input part on, insert second switch circuit (212), first on-off circuit (213) control end respectively with the signal output part of circuit (209); And the temporal gain control signal is connected on the A end signal input end of second one shot multivibrator (210), first one shot multivibrator (211) in addition, the Q end signal output terminal of second one shot multivibrator (210) is connected on the second switch circuit (212), and the Q end signal output terminal of first one shot multivibrator (211) is connected on first on-off circuit (213); The output terminal of second switch circuit (212) is linked second technotron on-off circuit (208) control end, the signal output part of first on-off circuit (213) first technotron on-off circuit (207) control end of connecting; At last, the first single-stage discharge circuit (205), second single-stage discharge circuit (206) signal output part are connected to the signal input part of two stage amplifer circuit (204) in the lump.
3. wide-field full-optical fiber perturbance locating signal time gain control device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described first potentiometer (201), second potentiometer (202), the 3rd potentiometer (203) transmit with temporal gain trigger pip, light pulse and form the TGC signal jointly, the temporal gain trigger pip transmits corresponding with light pulse, when LD laser instrument (101) when sending light pulse, these two signals transfer high level to by low level, regulate the gain that each potentiometer can change zones of different this moment; First potentiometer (201) links to each other with two stage amplifer circuit (204), regulates this potentiometer, can adjust full gain; Second potentiometer (202) control, the first single-stage discharge circuit (205) is regulated this potentiometer, can adjust far gain; The 3rd potentiometer (203) the control second single-stage discharge circuit (206) is regulated this potentiometer, can adjust near gain.
4. wide-field full-optical fiber perturbance locating signal time gain control device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the first technotron on-off circuit (207), the second technotron on-off circuit (208) use 3DJ6N channel junction field-effect pipe; Second switch circuit (212), second switch circuit (213) use the 3CK9 field effect transistor; Use the CD4081 integrated chip with circuit (209); Second one shot multivibrator (210), first one shot multivibrator (211) use CD4528 multivibrator integrated chip.
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| CNA2008100244848A CN101246025A (en) | 2008-03-21 | 2008-03-21 | Wide-field full-optical fiber perturbance locating signal time gain control device |
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| CNA2008100244848A CN101246025A (en) | 2008-03-21 | 2008-03-21 | Wide-field full-optical fiber perturbance locating signal time gain control device |
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