CN101828263A - 光发射和/或接收设备 - Google Patents
光发射和/或接收设备 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种板形式的光发射和/或接收设备,包括:场致发光导电聚合物网格、透明的导体层、在其他层上的透光的基片和位于网格层内的集成的反射板。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及可被用于许多不同功能的光发射和/或接收设备。
发明内容
本发明利用反射膜,诸如在发光交通标志和标柱中结合膜网格使用的菱形渐变反射膜,该反射膜可以是平的板形式。膜材料按类似于标准LED(发光二极管)的方式工作,但能制作成许多形状,并且相信它将最终能对每瓦特的输出生产更多的光(亮度)却将产生更少的热。
按照本发明,一种板形式的光发射和/或接收设备包括:场致发光导电聚合物网格、透明的导体层、在其他层上的透光的基片和位于网格层内集成的反射板。
按照本发明的一个方面,如上所述的光发射设备各部分的安排使该场致发光导电聚合物网格被安排成当被施加电流时发射光,该透明导体被安排成允许发射的光被透射,该透光基片被安排成把一定百分比的发射光反射回去进入反射板,以及使该集成的反射板让一些光通过透光基片透射回去。
利用这种安排,该结构因此能包含发光导电聚合物,该聚合物当被施加电流时发射光,透明导体(例如氧化铟锡)能够被用于让发射的光被透射。集成的反射器板被置于网格层内,以便把一些产生的光反射回去通过透光基片。透光基片被用在其他层的顶部,以便把一定百分比的发射光反射回去进入该板和进入反射板,该反射板保证被反射的光通过透光基片被再发射回去。
利用这种安排,该网格能够被构造成产生一致形状的光的格子。该安排还有均匀得多的光输出的优点,从而当与集成反射膜单元一起使用时,能够产生比目前可用的其他光发射产品优得多的性能。
按照本发明的第二方面,如上所述的光接收设备能够是太阳电池板的形式,该太阳电池板包含许多在反射板下面的薄膜电池单元,而该场致发光聚合物网格能够被安排成接收光并把光转变为电能,能够提供把电能传送到电池单元、并安排激励光传输通过透光基片及从反射器板反射进入该场致发光聚合物的装置。
按照本发明的第三方面,如上所述的光发射和接收设备能够以从顶部开始的层的形式包含:透光基片、第一透明导体、可用作发射器的第一场致发光导电聚合物透光网格、第二导电层、光致电压的第二场致发光聚合物透光网格、位于所述第二网格内的集成的反射板、在集成反射板下面的薄膜电池、背衬以及用于所述各层的电传导从而使该设备能在同一侧收集光和发射光的装置。
按照本发明的第四方面,如上所述的光发射和接收设备,能够包含如上所述的光发射板,该光发射板被安排成与如上所述的光接收板背靠背并电连接,以便从一侧接收光并从另一侧发射光。
利用上面的光发射和接收设备,各结构装置能够被合并,用于把板从收集光切换为发射光,而利用这种结构,该设备能够包含发射器阴极、光致电压的阴极和共享阳极。
在所有以上结构中,场致发光聚合物的网格或多个网格,能够有许多呈椭圆形,三角形,矩形或多边形的成形开孔。
在一种优选的结构中,该成形开孔是六角形。
该反射板能够通过许多分开的部分而被提供,这些分开的部分位于场致发光聚合物网格中的开孔内。
各种部分最好被承载在背衬上,该背衬能够是基本上刚性的或柔性的,由此使该板能够被卷起或弯曲,而利用这种安排,合适的材料是柔性的铝箔。
这样,利用这些安排,该背衬能够有柔性的保护基片。
在合适的结构中,该光发射和/或接收设备能够是平的三角形板形状。
这种应用还包含合并了如前所述的光发射和/或接收设备的照明器具。
这样,该照明器具能够是照明或指示灯的形式。这样的灯能够提供在例如道路设施的制品如交通标柱上,或者例如提供在温室内或任何其他需要灯的地方。因此,当任何其他光源被采用,诸如办公室,零售店或户外居住的照明时,都能够使用该照明器具。
附图说明
本发明能够以各种方式实施,现在将以举例方式并参照附图描述一些实施例,附图中:
图1是简图,示出PLED(聚合物发光二极管)如何能够在反射板中使用;
图2是按照本发明的光发射和反射板的图解截面;
图3是本发明中使用的场致发光导电聚合物网格的图解透视图;
图4是采用图3所示的场致发光导电聚合物网格的光发射板的分解视图;
图5是简图,示出如何能够按与图1所示方式的相反方式,使用PLED来接收光;
图6示出按照本发明的光接收设备,它能够把光转变为电并储存起来;
图7是按照本发明的太阳电池板形式的设备的分解视图,它有采用本发明的电储存机构;
图8是许多图7所示类型的板被安排在一起以形成反射区域的前视图;
图9示出如何能够把图6、7和8所示的光接收板与图2到图4所示的光发射板组合使用,以便在一侧接收光而在另一侧发射光;
图10是图解的、等比例画出的部分截面视图,表明本发明如何能够应用到悬挂的街灯;
图11是简图,示出如何把图2到4与图6到7所示类型的板组合,以便提供光发射和接收板;
图12是通过图11所示板的图解的部分截面;和
图13示出如何能够把按照图11和12制成的设备用于交通标柱。
具体实施方式
图1画出通过光发射板1的结构,表明作为PLED(聚合物发光二极管)层2的一层P-OLED,当它被施加电流时发射可以是任一需要颜色的光。在它之上是透明的导体3(氧化铟锡)和透明的透光基片4。设置有铝的背衬5,而当PLED被激活时,沿箭头6所指方向发射光。
图2画出按照本发明的结构,该结构有PLED层7及适当的电连接。该结构由图2中的参考数字7指出。该板把一些产生的光反射回去通过透光基片4,如箭头8所示。直线通过透光基片4的发射光,如箭头9所示。
该PLED 2的结构是网格形式的,如图3所示。该网格3被构造成产生具有一致形状的光的格子。该结构具有的优点是,当与集成的反射膜层一起使用时,有均匀得多的光输出,同时能够产生比目前可用的其他光发射产品更优的性能。
网格能够具有许多种成形开孔中的任一种,例如椭圆形、三角形、矩形或多边形,而在图3所示的优选结构中,开孔是六角形的并用参考数字10表示。这种配置是优选的,因为对板上的PLED膜和反射器二者,它在全360°上都有一致的均衡。利用板的这种标准形状,它能够按宽广的各种间距尺寸设定,供任何专门的应用使用。
图4是反射板的分解视图,并用相同的参考数字表示前面图中的相同部分。该分解视图示出反射层7如何由许多六角形板11构成,这些六角形板11被置于网格2的六角形开孔10的下端中。
如将从图4所看到的,板可以包括:上透光基片层4、氧化锌铟透光导电层3,该透光导电层3用作阳极并有类似于该透光导电层3要与之对准的网格2的配置。六角形板11形式的反射板被定位在开孔10中,整个板在那里被安装在充当阳极(+)的铝框架13上,该框架与绝缘体14和充当阴极(-)的下铝框架15合并,整个框架被承载在铝背衬5上。
如将从附图所看到的,板具有三角形的形状。
重量轻的铝背衬5提供强度和耐用性,并可以是用于PLED板2的电压-VE的阴极。该框架为一般的照明应用提供一硬背的(hard-backed)板。另外,为便于携带,该板也可以通过使用柔性铝箔作为有保护性的柔性基片的基座、提供柔性的绝缘体14并替换基座和框架13及15,制作成柔性的。由此,这种类型的柔性板能够卷起来并被运输到遥远的地方,在那里它能够容易展开来使用。
这种类型的反射器板由于其柔性而能够用作替代品,代替一些目前在照明中使用的灯,例如荧光的和放电的灯。由于它们能够更柔软且产生较少的热,能够代替一些LED。这种产品还有的优点是,因为所有光发射器和反射器都在一块薄的板上,所以它实际上能够制作成任何形状。诸如荧光管配件等单元能够被减少到一个单一的替代配件。此外,在反射板之前,可以把不透明膜放置(图上没有画出)在该板的透光基片之前,使光从它漫射。在用于街灯的户外发光体中,可以用做成碗形的PLED板代替反射器碗和放电灯,但由于从碗的内表面产生的反射光更均匀和有更高效率,所以有更优异的性能。来自该板的光能够被制造成发射比荧光(低压汞)更接近日光且使用更安全的光,而且它不产生危险的可见光频率并且比任何其他光源更适合用于办公室,零售店或户内居住的照明。
再者,新的板更环境友好和遵从新的WEEE(Waste Electronic &Electrical Engineering)法令(报废电子电气设备法令)。在伦敦,有多达3,000,000个街灯单元,其中包含照明的标志和标柱、交通信令系统及标准的光放射系统,如果在板中使用本发明主题的技术,则可节省大量的能量和极大地减少碳排放。灯维护服务的成本也将减少,因为该产品的正常寿命,在天天都用时,超过10年。
在寿命结束时,反射板能够安全地拆解和回收,而新的WEEE法令要求所有电气或电子产品制造商必须在其产品的寿命周期结束时负责回收他们的产品。现有的灯是机械制造的,是用汞和其他有害的化学物品制造的,从而要销毁它们是困难的。本发明的板解决了这个问题,而且更清洁和更安全。
图5到图8示出利用相同类型结构的光接收设备。该太阳能板组合了在图1到4中示出的结构中使用的有机发光二极管技术和反射膜技术的型式。
该结构产生电是通过略微改变PLED化学式而使光转换为电的。当与集成的反射层组合时,它增加由PLED吸收的光,以产生更多的电能,且该板有附加的储存被转换能量的能力,该被转换的能量用电池汇集在同一板上。
图5画出类似于图1所示的结构,相同的参考数字用于表示类似的部分。但是,在该结构中,PLED层20起接收光并把接收的光转换为电能的作用。光源(日光)以箭头21表示。
图6画出通过板的截面,进入的光再次用箭头21表示,而倾斜进入的光用箭头22表示。反射镜板7再次把光反射回去,落在PLED层20上。这样,该结构按图2所示方向的相反方向工作。被置于反射镜板11下面的是薄膜电池23。
图7是类似于图4的视图,但表示的是太阳能板并再次用相同的参考数字表示类似的部分。薄膜电池的位置清楚地画在反射器板11下面,而刚性及柔性的结构可以是如上面描述的。
薄膜电池23的使用允许板不需要外置的可再充电电池。每一电池被直接连接到周围的非常接近的PLED层,降低电路内的电阻。这样进一步增强整个板上电的均匀流动。
不难看出,该板还是三角形的,所以它们能够被分割成约10cm2到300cm2的三角盒。然后,能够用铝横梁沿类似大小的单元的边缘连接每一单元。板能够作为多块板或单块片段被制造,这些单块片段可以用边缘上的槽接合在一起(没有画出)。这样的板在图8中示出,那里28块三角形板与框架25互连。
按照本发明的新的板,性能优于现有的太阳电池板,可产生更多功率、更高的电压输出和更好的冷却。利用这些结构的灵活性,它们能够用于广泛的各种应用。
如有需要,双侧的单元片段能够被用于户外使用并进一步扩展太阳电池板单元的效率。
在图9所示的结构中,两套板被背靠背地使用。上面一套按照图6到8构造并用作太阳电池板,而下面一套则由图2到4所示单元放在一起置于与图8所示类似的板中制成,于是,光接收板在上面而光发射板在它的下面,被安排成背靠背以便从一侧接收光而在另一侧发射光。这样的结构例如能够在生态温室中使用。当太阳升起时,向太阳电池板充电,而当太阳下山时,被储存的电荷通过该结构的另一侧馈送回去,把储存的能量转换回光能,从而确保温室总是被照亮(适当的电连接被提供)。
这种技术还能用于有薄膜电池置于一圆顶上的光致电压反射板。这种板能够依照该圆顶的外形来安排,因此随着太阳在白天越过天空的运动,该板能够从大气吸收更多的可用光能。
按照本发明的太阳电池板,还能送达遥远的地方并能卷起来以便运输。再次指出,该板可以是双侧太阳电池板/光板。
图10画出图9所示背靠背板合并到街灯中的另一种使用。该灯有支承30,其上放置按照本发明的光发射板31,板31上面是罩或盖32。该罩或盖在其上表面承载一系列太阳电池板33,而光发射板被承载在光发射器盘34的下表面上,这些板被适当地电连接。这样的结构对街灯是有用的,这种灯将在白天吸收光而在晚上发射光。它还能用于照明的标柱、双侧标志、公交站显示器和许多其他应用。
图11画出本发明提供光发射和接收设备的另一种应用。利用如图11所示的结构,光发射和接收板可以被安排成在一侧接收太阳光又在同一侧发射光,如由箭头40,41所示。
图12画出该结构的部分截面视图,还是一样,用相同的参考数字表示图2到4和6及7所示那些类似部分。因此,该板与图4和7所示那些配置类似,但以从顶部开始的层的形式包括:透光基片4、可以充当发射器43的第一场致发光导电聚合物透光网格、第二导电层44、光致电压的第二场致发光导电聚合物透光网格45、可以包括反射板11并在第二网格45内的集成反射板7、类似于图7所示在集成反射板下面的那些薄膜电池的薄膜电池23和背衬5。提供用于电连接各层的装置(未画出),从而使该设备能够在同一侧收集光和发射光。
因此,该板使用堆叠在光致电压上的光发射器导体聚合物,并合并和共享同一反射层。
这种类型的板对照明的交通标柱、街道标志和街道商店前的显示器特别有用。此外,二重层能力(dual layer power)也可以用于节省空间、金钱和100%无碳排放的生态温室。
合并在板内的适当的集成开关控制器(未画出),能够被安排来感测光致电压网格的电压降落,然后切换,以便从电池内储存的能量转换到光发射第一透光网格,该光发射的第一透光网格将合适地发射光。
如有需要,一些来自电压膜网格的表面能量,能够被连接到一系列备用电池(未画出),以便在发射光时,有更好的性能。
该二重用途的板反射进入的光,以便被光致电压膜会聚,之后消耗由光发射膜发射的光。该二重用途降低了板尺寸并节省了生产针对两种分开功能的板的成本。
图13画出这种类型板如何能够用在参考数字50表示的交通标柱和用该板提供的侧面51。
Claims (20)
1.一种板形式的光发射和/或接收设备包括:场致发光导电聚合物网格、透明的导体层、在其他层上的透光的基片和位于网格层内集成的反射板。
2.如权利要求1所述的光发射设备,其中各部分被安排使该场致发光导电聚合物网格被安排成当被施加电流时发射光;该透明导体被安排成允许发射的光被透射;该透光基片被安排成把一定百分比的发射光反射回去进入反射器板;和使该集成的反射器板让一些光通过透光基片透射回去。
3.如权利要求1所述的太阳能板形式的光接收设备,它包含:
多个在反射器板下面的薄膜电池单元,而该场致发光聚合物网格被安排成接收光并把光转变为电能,
用于把电能传送到所述电池单元并安排激励光传输通过透光基片且从反射器板反射进入该场致发光聚合物的装置。
4.如权利要求1所述的光发射和接收设备,它以从顶部开始的层的形式包含:
透光基片;
第一透明导体;
可用作发射器的第一场致发光导电聚合物的透光网格;
第二导电层;
光致电压的第二场致发光导电聚合物的透光网格;
位于该第二网格内的集成的反射板;
在所述集成反射板下面的薄膜电池及背衬;和
用于电连接所述各层从而使该设备能在同一侧收集光和发射光的装置。
5.如权利要求1所述的光发射和接收设备,它包含如权利要求2所述的光发射板,该光发射板被安排成与如权利要求3所述的光接收板背靠背地电连接,以便从一侧接收光并从另一侧发射光。
6.如权利要求4或权利要求5所述的光发射和接收设备,包含用于把该板从收集光切换为发射光的装置。
7.如权利要求4,权利要求5或权利要求6所述的光发射和接收设备,其中该设备包含发射器阴极、光致电压阴极和共享阳极。
8.如权利要求2到7中任一项所述的光发射和接收设备,其中所述场致发光聚合物的网格或多个网格具有多个呈椭圆形、三角形、矩形或多边形的成形开孔。
9.如权利要求7和/或权利要求8所述的光发射和接收设备,其中成形开孔是六角形的。
10.如权利要求8或权利要求9所述的光发射和接收设备,其中该反射板由在场致发光聚合物网格中的开孔内的多个分开的部分提供。
11.如前面权利要求任一项中所述的光发射和接收设备,其中各种部分被承载在背衬上。
12.如权利要求11所述的光发射和接收设备,其中该背衬是基本上刚性的。
13.如权利要求12所述的光发射和接收设备,其中该背衬由柔性的铝箔制成。
14.如权利要求13所述的光发射和接收设备,其中所述背衬具有柔性的保护基片。
15.如前面权利要求中任一项所述的光发射和接收设备,它是以平的三角形板形状被形成的。
16.一种基本上如这里参照图1到4、5到8、图9、图10、和图11到13所描述并如上述各图所示的光发射和/或接收设备。
17.一种合并前面权利要求任一项中所述的光发射和接收设备的照明器具。
18.如权利要求17所述的照明器具,它有照明显示灯的形式。
19.如权利要求17所述的照明器具,其中该灯被提供在道路设施的制品上。
20.如权利要求17所述的照明器具,其中该灯被合并到温室中。
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- 2008-09-08 EP EP08788553.9A patent/EP2195845B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-09-08 JP JP2010524563A patent/JP5357881B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN104124388A (zh) * | 2013-04-28 | 2014-10-29 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 有机电致发光器件及其制备方法 |
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CN101828263B (zh) | 2013-03-13 |
WO2009034301A2 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
EP2195845B1 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
PL2195845T3 (pl) | 2015-05-29 |
US8358064B2 (en) | 2013-01-22 |
JP5357881B2 (ja) | 2013-12-04 |
GB0717798D0 (en) | 2007-10-24 |
GB2452737A (en) | 2009-03-18 |
JP2010539648A (ja) | 2010-12-16 |
GB2452737B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
WO2009034301A3 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
EP2195845A2 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
US20100259159A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
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