CN101823019A - Air separation device and method of garbage - Google Patents

Air separation device and method of garbage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101823019A
CN101823019A CN 201010164951 CN201010164951A CN101823019A CN 101823019 A CN101823019 A CN 101823019A CN 201010164951 CN201010164951 CN 201010164951 CN 201010164951 A CN201010164951 A CN 201010164951A CN 101823019 A CN101823019 A CN 101823019A
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China
Prior art keywords
cylinder
house refuse
heavy substance
air
selection
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CN 201010164951
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CN101823019B (en
Inventor
杜文利
唐俊柏
赵宏
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Jilin Hao Hai horizon Technology Co., Ltd.
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BEIJING HAOHAI TIANJI TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Publication of CN101823019A publication Critical patent/CN101823019A/en
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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an air separation device and a method for domestic garbage. The device comprises a preprocessing unit and an air separation unit, wherein the preprocessing unit contains a feed belt, a magnetic separator and a crusher, and the air separation unit comprises a charging belt, a dedusting filter cartridge, a circulating fan 1, an air separation chamber, an air return pipeline, a roller 1, a roller 2, a circulating fan 2, a heavy substance storage bin, an intermediate-weight substance storage bin, a light substance storage bin and the like. In the invention, the separation of the domestic garbage is realized by the following method: the domestic garbage enters the magnetic separator and the crusher by the feed belt for preprocessing, then enters the air separation unit and enters the air separation chamber by the charging belt, the air speed and the air quantity in the air separation chamber are controlled, heavy substances, intermediate-weight substances and light substances in the domestic garbage respectively fall into the respective storage bins, and the return air is connected to the dedusting filter cartridge by a pipeline and is returned to the circulating fans after the return air is dedusted.

Description

A kind of rubbish air blasting device and method
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of pneumatic separation device and method, is specifically related to a kind of pneumatic separation device and method that is used for heavy substance, heavy substance and the light materials of sorting house refuse.
Background technology
A large amount of house refuses has not only had a strong impact on people's life at present, and hindered the development in city, the annual production of existing domestic waste is near 1.5 hundred million tons, major part is air storage all, have a strong impact on the healthy of urban look and resident, but also be a kind of resource in the house refuse simultaneously, the part reusable edible.Therefore the processing of house refuse should grasped the target of innoxious, resource and minimizing.
As everyone knows, the house refuse composition is very complicated, and space and time difference is big, and intractability is big.The processing method of house refuse mainly contains burning, landfill and compost etc.To not cause the damage of fire grate easily if house refuse is not carried out the just direct burning of sorting, produce dusty gas, influence exhaust emissions; And if directly landfill or compost are not only wasted many precious resources, and a lot of complicated ingredients in the house refuse can not obtain imitating degraded, are difficult to reach the purpose of effective improvement.Therefore, before burning, landfill and compost, it is very necessary house refuse to be carried out preliminary treatment such as sorting, is method in common comparatively in the industry and utilize pneumatic separation device to carry out the current density sorting.
The pneumatic separation device that is used for domestic rubbish disposal at present, being used for separately, the water conservancy diversion cylinder of density different material has only one-level, often can only separate two kinds of materials of heavy and light, and the organic matter that is used for processing such as later stage fermentation belongs to heavy substance, and traditional pneumatic separation device can not carry out effective sorting with middle heavy substance in the house refuse and heavy substance.Heavy substance in the house refuse mostly is foreign material such as stone, does not contain organic matter, and suitable sanitary landfills is handled, if allow middle heavy substances such as its continuation and organic matter mix, also can influence the subsequent treatment operation.In the method for tradition selection by winnowing house refuse,, but directly the house refuse of mixed collection is sent into air separation units, cause the machine utilization height, serious problems such as selection by winnowing efficient is low, plant maintenance difficulty usually without pretreatment process such as magnetic separation and fragmentations.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of house refuse can be separated into heavy, in heavy, light three kinds of materials, and can effectively reduce machine utilization, improve selection by winnowing efficient, the simple device and method of plant maintenance.
House refuse homogenization device involved in the present invention mainly is made up of feed belt (1), magnetic separator (2), disintegrating machine (3), charging belt (4), dedusting filter cylinder (5), circulating fan 1 (6), selection by winnowing chamber (7), return air duct (8), cylinder 1 (9), cylinder 2 (10), circulating fan 2 (11), heavy substance storage silo (12), middle heavy substance storage silo (13), light materials storage silo (14), light materials transmission belt (15) etc.Magnetic separator (2) is in feed belt (1) top, and disintegrating machine (3) is installed in the port of export of feed belt, and charging belt (4) links to each other with the air separation units charging aperture with disintegrating machine; Dedusting filter cylinder (5) links to each other with return air duct, mainly removes the thin dirt that return air duct is come, and returns circulating fan again; Circulating fan 1 (6) is installed in charging aperture below, selection by winnowing chamber, is the power set of system, and connects the dedusting filter cylinder simultaneously; Opened charging aperture, three discharging openings and three backwind tube outlets on the selection by winnowing chamber (7), shape as shown in Figure 1; Return air duct (8) is arranged on the top of selection by winnowing chamber, and the port of export links to each other with the dedusting filter cylinder; Cylinder 1 (9) is installed in the right oblique upper of heavy substance outlet; The right oblique upper of heavy substance outlet during cylinder 2 (10) is installed in; Circulating fan 2 (11) is installed between heavy substance storage silo and the middle heavy substance storage silo, specifically sees Fig. 1; Heavy substance storage silo (12) is arranged on weight outlet lower end, is used for storing the weight of house refuse such as stone, big bone, battery etc.; In heavy substance storage silo (13) be arranged in heavy substance outlet lower end, be used for storing the middle heavy substance of house refuse such as organic matter etc.; Light materials storage silo (14) is arranged on light material outlet lower end, is used for the storage of light materials such as plastics, the paper etc. of house refuse; Light thing transmission belt (15) is installed in the lower end of cylinder 2, and the light material in the house refuse is transferred to light material outlet place.
The house refuse wind selection method that the present invention relates to is mainly realized by following steps:
At first with the house refuse of collecting by magnetic separator and disintegrating machine preliminary treatment after, transmission enters air separation units through belt; Start the blower fan putting in blast, average section wind speed 8-12m/s in the control workspace, air quantity is 34000-38000m 3Behind/the h, house refuse owing to density variation, obtains sorting in the selection by winnowing chamber.Heavy substance in the house refuse such as stone, big bone, battery, metal etc. are because density more directly falls into the heavy substance storage silo; Middle heavy substance in the house refuse such as food organic matter etc. are then bumping against under the drive of wind-force on the cylinder 1, heavy substance storage silo in its guide functions falls into, and the rotating speed of cylinder 1 is 15-50 rev/min; Light materials in the house refuse such as polybag etc. then can continue motion under wind-force drives, and are transferred to light thing outlet by light thing transmission belt under the drive of guide shell 2, fall into the light materials storage silo, and the rotating speed of cylinder 2 is 30-60 rev/min.Thin dirt in the house refuse etc. is connected to the dedusting filter cylinder by return air duct and is removed, and return air returns circulating fan.Heavy substance direct landfill after simple artificial separation, middle heavy substance is used for pulp to be handled, the light materials reuse of packing through washing after, the also direct landfill of the thin dirt of dedusting filter cylinder.
House refuse pneumatic separation device provided by the invention and method have following obvious superiority:
(1) apparatus of the present invention through magnetic separator and disintegrating machine, are carried out magnetic separation and broken preliminary treatment to the selection by winnowing house refuse earlier before house refuse enters air separation units, can improve the efficiency of separation effectively.
(2) apparatus of the present invention are at the indoor two-stage water conservancy diversion cylinder that is provided with of selection by winnowing, can be respectively middle heavy substance and light materials water conservancy diversion such as corresponding recovery zone, and then realized heavy substance, middle heavy substance and light materials are separated.And traditional pneumatic separation device can only be heavy substance and light materials two big classes with sorting consumer waste.
(3) apparatus of the present invention are provided with 3 return air ducts at top, pneumatic separator selection by winnowing chamber, and return air duct links to each other with the dedusting filter cylinder and the thin dirt in the return air can be removed, and then can avoid airborne dust effectively.
(4) house refuse selection by winnowing processing method provided by the invention by the organic linking of above-mentioned treatment step, can be separated the heavy substance in the house refuse, middle heavy substance and light materials effectively, thin dirt etc. can be removed by filter cylinder.By this method house refuse is carried out sorting and can reduce machine utilization effectively, this method environmental friendliness, selection by winnowing efficient height, plant maintenance are simply easy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of life rubbish air blasting device.
Among the figure, feed belt (1), magnetic separator (2), disintegrating machine (3), charging belt (4), dedusting filter cylinder (5), circulating fan 1 (6), selection by winnowing chamber (7), return air duct (8), cylinder 1 (9), cylinder 2 (10), circulating fan 2 (11), heavy substance storage silo (12), middle heavy substance storage silo (13), light materials storage silo (14), light thing transmission belt compositions such as (15)
The specific embodiment
Application example with reference to this device and method of elaboration shown in Figure 1.
At first house refuse enters crusher in crushing after process magnetic separator magnetic separation on the feed belt, entering the selection by winnowing chamber by the transmission of the charging belt in the air separation units again, by the indoor average section wind speed of circulating fan control selection by winnowing 8m/s, air quantity 34000m 3/ h, house refuse owing to density variation, obtains sorting in the selection by winnowing chamber.Heavy substance in the house refuse is because density directly falls into the heavy substance storage silo than conference; Middle heavy substance in the house refuse bumps against water conservancy diversion cylinder 1 under the drive of wind-force, and in its guide functions falls into the heavy substance storage silo, the rotating speed of cylinder 1 is 19 rev/mins; Light materials in the house refuse then can continue to travel forward under wind-force drives, and enters the light materials storage silo by the belt pulley transmission under the drive of water conservancy diversion cylinder 2, and the rotating speed of cylinder 2 is 38 rev/mins.House refuse also contains some thin dirt also lighter than polybag, enters the dedusting filter cylinder by return air duct under wind-force drives.The heavy substance that a whole set of air separation units is collected direct landfill after simple artificial separation, middle heavy substance then can carry out fermentation process after pulp, and light materials mostly is plastics, paper etc., can be through washing the reuse of packing after moulding, the thin dirt in the dedusting filter cylinder is direct landfill also.

Claims (5)

1. pneumatic separation device that is used for house refuse, package unit comprises pretreatment unit and air separation units.Wherein pretreatment unit comprises feed belt, magnetic separator and disintegrating machine, and air separation units comprises charging belt, dedusting filter cylinder, circulating fan 1, selection by winnowing chamber, return air duct, cylinder 1, cylinder 2, circulating fan 2, heavy substance storage silo, middle heavy substance storage silo, light materials storage silo etc.
2. pneumatic separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the magnetic separator of pretreatment unit is positioned at the top 40-50cm of feed belt, and disintegrating machine is positioned at the port of export of feed belt.
3. pneumatic separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with two cylinders material is carried out water conservancy diversion in air separation units, cylinder 1 is positioned at the oblique upper 20-30cm of heavy substance outlet, and cylinder 2 is arranged in the oblique upper 20-30cm of heavy substance.
4. pneumatic separation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that at top, selection by winnowing chamber 3 return air ducts being set, and return air is connected to the dedusting filter cylinder by return air duct, returns circulating fan after udst separation.
5. the method that is used for the house refuse selection by winnowing according to the described pneumatic separation device of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: house refuse is carried out magnetic separation behind feed belt, remove metal, after crusher in crushing, enter the selection by winnowing chamber again by the charging belt transmission, by the indoor average section wind speed of circulating fan control selection by winnowing is 7-14m/s, and air quantity is 25000-35000m 3/ h, house refuse owing to density variation, obtains sorting in the selection by winnowing chamber.Heavy substance in the house refuse is because density more directly falls into the heavy substance storage silo; Middle heavy substance in the house refuse then under the synergy of wind-force and cylinder 1, falls into the heavy substance storage silo behind the water conservancy diversion, the rotating speed of cylinder 1 is controlled to be 15-50 rev/min; Light materials in the house refuse then can continue motion under wind-force drives, and enters the light materials storage silo by the belt pulley transmission under the drive of cylinder 2, and the rotating speed of cylinder 2 is controlled to be 30-60 rev/min.Return air is connected to the dedusting filter cylinder by pipeline and carries out dedusting, returns circulating fan then.
CN2010101649514A 2010-05-07 2010-05-07 Air separation device and method of garbage Expired - Fee Related CN101823019B (en)

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CN101823019B CN101823019B (en) 2011-08-31

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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102601054A (en) * 2012-03-13 2012-07-25 郑鹏程 Separating unit for classifying and separating weights in mixed garbage
CN103084335A (en) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-08 朱学智 Garbage disposal device
WO2013166823A1 (en) * 2012-05-07 2013-11-14 西安交通大学 Double-air chamber multifunctional winnowing machine for municipal solid waste
CN103752514A (en) * 2014-01-14 2014-04-30 鄂尔多斯市城市矿产研究开发有限责任公司 Negative-pressure winnowing machine with air-solid separation and dust removal functions
CN104607385A (en) * 2015-01-14 2015-05-13 上海申嘉三和环保股份有限公司 Trash sorting device and method
CN104941980A (en) * 2015-04-21 2015-09-30 河南亚太能源科技股份有限公司 Garbage classified treatment and gas purification cyclic utilization device
CN106269504A (en) * 2015-06-05 2017-01-04 北京三态环境科技有限公司 A kind of semi-vertical Domestic garbage winnowing machine
CN106890846A (en) * 2017-04-14 2017-06-27 刘全胜 A kind of house refuse multiple types screening installation
CN107244515A (en) * 2017-07-24 2017-10-13 河北极度新能源科技有限公司 A kind of environment-protection garbage truck
CN107890996A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-04-10 源创环境科技有限公司 A kind of novel household garbage pneumatic separator
CN108421712A (en) * 2017-02-12 2018-08-21 张伏辰 A kind of material separator
CN108787465A (en) * 2018-07-25 2018-11-13 河南巨峰环保科技有限公司 A kind of rubbish inclined plate vibration winnowing combination unit and sorting process
CN109513614A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-03-26 保定市方正机械厂 A kind of garbage sorting equipment
CN109701887A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-03 常州工学院 A kind of light materials separator that intelligent construction garbage regeneration utilizes
CN110152798A (en) * 2019-06-24 2019-08-23 李长征 Garbage classification system and technique
CN111872021A (en) * 2020-07-08 2020-11-03 山东电亮亮信息科技有限公司 Environment-friendly waste lithium battery recovery processing system
CN112220075A (en) * 2020-09-28 2021-01-15 衡阳市潇湘和创农业实业有限公司 Rose flower petal separation and sorting device for preparing rose sauce
CN112293785A (en) * 2019-08-02 2021-02-02 秦皇岛烟草机械有限责任公司 Blade wind separation system and method
CN112380740A (en) * 2020-10-23 2021-02-19 陕西科技大学 Method, device and equipment for simulating separation of micro-plastic in soil by winnowing and storage medium
CN112893119A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-06-04 美欣达欣智造(湖州)科技有限公司 Movable garbage winnowing machine

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JP2006111645A (en) * 2004-10-12 2006-04-27 Nippon Steel Corp Method for producing formed massive material and method for disposing of waste utilizing formed massive material
CN101249494A (en) * 2008-04-02 2008-08-27 北京金州环保发展有限公司 Wind power sorting device
CN101274321A (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-01 杨计明 Integrative fanning machine

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2261887Y (en) * 1996-06-27 1997-09-10 冯铁强 Municipal life refuse sorter
JP2006111645A (en) * 2004-10-12 2006-04-27 Nippon Steel Corp Method for producing formed massive material and method for disposing of waste utilizing formed massive material
CN101274321A (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-01 杨计明 Integrative fanning machine
CN101249494A (en) * 2008-04-02 2008-08-27 北京金州环保发展有限公司 Wind power sorting device

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103084335A (en) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-08 朱学智 Garbage disposal device
CN103084335B (en) * 2011-10-31 2015-03-18 朱学智 Garbage disposal device
CN102601054A (en) * 2012-03-13 2012-07-25 郑鹏程 Separating unit for classifying and separating weights in mixed garbage
WO2013166823A1 (en) * 2012-05-07 2013-11-14 西安交通大学 Double-air chamber multifunctional winnowing machine for municipal solid waste
CN103752514A (en) * 2014-01-14 2014-04-30 鄂尔多斯市城市矿产研究开发有限责任公司 Negative-pressure winnowing machine with air-solid separation and dust removal functions
CN104607385A (en) * 2015-01-14 2015-05-13 上海申嘉三和环保股份有限公司 Trash sorting device and method
CN104941980A (en) * 2015-04-21 2015-09-30 河南亚太能源科技股份有限公司 Garbage classified treatment and gas purification cyclic utilization device
CN106269504A (en) * 2015-06-05 2017-01-04 北京三态环境科技有限公司 A kind of semi-vertical Domestic garbage winnowing machine
CN108421712A (en) * 2017-02-12 2018-08-21 张伏辰 A kind of material separator
CN106890846A (en) * 2017-04-14 2017-06-27 刘全胜 A kind of house refuse multiple types screening installation
CN107244515A (en) * 2017-07-24 2017-10-13 河北极度新能源科技有限公司 A kind of environment-protection garbage truck
CN107890996A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-04-10 源创环境科技有限公司 A kind of novel household garbage pneumatic separator
CN108787465A (en) * 2018-07-25 2018-11-13 河南巨峰环保科技有限公司 A kind of rubbish inclined plate vibration winnowing combination unit and sorting process
CN109701887A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-03 常州工学院 A kind of light materials separator that intelligent construction garbage regeneration utilizes
CN109513614A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-03-26 保定市方正机械厂 A kind of garbage sorting equipment
CN110152798A (en) * 2019-06-24 2019-08-23 李长征 Garbage classification system and technique
CN112293785A (en) * 2019-08-02 2021-02-02 秦皇岛烟草机械有限责任公司 Blade wind separation system and method
CN111872021A (en) * 2020-07-08 2020-11-03 山东电亮亮信息科技有限公司 Environment-friendly waste lithium battery recovery processing system
CN112220075A (en) * 2020-09-28 2021-01-15 衡阳市潇湘和创农业实业有限公司 Rose flower petal separation and sorting device for preparing rose sauce
CN112380740A (en) * 2020-10-23 2021-02-19 陕西科技大学 Method, device and equipment for simulating separation of micro-plastic in soil by winnowing and storage medium
CN112893119A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-06-04 美欣达欣智造(湖州)科技有限公司 Movable garbage winnowing machine
CN112893119B (en) * 2021-01-14 2022-07-15 美欣达欣智造(湖州)科技有限公司 Movable garbage winnowing machine

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