CN112293785A - Blade wind separation system and method - Google Patents
Blade wind separation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112293785A CN112293785A CN201910707025.8A CN201910707025A CN112293785A CN 112293785 A CN112293785 A CN 112293785A CN 201910707025 A CN201910707025 A CN 201910707025A CN 112293785 A CN112293785 A CN 112293785A
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 252
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 abstract description 32
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B5/00—Stripping tobacco; Treatment of stems or ribs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种叶片风分系统及方法，包括：风分箱，风分箱内至少具有第一分离区和第二分离区；进料口，设置在风分箱上并朝向第一分离区；送风系统，送风系统的出风口朝向第一分离区并位于进料口下方；负压分离装置，设置在风分箱内，第一分离区内的部分物料通过负压分离装置进入第二分离区。通过设置风分箱、送风系统和负压分离装置，可以实现打叶后的物料的多级分离，得到不同质量等级的多种产品，即得到不同精度的产品，风分效果好，造碎率低，提高了烟叶的生产良率。
The invention discloses a blade air separation system and method, comprising: an air separation box, the air separation box has at least a first separation zone and a second separation zone; a feed inlet is arranged on the air separation box and faces the first separation air supply system, the air outlet of the air supply system faces the first separation area and is located below the feed inlet; the negative pressure separation device is set in the air separation box, and some materials in the first separation area enter through the negative pressure separation device second separation zone. By setting up the air separation box, the air supply system and the negative pressure separation device, the multi-stage separation of the material after threshing can be realized, and a variety of products of different quality grades can be obtained, that is, products with different precisions are obtained. The rate is low, which improves the production yield of tobacco leaves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tobacco manufacturing, and particularly relates to a blade wind separation system and a blade wind separation method.
Background
In the field of tobacco manufacturing, the tobacco redrying process is the most basic process, and the redried tobacco is torn, sorted and conveyed, so that the separation of tobacco strips and clean tobacco stems is finally realized. The control of the shape and size of the tobacco flakes and the tobacco stems according to the technical requirements is a key process in the whole tobacco manufacturing process, so the threshing and air separating unit is the core process of the tobacco manufacturing process. In the field of tobacco manufacturing, the threshing air separation process in the prior art has the process characteristics of grading threshing and multi-time air separation discharging, tobacco leaves are separated from tobacco stems under the tearing action of a threshing machine, and the separated tobacco leaf and tobacco stem mixture is conveyed to an air separation machine for air separation of the tobacco leaves.
The prior domestic threshing and air separating production process comprises the following steps: after the tobacco flake and tobacco stem mixture after passing through the first-stage (four) threshing machine is gathered, five air separation machines which are mutually connected in series are used for five times of air separation and discharging of the tobacco flakes, if tobacco leaves which are not separated from the tobacco stems exist after discharging, the tobacco leaves which are not separated from the tobacco stems are conveyed to the next-stage threshing machine again, and threshing is repeated. Sorting qualified tobacco flakes and tobacco stems after multi-stage threshing and multi-time air separation, wherein the material is conveyed by an air conveying device consisting of a conveying fan, a blanking device and an air pipe.
The process has the advantages that the temperature of tobacco leaves is greatly reduced and the moisture loss is large in the wind conveying and wind selecting processes, so that the large and medium tobacco flake rate is reduced, the breakage rate is increased, the tobacco stems left after wind separation flow through all threshing machines and wind separating machines and then are discharged in a centralized mode, and the usability of the tobacco stems is reduced. And the air supply device has large pipeline span, high energy consumption of the fan, large noise, poor conveying stability and easy material blockage.
The invention discloses a novel efficient energy-saving air separation machine, which adopts a venturi principle to accelerate materials, saves energy compared with the feeding of the traditional air separation machine, has an adjustable material throwing angle, loosens agglomerated materials, ensures that an air field is uniform through a plurality of air equalizing plates, adopts a screen drum to perform blanking, reduces energy consumption and has higher air separation efficiency compared with the traditional air separation machine. However, the invention can not realize multi-stage separation, and can not divide tobacco leaves into a plurality of categories, thereby reducing the product yield.
The present invention has been made in view of this situation.
Disclosure of Invention
A first object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a blade air distribution system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a blade air separation system comprising: the wind sub-box is at least provided with a first separation area and a second separation area; the feeding hole is arranged on the air separation box and faces the first separation area; the air outlet of the air supply system faces the first separation area and is positioned below the feed inlet; and the negative pressure separation device is arranged in the air separation box, and partial materials in the first separation area enter the second separation area through the negative pressure separation device.
Further, the negative pressure separation device comprises an inner layer roller and an outer layer roller, the inner layer roller is hollow, one end of the inner layer roller is provided with a negative pressure air port, the peripheral side wall of the inner layer roller facing the first separation area is provided with sieve holes, and the peripheral side wall of the inner layer roller facing the second separation area is closed; the outer layer roller is a screen cylinder and can rotate relative to the inner layer roller.
Further, the air outlet of the air supply system faces to the side, provided with the sieve holes, of the inner layer roller.
Furthermore, a material baffle plate is further arranged in the second separation area, one end of the material baffle plate is fixed at the bottom of the wind sub-box, and the other end of the material baffle plate is a free end and extends towards the upper part of the wind sub-box.
Preferably, at least the upper part of the striker plate is inclined towards the direction close to the negative pressure separation device;
preferably, the inclination angle of the upper part of the material baffle is consistent with the projection angle of the material thrown out by the negative pressure separation device.
Furthermore, the blade air separation system also comprises a negative pressure pipeline communicated with the air separation box, and an air inlet of the negative pressure pipeline faces the second separation area;
preferably, the negative pressure air port of the inner layer roller of the negative pressure separation device is communicated with the negative pressure pipeline through a pipeline.
Furthermore, an inclined baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the upper part of the air distribution box on one side, far away from the negative pressure separation device, of the second separation area, a cavity is formed between the inclined baffle and the inner wall of the air distribution box, an air inlet of the negative pressure pipeline is communicated with the cavity, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the inclined baffle;
preferably, the inclined baffle plate and the striker plate are inclined in the same direction.
Furthermore, the blade air distribution system further comprises a circulating fan, the circulating fan comprises an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air supply system is communicated with the air outlet end, and the negative pressure pipeline is communicated with the air inlet end.
Furthermore, a plurality of discharge ports are formed in the bottom of the air separation box, and each discharge port is arranged corresponding to the first separation area or the second separation area respectively;
preferably, be equipped with first discharge gate corresponding first separation zone, be equipped with second discharge gate and third discharge gate corresponding the second separation zone, separate by the striker plate between second discharge gate and the third discharge gate.
Further, a cleaning device is also arranged on the negative pressure separation device;
preferably, the cleaning nozzle includes one type of cleaning device that sprays the cleaning medium from the inside to the outside and/or two types of cleaning devices that spray the cleaning medium in a tangential direction.
A second object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, and to provide a method for operating a blade air distribution system, comprising the steps of:
s1: the treated material enters a first separation area of an air separation box through a feed inlet;
s2: the heavy materials fall down, and the medium and heavy materials and the light materials are blown to the negative pressure adsorption device by the air outlet of the air supply system;
s3: the negative pressure separation device absorbs the materials and then rotates towards the second separation area, and the materials are thrown and enter the second separation area;
preferably, the medium-heavy materials entering the second separation area fall, and the light materials fall into different discharge holes under the action of the negative pressure pipeline.
After adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. through setting up air supply system, negative pressure pipeline and negative pressure separator, can realize the multistage separation of the material after the threshing, obtain the multiple product of different quality grades, obtain the product of different precision, the air separation is effectual, makes the garrulous rate low, has improved the production yield of tobacco leaf.
2. The multistage separation is realized through the air supply system, the negative pressure pipeline and the negative pressure separation device, repeated air separation is not needed, the equipment load is reduced, and the air separation efficiency is improved.
3. The speed of the feeding high-speed belt conveyor and the material throwing angle and force of the air supply system can be adjusted according to needs in the air distribution process, and the adaptability of the equipment is greatly improved.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. feeding a high-speed belt; 2. a feed inlet; 3. a negative pressure pipeline; 3.1, a first air inlet; 3.2, an air inlet end 4 and an air branch box; 4.1, a wind distribution box body; 4.2, a return air pipeline; 4.3, a negative pressure separation device; 4.4, a striker plate; 4.5, cleaning the nozzle; 4.6, an outer layer roller; 4.7, an inner layer roller; 4.8, a central shaft; 4.9, a negative pressure tuyere; 5. a discharging belt A; 6. a support; 7. a discharging belt B; 8. a discharging belt C; 9. an air supply system; 9.1, a wind-equalizing screen plate; 9.2, a blowpipe; 9.3, a telescopic pipe; 9.4, an air outlet; 9.5, an air outlet end; 10. a circulating fan; 11. a discharge port; 12. a first separation zone; 13. a second separation zone; 14. outer layer roller driving device
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention is composed of a feeding high-speed belt 1, a negative pressure pipeline 3, an air separating box 4, a plurality of discharging belts, an air supply system 9 and the like; the air separation box 4 is internally provided with a plurality of separation areas such as a first separation area 12, a second separation area 13 and a third separation area … …, the feeding port 2 is arranged on the air separation box and faces the first separation area 12, the feeding port 2 is correspondingly provided with a feeding high-speed belt 1, and the feeding high-speed belt 1 conveys materials to the first separation area 12; the air separation box 4 comprises a negative pressure separation device 4.3, an air return pipeline 4.2 and a baffle plate 4.4, the negative pressure pipeline 3 comprises a first air inlet 3.1, a circulating fan 10 and an air outlet 9.4, the air outlet 9.4 is arranged towards the first separation area and is positioned at the lower part of the feed inlet 2 of the air separation box 4, and the air outlet 9.4 lifts materials thrown out of the first separation area by utilizing wind power; more preferably, air supply system's air outlet is equipped with the one side of sieve mesh towards the inlayer cylinder, and this setting mode can make the material wind divide the effect better. The first air inlet 3.1 is arranged at the upper part of the air distribution box and faces the second separation area, a negative pressure system is formed in the second separation area, and the blades with lighter weight are adsorbed and separated; and the negative pressure separation device is arranged in the air separation box, and partial materials in the first separation area enter the second separation area through the negative pressure separation device. The outlet of the circulating fan is divided into two paths: one path is connected with an air supply system 9 to further lift materials through wind power; the other path is connected with the negative pressure pipeline 3 to pump air and dust in the air distribution box, and the negative pressure pipeline forms negative pressure in the air distribution box 4 and simultaneously realizes the dust removal effect. According to the invention, the blades after threshing are divided into a plurality of grades according to different weights under the negative pressure action and the wind power action of the air outlet, and the blades are output through the discharge end, so that the method can divide the blades into different grades through one-time wind circulation, has good wind division effect and low leaf crushing rate, and can adjust the speed of the feeding high-speed belt and the angle and force of the air supply system according to needs in the wind division process, thereby greatly improving the adaptability of the equipment; the wind separation system can effectively reduce the load of equipment and improve the wind separation efficiency.
As shown in fig. 1, the negative pressure separation device 4.3 described in this embodiment is disposed between adjacent separation areas, that is, the material enters another separation area adjacent to the negative pressure separation device from the first separation area through the negative pressure separation device 4.3, and the embodiment is as follows:
the first method is as follows:
the device is internally provided with a negative pressure separation device which is arranged between a first separation area 12 and a second separation area 13 of the wind box, a feeding high-speed belt 1 conveys materials to the first separation area 12, an air supply system lifts the materials thrown out of the first separation area 12 by wind power, wherein heavy materials (stems and products with leaves) fall onto a discharge belt C8 corresponding to the first separation area 12 and are output; the medium-heavy material (leaf and stem containing product) enters the second separation area 13 through the negative pressure separation device and falls onto the discharging belt B7 corresponding to the second separation area 13, and the qualified leaves fall onto the discharging belt A5 through the negative pressure effect generated by the first air inlet 3.1 and are further output.
The scheme realizes the purpose that the blades are divided into three grades of blades in one wind cycle, and the leaf crushing rate is low.
The second method comprises the following steps:
the device is provided with two negative pressure separation devices, the first negative pressure separation device is arranged between a first separation area and a second separation area, the second negative pressure separation device is arranged between the second separation area and a third separation area, a feeding high-speed belt 1 conveys materials to the first separation area, an air supply system lifts the materials thrown out of the first separation area by wind power, wherein heavy materials (stems and stems containing leaf products) fall into a discharge belt corresponding to the first separation area, medium-heavy materials (leaves containing stem products) enter the second separation area through the first negative pressure separation device and fall into a discharge belt corresponding to the second separation area, meanwhile, lighter materials (leaves containing less leaf products) enter the third separation area under the negative pressure action of the second negative pressure separation device and fall onto a discharge belt corresponding to the third separation area, qualified leaves fall into the discharge belt A through the negative pressure action generated by a first air inlet 3.1, and (5) further outputting. The scheme realizes the purpose that the blades are divided into four grades of blades in one wind cycle, the leaf crushing rate is low, and the obtained blade is high in utilization rate.
Similar to the above mode, the number of the negative pressure separation devices in the device can be adjusted according to the threshing condition of the blades and the user requirements, the blades with the required grade number are obtained, the selectivity is flexible, and different requirements of different users can be met.
As shown in fig. 1, the negative pressure separation device 4.3 in the blade air separation system of the present invention includes an inner layer roller 4.7 and an outer layer roller 4.6, two end faces of the inner layer roller 4.7 are sealed, two end faces of the outer layer roller 4.6 are also sealed, so that the inner layer roller 4.7 and the outer layer roller 4.6 form a closed cylinder structure, the inner layer roller 4.7 is a hollow cylinder, one end of the inner cylinder roller is provided with a negative pressure air port 4.9, i.e. a negative pressure air port, for generating negative pressure, the outer layer roller 4.7 is provided with a sieve hole on the peripheral side wall facing the first separation area, and is sealed toward the peripheral side wall of the second separation area, the outer layer roller 4.6 is provided with a screen cylinder and can rotate relative to the inner layer roller, when the negative pressure air port 4.9 discharges air under the external force, a negative pressure is formed in the inner layer roller 4.7, the negative pressure in the inner layer roller 4.7 acts on the outer layer roller through the sieve hole provided on the, so that the blades of the first separation area 12 are adsorbed on the outer layer roller 4.7 to realize the separation of the heavy materials from the materials, wherein the negative pressure forming mode in the inner layer roller 4.7 is selectable.
The first method is as follows:
the negative pressure pipeline comprises a second air inlet, the second air inlet is correspondingly connected with a negative pressure air port 4.9 of the negative pressure separation device, the second air inlet is connected with the circulating fan through an air inlet end 3.2, namely, air in the inner layer roller 4.7 is pumped out through the circulating fan 10 in the negative pressure pipeline through the negative pressure air port 4.9, negative pressure is further formed in the inner layer roller 4.7, further, air pumped out through the negative pressure air port 4.9 enters the negative pressure pipeline, the air flows through the circulating fan through a pipeline and is blown into the first separation area through the air supply system 9, a complete negative pressure pipeline is formed, the structure is simple, the practicability is high, and meanwhile, the equipment space can be saved.
The second method comprises the following steps:
convulsions structure of fixed connection on the negative pressure wind gap, this structure is independent of the negative pressure pipeline, act on the air outlet alone, take out the gas in inlayer cylinder 4.7, form the negative pressure state in making inlayer cylinder 4.7, further the sieve mesh that corresponds the feed inlet through inlayer cylinder 4.7 adsorbs the blade on outer cylinder 4.6, wherein, convulsions structure can be selected as required, so that the size of regulation and control wind-force, the negative pressure regulation and control of equipment in this embodiment is nimble, can satisfy user's demand by very big limit.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the inner roller 4.7 is fixedly connected with the wind separation box 4, the blade wind separation system includes an outer roller driving device 14, and the outer roller 4.6 is fixedly connected with the outer roller driving device 14, wherein the fixed connection mode is selectable, such as: bonding, block, riveting etc, drive through outer cylinder drive arrangement 14 and drive outer cylinder 4.6 rotary motion, further will adsorb the blade on outer cylinder 4.6 and pass through outer cylinder rotation to second disengagement zone, because interior bucket structure 4.7 is the structure of sealed sclausura at the opposite side that is provided with the sieve mesh side, so can not form the negative pressure in the space that this sclausura side and outer cylinder 4.6 formed, so rotatory to this no negative pressure region when outer cylinder 4.6, the blade can drop, the blade gets into the second disengagement zone promptly, further isolate qualified blade under the effect of first air intake.
The relative position of the inner layer roller 4.7 and the outer layer roller 4.6 is the inner layer and the outer layer, preferably, the inner layer roller 4.7 and the outer layer roller 4.6 are coaxially arranged, the outer layer roller rotates around a shaft under the driving action of the outer layer roller driving device 14, and the rotating speed of the outer layer roller can be adjusted according to the amount of materials and the size of negative pressure. Mode through the coaxial setting of inlayer cylinder 4.7 and outer cylinder 4.6 can make the material absorption on negative pressure separator and throw away the effect better, and further, inlayer cylinder and wind divide case fixed connection, and its fixed connection's mode is optional, if: bonding, riveting, block etc. and preferred inlayer cylinder is divided the case with wind and is passed through center pin 4.8 fixed connection, and this fixed mode has saved the space promptly, can also reduce cost simultaneously, and the center pin has both guaranteed inlayer cylinder 4.7 and outer cylinder 4.6's relative position promptly, plays the fixed action simultaneously, and the effect is better.
The shapes of the inner barrel structure 4.7 and the outer layer roller 4.6 can be selected according to requirements, and can be set as follows: the polygonal cylinder or the cylindrical cylinder or the inner cylinder structure 4.7 and the outer cylinder 4.6 can be in different cross cylinder shapes, such as: the inner barrel structure is cylindrical, the outer layer roller is polygonal barrel-shaped, or the inner barrel structure is polygonal barrel-shaped, the outer layer roller is cylindrical, or the inner layer roller and the outer layer roller are both polygonal barrel-shaped; preferably, the effect that inner drum and outer cylinder are cylindric tubular structure is better, and the material adsorption capacity is more, and adsorption affinity and separation force distribute more evenly.
As shown in figure 1, the air separation box 4 comprises a material baffle 4.4, the material baffle 4.4 is arranged between a negative pressure separation device 4.3 and a first air inlet 3.1 of a negative pressure pipeline 3, so that qualified materials are separated from other grades of materials, recovery of qualified blades is better realized, and the separated materials smoothly fall onto each discharging belt at the lower part to be conveyed out. One end of the striker plate is fixed at the bottom of the wind sub-box, and the other end of the striker plate is a free end and extends towards the upper part of the wind sub-box. The striker plate highly is less than negative pressure separator's height in the wind is divided the case, and the number of striker plate can design according to the actual demand, can be one or more, and the number of baffle is more, and the material that obtains is also more in grades, if:
the first method is as follows:
a material baffle is arranged between the negative pressure separation device 4.3 and the first air inlet 3.1 of the negative pressure pipeline 3, so that the purpose of dividing materials thrown out by the rotation of the negative pressure separation device 4.3 into two types according to weight is achieved.
The second method comprises the following steps:
two material baffle plates 4.4 are arranged between the negative pressure separation device 4.3 and the first air inlet 3.1 of the negative pressure pipeline 3, so that the purpose of dividing materials thrown out by the rotation of the negative pressure separation device 4.3 into three types according to weight is realized.
The above embodiments are only examples of the present solution, and the number of the specific striker plates 4.4 may not be limited to the above two embodiments. According to the invention, the material baffle plate has an inclination angle, namely the upper part of the material baffle plate inclines towards the direction of the negative pressure separation device or the upper part of the material baffle plate 4.4 is provided with a bend, the upper part of the material baffle plate inclines towards the upper part of the negative pressure separation device through the bending angle, materials with different qualities can be effectively separated through the material baffle plate, and the phenomenon of material mixing of the separated materials can be avoided.
The air separation box 4 comprises a plurality of discharge ends, and the discharge ends are arranged at the lower part of the air separation box and correspond to the separation zones so as to convey materials with different grades respectively.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in the present invention, a plurality of discharge ports are arranged at the bottom of the air separation box, each discharge port is arranged corresponding to the first separation area or the second separation area, a first discharge port is arranged corresponding to the first separation area, a second discharge port and a third discharge port are arranged corresponding to the second separation area, and the second discharge port and the third discharge port are separated by a baffle plate. As shown in fig. 3, the air separation box 4 includes a first separation area 12 and a second separation area 13, the negative pressure separation device 4 is disposed between the first separation area 12 and the second separation area 13, the first separation area 12 is provided with a feeding port 2, the air outlet 9.4 is disposed at the lower portion of the feeding port 2 of the air separation box 4, and the first air inlet 3.1 is disposed at the upper portion of the air separation box 4 corresponding to the feeding end of the second separation area 13. Wherein, wind branch case 4 passes through support 6 to be supported, and first subregion 12 corresponds discharge end ejection of compact belt C8, and second subregion 13 corresponds discharge end ejection of compact belt B7, and ejection of compact belt A5 sets up at the device end, and wherein be provided with the striker plate between ejection of compact belt B7 and the ejection of compact belt A5 for carry qualified material.
In the invention, the air inlet of the negative pressure pipeline faces the second separation area 13, and negative pressure is further formed in the second separation area, wherein the air inlet of the negative pressure pipeline has various design modes:
the first method is as follows:
the air inlet of the negative pressure pipeline is directly communicated with the second separation area, the end face of the air inlet can be an inclined end face or a vertical end face, and preferably, the air inlet of the negative pressure pipeline is arranged to be an inclined end face, so that the formed material adsorption area is large, and the adsorption effect is good.
The second method comprises the following steps:
according to the invention, an inclined baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the upper part of the air distribution box 4 on one side of the second separation area 13 far away from the negative pressure separation device 4.3, a cavity is formed between the inclined baffle and the inner wall of the air distribution box, an air inlet of a negative pressure pipeline is communicated with the cavity, a plurality of through holes are formed in the inclined baffle, the through holes in the inclined baffle of the air inlet of the negative pressure pipeline form negative pressure in the second separation area, the inclined baffle provided with the plurality of through holes is the first air inlet 3.1, the area of the first air inlet 3.1 is increased, and the adsorption separation effect of materials is better. Preferentially, the first air inlets 3.1 incline towards the inclined direction of the material baffle plate, the adsorption efficiency of materials can be further increased, preferentially, the inclination angle of the first air inlets 3.1 is consistent with the inclination angle of the upper part of the material baffle plate, the adsorption and separation effects are best, the materials are thrown out from the negative pressure separation device and are adsorbed by the negative pressure generated by the first air inlets 3.1, and the materials are isolated by the isolation plate and finally collected as qualified products.
The feeding mode of the invention is optional, the materials can be directly thrown in or conveyed by the feeding high-speed belt 1, the feeding high-speed belt 1 comprises a belt conveyor and a position adjusting mechanism, one end of the belt conveyor is communicated with the air distribution chamber 4, the position adjusting mechanism is connected with the belt conveyor, and the throwing distance and the throwing angle of the materials are adjusted by adjusting the relative position of the belt conveyor and the negative pressure separation device and changing the running speed of the belt conveyor.
The air supply system 9 comprises an air-equalizing screen plate 9.1, a blowing pipe 9.2, a telescopic pipe 9.3, an air outlet end 9.5 and an air outlet 9.4, the air supply system 9 is connected with the air outlet end of the circulating fan 10 through the air outlet end 9.5, the air-equalizing screen plate 9.1 ensures that the uniformity of air blown out by the circulating fan 10 is good when the air enters the air branch chamber 4, and the material throwing distance and throwing angle are changed by adjusting the air quantity and air speed of the fan and the angle of the telescopic pipe.
The negative pressure separation device 4.3 is provided with a cleaning device which can be arranged at the bottom of the outer layer roller and comprises a first type cleaning device for spraying cleaning media from inside to outside and/or a second type cleaning device for spraying the cleaning media along the tangential direction. Specifically, the cleaning device relates to a plurality of cleaning nozzles 4.5, the cleaning nozzles 4.5 are through holes positioned on an outer layer roller of the negative pressure separation device, the cleaning nozzles arranged at the lower end of the negative pressure separation device play a role of cleaning the inner layer roller and the outer layer roller, one of the cleaning nozzles is blown from inside to outside, namely, dirt in a screen hole of the outer layer roller is blown off by blowing from inside to outside, the other one is blown off in a tangential direction of the roller body, and the dirt attached to the inner side wall of the outer layer roller is further blown off by blowing in the tangential direction, and the screen roller is further cleaned.
According to the invention, the feed port 2 corresponds to one side of the negative pressure separation device 4.3 far away from the bottom of the air separation box, the distance from the feed port 2 to the bottom of the air separation box is smaller than the distance from the top of the negative pressure separation device to the bottom of the air separation box, the air outlet is positioned at the lower end of the feed port 2 and on the same side wall as the feed port, the air outlet faces one side of the inner layer roller of the negative pressure separation device, which is provided with sieve holes, the blowing and adsorption effects of materials in the arrangement mode are better, more preferably, the air outlet and the feed port 2 are positioned on the same straight line of the same side wall of the air separation box, the air outlet and the feed port 2 correspond to the same point on the negative pressure separation device, and the corresponding point, the air outlet and the feed port 2 form an equilateral triangle.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a blade wind separation method, which mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: the treated material enters a first separation area of an air separation box through a feed inlet;
s2: the heavy materials fall down, and the medium and heavy materials and the light materials are blown to the negative pressure adsorption device by the air outlet of the air supply system;
s3: the negative pressure separation device absorbs the materials and then rotates towards the second separation area, and the materials are thrown and enter the second separation area;
preferably, the medium-heavy materials entering the second separation area fall, and the light materials fall into different discharge holes under the action of the negative pressure pipeline.
In step S1, the method for feeding the material into the first separation area includes:
s11: directly pouring the materials into a material port to enter a first separation area;
s12: the material enters the first separation zone through a material conveyor belt. Wherein the angle and the height of the material conveying belt can be adjusted, and the throwing height of the feeding can be further adjusted.
In step S2, the method for blowing the material to the negative pressure adsorption device includes:
s21: the independent blowing structure blows the materials to the negative pressure adsorption device;
s22: air in the negative pressure separation device is sucked out through the circulating air structure, and the sucked air is used for blowing the materials to the negative pressure adsorption device.
In step S3, the method for forming negative pressure in the negative pressure pipeline includes: :
s41: the materials are connected with a negative pressure pipeline through an independent negative pressure device to further adsorb and separate the materials;
s42: the negative pressure pipeline is used as a part of the circulating air system to pump out air of the second separation area, so that negative pressure is further formed in the second separation area, and materials are further adsorbed and separated.
The air blowing structure acting on the first separation area and the air inlet structure acting on the second separation area through the circulating air system form an air path circulating system, so that the multistage separation of materials is further realized, the energy is saved, the materials with different quality grades can be efficiently separated through air, and the broken blade rate of the blades is reduced.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
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