CN101809256A - 排气净化装置 - Google Patents

排气净化装置 Download PDF

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CN101809256A
CN101809256A CN200880109161A CN200880109161A CN101809256A CN 101809256 A CN101809256 A CN 101809256A CN 200880109161 A CN200880109161 A CN 200880109161A CN 200880109161 A CN200880109161 A CN 200880109161A CN 101809256 A CN101809256 A CN 101809256A
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exhaust
exhaust gas
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本多幸太郎
野崎真仁
栗田弘之
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UD Trucks Corp
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Abstract

提出一种布设制约少、能实现节省空间的排气净化装置。在本发明的排气净化装置中，将收纳氧化催化剂和PM收集过滤器的筒形的第1箱体10以及收纳还原催化剂和氨氧化催化剂的筒形的第2箱体20靠近配置，使得相互的轴线10a、20a大致平行，并且将这两个箱体的远端部彼此连接的连通管30被配置成该连通管的轴线30a与箱体的轴线10a、20a大致平行。并且，从第1箱体10至第2箱体20的排气流路由于连通管30而发生折返，向排气中喷射液体还原剂的喷嘴31配设于连通管30中。

Description

排气净化装置
技术领域
本发明涉及发动机的排气净化装置，特别地涉及具备选择还原催化剂(SCR)和粒子状物质(PM)收集过滤器的排气净化装置。
背景技术
作为清除发动机的排气所含有的氮氧化物(NOX)的排气净化装置，近年来，提出了SCR式的排气净化装置。在该排气净化装置中，在排气系中配设还原催化剂，在该还原催化剂的排气上游从喷嘴喷射来添加还原剂，由此使排气中的NOX与还原剂发生催化还原反应，将NOX净化处理成无害成分。该还原反应使用与NOX反应性良好的氨，作为用于该用途的还原剂，使用容易由排气热和排气中的水蒸气进行水解从而产生氨的尿素水溶液、氨水溶液或者HC系等液体还原剂(连同其前体称为液体还原剂)。
另外，最近，随着排出气体限制的强化，也实现了除了清除NOX之外还具备PM收集功能的SCR式的排气净化装置。该情况下，在配设有还原催化剂和在该还原催化剂的排气上游喷射液体还原剂的喷嘴的排气系中，还必须增加配置PM收集用过滤器，需要考虑对喷嘴和还原氧化剂添加PM收集过滤器的布设，来实现节省空间。因此，提出了例如如专利文献1所述的排气净化装置。
在该排气净化装置中，具备收纳用于对排气中的一氧化氮进行氧化的氧化催化剂和PM收集过滤器的第1箱体和收纳还原催化剂和用于对剩余氨进行氧化的氨氧化催化剂的第2箱体，配设有对连接在该第1箱体和第2箱体之间的配管喷射液体还原剂的喷嘴。并且，隔着车辆框架配置第1箱体和第2箱体(即横向设置)，由此能够使车辆前后方向尺寸紧凑(文献段落0006、0007、0009)。
专利文献1：日本特开2007-040224号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
在专利文献1中记载的排气净化装置中，为了使液体还原剂在排气中均匀地扩散，连接配管必须具有一定的长度，因此，配设有横穿车辆框架的连接配管(文献段落0010)。即，在这种排气净化装置中，为了使液体还原剂均匀地扩散，必须确保连接配管的长度，因此有如下的制约：对从排气上游向下游的长度方向的大小的小型化比较困难，仅能布设成如专利文献1所述的那样。
本发明着眼于这种技术背景，提出布设制约更小、能进一步地实现节省空间的排气净化装置。
用于解决问题的方案
在此提出的排气净化装置的特征在于：将筒形的第1箱体和筒形的第2箱体靠近配置，使得相互的轴线大致平行，其中，所述筒形的第1箱体至少收纳有收集排气中的PM的过滤器，所述筒形的第2箱体至少收纳有由液体还原剂对氮氧化物进行还原净化的还原催化剂，并且，将这两个箱体的远端部彼此连接的连通管配置成该连通管的轴线与上述箱体的轴线大致平行，从第1箱体至第2箱体的排气流路由于连通管而发生折返，向排气中喷射液体还原剂的喷嘴配设于连通管中。
第1箱体能够在比PM收集过滤器靠排气上游侧，收纳将排气中的一氧化氮氧化成二氧化氮的氧化催化剂，另外，第2箱体能够在比还原催化剂靠排气下游侧，收纳对排气中的氨进行氧化的氨氧化催化剂。
发明效果
在上面所提出的排气净化装置中，用连通管将并列配置的两个筒形箱体的远端部彼此(即位于相互相反的一侧的远处的端部彼此)连接，由此能够获取连通管的长度。因此，若在该连通管的端侧配设液体还原剂的喷嘴，能够得到液体还原剂的均匀扩散所需的足够的管长。并且，通过并列配置两个筒形箱体并且配置将其远端部彼此连接的连通管的构造来使排气流路发生折返，因此能够缩小从排气上游向下游的长度方向的尺寸，无需采用如以往那样的跨过车辆框架的连接配管等的布设。
根据上面所提出的排气净化装置，能够确保液体还原剂均匀扩散所需的足够长度的连通管，并且也实现将连通管控制在大致平行排列的两个箱体的轮廓(投影面积)内的、与方形的消声器相当的紧凑形态，没有如以往那样的布设制约，还能够实现进一步地节省空间。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施方式的排气净化装置的平面图。
图2是本发明的实施方式的排气净化装置的立体图。
图3是说明本发明的实施方式的排气净化装置的内部的透视图。
附图标记说明
10：第1箱体；10a：轴线；11：流入口；12：排出口；20：第2箱体；20a：轴线；21：流入口；22：排出口；30：连通管；30a：轴线；31：喷嘴。
具体实施方式
图1～图3表示本发明的实施方式。该实施方式的排气净化装置作为一个例子设置于柴油发动机的排气系，结构是具备如上所述的SCR和PM收集过滤器。
该实施方式的排气净化装置包括筒形的第1箱体10、相同的筒形的第2箱体20以及将该箱体10、20的远端部彼此连接的连通管30。第1箱体10和第2箱体20相互并列靠近配置，使得其轴线10a和轴线20a大致平行(以目测平行的程度即可)。并且，连通管30也配置成其轴线30a与箱体10、20的轴线10a、20a大致平行(同样地以目测平行的程度即可)。
在第1箱体10中，在排气上游端部形成有流入口11，并且在排气下游端部形成有排出口12。在本例的情况下，流入口11形成在排气上游端部的端面，排出口12形成在排气下游端部的侧面。并且，在该流入口11和排出口12之间，串行地排列收纳有氧化催化剂13和过滤器14。氧化催化剂13将排气中的一氧化氮氧化成二氧化氮，过滤器14收集排气中的PM，氧化催化剂13位于排气上游侧(图3)。
在第2箱体20中，在排气上游端部形成有流入口21，并且在排气下游端部形成有排出口22。在本例的情况下，流入口21和排出口22两方都形成在端部侧面。并且，在该流入口21和排出口22之间串行地排列收纳有还原催化剂23和氨氧化催化剂24。还原催化剂23利用液体还原剂对氮化氧化物进行还原净化，氨氧化催化剂24对排气中的氨进行氧化，还原催化剂23位于排气上游侧(图3)。
连通管30将箱体10、20的远端部彼此连接，即将作为位于相互相反的一侧的远的一方端部的、第1箱体10的排气下游端部的排出口12和第2箱体20的排气上游端部的流入口21彼此连接。因此，发动机的排气从流入口11流入第1箱体10，通过氧化催化剂13和过滤器14从排出口12进入到连通管30内。然后，经过连通管30从流入口21流入第2箱体20，通过还原催化剂23和氨氧化催化剂24从排出口22排出。即，从第1箱体10经由连通管30至第2箱体20的排气的流路由于连通管而折返一次。
另外，连通管30是在两端形成有用于与排出口12和流入口21连接的弯曲部分的直线状直管，在相对于其排出口12的曲折部分配设有喷嘴31，向直线状的管内喷射液体还原剂(图3中的虚线)。由此，确保液体还原剂向排气中均匀扩散所需的足够的直线长度。此外，也能够在连通管30内设置网眼状等的扩散板来辅助均匀扩散。
根据这种排气净化装置，使两个箱体10、20靠近来并列配置，其轮廓(投影面积)是与方形的消声器相当的紧凑尺寸。并且，以连通管30将两个箱体10、20的远端部彼此连接，由此得到液体还原剂的均匀扩散所需的足够的管长，并且还将连通管30控制在该两个箱体10、20的轮廓内，缩小了从排气上游向下游的长度方向的尺寸。
在上面的实施方式中，作为第1箱体和第2箱体10、20，例示采用圆形截面的筒形的箱体，但是不限于此，也可以采用多边形截面的筒形的箱体。或者，也可以采用如下构造：将一个箱体的内部分割成两半来形成第1箱体和第2箱体，从而将两个箱体并列地靠近配置。

Claims (3)

1.一种排气净化装置，其特征在于：
将筒形的第1箱体和筒形的第2箱体靠近配置，使得彼此的轴线大致平行，其中，
所述筒形的第1箱体至少收纳过滤器，该过滤器收集排气中的粒子状物质，
所述筒形的第2箱体至少收纳由液体还原剂对氮氧化物进行还原净化的还原催化剂，并且
将这两个箱体的远端部彼此连接的连通管被配置成该连通管的轴线与上述箱体的轴线大致平行，
从上述第1箱体至上述第2箱体的排气流路由于上述连通管而发生折返，
向排气中喷射上述液体还原剂的喷嘴配设于上述连通管中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排气净化装置，其特征在于：
在上述第1箱体的比上述过滤器靠排气上游侧，收纳有将排气中的一氧化氮氧化成二氧化氮的氧化催化剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的排气净化装置，其特征在于：
在上述第2箱体的比上述还原催化剂靠排气下游侧，收纳有对排气中的氨进行氧化的氨氧化催化剂。
CN200880109161A 2007-09-28 2008-04-23 排气净化装置 Pending CN101809256A (zh)

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