CN101772885B - 表面声波驱动电路及其振荡器 - Google Patents

表面声波驱动电路及其振荡器 Download PDF

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CN101772885B
CN101772885B CN2008801019046A CN200880101904A CN101772885B CN 101772885 B CN101772885 B CN 101772885B CN 2008801019046 A CN2008801019046 A CN 2008801019046A CN 200880101904 A CN200880101904 A CN 200880101904A CN 101772885 B CN101772885 B CN 101772885B
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resonator
drive circuit
circuit
reactive components
voltage
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CN101772885A (zh
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圭多·莫伊拉吉
卢卡·莫伊拉吉
保罗·莫伊拉吉
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STE S.R.L.
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Guido Moiraji Electronic Communications LP
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/30—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator
    • H03B5/32—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator
    • H03B5/326—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator the resonator being an acoustic wave device, e.g. SAW or BAW device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/02—Details
    • H03B5/06—Modifications of generator to ensure starting of oscillations

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  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)

Abstract

记载了一种表面波谐振器(X1)的驱动电路；该谐振器包括静电电容器(Co)，驱动电路用于向该谐振器提供电压(Vx)。驱动电路包括电抗部件(L3)，该电抗部件用于以所述谐振器在所述电压进行初始驱动期间的预定频率与所述谐振器的所述静电电容器(Co)谐振；驱动电路还包括用于使振荡控制在预定频率的无源部件(R3)。

Description

表面声波驱动电路及其振荡器
技术领域
本发明涉及表面波谐振器驱动电路及其振荡器。
背景技术
已知通过石英或压电谐振器来稳定振荡频率的振荡器。当前，使用表面声波(SAW，Surface Acoustic Wave)的振荡器用于无线电频率信号和数据发射系统；所述谐振器主要用在ISM(工业、科学和医学，Industrial，Scientific and Medical)频段以及用于SRD(短程装置，ShortRange Device)。
使用SAW谐振器的振荡器电路表现出一定的开始振荡初始延迟，大约在20或30微秒。
发明内容
假设了上述技术状态，本发明的目的是提供使得可以在大约百毫微秒极快地开始振荡的表面波谐振器驱动电路。
根据本发明，通过表面波谐振器驱动电路来实现这样的目的，所述谐振器包括静电电容器和用于对所述谐振器提供电压的所述驱动电路，其特征在于，该表面波谐振器驱动电路包括电抗部件(reactivemeans)，电抗部件用于以所述谐振器在所述电压进行初始驱动期间的预定频率与所述谐振器的静电电容器谐振，所述驱动电路还包括用于使振荡控制在预定频率的无源部件，所述电抗部件的取值使得自向所述表面波谐振器施加所述电压起的预定初始时间段之后，电抗部件的值相对于表面波谐振器的总电抗能忽略不计。
附图说明
根据下面对以非限定性例子的方式在附图中示出的实用实施例的详细说明，本发明的特征和优点将变得清楚，其中：
图1示出根据现有技术的考毕子(Colpitts)振荡器的电路图；
图2示出SAW谐振器及其等效电路；
图3示出根据本发明的振荡器；
图4示出在启动步骤期间的图3中的振荡器；
图5示出在运行步骤期间的图3中的振荡器。
具体实施方式
图1示出根据现有技术的考毕子振荡器的电路图。所述振荡器包括双极晶体管Q1，双极晶体管Q1具有基极，基极与电阻器Rl的一端连接，电阻器Rl另一端与极化电压Vb连接，基极与地GND之间布置了电容器C1。晶体管Q1还具有发射极，发射极通过电阻器R2与电容器C2的并联与地GND耦接；以及晶体管Q1还具有集电极，集电极通过电感器L1耦接至电源Vcc；在电源与地GND之间布置了电容器C4，以及在晶体管Q1的发射极与集电极之间布置了另一电容器C1。
图2示出SAW谐振器X1及其等效电路，等效电路包括电容器Co，电容器Co并联至电容器Cm、电感器Lm和电阻器Rm(动态电容器、电感器和电阻器)的串联，该串联表示SAW谐振器的机械特性的等效电子结构。
图3示出根据本发明的振荡器。该振荡器包括例如图1中考毕子电路等的驱动电路，驱动电路通过布置在晶体管Q1的集电极与谐振器X1之间的电阻器R3与电感器L3的并联，耦接至SAW谐振器X1。在这样的电路图中，考毕子电路变成表面波谐振器X1的驱动电路；谐振器X1包括静电电容器Co，以及所述驱动电路用于向所述谐振器提供电压Vx。驱动电路包括电抗部件，即电感器L3，电感器L3的取值使得电感器L3以谐振器在所述电压Vx初始驱动期间的预定频率Fo与谐振器的所述静电电容器Co谐振；驱动电路包括无源部件，即电阻器R3，电阻器R3用于在运行期间使振荡控制并维持在所述预定频率Fo。
图4示出在启动步骤期间的图3中的振荡器，其中，为了更清楚地说明，示出了替代并联电路R3和L3的等效串联电路R3eq和L3eq。紧接在该步骤之后的步骤是向晶体管Q1的基极施加极化电压Vb，这使得可以向谐振器X1施加电压Vx；在这种情况下，谐振器X1是静态的，并且在该等效电路中仅表现为静电电容器Co。电感器L3eq的取值使得在它的电抗可以与频率Fo时的电容器Co的电抗相互消隐；电阻器R3eq的存在使得可以在频率Fo附近启动振荡。
图5示出运行步骤期间的图3中的振荡器。在大约50毫微秒的短时间段之后，SAW谐振器克服了机械惯性，开始振荡，并且电路变为如图5所示。电感器L3的值相对于X1的总电抗Lm的值可忽略不计。谐振器X1的等效电路在谐振器频率时表现出非常高的阻抗，并且通过电阻器R3，促使谐振器以与频率Fo相等的并联谐振频率振荡。
优选地，增加电感器L2，将其与电容器C2串联；这可以减小因电压Vb从零至正常值的变化所引起的振荡器的频率变化。
一种驱动电路，该驱动电路具有值从极少毫微亨利到几百毫微亨利不等的电感器L1、L2和L3，具有值在大约一微微法拉或几十微微法拉的电容器C1和C2，以及具有值在大约几百欧姆的电阻器R3，该驱动电路可以驱动SAW谐振器，使得SAW谐振器能够在大约一百毫微秒极快地开始振荡。
驱动电路的实施例包括如下序列的值：在频率为Fo＝434Mhz时，L1＝18nH，L2＝3.3nH，L3＝82nH，Cl＝8pF，C2＝18pF，R3＝470欧姆。另一驱动电路的实施例包括如下序列的值：在频率为Fo＝315Mhz时，L1＝22nH，L2＝3.3nH，L3＝150nH，Cl＝12pF，C2＝22pF，R3＝470欧姆。

Claims (8)

1.一种表面波谐振器(X1)的驱动电路，所述谐振器包括静电电容器(Co)和用于向所述谐振器提供电压(Vx)的所述驱动电路，其特征在于，所述驱动电路包括电抗部件(L3)，所述电抗部件(L3)用于以所述谐振器在所述电压进行初始驱动期间的预定频率与所述谐振器的静电电容器(Co)谐振，所述驱动电路还包括用于使振荡控制在所述预定频率的无源部件(R3)，所述驱动电路包括考毕子电路通过所述无源部件与所述电抗部件的并联耦接至表面波谐振器；所述考毕子电路包括双极晶体管，所述并联布置在双极晶体管(Q1)的集电极与表面波谐振器之间，所述电抗部件(L3)的取值使得自向所述表面波谐振器施加所述电压起的预定初始时间段之后，电抗部件的值相对于表面波谐振器(X1)的总电抗能忽略不计。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电路，其特征在于，所述无源部件(R3)用于迫使表面波谐振器在所述预定的初始时间段之后，基本上以所述预定频率振荡。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电路，其特征在于，所述电抗部件是电感器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电路，其特征在于，所述无源部件是电阻器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电路，其特征在于，还包括双极晶体管，所述双极晶体管具有通过第一电感器(L1)耦合至电源(Vcc)的集电极，具有通过第一电阻器(R1)耦合在极化电压的基极，以及具有通过第二电阻器(R2)及第二电容器(C2)的并联与地(GND)耦接的发射极，所述电路还包括布置在所述集电极和所述发射极之间的第一电容器(C1)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电路，其特征在于，还包括连接在所述第二电容器(C2)和地(GND)之间的第二电感器(L2)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电路，其特征在于，所述初始时间段基本上为50毫微秒。
8.一种振荡器，包括表面波谐振器和根据前述权利要求任一项所述的驱动电路。
CN2008801019046A 2007-08-06 2008-07-18 表面声波驱动电路及其振荡器 Active CN101772885B (zh)

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EP07425513A EP2026462B1 (en) 2007-08-06 2007-08-06 A surface acoustic wave driving circuit and oscillator therefor
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PCT/EP2008/059431 WO2009019121A1 (en) 2007-08-06 2008-07-18 A surface acoustic wave driving circuit and oscillator therefor

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ATE556484T1 (de) 2012-05-15
RU2480891C2 (ru) 2013-04-27
WO2009019121A1 (en) 2009-02-12
EP2026462B1 (en) 2012-05-02
HK1144338A1 (en) 2011-02-11
BRPI0813599A2 (pt) 2015-09-22
CA2707508A1 (en) 2009-02-12
CA2707508C (en) 2016-07-05
AU2008285767B2 (en) 2013-03-28
PL2026462T3 (pl) 2012-10-31
BRPI0813599B1 (pt) 2020-11-10
CN101772885A (zh) 2010-07-07
ES2387106T3 (es) 2012-09-13
US20100134194A1 (en) 2010-06-03
JP5232231B2 (ja) 2013-07-10
US8134416B2 (en) 2012-03-13
AU2008285767A1 (en) 2009-02-12
EP2026462A1 (en) 2009-02-18
RU2010108224A (ru) 2011-09-20

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