CN101720616B - Water-surface cultivation method and water-surface cultivation device used by same - Google Patents
Water-surface cultivation method and water-surface cultivation device used by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101720616B CN101720616B CN2009102265330A CN200910226533A CN101720616B CN 101720616 B CN101720616 B CN 101720616B CN 2009102265330 A CN2009102265330 A CN 2009102265330A CN 200910226533 A CN200910226533 A CN 200910226533A CN 101720616 B CN101720616 B CN 101720616B
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- floating bed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-surface cultivation method and a water-surface cultivation device used by the same. The water-surface cultivation method comprises the steps of selection and treatment of plants, preparation of the water-surface cultivation device, plant transplantation, daily management and the like; the water-surface cultivation device comprises a floating body frame of a floating bed for cultivating the plants, a cultivation carrier and fixed piles, wherein the floating body frame of a floating bed for cultivating the plants is stably fixed on the water surface by a rigid rod; the cultivation carrier is a tubular carrier and fixed on the floating body frame; two alternate meshy interlayers are arranged at the lower part of the cultivation carrier; and the meshy interlayer on the upper layer is used for supporting the plants and the meshy interlayer on the lower layer is used for preventing fishes from eating roots of the plants. By using the method, eutrophication wastes generated in the aquiculture process are supplied to the roots of chemiculture plants to absorb, thereby not only purifying the quality of water for culturing the fishes, but also promoting the growth of the plants. The method is a water and energy-saving ecological culture method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, be specifically related to a kind of water surface floating cultivation method and used water-surface cultivation device thereof.
Background technology
Water environment pollution and shortage of water resources are the two big crises that current global freshwater resources face.Aquaculture is the bigger industry of water consumption in the agricultural production, needs sufficient water source and water quality circulating filtration cleaning system, and fish can be discharged in water in the process of growth in a large number to the harmful material of self growth, polluted-water, and the oxygen in the consume water.Every kilogram of fish is discharged ammonia 0.57g-2.00g, BOD because of metabolism, fish excrement and residual raising every day in water body
53g-5g, COD5g-6g, every weightening finish 1g fish will enter water body N85mg, P1.84mg, 1g ammonia (NH
4 +) be oxidized to nitrate (NO
3 -) needing oxygen consumption 4.57g (nitrite 3.4g, nitrate 1.14g), alkali 7.14g produces 8.59g acid and 0.165g bacterium by product (nitrite 0.146g, nitrate 0.019g).Breed fish to the pollution of water body, " pollution source " of formation just are again water plants " nutrient sources " at natural world.
Water plants is the natural biological filter that keeps water cleaning, and it can remove 80% ~ 90% suspended material, and 70% ~ 80% organic substance reduces by 90% ~ 95% BOD, and the pH value in the water is remained in the critical field.Water plants can not only absorb and gather noxious material and include metabolic processes in, becomes harmless object, can also sterilize to water body, and phytocide a few minutes of their secretions just can be killed 90% ~ 99% pathogen by several hours.
Chinese patent literature CN101401527A discloses the surface cultivation plants floating bed of a kind of suitability for industrialized production, this floating bed is spliced mutually with the horizontal longitudinal phase of the floatable hollow material of rigidity, punching keeps at a certain distance away on the taeniae plate, be used for cultivated plant, pass aperture on the horizontal stripe with the rope of flexibility, floating bed is fixed, and floating bed is enclosed within rope and promptly finishes floating bed assembling on the spud pile after the target waters splices and combines.
The document discloses a kind of floating bed that is used for water-surface cultivation, and the device of carrying plant is the taeniae plate that is fixed on the floating bed, and this taeniae plate is beaten culture hole, inserts for cultivated plant.Like this, culture hole is fixed in the stem of this cultivated plant, and root directly is communicated with water body.Fish in the water body have very big influence to the root in the water.
Chinese patent literature CN1218772A discloses a kind of technology of utilizing flower plant to purify waste water, wherein, the 4th claim in claims of the document mentioned a kind of water surface floating carrier, this carrier is made scalariform with mao bamboon, the bamboo ladder is fixing with stake, water-fast on the water surface, the kind directly transplanting of resistant class in bamboo ladder water at interval, and with the iron wire traction and fixation on the bamboo ladder, flowers are provided with the anti-bamboo fish hamper of being with mesh around the root under water, and anti-bamboo fish hamper is suspended on the bamboo ladder with iron wire.
As can be seen, this water-surface cultivation technology is to be fixed on the bamboo ladder of the water surface with the stem of iron wire with plant, anti-bamboo fish hamper is set around the plant roots, and the size in basket hole can be intake and fish can not enter.Like this, root sees through and prevents that bamboo fish hamper is communicated with water body.This water-surface cultivation method that can prevent fish, plant and anti-bamboo fish hamper are fixing respectively, be difficult for implementing, and cost are higher.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple, cost is low, can prevent that fish are to the water-surface cultivation method of plant root influence and used water-surface cultivation device thereof, it can combine aquaculture with soilless culture, fish, plant symbiosis, mutual reciprocity and mutual benefit, make that valuable nutriment is able to recycle in the breeding environment, improve fish crop to greatest extent, simultaneously the water pollution degree is reduced to minimumly, form an eucyclic ecosystem.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of water-surface cultivation method, may further comprise the steps:
(1) plant is selected and handles;
(2) water-surface cultivation device is made: the buoyant rigid bar of apparatus fixedly forms at the water surface and is stable shaped buoyancy aid framework; By the distance between rows and hills requirement of plant, be fixed for the tubular carrier of plant cultivation on the buoyancy aid framework, this tubular carrier bottom is two-layer alternate netted interlayer;
(3) plant setting;
(4) daily management:
1. fish are fed management
2. water quality management
3. plant regulatory.
Described plant selection and treatment step, can be, select the vegetables of this season, go soil to clean the vegetables root, extract Lao Ye, only surplus tender leaf, tender shoots are used leaf vegetables nutrient solution prescription water planting 2 ~ 3 days.
Described plant setting step, can be, a plurality of described buoyancy aid frameworks are spliced and combined at the water surface, the floating bed that forms a row or multi-row surface cultivation plants swims in the water surface, plant transplantation after the processing is on described floating bed, the root system of plant is fixed between the two netted interlayers of described tubular carrier and is immersed in the water, use spud pile with described plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid frame fixation in the water surface.
Described daily management step can comprise following content:
1. fish are fed management: the whole process special-purpose ecological manufactured feed of fish of throwing something and feeding, and according to specification and injected volume that specification and the kind of fish are rationally grasped feed, guarantee fish eat even, have enough, eat aquatic foods, eat, satisfy various fish growth desired nutritional compositions;
2. water quality management: periodic adjustment water quality increases water body dissolved oxygen amount and nutrition;
3. plant regulatory: routine observation plant growing situation, in time extract, change downright bad plant; Often increase water nutrition, guarantee that vegetation growth state is good,, water body is adjusted to optimum state, suppress the generation of disease to remove various harmful components in the water body.
For realizing another goal of the invention of the present invention, a kind of water-surface cultivation device is provided, this device comprises plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid framework, cultivation carrier and spud pile, described spud pile with described plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid frame fixation in the water surface, it is characterized in that, described plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid framework is by the rigid bar with buoyancy, fixedly form in water surface stable shape, described cultivation carrier is a tubular carrier, be fixed on the described plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid framework, its distributing position is by the distance between rows and hills requirement of plant, and described tubular carrier bottom is two-layer alternate netted interlayer.
The netted interlayer in described upper strata is used to support plant, and the netted interlayer of lower floor is used to prevent fish feeding plant root system, and the intermediate course of upper and lower two interlayers is used for the accommodating plant root system.
The shape of described buoyancy aid framework can be " L " type;
The shape of described buoyancy aid framework can be a T-shape;
The shape of described buoyancy aid framework can be " △ " type;
The shape of described buoyancy aid framework can be " " type;
The shape of described buoyancy aid framework can be a kind of or several combination in " L " type, T-shape, " △ " type or " " type.
The two-layer alternate netted interlayer in described tubular carrier bottom, lower end metastable environment in described tubular carrier of a plant stem can be caused with respect to all around to lower recess in the middle part of its netted interlayer in upper strata, helps the growth of root system of plant.
Further, the netted interlayer in described upper strata is the downward taper shape in summit.
This water-surface cultivation method and used water-surface cultivation device thereof, not only saved the investment of the water circulating filter cleaning system of a large amount of breed water and costliness, employed material lifetime is long, pollution-free, cost of investment is low, improved the economic benefit of culturing greatly, form an eucyclic ecosystem, reached idealized boundary.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the cut-away view of cultivation carrier in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the cut-away view of cultivation carrier in the embodiment of the invention 2.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, and its example has been shown in the accompanying drawing, used identical Reference numeral to represent identical parts in all accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the water-surface cultivation device of present embodiment comprises plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid framework 1, cultivation carrier 2 and spud pile 3, and plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid framework 1 is fixed into " " type by the rigid bar with buoyancy; Cultivation carrier 2 is a tubular carrier, two holes are made a call on its top, using rope will cultivate carrier 2 by above-mentioned two apertures is fixed on the buoyancy aid framework 1, its distributing position is by the distance between rows and hills requirement of plant, the bottom of each cultivation carrier 2 cuts out 4 openings symmetrically, insert the netted interlayer of two-layer alternate plastics, the netted interlayer in upper strata is used to support plant 4, and the netted interlayer of lower floor is used to prevent the root system of fish feeding plant 4; Spud pile 3 is fixed in plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid framework 1 ad-hoc location of the water surface.
This buoyancy aid framework 1, cultivation carrier 2 can use bamboo or plastic tube, and buoyancy aid framework 1 is " " type, is stable status at the water surface, is difficult for upset, under the cooperation of spud pile 3, and Stability Analysis of Structures.。
In an embodiment, used the water-surface cultivation method of above-mentioned water-surface cultivation device, may further comprise the steps:
(1) plant is selected and handles: can select to cultivate the vegetables of this season, go soil to clean the vegetables root, extract Lao Ye, only surplus tender leaf, tender shoots are used leaf vegetables nutrient solution prescription elder generation water planting 2 ~ 3 days;
(2) water-surface cultivation device is made; As described in preamble in the embodiment;
(3) plant setting: a plurality of buoyancy aid frameworks 1 are spliced and combined at the offshore of the water surface, and the floating bed that forms a row or multi-row surface cultivation plants swims in the water surface, and the vegetable transplanting after the processing is on floating bed, and the vegetables root system is fixed between the two netted interlayers and is immersed in the water.
(4) daily management:
1. fish are fed management: the whole process special-purpose ecological manufactured feed of fish of throwing something and feeding, and according to the specification of fish and the specification and the injected volume of the scientific and reasonable grasp feed of kind, guarantee fish eat even, have enough, eat aquatic foods, eat, satisfy various fish growth desired nutritional compositions.
2. water quality management: regularly adopting the new water of filling, inoculate beneficial bacterium, start mode such as aerator and regulate water quality, increase water body dissolved oxygen amount and nutrition, keep pool inner water matter clear, new, alive, fertile, is that good water environment is created in cultured fishes, promotes fish growth.
3. plant regulatory: routine observation vegetable growth situation, in time extract, change downright bad plant.Often rich water increases water nutrition, guarantees vegetable growth in order, to remove various harmful components in the water body, water body is adjusted to optimum state, suppresses the generation of disease, finally promotes the growth of fish, promotes the fish quality.
For further this simple and easy plant cultivation floating bed of checking is applied to the effects of purification quality brought into play in the fish and vegetable symbiotic system and the economic worth of generation, prepare floating bed according to the method described above, render to three cultivating pools, plant water spinach (5 yuan/kilogram), romaine lettuce (4 yuan/kilogram), green water cress three kinds of economic crops such as (5.2 yuan/kilogram) respectively, carried out 1 month experiment by a definite date, concrete outcome is as follows:
Embodiment 2: referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, and the water-surface cultivation device in the present embodiment, other is with embodiment 1, and different is, and the netted interlayer in upper strata of cultivation carrier 2 is the downward taper shape in summit.Such structure can cause lower end metastable environment in cultivation carrier 2 of a plant stem, even the external force effect is arranged, the lower end of plant stem also is difficult for moving with respect to the netted interlayer in upper strata, and this structure helps the growth of root system of plant.
Claims (9)
1. water-surface cultivation method may further comprise the steps:
(1) plant is selected and handles: the vegetables of selection cultivation this season, and go soil to clean the vegetables root, extract Lao Ye, only surplus tender leaf, tender shoots are used leaf vegetables nutrient solution prescription water planting 2～3 days;
(2) water-surface cultivation device is made: the buoyant rigid bar of apparatus fixedly forms at the water surface and is stable shaped buoyancy aid framework; On the buoyancy aid framework,, be fixed for the tubular carrier of plant cultivation by the distance between rows and hills requirement of plant;
(3) plant setting: a plurality of buoyancy aid frameworks are spliced and combined at the water surface, the floating bed that forms a row or multi-row surface cultivation plants swims in the water surface, plant transplantation after the processing on floating bed, use spud pile with described plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid frame fixation in the water surface;
(4) daily management:
1. fish are fed management: the whole process special-purpose ecological manufactured feed of fish of throwing something and feeding, and according to specification and injected volume that specification and the kind of fish are rationally grasped feed, guarantee fish eat even, have enough, eat aquatic foods, eat, satisfy various fish growth desired nutritional compositions;
2. water quality management: periodic adjustment water quality increases water body dissolved oxygen amount and nutrition;
3. plant regulatory: routine observation plant growing situation, in time extract, change downright bad plant; Often increase water nutrition, guarantee that vegetation growth state is good,, water body is adjusted to optimum state, suppress the generation of disease to remove various harmful components in the water body;
It is characterized in that in the described step (2), the bottom of tubular carrier is provided with two-layer alternate netted interlayer, in described step (3), the root system of plant is fixed between the two netted interlayers of tubular carrier and is immersed in the water.
2. water-surface cultivation device that is used for the described water-surface cultivation method of claim 1, comprise plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid framework, cultivation carrier and spud pile, described spud pile with described plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid frame fixation in the water surface, described plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid framework is by the rigid bar with buoyancy, fixedly form at the water surface and be stable shaped buoyancy aid framework, described cultivation carrier is a tubular carrier, be fixed on the described plant cultivation floating bed buoyancy aid framework, its distributing position is by the distance between rows and hills requirement of plant, it is characterized in that described tubular carrier bottom is provided with two-layer alternate netted interlayer.
3. water-surface cultivation device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described buoyancy aid framework is " L " type.
4. water-surface cultivation device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described buoyancy aid framework is a T-shape.
5. water-surface cultivation device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described buoyancy aid framework is " △ " type.
6. water-surface cultivation device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described buoyancy aid framework is " " type.
7. water-surface cultivation device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described buoyancy aid framework is a kind of or several combination in " L " type, T-shape, " △ " type or " " type.
8. as any one the described water-surface cultivation device in the claim 2 to 7, it is characterized in that, described two-layer alternate netted interlayer, the middle part of its netted interlayer in upper strata with respect to around to lower recess.
9. water-surface cultivation device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the netted interlayer in described upper strata is the downward taper shape in summit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009102265330A CN101720616B (en) | 2009-11-21 | 2009-11-21 | Water-surface cultivation method and water-surface cultivation device used by same |
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| CN2009102265330A CN101720616B (en) | 2009-11-21 | 2009-11-21 | Water-surface cultivation method and water-surface cultivation device used by same |
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| CN101720616A CN101720616A (en) | 2010-06-09 |
| CN101720616B true CN101720616B (en) | 2011-08-24 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110226506A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-13 | 山东大洋农牧科技发展有限公司 | A method of utilizing pond water surface soilless cultivation herbal control fish disease |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102138509A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2011-08-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Vegetable greenhouse floating on eutrophic water |
| CN103975874B (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2016-02-10 | 江苏湖丰特种水产品科技有限公司 | A kind of net cage ecological algae phase intensive culture method of Odontobutis obscura |
| CN104304126A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-28 | 惠州市海洋与渔业科学技术研究中心 | Method for preventing and curing fish diseases by soilless Chinese-herbal-medicine culture on water surface of pond |
| CN104969886B (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2018-03-06 | 重庆市水产技术推广站 | A kind of fish and vegetable symbiotic breeding method |
| CN105210940A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-06 | 苏州市阳澄湖消泾虾蟹产销专业合作社 | Based on the Japanese macrobrachium supernbum of floating bed cultivation technology and the ecological symbiosis kind breeding method of Chinese celery |
| CN108658236A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-16 | 东华大学 | It is a kind of to be easy to plant regulatory and the water purification of recycling is composite ecological bed |
| CN113661914A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-19 | 广东省科学院动物研究所 | Algae cultivation method and device for artificial breeding of green sea turtles |
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2009
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110226506A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-13 | 山东大洋农牧科技发展有限公司 | A method of utilizing pond water surface soilless cultivation herbal control fish disease |
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