CN101636212A - 用于制造过滤元件的方法和根据此方法制造的过滤元件 - Google Patents

用于制造过滤元件的方法和根据此方法制造的过滤元件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101636212A
CN101636212A CN200780052251A CN200780052251A CN101636212A CN 101636212 A CN101636212 A CN 101636212A CN 200780052251 A CN200780052251 A CN 200780052251A CN 200780052251 A CN200780052251 A CN 200780052251A CN 101636212 A CN101636212 A CN 101636212A
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Prior art keywords
laser
end cap
filter medium
welding
barrier layer
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CN101636212B (zh
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G·加利菲
H·梅斯
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Hydac Filtertechnik GmbH
Hydac Fluidtechnik GmbH
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Hydac Filtertechnik GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/111—Making filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
    • B01D29/15—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration
    • B01D29/21—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration with corrugated, folded or wound sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/168—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier placed at the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于制造过滤元件(1)的方法，该方法具有以下步骤：a)设置过滤元件(3)，该过滤元件围绕内部的过滤空腔(7)并包括能热封装的材料；b)设置至少一个由热塑性的激光能透过的材料构成的、在至少一个端部上形成过滤空腔(7)的封闭的端盖(9，13)；c)在端盖(9，13)与过滤介质(3)的邻接的端部之间构成激光不能透过的阻隔层(31)；以及d)这样焊接端盖(9，13)和过滤介质(3)，即用激光能量透射邻接于阻隔层(31)的激光能透过的材料，使得通过加热邻接于阻隔层(31)的区域提供焊接体积作为用于通过激光透射焊接产生的焊接连接的接合元件。

Description

用于制造过滤元件的方法和根据此方法制造的过滤元件
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及过滤元件的制造，该过滤元件应用在用于过滤不同类型的流体例如液压液体、润滑剂、燃料等的很多技术领域中。这样的过滤元件出于合理的生产、小的重量、简单的清理和回收的原因优选由无金属的部件构造，其中，包围在过滤时形成污物侧的内部的过滤空腔的过滤介质被待清洁的流体从内向外地穿流，并且该过滤空腔在至少一个端部上通过端盖封闭，该端盖为过滤介质的邻接的端部形成包壳。
背景技术
不仅必须流体密封地构成在过滤介质和在相关端盖上的包壳区域之间的连接，而且必须形成机械牢固的结合，以便保证过滤元件的结构强度。因此在制造时应用复杂的接合方法，例如将过滤元件的端部边缘粘接到端盖上的包壳中。如已表明地，这样的接合方法是耗时的，从而产生相应高的制造成本。
发明内容
在所述问题方面，本发明的目的在于，给出一种能实现特别合理地和经济地制造过滤元件的方法。按照本发明，所述目的通过整体上具有权利要求1的特征的方法来实现。
本发明以方法步骤a)至d)开启了这样的可能性，即以特别合理的方式借助于激光透射焊接产生在端盖和过滤介质之间的连接。尽管端盖的激光透过性在用激光透射时能吸收少量激光并且因而仅释放少量的热量，以及尽管通常的无金属地构造的过滤介质不适合于吸收用于产生焊接能量的激光，但按照本发明的方法步骤c)通过在端盖与过滤介质的邻接的端部之间形成激光不能透过的阻隔层而确保在直接的焊接区域内的能量吸收。因此，被激光加热并熔化的材料区域形成用于使各邻接的接合伙伴熔接并因而用于焊接端盖和过滤介质的接合元件。
激光不能透过的阻隔层可这样形成，即在制造过程中在注塑端盖时通过背面注塑(Hinterspritzen)薄膜来产生阻隔层。同样，在准备焊接时已经可以给过滤介质的端部配设形成阻隔层的、吸收激光的液体。
但在所述方法的一种特别有利的实施形式中这样采取措施，即，为形成阻隔层将激光不能透过的焊接薄膜嵌入端盖与过滤介质的邻接的端部之间。
在所述方法的一种特别有利的实施形式中，在该方法中在产生焊接连接之前将设计成空心圆柱体的过滤介质装入形成流体能透过的圆柱形外壳的支承体中，执行该方法，使得通过激光透射焊接也将支承体的配设于端盖的边缘与该端盖及过滤介质的端部区域相焊接。
可以用相应的方式将激光不能透过的第二阻隔层、优选第二焊接薄膜在过滤介质的与第一端盖相对的第二端部上嵌入在该过滤介质与配设的第二端盖之间，并通过激光透射焊接也在第二端盖和邻接的过滤元件之间产生焊接连接。
在此可以用特别有利的方式这样采取措施，即，借助于激光透射焊接将第二端盖也与支承体的配设的端部焊接，这能实现特别合理地制造过滤元件。
可以将热塑性的、激光能透过的塑料、特别是聚酰胺用作端盖和支承体的材料。
同样考虑聚酰胺作为焊接薄膜的材料，其中可使用0.03至0.1mm、优选0.05mm的薄膜厚度。至于端盖、焊接薄膜和过滤介质的材料选择，总采取措施使得焊接薄膜能实现有关系的塑料材料的连接，以及这样的在没有由熔化的焊接薄膜形成的接合元件的情况下不能直接相互焊接的塑料材料的连接。
可以以有利的方式将由折叠的多层的过滤垫带构成的环形体用作过滤介质，例如以这样的由WO2004/014516A1已知的结构方式。
本发明的主题还是根据按照本发明的方法制造的过滤元件，该过滤元件在其整体上具有权利要求9的特征。
附图说明
下面根据在附图中示出的实施例详细地阐述本发明。图中：
图1示出一根据按照本发明的方法制造的过滤元件的实施例的、以近似自然的比例尺示出的纵剖视图；
图2示出在图1中以II标出的区域的相对于它放大5倍的局部；以及
图3示出过滤装置的以接近自然的比例尺示出的纵剖视图，在该过滤装置中安装有一根据按照本发明的方法制造的过滤元件的第二实施例。
具体实施方式
下面根据实施形式阐述本发明，其中激光不能透过的阻隔层的形成以这样的方式实现，即，将下面详细说明的焊接薄膜用作在焊接过程之前就位的嵌入部件。
图1和2示出根据按照本发明的方法制造的过滤元件的第一实施例，该过滤元件作为整体用1标出。主要组成部分是过滤介质，该过滤介质由设计成环形体3的过滤垫形成，该环形体以空心圆柱体的形状与纵轴线5同心地围绕内部的过滤空腔7。该过滤空腔在一端通过盖子侧的端盖9封闭，该端盖由聚酰胺一体地形成并且具有中央的、在内部的端部上封闭的空心销11，该空心销沿着环形体3的内侧延伸到过滤空腔7中。在相对的、底部侧的端部上，过滤空腔7通过底部侧的端盖13界定，该端盖同样由聚酰胺一体地形成并具有中央的空心销15，该空心销15同空心销11类似地与纵轴线5同心地伸入到过滤空腔7中。不同于空心销11，空心销15连续地被一中央的流入开口17穿过，待清洁的流体通过该流入开口在过滤过程中流入到过滤空腔7中。
由过滤垫形成的环形体3在其外侧上支承在贴靠的、由聚酰胺构成的支承体19上，该支承体形成带有筋21的外壳体，在这些筋之间存在流体通道23，被清洁的流体在穿流环形体3之后通过这些流体通道流出。
端盖9和13分别形成一个用于环形体3的端部和支承体19的端部边缘27的包壳25。借助于激光透射焊接，其中将激光如在图2中用箭头29所示地照射到激光能透过的端盖9(同样以及13)上，分别不间断地在环形体3的端部、支承体19的端部边缘27与各端盖的包壳25的邻接的面(相对于纵轴线5的径向平面)之间建立焊接连接。
为了尽管不用于吸收光能量的端盖9和11以及环形体3具有激光透过性但仍能实现此过程，一激光不能透过的焊接薄膜31嵌入到包壳25中，使得它延伸超过环形体3的端部和支承体19的端部边缘27，更确切地说，贴靠在端盖9和13的在径向平面内延伸的内侧上。圆环形的焊接薄膜31选择成，使得它在150至2500nm、优选500至1500nm的波长范围内是不能透过射线的，也就是说吸收红外线和激光，其中薄膜厚度大致设置为在0.03至0.1mm之间、优选大致0.05mm。在此涉及带有嵌入的对激光或红外线敏感的颗粒、特别是颜料如炭黑等的聚酰胺薄膜，其中这些颗粒具有相应的最低温度稳定性。在此可以采取措施，即，对形成环的焊接薄膜31用脉冲式激光或连续激光照射，其照射范围超出焊接薄膜31的环形区域穿过有关的端盖9和13被照射，直到焊接薄膜31熔化并与端盖9和13的贴靠的区域、支承体19的端部边缘27以及过滤介质的环形体3的有关的端部熔接。
形成环形体3的过滤介质可设置成例如构造成六层的过滤垫带，该过滤垫带以相继的顺序具有外支承物、保护性非织造物、预过滤层、主过滤层、支承非织造物和内支承物。因为对于所述层中的一些层考虑聚酰胺格栅或聚酯织物，所以过滤介质是能热封装的、也就是说它适合于作为接合伙伴通过熔化的焊接薄膜31与作为其他接合伙伴的端盖9、13和支承体19的端部边缘27相焊接。特别是，过滤垫带为提高污物容纳能力而构成为打褶的，并以至少一个自由的端侧固定在所属的端盖上。沿环形体3的轴向的纵向观察，在过滤垫带的自由的端侧上的熔化区域在此被确定成尺寸特别小，从而固定过程不影响过滤介质的自由的穿流。
图3示出过滤元件的相对于图1和2改变的实施例，该过滤元件装入使过滤装置完备的过滤壳体33中。该过滤壳体具有底部侧的流体入口35，该流体入口的开口边缘形成用于过滤元件1的元件容纳部，该过滤元件的底部侧的空心销15位于入口35的开口中以密封。在相对的端部上，过滤壳体33具有用于清洁过的流体的流体出口37，其中到在内侧端部上封闭的上面的空心销11中，支承在流体出口37的边缘上的压力弹簧39延伸到该空心销11中，以便将过滤元件1压到在入口35上的元件容纳部中。
图3中的实施例的过滤元件1相对于图1和2的实施例的唯一的区别在于，具有底部侧的空心销15的下面的端盖13在圆周侧超出包壳25轴向地延长至上面的端盖9，并且该突出部形成流体能透过的支承体19，环形体3贴靠在该支承体的内侧上。如在图1和2的支承体19中的情况那样，其端部边缘27延伸至在上面的端盖9上的包壳25中，从而也在该实施例中通过激光透射焊接借助于焊接薄膜31在环形体3、支承体19的端部边缘27和端盖9之间建立焊接连接。以相应的方式借助于嵌入在下面的端盖13上的焊接薄膜31对环形体3的下端部焊接、亦即焊接环形体3的下端部与下端盖13。
所以，代替嵌入分开的焊接薄膜，端盖9、13也可设有阻隔层。该阻隔层可通过背面注塑用合适的构成薄膜的塑料材料制造，更确切地说，与通常能通过注塑方法制造的端盖的制造过程一起。同样，相应的过滤介质3的自由的端部或自由的端部区域可在真正的透射焊接方法之前例如通过施加吸收激光的液体而设有阻隔层。这里也可使用毫微颗粒的流体，该流体例如具有相应的石墨含量等。如果在本说明书和权利要求书中讨论激光不能透过的阻隔层，则也提到激光透过性被减少的阻隔层，这些阻隔层仍可以部分地使一小部分激光透过，但吸收如此之多的能量，以至于能建立所希望的焊接连接。

Claims (9)

1.用于制造过滤元件(1)的方法，具有以下步骤：
a)设置过滤元件(3)，该过滤元件围绕内部的过滤空腔(7)并包括能热封装的材料；
b)设置至少一个由热塑性的激光能透过的材料构成的、在至少一个端部上形成过滤空腔(7)的封闭的端盖(9，13)；
c)在端盖(9，13)与过滤介质(3)的邻接的端部之间构成激光不能透过的阻隔层(31)；以及
d)这样焊接端盖(9，13)和过滤介质(3)，即，用激光能量透射邻接于阻隔层(31)的激光能透过的材料，使得通过加热邻接于阻隔层(31)的区域提供焊接体积作为用于通过激光透射焊接产生的焊接连接的接合元件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，为形成阻隔层，将激光不能透过的焊接薄膜(31)嵌入端盖(9，13)与过滤介质(3)的邻接的端部之间。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在产生焊接连接之前将设计成空心圆柱体的过滤介质(3)装入形成流体能透过的圆柱形外壳的支承体(19)中，并通过激光透射焊接也将支承体(19)的配设于端盖(9，13)的边缘(27)与所述端盖及过滤介质(3)的端部区域焊接。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的方法，其特征在于，将激光不能透过的第二阻隔层(31)在过滤介质(3)的与第一端盖(9)相对的第二端部上构成在该过滤介质和配设的第二端盖(13)之间，并通过激光透射焊接也在第二端盖(13)与邻接的过滤材料(3)之间产生焊接连接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，借助激光透射焊接将第二端盖(13)也与支承体(19)的配设的端部(27)焊接。
6.根据权利要求3至5之一所述的方法，其特征在于，使用热塑性塑料、特别是聚酰胺作为用于端盖(9，13)和支承体(19)的材料，其中至少端盖(9，13)的材料是激光能透过的。
7.根据权利要求2至6之一所述的方法，其特征在于，使用厚度为0.03至0.1mm、优选0.05mm的聚酰胺作为焊接薄膜(31)的材料。
8.根据权利要求1至7之一所述的方法，其特征在于，使用由折叠的多层的过滤垫带构成的环形体(3)作为过滤介质。
9.按照根据权利要求1至8之一所述的方法制造的过滤元件(1)，具有环绕内部的过滤空腔(7)的过滤介质(3)和至少一个在至少一个端部上形成过滤空腔(7)的封闭的端盖(9，13)，其中所述端盖由激光能透过的塑料材料形成，并且借助于激光透射焊接与过滤介质(3)的邻接的端部相焊接。
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JP2010521293A (ja) 2010-06-24
DE102007013178A1 (de) 2008-09-25
EP2134437A1 (de) 2009-12-23
EP2134437B1 (de) 2018-06-13
US20100084334A1 (en) 2010-04-08

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