CN101627500A - 具有导热板的电池 - Google Patents

具有导热板的电池 Download PDF

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CN101627500A
CN101627500A CN200880006437A CN200880006437A CN101627500A CN 101627500 A CN101627500 A CN 101627500A CN 200880006437 A CN200880006437 A CN 200880006437A CN 200880006437 A CN200880006437 A CN 200880006437A CN 101627500 A CN101627500 A CN 101627500A
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heat
conducting plate
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R·考夫曼
V·凯克
A·拉姆
J·迈因斯歇尔
W·沃斯曼
P·舒尔茨
D·施勒特尔
M·格雷戈尔
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Mercedes Benz Group AG
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有用于电池温度控制的导热板的电池，所述电池具有多个彼此并联和/或串联的单体，所述单体与所述导热板导热连接。在所述导热板中设有用于导热介质的通道结构。所述导热板在单体的极柱区域中具有孔，所述单体的极柱穿过所述孔伸出。

Description

具有导热板的电池
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的、具有导热板的电池/蓄电池，所述导热板用于对电池进行温度控制，这种电池例如由作为相关基础的DE 197 24 020 A1已知。
背景技术
由基础的DE 197 24 020 A1已知的电池具有多个彼此并联和/或串连的单体，所述单体放置在一导热板上并与所述导热板导热连接。在所述导热板中设置导热管的蒸发部。所述导热管从导热板中特别是从电池壳体中伸出，由此导热管的冷凝部处于导热板外。利用导热管的这种设计方案，可以对导热板、进而对单体进行温度控制，特别是在运行中进行冷却。特别是对于锂离子电池，过载和/或高耗用电流可能会致使单体形成极大的压力，所述压力的形成最终可能会导致相关单体的单体壳断裂。为了确保有针对性的卸压，在壳的底部设置一单体是有利的，在所述预定断裂位置处所述单体有针对性地断裂。为了改善所述卸压，此外有利的是，在单体的安装面下方为导热板设置有连续的孔或凹部——下面简称为断裂窗。断裂窗的直径略小于单体壳的外径。但断裂窗减小了导热板的有效导热横截面，由此降低了其可能效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，研发一种能以尽可能高的导热效率、尽可能简单和成本经济地实现的电池。
所述目的通过具有权利要求1的特征的电池来实现。通过根据本发明的导热板设计方案，所述导热板可设置在单体的顶部区域中。虽然在此导热板也具有孔，但是该孔的面积明显较小，从而使平均的、与面积相关的有效导热横截面增大。因此，又可以在保持相同的整体导热横截面的情况下，将导热板设计得较薄、进而较轻。
在本发明的另一设计方案中，在电池壳体内，在导热板与极柱、单体电接片、单体盖和电池箱盖之间的间隙中，以及在各单体之间的空间中设置电绝缘、优选导热，特别优选导热性高的填料和/或电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的泡沫，在所述各空间中填充有电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的填料和/或电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的泡沫。通过所有这些设计方案，电池壳体内的所述空间被更有效地用于导热，同时提高了整个电池壳体的稳定性。
根据本发明的单体特别可以用于大功率/高效电池，特别是用于至少部分地驱动乘用型机动车。
附图说明
本发明的其它有利的设计方案可以在各个从属权利要求中得到。此外借助在附图中示出的实施例进一步描述本发明。其中：
图1示出具有布置在底侧的导热板的电池，
图2以侧视图示出具有布置在顶侧的导热板的电池的纵剖面，
图3以俯视图示出在单体电接片下方、沿图2的线III-III的水平剖面。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出一常规电池1，该电池具有一布置在底侧的导热板2。电池1还具有多个彼此电连接的单体3。横截面优选为圆形的单体3被设置在一特别是完全封闭的电池壳体4中。在电池壳体4内，单体3导热地放置在一设计成金属板的导热板2上。在导热板2中设置有用于引导导热介质的冷却通道5。单体3以其纵轴彼此平行的方式布置在导热板2上。
在这种电池1特别是用作机动车的牵引用电池和牵引用辅助电池时，冷却通道5在此可以有利地连接到机动车中已有的空调设备(未示出)上，冷却通道的热至少部分地由所述空调设备管理/供给(versorgen)。这种热管理可以直接地——例如通过公共的导热介质特别是流体——与空调设备连接，也可以间接地——例如通过换热器——与空调设备共同作用。优选地，导热介质还可以是由经空气调节的内室溢出的空气，和/或通过这种空气提供导热介质。
图2以侧视图示出根据本发明的电池1的纵剖面。与构造大部分类似的、根据图1的电池1的不同，在根据图2的、根据本发明的电池1中，导热板2并非如此前已知的那样布置在底侧，而是布置在顶侧，进而在单体3的极柱6的区域内。在纵向延展方面平行取向的各单体3的单体壳7在外表面上相互间存在间距。
优选由金属制成的导热板2在其内部还具有用于导热介质的通道结构，该通道结构可被流通、可从外部操纵，所述导热板用于对电池1进行温度控制。根据本发明，将导热板2布置在单体3的单体壳盖8和单体电接片9之间，所述单体电接片使相邻的单体3的异性极柱6电相连。
一个单体3的两个极柱6都经由布置在导热板2中、与这些极柱6相关联的孔，延伸至导热板2的相反的一侧。单体接片9布置在所述一侧上。因为与所述极柱关联的孔的形状和净尺寸大于单体3的极柱6中的一个或两个的外尺寸，所以穿过所述孔延伸的极柱6在任何位置都与孔壁相距一定间距(参见图3)。由此所述极柱6在任何情况下都不会和导热板2相互接触，因此所述极柱和导热板彼此电绝缘。
在导热板2与单体壳盖8之间以及与单体接片9之间都具有一起电绝缘作用的间距。
为了改善(各部件)彼此间的电绝缘，为了提高整个电池壳体4的稳定性以及为了改善整体导热性，在导热板2与极柱6、与单体电接片9、与单体壳盖8以及与电池箱盖之间的间隙中，设置电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的填料和/或电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的泡沫，所述泡沫优选完全填充所述间隙。有利地，在相邻的单体壳的壁之间的自由空间、在单体壳壁与电池箱4的壁之间的自由空间以相同的方式被填充。
特别是电绝缘、但导热的材料例如优选聚氨酯泡沫、环氧树脂和/或硅树脂已被证明可以作为填料14。尽可能少气泡地、特别优选无气泡地，以所述优选材料填充相关的自由空间。有利地，通过添加导热颗粒可进一步改善填料的材料的导热性，所述颗粒以混合良好的混合物的方式分布在所述材料中。

Claims (9)

1.一种具有用于电池温度控制的导热板的电池，所述电池具有多个彼此并联和/或串联的单体，所述单体与所述导热板导热连接，所述电池还具有设置在所述导热板中的、能被导热介质通流的通道结构，所述电池具有从所述导热板伸出的、用于通道结构的连接截面，其特征在于，所述导热板在单体的极柱区域中具有孔，所述单体的极柱穿过所述孔伸出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述导热板由金属制成，所述导热板与电池的单体是电绝缘的。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述孔的净宽度大于相应极柱的外径。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述孔的形状和净尺寸大于单体的两个极柱的外尺寸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，在电池壳体内，在所述导热板和极柱之间的间隙中设置有电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的填料和/或电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的泡沫。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，在所述电池壳体内，在所述导热板和单体电接片之间的间隙中设置有电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的填料和/或电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的泡沫。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，在所述电池壳体内，在所述导热板和单体盖之间的间隙中设置有电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的填料和/或电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的泡沫。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，在所述电池壳体内，在所述导热板和电池箱盖之间的间隙中设置有电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的填料和/或电绝缘、优选导热、特别优选导热性高的泡沫。
9.根据权利要求5至8中任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，间隙被完全填充以填料和/或泡沫。
CN2008800064379A 2007-02-27 2008-02-26 具有导热板的电池 Expired - Fee Related CN101627500B (zh)

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