CN101612630A - House refuse as harmless resource real-time processing method and system - Google Patents

House refuse as harmless resource real-time processing method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101612630A
CN101612630A CN200910087419A CN200910087419A CN101612630A CN 101612630 A CN101612630 A CN 101612630A CN 200910087419 A CN200910087419 A CN 200910087419A CN 200910087419 A CN200910087419 A CN 200910087419A CN 101612630 A CN101612630 A CN 101612630A
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particle diameter
house refuse
gained
water
composting
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CN101612630B (en
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郑顺潮
鹿微微
李育才
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Beijing Guozongyuan Investment Co Ltd
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Beijing Guozongyuan Investment Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of house refuse as harmless resource real-time processing method, it comprises the temporary step of cleaning before the domestic rubbish disposal, sorting consumer waste step, plastic granulating step, wet separating and the step of prebake step, regrading step, composting step and preparation garbage derivatived fuel.The present invention also provides a kind of house refuse as harmless resource real time processing system, and it comprises cleaning apparatus for temporary storage before the domestic rubbish disposal, domestic waste sorting device, plastic granulating device, wet separating and the device of prebake device, regrading device, composting device and preparation garbage derivatived fuel.Use life refuse processing method of the present invention and system, can to greatest extent house refuse be turned waste into wealth, accomplish that daily output day is clear, and realize automation, mechanization and zero-emission in the domestic rubbish disposal process.

Description

House refuse as harmless resource real-time processing method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and system of domestic rubbish disposal, particularly, the present invention relates to house refuse as harmless resource real-time processing method and system.
Background technology
The method that conventional garbage is handled is nothing more than landfill, burning and compost, but because China's house refuse exists native slag, many, changing food waste (the moisture content food with high rubbish that mainly refers to the kitchen generation of building waste residue.Comprise leftover, fish-bone, fish scale, pluck, dish stalk dish leaf, fruit peel, fruit stone seed, discarded tealeaf residue etc.) many, unfiled collection complicated component, use the packed characteristics of plastic garbage more, more than three kinds of methods all have very big limitation.
For example, the landfill waste floor space is big, and according to incompletely statistics, the land area that China's garbage loading embeading takies has reached 50,000 square kilometres, is equivalent to 1/192 of China's territory gross area.Rubbish can not be degraded for a long time fully behind the landfill, the resource of recyclable utilization is wasted fully in the rubbish, and very easily breed pathogenic bacteria, virus and other harmful organisms, especially garbage leachate causes severe contamination to soil and underground water source, and landfill gas is to causing serious air pollution around the refuse landfill.In addition, also there is the danger that sets off an explosion in the methane in the garbage loading embeading gas, and is unfavorable for social stability and community's harmony.
Though incineration treatment of garbage can be generated electricity or heat supply, there is the contradiction that investment is big, operation cost is high; Because China's house refuse calorific value is low, water content is big, therefore need add oxidizer, thereby increase the consumption of the energy, and conversion ratio is low by burning disposal.In addition, waste incineration also can produce the strong carcinogen dioxin, and it is difficult to degraded under natural environment, and is very easy to accumulation in vivo.
Organic domestic waste is with traditional compost treatment, long processing period (general about month), and floor space is bigger.And can constantly produce hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfur compound, indoles, aldehyde, the ketone material of the generation of kind more than totally 200 stench in the composting process, the severe contamination atmosphere, wherein kind belongs to carcinogenic substance more than 20.And can add stench and peculiar smell because of the corrupt substance that produces in the composting process, and cause mosquito, fly parasitism, become the epidemic disease carrier, influence environmental sanitation and publilc health.In addition, compost also produces methane, has hidden peril of explosion.In addition, compost fermentation sterilization degree is low, and hypopus of the harmful bacterium in the compost body (gemma) and heat-resisting pathogenic bacteria all grow in a large number, can accumulate a large amount of toxin and can produce secondary pollution to environment.At last, because active organic matter (crop plays trophism low-carbohydrate, organic acid and organic nitrogen compound etc.) has been consumed by the long-term metabolism decomposition of microorganism, the organic matter that compost obtains is the nonactive organic matter of humic acids.Inorganic content height in the compost can destroy the physical arrangement in the soil.
To sum up, existing waste disposal method exists that long processing period, secondary pollution are serious, the problem of waste domestic garbage resources, therefore needs a kind of short, non-secondary pollution of cycle and can be with the waste disposal method and the system of domestic garbage resource handled badly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the defective that long processing period, the secondary pollution of existing waste disposal method existence are serious, waste domestic garbage resources, and a kind of house refuse as harmless resource real-time processing method is provided, and wherein, this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) the temporary step of cleaning before the domestic rubbish disposal
A) the transport vehicle integral body that carries house refuse is weighed;
B) the described transport vehicle of house refuse that carries is through Water curtain wall and sterilization;
C) between the described house refuse of discharging to sealing is kept in,
By Water curtain wall and described extraneous the isolation, blocking-up house refuse peculiar smell escapes between described keeping in,
D) the biological eliminating smell agent of spray is guaranteed 24 hours no mosquitos and flies to eliminate the temporary heap of house refuse body peculiar smell;
E) will keep in a gas and import the biofilter, and enter purifying column at last and handle;
F) collect house refuse and ooze drop liquid;
(2) sorting consumer waste step
A) the temporary heap of described house refuse body is shifted onto on the chain and pan conveyor through the rubbish loading machine;
B) described house refuse is transported to the single-deck vibrating screen that sieve diameter is 90mm, the preliminary screening of the different house refuse of jumping height when described single-deck vibrating screen is realized shape, volume, proportion with motion collision, form obviously material bed, be delivered to the rotary letter sorting platform of manipulator then, sorting out big part combustible material from material bed directly enters between pyrolytic gasification, collection sub-elects heavy density brick and tile stone and is used for landfill, and collects and recycle after time heavy density glass is used to wash;
C) rest materials enters the bag-breaking machine broken bag, and the material after the broken bag adsorbs through first magnetic plant, obtains reclaiming thereby sub-elect part metals;
D) material after the broken bag is the one-level rotary screen screening of 100mm through screen size, obtains particle diameter greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm and the particle diameter one-level screenings less than 100mm;
E1) the gained particle diameter enters second magnetic plant greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm, sub-elects metal, enters winnowing machine then, and the winnowing machine selection by winnowing goes out to comprise the mixture of light plastic, paper, cloth and leaf, and rest materials is used for landfill; Described then mixture sub-elects light plastic through rinsing machine, and rest materials enters between pyrolytic gasification;
E2) the gained particle diameter enters the 3rd magnetic plant less than the one-level screenings of 100mm, the 3rd magnetic plant magneticly elects metal and battery, rest materials enters the secondary rotary screen screening that screen size is 10mm, obtain particle diameter between 10mm-100mm the secondary oversize and particle diameter less than the secondary screenings of 10mm, gained is used for landfill less than the secondary screenings of 10mm;
F) the gained particle diameter moves to transitional storehouse after the secondary oversize between the 10mm-100mm enters crusher in crushing;
(3) plastic granulating step
The e1 of cleaning step (2)) light plastic of institute's sorting is dried then, is pulverized and granulation;
(4) wet separating and the prebake step
F to step (2)) adds the chemical hydrolysis catalyst in the broken thing of gained, under air-proof condition, in the vapours of 150-200 ℃ of following 1.0-1.5Mpa, wet and separated 1 hour, extrusion drainage is 1 hour then, after the wet hydrolysis products of gained and water and the steam heat exchange, under the condition of near ambient temperature, normal pressure, be expelled to extrusion dehydration equipment, carry out extrusion dehydration to water content and reduce to 20%; Pushing agglomerating material pulverizes through materials crusher; Described vapours is provided by boiler, and the flue gas that boiler produces carries out prebake through bag-type dust to the product after extrusion dehydration and the fragmentation;
Collect described wet separate the liquid extraction heavy metal that the liquid of discharging in the process, liquid that extrusion dehydration equipment is discharged and prebake process discharge after, obtain light density water and heavy density water, the high activity oxygen enrichment family water treatment of molecular state dissolved oxygen value and active chalcogen oxygen molecule density over-saturation value of described light density water, and collect heavy density water;
(5) regrading step
Step (4) prebake gained material is further dried to water content at the cylinder dryer and is reduced to below 10%, enters the two-stage rotary screen screening that screen size is respectively 1.0mm and 10mm; Wherein the gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm; The gained particle diameter is used for landfill greater than the oversize of 10mm; Gained particle diameter thing in the sieve of 1.0mm-10mm is gone into described two-stage rotary screen screening once more after the cooling cylinder cooling; Wherein secondary gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm, and gained particle diameter thing in the sieve of 1.0mm-10mm is used for landfill;
(6) composting step
The composition of material in the sampling Detection composting intermediate bin, according to testing result extra-nutrition additive, and mix material and nourishing additive agent in the described composting intermediate bin, pulverize through the composting pulverizer then at mixed material area, send into rotary drum granulator, the heavy density water that sprays into step (4) collection is finished granulation;
(7) step of preparation garbage derivatived fuel
B with step (2)) and e1) contaminated product and combustion gas are produced in the material destructive distillation that enters between pyrolytic gasification of gained.
The present invention also provides a kind of house refuse as harmless resource real time processing system, and wherein, described system comprises:
(1) cleaning apparatus for temporary storage before the domestic rubbish disposal
A) weighing unit is used for the transport vehicle integral body that carries house refuse is weighed;
B) be positioned at Water curtain wall and disinfection unit on the transport vehicle direct of travel, wherein, described Water curtain wall is used to clean the transport vehicle that carries house refuse, and isolates the peculiar smell that transport vehicle sends, the transport vehicle surface that described disinfection unit is used to sterilize and carries house refuse;
C) between sealing is kept in, be used for depositing the temporary heap of described house refuse body by the transport vehicle unloading temporarily,
Have Water curtain wall and described extraneous the isolation between described keeping in, blocking-up house refuse peculiar smell escapes,
D) spray unit is used for spraying biological eliminating smell agent to eliminate peculiar smell to the temporary heap of house refuse body, guarantees 24 hours no mosquitos and flies;
E) negative pressure device and connect its biofilter and purifying column is used for gas between temporary is imported the biofilter, enters purifying column at last and handles;
F) first collector unit is used for the collection that house refuse is oozed drop liquid;
(2) domestic waste sorting device
A) rubbish loading machine is used for shifting the temporary heap of described house refuse body onto chain and pan conveyor;
B) single-deck vibrating screen, it receives the temporary heap of house refuse body of chain and pan conveyor transportation, its sieve diameter is 90mm, the preliminary screening of the different house refuse of jumping height when being used to realize to shape, volume, proportion with motion collision, form obviously material bed,
And the rotary letter sorting platform of manipulator, from be delivered to this platform material bed, sort out big part combustible material and directly enter between pyrolytic gasification, collect and sub-elect heavy density brick and tile stone and be used for landfill, and collect time heavy density glass and be used to wash the back and recycle;
C) bag-breaking machine is used for broken bag device b) rest materials that obtains after the sorting,
Be connected in first magnetic plant behind the bag-breaking machine, be used for adsorbing the metal of the material after the broken bag, obtain reclaiming thereby sub-elect part metals;
D) one-level rotary screen, its screen size is 100mm, is used to sieve the material after the broken bag, obtains particle diameter greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm and the particle diameter one-level screenings less than 100mm;
E1) second magnetic plant is used for sub-electing metal from above-mentioned gained particle diameter greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm,
Be connected in the winnowing machine behind second magnetic plant, be used for the mixture that selection by winnowing goes out to comprise light plastic, paper, cloth and leaf, rest materials is used for landfill;
Be connected in the rinsing machine behind the winnowing machine, be used for from described mixture through sub-electing light plastic, rest materials enters between pyrolytic gasification;
E2) the 3rd magnetic plant gained particle diameter enters less than the one-level screenings of 100mm, and the 3rd magnetic plant magneticly elects metal and battery,
Be connected in the secondary rotary screen behind the 3rd magnetic plant, its screen size is 10mm, be used to sieve the rest materials after the 3rd magnetic plant magnetic separation, obtain particle diameter between 10mm-100mm the secondary oversize and particle diameter less than the secondary screenings of 10mm, gained is used for landfill less than the secondary screenings of 10mm;
F) disintegrating machine is used for the secondary oversize of broken gained particle diameter between 10mm-100mm,
Transitional storehouse is used to deposit the material after the fragmentation;
(3) plastic granulating device
Cleaning unit is used for cleaning the e1 by device (2)) light plastic of institute's sorting,
Be connected in drying unit, reducing mechanism and prilling granulator behind the cleaning unit successively, be used to dry, pulverize and the light plastic of granulation after cleaning;
(4) wet separating and the prebake device
Wet separate reaction unit, be used for the f of bogey (2)) the broken thing of gained, sealing is wet separates 1 hour, and the reaction condition adjusting is provided; It comprises
The application of sample unit is used for the f to device (2)) adding chemical hydrolysis catalyst in the broken thing of gained,
The measurement and control of temperature unit is used for temperature is controlled under 150-200 ℃,
The pressure testing and controlling unit is used for vapours is remained between the 1.0-1.5Mpa, and
The extrusion dehydration unit is used for wet hydrolysis products extrusion drainage 1 hour;
Heat exchange unit is used for the wet hydrolysis products of gained and water and steam heat exchange;
Being connected in the wet extrusion dehydration equipment of separating behind the reaction unit, wet hydrolysis products extrusion dehydration to the water content that is used for being expelled under the condition with near ambient temperature, normal pressure after the heat exchange of this equipment reduces to 20%;
Be connected in the materials crusher behind the extrusion dehydration equipment, be used for the agglomerating material of extruding is pulverized;
Be connected in the wet boiler of separating reaction unit, be used to provide vapours to the wet reaction unit of separating, the flue gas that boiler produces carries out prebake through bag-type dust to the product after extrusion dehydration and the fragmentation in the prebake unit;
Second collector unit is used for collecting liquid, the liquid of extrusion dehydration equipment discharge and the liquid that the prebake process is discharged that the described wet process of separating is discharged, and it is connected in described wet separate reaction unit, extrusion dehydration equipment and prebake unit;
Be connected in the heavy metal extraction equipment of second collector unit, be used to remove heavy metal, obtaining light density water and heavy density water, described light density water is with the high activity oxygen enrichment family water treatment of molecular state dissolved oxygen value and active chalcogen oxygen molecule density over-saturation value,
Be connected in the 3rd collector unit of heavy metal extraction equipment, be used to collect heavy density water;
(5) regrading device
The cylinder dryer is used for further drying to water content from device (4) prebake gained material and reduces to below 10%,
Be connected in the two-stage rotary screen behind the cylinder dryer, its screen size is respectively 1.0mm and 10mm, is used for once sieving drying to water content reducing to material below 10%, and the gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm; The gained particle diameter is used for landfill greater than the oversize of 10mm; Be used for going into to sieve described two-stage rotary screen once more; Wherein secondary gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm, and gained particle diameter thing in the sieve of 1.0mm-10mm is used for landfill;
Be connected in the cooling cylinder of two-stage rotary screen, be used for cooling off the sieve thing of gained particle diameter at 1.0mm-10mm;
The composting intermediate bin, be used for carrying once screening gained particle diameter greater than the oversize of 10mm and be used for carrying once more screening gained particle diameter less than 1.0mm;
(6) composting device
The sampling Detection unit is used for the composition of sampling Detection composting intermediate bin material,
Mixing device is used for according to testing result extra-nutrition additive, and mixes material and nourishing additive agent in the described composting intermediate bin,
Be connected in the composting pulverizer behind the mixing device, be used to pulverize described mixture;
Be connected in the rotary drum granulator of composting pulverizer, the heavy density water that is used for mixture jetting device (4) collection after pulverizing is finished granulation;
(7) device of preparation garbage derivatived fuel
Destructive distillation device, be used for will device (2) b) and e1) material that enters between pyrolytic gasification of gained produce contaminated product and combustion gas.
Use method and system of the present invention, can realize the real-time processing of the harmless resource utilization of house refuse and mechanization, automation, have and utilize house refuse to greatest extent, zero-emission, take up an area of less, can build in the characteristics that resident living area handled nearby, accomplished that day clear and economic benefit of house refuse short distance daily output and social benefit are taken into account.Table 1 has provided the comprehensive comparison of method of the present invention and existing landfill, compost and incineration treatment method.
Table 1
Comprehensive relatively index The inventive method Sanitary landfills Compost fermentation Burning electricity generation
Processing speed Daily output day is clear, 3 hours batch processed time Daily output day is clear, and the whole resolving time goes up century-old 9-45 days 1-2 days
Secondary pollution There are not waste gas, waste liquid, residue contamination discharging Stink is serious, contaminated air, the time biogas self-firing and self-explosion arranged, filtrate contamination soil and underground water source, grow viral mosquitos and flies The smell pollution ambient air, percolate belongs to high-concentration waste water Front-end processing has smell pollution, and combustion phases has the dioxin discharging
Waste gas, waste residue, waste liquid Effluent purifying is handled reuse, waste gas qualified discharge, waste residue system building materials The highly polluted toxic emission of percolate, other solid waste are taken up an area of for a long time Water source, the highly polluted soil of percolate, air pollution, contaminated land, Be rich in heavy metal in the residue of burning back, a large amount of exhaust emission gases
Protection distance Can build in the residential block Protection distance is more than 500 meters Protection distance is more than 500 meters Protection distance is more than 800 meters
Floor space (500 ton per day) 50 mu More than 500 mu (10 times) More than 250 mu (5 times) 200 mu (4 times)
End product Efficient organic fertilizer, plastic grain, heavy oil, waste recovery Do not have Contain the higher poor efficiency fertilizer of heavy metal, waste recovery Heat energy or electric energy
Ton production capacity cost Ten thousand yuan of 15-25 Ten thousand yuan of 15-20 Ten thousand yuan of 15-22 Ten thousand yuan of 35-50
Operating cost (Beijing) 80 yuan/ton More than 108 yuan/ton More than 125 yuan/ton More than 165 yuan/ton
Economic benefit Full resource, economic benefit is reasonable, the long-term optimum operation of recouping the investment in 3 years Payment surrounding enviroment pollution charges, pure relying on government subsidy, part resource Energy consumption for keeping temperature, fertilizer does not have market, relies on subsidy, the loss operation Coal, oil consumption height lose or the operation that breaks even, and reclaim more than 12 years
Automaticity Can realize full-automatic Manually+machinery Semi-automatic Can realize full-automatic
Energy-saving and emission-reduction Energy-conservation, the high reduction of discharging, 1000 ton per days are handled and are reduced discharging: CO 230.9 ten thousand tons Waste gas, discharging of waste liquid, waste residue takes up an area of all the year round Energy consumption for keeping temperature, waste gas, waste liquid discharge in a large number Coal, innage consumption, waste gas, dioxin discharging belong to high consumption and increase row
Description of drawings
The theory diagram of Fig. 1 house refuse as harmless resource real time processing system of the present invention;
The water balance figure of Fig. 2 house refuse as harmless resource real-time processing method of the present invention and system;
The heat balance figure of Fig. 3 house refuse as harmless resource real-time processing method of the present invention and system.
The specific embodiment
House refuse as harmless resource real-time processing method provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) the temporary step of cleaning before the domestic rubbish disposal
A) the transport vehicle integral body that carries house refuse is weighed;
B) the described transport vehicle of house refuse that carries is through Water curtain wall and sterilization;
Preferably, the disinfection way the b of described step 1)) can be selected from least a of spraying fungicide, biological insecticides and ultraviolet ray irradiation.Described sterilization can guarantee that the cram packer surface does not grow harmful microorganism, parasite, and guarantees not produce new chemical pollutant.
C) between the described house refuse of discharging to sealing is kept in,
By Water curtain wall and described extraneous the isolation, blocking-up house refuse peculiar smell escapes between described keeping in,
D) the biological eliminating smell agent of spray is guaranteed 24 hours no mosquitos and flies to eliminate the temporary heap of house refuse body peculiar smell; Described biological eliminating smell agent is the biological eliminating smell agent of this area routine, only otherwise contain poisonous chemical contamination, and can contamination-freely be broken down into eco-friendly material and get final product after one or more steps below experience the present invention.The consumption that sprays biological eliminating smell agent according to the temporary heap of house refuse body between temporary time and decide because batch cycle of method disposal of refuse of the present invention was generally 3 hours, can accomplish that daily output is day clearly.
E) will keep in a gas and import the biofilter, and enter purifying column at last and handle;
F) collect house refuse and ooze drop liquid.
Water curtain wall water described in the step (1) can be from the cooling water that uses in the inventive method and the system, through the circular regeneration water of bio-aeration technology and the strong strong oxidation fast processing of hydroxyl system handles.The strong oxidation fast processing of described strong hydroxyl system is suitable for High energy water, high activity oxygen enrichment (family) water body when being molecular state dissolved oxygen value (DO value) and active chalcogen oxygen molecule density over-saturation value, its lytic activity chalcogen DO value density is up to 10-200mg/L (adjustable as required), under artificial mechanism and external condition effect, over-saturation active oxygen in the High energy water and water generates superoxide radical anion (O 2-), hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2), free hydroxyl (OH -), negative oxygen ion group: O 2(H 2O) n, OH -(H 2O) n, CO 4(H 2O) n, H 3O 2(H2O) n or the like, all contaminations in the fast strong redox degradation of sewage of these high activity particle functional groups becomes nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane and water to pollutant, realizes the purification of water quality reduction.In addition, sanitary sewage and according to the flushing water that washes ground, equipment in the inventive method production process, sewage is used mixedly in the flushing workshop, the sewage of flushing sorting component, after adopting magnetic strength BAF method to handle, meet state-set standard, reuse is greening water, wash water.
(2) sorting consumer waste step
A) the temporary heap of described house refuse body is shifted onto on the chain and pan conveyor through the rubbish loading machine;
B) described house refuse is transported to the single-deck vibrating screen that sieve diameter is 90mm, the preliminary screening of the different house refuse of jumping height when described single-deck vibrating screen is realized shape, volume, proportion with motion collision, form obviously material bed, be delivered to the rotary letter sorting platform of manipulator then, sorting out big part combustible material from material bed directly enters between pyrolytic gasification, collection sub-elects heavy density brick and tile stone and is used for landfill, and collects and recycle after time heavy density glass is used to wash;
Wherein said big combustible material: refer to that weight surpasses 5kg or volume surpasses 0.2m 3And length surpasses large-scale combustible materials such as waste and old furniture, office accommodation and packing case, the large bamboo or wicker basket of 1m.
With respect to artificial hand-sorted, the rotary letter sorting platform of described manipulator, house refuse conveying equipment (the rubbish loading machine is shifted chain and pan conveyor onto) and equipment of the present invention all are sealing systems, or even negative pressure system, have observation window, can realize the letter sorting of complete mechanicalization.Density＞the 2g/cm of described heavy density brick and tile stone 3Volume is relatively large, than great, jumping height is minimum when the motion collision, the density of described heavy density glass reaches 1.30-1.50g/cm 3, hardness is big, proportion is bigger, and general surface is more smooth, and jumping height is higher when motion collision.
C) rest materials enters the bag-breaking machine broken bag, and the material after the broken bag adsorbs through first magnetic plant, obtains reclaiming thereby sub-elect part metals;
D) material after the broken bag is the one-level rotary screen screening of 100mm through screen size, obtains particle diameter greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm and the particle diameter one-level screenings less than 100mm;
E1) the gained particle diameter enters second magnetic plant greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm, sub-elects metal, enters winnowing machine then, and the winnowing machine selection by winnowing goes out to comprise the mixture of light plastic, paper, cloth and leaf, and rest materials is used for landfill; Described then mixture sub-elects light plastic through rinsing machine, and rest materials enters between pyrolytic gasification;
E2) the gained particle diameter enters the 3rd magnetic plant less than the one-level screenings of 100mm, the 3rd magnetic plant magneticly elects metal and battery, rest materials enters the secondary rotary screen screening that screen size is 10mm, obtain particle diameter between 10mm-100mm the secondary oversize and particle diameter less than the secondary screenings of 10mm, gained is used for landfill less than the secondary screenings of 10mm;
F) the gained particle diameter moves to transitional storehouse after the secondary oversize between the 10mm-100mm enters crusher in crushing;
(3) plastic granulating step
The e1 of cleaning step (2)) light plastic of institute's sorting is dried then, is pulverized and granulation;
(4) wet separating and the prebake step
F to step (2)) adds the chemical hydrolysis catalyst in the broken thing of gained, under air-proof condition, in the vapours of 150-200 ℃ of following 1.0-1.5Mpa, wet and separated 1 hour, extrusion drainage is 1 hour then, after the wet hydrolysis products of gained and water and the steam heat exchange, under the condition of near ambient temperature, normal pressure, be expelled to extrusion dehydration equipment, carry out extrusion dehydration to water content and reduce to 20%; Pushing agglomerating material pulverizes through materials crusher; Described vapours is provided by boiler, and the flue gas that boiler produces carries out prebake through bag-type dust to the product after extrusion dehydration and the fragmentation;
Collect described wet separate the liquid extraction heavy metal that the liquid of discharging in the process, liquid that extrusion dehydration equipment is discharged and prebake process discharge after, obtain light density water and heavy density water, the high activity oxygen enrichment family water treatment of molecular state dissolved oxygen value and active chalcogen oxygen molecule density over-saturation value of described light density water, and collect heavy density water.Extracting heavy metal can use ferrite process, heavy metal flocculation and citrate and/or aspartate extraction.The high activity oxygen enrichment family water treatment of molecular state dissolved oxygen value and active chalcogen oxygen molecule density over-saturation value of described light density water.Described light density water density can be less than 1g/mm 3Described heavy density water is rich in sugar, humic acid and other soluble nutritious components owing to containing, so density can be greater than 1.1g/mm 3
Chemical hydrolysis catalyst in the described step (4) is selected from least a in sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and the spontaneous catalyst, and the use amount of described chemical hydrolysis catalyst reaches the pH value of imitation animal stomach, is generally pH 1-2.Described autocatalysis agent comprises acetate, lignin that the organic acid of generation comprises that hemicellulose takes off in degradation process second look down base the forms formic acid that forms of taking off methoxyl group in degradation process, the amino acid that protein forms, the aliphatic acid that fat forms etc. in degradation process in degradation process.
Under air-proof condition, in the vapours of 170-190 ℃ of following 1.0-1.25Mpa, wet in the preferred steps (4) and separated 1 hour.The quick-fried technology of above-mentioned heat spray can become the quick-fried technology of bionical stomach catalysis heat spray.The pressure reduction of the bionical stomach of described industry in the material spray is quick-fried changes and can make organic pulverize powder in moment, and the particles of inorganic material consistency.For example carried out that lignin is dissolved with cellulose and separated, cellulose fracture simultaneously, the process that molecular weight diminishes.As everyone knows, cellulose is the polymer that is coupled together by β (1 → 4) glycosidic bond by β-glucopyranosyl, and its degree of polymerization has very big-difference along with the cellulose of separate sources.The general degree of polymerization is approximately thousands of.Owing to exist huge hydrogen bond action power with interchain in the dextran chain, cellulosic molecule is existed with crystalloid microfiber bundle structure in plant cell wall, and this class crystalline texture is not continuous, this is because the scrambling that microfibre is arranged between the not syncrystallization causes, hydrogen bond action power between the non-crystalline structure a little less than, under the effect of high-temperature vapour, be easy to destroyed.Molecular chain rupture not only takes place in the cellulose through the HTHP heat painting, molecular weight diminishes, the more important thing is in its molecule and increased hydroxyl and carboxyl class active group, intermolecular space increases a lot, the specific volume that is to say it has increased manyfold, and we are through the cellulose appellation activated cellulose after the heat painting.Compare with common cellulose, activated cellulose has thereby has produced a series of characteristic, and it mainly is:
(I) retentiveness: contain a large amount of hydrophilic radicals in the molecular structure of activated cellulose, therefore it has very strong retentiveness, concrete moisture holding capacity and cellulosic source and processing method have much relations, its retentiveness of fiber through 170 ℃ of high temperature heat paintings increases greatly, and its retention ability can reach between 2 to 25 times of own wt.After handling 15 minutes as potato peel with 170 ℃ heat steam, it is quick-fried to carry out the moment spray, can obtain the about 10 times product of water retention property.
(II) adsorptivity; Activated cellulose is in manufacture process, because the rapid expansion gasification of water in the cellulose, space between the microfiber bundle crystallization is increased, formed microcellular structure, make activated cellulose become a good adsorbent thereby add a large amount of active groups that fiber surface has, its nutrition (N, P in can adsorption fertilizer, K) thus nutrition can be remained among " organic fertilizer " effectively, it has not only prevented the loss of nutrition in the fertilizer and has played the effect of slow release fertilizer.
(III) ion-exchange and chelating: cellulose is in activation process, molecular chain rupture, molecular weight diminishes, be hydrolyzed simultaneously, thereby on main chain and side chain, generated the group of a large amount of carboxyls and hydroxyl, they have presented cation exchange effect and chelation, and this cation exchange effect can be played important effect to the salinization and alkalization that alleviates soil; This is because the ratio of ionic radii potassium ion and the ammonium ion of sodium ion are little, and the active group in the activated cellulose reduces the Na ion concentration in the soil to the absorption and the chelation of sodium ion, improves the degree of the salinization of soil effectively.
(IV) gas permeability: activated cellulose is the very little porous material of specific volume.It has loose, the volume big structure of splashing.Its volume of suction back more can expand, and still can keep many air between its space.Therefore use this organic fertilizer can make soil conservation account for rarefaction, good effect is played in the growth and the breathing of plant root.
(V) degradability: the molecular weight of activated cellulose is much smaller more than cellulose, and is faster than cellulose at its degradation speed of occurring in nature under the effect of enzyme and flora, and therefore a large amount of repeated uses can not have a negative impact to ecological environment.
Therefore the organic matter in the house refuse just becomes the high-quality fertilizer material after spraying quick-fried processing through catalysis heat, with compare by the organic fertilizer of fermentation method production usually, biologies such as it not only is free from germs, spore, worm's ovum the more important thing is that it is the sustained release agent of a kind of soil conditioner, water-loss reducer and fertilizer, will have certain lasting effectiveness to improving the ecological environment.
(5) regrading step
Step (4) prebake gained material is further dried to water content at the cylinder dryer and is reduced to below 10%, enters the two-stage rotary screen screening that screen size is respectively 1.0mm and 10mm; Wherein the gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm; The gained particle diameter is used for landfill greater than the oversize of 10mm; Gained particle diameter thing in the sieve of 1.0mm-10mm is gone into described two-stage rotary screen screening once more after the cooling cylinder cooling; Wherein secondary gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm, and gained particle diameter thing in the sieve of 1.0mm-10mm is used for landfill;
(6) composting step
The composition of material in the sampling Detection composting intermediate bin, according to testing result extra-nutrition additive, and mix material and nourishing additive agent in the described composting intermediate bin, pulverize through the composting pulverizer then at mixed material area, send into rotary drum granulator, the heavy density water that sprays into step (4) collection is finished granulation;
(7) step of preparation garbage derivatived fuel
B with step (2)) and e1) contaminated product and combustion gas are produced in the material destructive distillation that enters between pyrolytic gasification of gained.The condition of described step (7) destructive distillation is 850～1050 ℃ of gasification temperatures.The characteristics of the gasification furnace that retort process of the present invention is used are: (I) need not add extra auxiliary fuel, owing to be the burning of limit oxygen, it is few to produce exhaust gas volumn in the stove, and flue gas is easy to handle.(II) second-time burning fire tube and the blast pipe cooperating of introducing from top spiral smoke box make that the junk burning that enters body of heater is fierce, temperature is high, and gasification, and combustion is thorough.(III) the spiral smoke box is the multi-stage annular pipe, and is respectively equipped with aperture, effectively stops the unburnt tar of fire tube, tar is come back in the body of heater, be decomposed into fuel gas, thereby alleviated the burden of downstream gas cleaning, can not stop up smoke pipe yet, innoxious, resource is remarkable.(IV) the spiral smoke box of this device, second-time burning fire tube, fin cooperating, can make full use of a large amount of high-temperature flue gas that burning produces, the biomass castoff that enters from charging aperture preheating high-temperature spiral smoke box, burner hearth, drying, destructive distillation pyrolysis, in anaerobic environment, produce a large amount of burning mixtures.(V) the second-time burning fire tube of this device, blast pipe cooperating make high-temperature flue gas that the long time of staying be arranged in the second-time burning fire tube, thoroughly decompose and burn poisonous and harmful element such as dioxin, have realized harmless treatment.(VI) flue gas purification system, cooling, dedusting, a series of purification process of decoking wet goods of flue gas have been realized, the spray quencher makes the flue gas of about 800 ℃ of exhanst gas outlets reduce to about 100 ℃ to have to go to the toilet at 1 second, thereby avoided the generation once more of flue gas dioxin in follow-up purification process, add the floating middle spray of lime, thin spray, further remove oxious components such as hydrogen chloride micro-in the flue gas, sulfide, flue dust, realize non-pollution discharge.(VII) a small amount of tar that produces in this device flue gas purification system by slag filtration, comes back to high temperature carbon residue district in the body of heater, tar generation Pintsch process and catalytic pyrolysis, tar is converted to fuel gas, has both improved energy utilization rate, thoroughly reduced secondary pollution again.(VIII) be provided with closed garbage house, feed arrangement, under closed state, rubbish is sent in the body of heater, avoided the rubbish stink to leak, atmosphere pollution, foul smell in the rubbish is the interior air intake air of body of heater as a supplement, percolate is all imported and is participated in gasification reaction in the stove, makes the garbage disposal plant not have foul smell, non-wastewater discharge.(XI) body of heater, feed arrangement, combustion gas retracting device, smoke eliminator can realize controlling garbage feeding, combustion gasification all by automatic controlling system, combustion gas is reclaimed, fume emission, whole runnings of slagging tap automatically, stable, safe, simple to operate.
The gasifier operation parameter is as follows: disposal ability (t/h) 200; Second-time burning fire tube (group) 8; The intensity of gasification (kg/m 2.h) 〉=400; Gasification efficiency (%) 〉=72; The thermal efficiency (%) 〉=72; Oil productivity (%) 5～20; Slag amount (%)＜5; Gasification temperature (℃) 850～1050; Gas residence time (S)＞2; Residence time of material (H) 1.5～2.0.
The e1 of described step (2)) and e2) and step (5) be used for the material of landfill can be for being used to build the material of brickmaking.The noise that the inventive method produces, the application of the invention are used for the structure of the brick that the material of landfill makes and the thickness and the structure of building masonry wall, realize that sound insulation is to cut down anti noise.
The described metal that sub-elects is the metal that attracts each other with magnetic plant.Described metal is preferably selected from iron, cobalt and nickel.
The f of step (1)) collected garbage leachate and Water curtain wall waste water, and the various waste water of implementing to produce in the inventive method process can be handled with the existing sewage treatment process in this area, for example, as shown in Figure 2, experience precipitation operation, the quick-fried gas operation of oxidation and filtration operation become the secondary recycle-water.Preferably, the f of step (1)) collected garbage leachate and Water curtain wall waste water can participate in the later processing of described step (4).
The solid ammonia jar of the heavy density water feed liquor body of described step (4), and add solid ammonia catalyst oxidation magnesium, PH is controlled at 6-9, and the reaction time is 0.5-4h, Gu the ammonia temperature is 70 ℃-300 ℃, pressure is 1.0MPa-3.0MPa; Gained solution joins in the hydrolysis powder after the concentrate of four-effect evaporator evaporation 60%～70%.
House refuse as harmless resource real time processing system provided by the invention comprises:
(1) cleaning apparatus for temporary storage before the domestic rubbish disposal
A) weighing unit is used for the transport vehicle integral body that carries house refuse is weighed;
B) be positioned at Water curtain wall and disinfection unit on the transport vehicle direct of travel, wherein, described Water curtain wall is used to clean the transport vehicle that carries house refuse, and isolates the peculiar smell that transport vehicle sends, the transport vehicle surface that described disinfection unit is used to sterilize and carries house refuse;
C) between sealing is kept in, be used for depositing the temporary heap of described house refuse body by the transport vehicle unloading temporarily,
Have Water curtain wall and described extraneous the isolation between described keeping in, blocking-up house refuse peculiar smell escapes,
D) spray unit is used for spraying biological eliminating smell agent to eliminate peculiar smell to the temporary heap of house refuse body, guarantees 24 hours no mosquitos and flies;
E) negative pressure device and connect its biofilter and purifying column is used for gas between temporary is imported the biofilter, enters purifying column at last and handles;
F) first collector unit is used for the collection that house refuse is oozed drop liquid;
(2) domestic waste sorting device
A) rubbish loading machine is used for shifting the temporary heap of described house refuse body onto chain and pan conveyor;
B) single-deck vibrating screen, it receives the temporary heap of house refuse body of chain and pan conveyor transportation, its sieve diameter is 90mm, the preliminary screening of the different house refuse of jumping height when being used to realize to shape, volume, proportion with motion collision, form obviously material bed,
And the rotary letter sorting platform of manipulator, from be delivered to this platform material bed, sort out big part combustible material and directly enter between pyrolytic gasification, collect and sub-elect heavy density brick and tile stone and be used for landfill, and collect time heavy density glass and be used to wash the back and recycle;
C) bag-breaking machine is used for broken bag device b) rest materials that obtains after the sorting,
Be connected in first magnetic plant behind the bag-breaking machine, be used for adsorbing the metal of the material after the broken bag, obtain reclaiming thereby sub-elect part metals;
D) one-level rotary screen, its screen size is 100mm, is used to sieve the material after the broken bag, obtains particle diameter greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm and the particle diameter one-level screenings less than 100mm;
E1) second magnetic plant is used for sub-electing metal from above-mentioned gained particle diameter greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm,
Be connected in the winnowing machine behind second magnetic plant, be used for the mixture that selection by winnowing goes out to comprise light plastic, paper, cloth and leaf, rest materials is used for landfill;
Be connected in the rinsing machine behind the winnowing machine, be used for from described mixture through sub-electing light plastic, rest materials enters between pyrolytic gasification;
E2) the 3rd magnetic plant gained particle diameter enters less than the one-level screenings of 100mm, and the 3rd magnetic plant magneticly elects metal and battery,
Be connected in the secondary rotary screen behind the 3rd magnetic plant, its screen size is 10mm, be used to sieve the rest materials after the 3rd magnetic plant magnetic separation, obtain particle diameter between 10mm-100mm the secondary oversize and particle diameter less than the secondary screenings of 10mm, gained is used for landfill less than the secondary screenings of 10mm;
F) disintegrating machine is used for the secondary oversize of broken gained particle diameter between 10mm-100mm,
Transitional storehouse is used to deposit the material after the fragmentation;
(3) plastic granulating device
Cleaning unit is used for cleaning the e1 by device (2)) light plastic of institute's sorting,
Be connected in drying unit, reducing mechanism and prilling granulator behind the cleaning unit successively, be used to dry, pulverize and the light plastic of granulation after cleaning;
(4) wet separating and the prebake device
Wet separate reaction unit, be used for the f of bogey (2)) the broken thing of gained, sealing is wet separates 1 hour, and the reaction condition adjusting is provided; It comprises
The application of sample unit is used for the f to device (2)) adding chemical hydrolysis catalyst in the broken thing of gained,
The measurement and control of temperature unit is used for temperature is controlled under 150-200 ℃,
The pressure testing and controlling unit is used for vapours is remained between the 1.0-1.5Mpa, and
The extrusion dehydration unit is used for wet hydrolysis products extrusion drainage 1 hour;
Heat exchange unit is used for the wet hydrolysis products of gained and water and steam heat exchange;
Being connected in the wet extrusion dehydration equipment of separating behind the reaction unit, wet hydrolysis products extrusion dehydration to the water content that is used for being expelled under the condition with near ambient temperature, normal pressure after the heat exchange of this equipment reduces to 20%;
Be connected in the materials crusher behind the extrusion dehydration equipment, be used for the agglomerating material of extruding is pulverized;
Be connected in the wet boiler of separating reaction unit, be used to provide vapours to the wet reaction unit of separating, the flue gas that boiler produces carries out prebake through bag-type dust to the product after extrusion dehydration and the fragmentation in the prebake unit;
Second collector unit is used for collecting liquid, the liquid of extrusion dehydration equipment discharge and the liquid that the prebake process is discharged that the described wet process of separating is discharged, and it is connected in described wet separate reaction unit, extrusion dehydration equipment and prebake unit;
Be connected in the heavy metal extraction equipment of second collector unit, be used to remove heavy metal, obtaining light density water and heavy density water, described light density water is with the high activity oxygen enrichment family water treatment of molecular state dissolved oxygen value and active chalcogen oxygen molecule density over-saturation value,
Be connected in the 3rd collector unit of heavy metal extraction equipment, be used to collect heavy density water;
(5) regrading device
The cylinder dryer is used for further drying to water content from device (4) prebake gained material and reduces to below 10%,
Be connected in the two-stage rotary screen behind the cylinder dryer, its screen size is respectively 1.0mm and 10mm, is used for once sieving drying to water content reducing to material below 10%, and the gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm; The gained particle diameter is used for landfill greater than the oversize of 10mm; Be used for going into to sieve described two-stage rotary screen once more; Wherein secondary gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm, and gained particle diameter thing in the sieve of 1.0mm-10mm is used for landfill;
Be connected in the cooling cylinder of two-stage rotary screen, be used for cooling off the sieve thing of gained particle diameter at 1.0mm-10mm;
The composting intermediate bin, be used for carrying once screening gained particle diameter greater than the oversize of 10mm and be used for carrying once more screening gained particle diameter less than 1.0mm;
(6) composting device
The sampling Detection unit is used for the composition of sampling Detection composting intermediate bin material,
Mixing device is used for according to testing result extra-nutrition additive, and mixes material and nourishing additive agent in the described composting intermediate bin,
Be connected in the composting pulverizer behind the mixing device, be used to pulverize described mixture;
Be connected in the rotary drum granulator of composting pulverizer, the heavy density water that is used for mixture jetting device (4) collection after pulverizing is finished granulation;
(7) device of preparation garbage derivatived fuel
Destructive distillation device, be used for will device (2) b) and e1) material that enters between pyrolytic gasification of gained produce contaminated product and combustion gas.
Preferably, garbage leachate collected the f of device (1)) can participate in processing procedure by access to plant (4).
House refuse as harmless resource real time processing system provided by the invention can realize the control of computer comprehensive automation, and passes through the sampling inspection results of each device, can regulate technological parameter by the variation according to material at any time.For example, the composition of house refuse is bigger with region, season and Changes in weather, can monitor composition in real time by automatic monitoring system of the present invention and change, thereby and the equipment running parameters such as wind-force size, drum speed, jumping height of adjusting sorting automatically guarantee that sorting is thorough.
Embodiment 1
House refuse with component of refuse as shown in table 2 below is used method of the present invention:
Table 2
Figure G2009100874194D00171
(1) the temporary step of cleaning before the domestic rubbish disposal
A) the transport vehicle integral body that carries house refuse is weighed, vehicle, license number and the house refuse of record garbage truck be transported into date, time, a gross weight note day accumulative total freight volume.
B) the described transport vehicle that carries house refuse is also used the surface of disinfection by ultraviolet light transport vehicle through Water curtain wall.
C) between the described house refuse of discharging to sealing is kept in,
By Water curtain wall and described extraneous the isolation, blocking-up house refuse peculiar smell escapes between described keeping in, and unloaded transport vehicle process Water curtain wall obtains cleaning.The house refuse that stopped in 1 day between temporary reaches 200 tons.
D) spray microorganism eliminating smell agent is guaranteed 24 hours no mosquitos and flies to eliminate the temporary heap of house refuse body peculiar smell;
E) will keep in a gas suction biofilter, the gas that overflows enters purifying column at last and handles;
F) the ground groove compiles house refuse and oozes drop liquid and collected between temporary;
(2) sorting consumer waste step
A) the temporary heap of described house refuse body is shifted onto on the chain and pan conveyor through the rubbish loading machine, realize rubbish temporary between in rubbish successively enter system of the present invention;
B) described house refuse is transported in the single-deck vibrating screen that sieve diameter is 90mm, the preliminary screening of the different house refuse of jumping height when described single-deck vibrating screen is realized shape, volume, proportion with motion collision, form obviously material bed, be delivered to the rotary letter sorting platform of manipulator then, from material bed, sort out big part combustible material and directly enter (3 tons) between pyrolytic gasification, collect and sub-elect heavy density (＞2g/cm 3) brick and tile stone is used for landfill (0.5 ton), and collection time heavy density (1.30-1.50g/cm 3) glass (0.1 ton) is used to wash the back and recycles;
C) rest materials enters the bag-breaking machine broken bag, and the material after the broken bag obtains reclaiming thereby sub-elect part iron through first magnetic plant (magnetic roller) absorption;
D) material after the broken bag is the one-level rotary screen screening of 100mm through screen size, obtains particle diameter greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm and the particle diameter one-level screenings less than 100mm;
E1) the gained particle diameter enters second magnetic plant greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm, and sorting is tapped a blast furnace 0.25 ton, enters winnowing machine then, and the winnowing machine selection by winnowing goes out to comprise the mixture of light plastic, paper, cloth and leaf, and rest materials is used for landfill; Described then mixture sub-elects light plastic (4 tons) through rinsing machine, and rest materials (75 tons on leaf, cloth and paper) enters between pyrolytic gasification;
E2) the gained particle diameter enters the 3rd magnetic plant less than the one-level screenings of 100mm, the 3rd magnetic plant magnetic separation tap a blast furnace 0.75 ton and battery, rest materials enters the secondary rotary screen screening that screen size is 10mm, obtain particle diameter between 10mm-100mm the secondary oversize and particle diameter less than the secondary screenings of 10mm, gained is used for landfill less than the secondary screenings of 10mm (ash, soil and husky 16 tons);
F) the gained particle diameter moves to transitional storehouse after the secondary oversize between the 10mm-100mm (100 tons of organic materials) enters crusher in crushing;
(3) plastic granulating step
The e1 of cleaning step (2)) light plastic of institute's sorting is dried then, is pulverized and granulation, obtains 3.9 tons of plastic products;
(4) wet separating and the prebake step
F to step (2)) hydrochloric acid solution of adding 20% in the broken thing of gained in, addition makes the pH value of broken thing and mixture of catalysts reach 1-2 in the animal stomach, under air-proof condition, in the vapours of 170 ℃ of following 1.25Mpa, wet and separated 1 hour, extrusion drainage is 1 hour then, after the wet hydrolysis products of gained and water and the steam heat exchange, under the condition of near ambient temperature, normal pressure, be expelled to extrusion dehydration equipment, carry out extrusion dehydration to water content and reduce to 20%; Pushing agglomerating material pulverizes through materials crusher; Described vapours is provided by boiler, and the flue gas that boiler produces carries out prebake through bag-type dust to the product after extrusion dehydration and the fragmentation;
Collect described wet separate 20 tons of the liquid of discharging in the process, 17 tons of the liquid of extrusion dehydration equipment discharge and 5 tons of merging of liquid that the prebake process is discharged, behind the ferrite process extracting heavy metal, obtain light density water (less than 1g/mm 3) and weigh density water (greater than 1.1g/mm 3), the high activity oxygen enrichment family water treatment of molecular state dissolved oxygen value and active chalcogen oxygen molecule density over-saturation value of described light density water, and collect heavy density water;
(5) regrading step
Step (4) prebake gained material is further dried to water content at the cylinder dryer and is reduced to below 10%, enters the two-stage rotary screen screening that screen size is respectively 1.0mm and 10mm; Wherein the gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings (20 tons) of 1.0mm; The gained particle diameter is used for landfill greater than the oversize (25 tons) of 10mm; Gained particle diameter thing in the sieve of 1.0mm-10mm is gone into described two-stage rotary screen screening once more after the cooling cylinder cooling; Wherein secondary gained particle diameter directly enters composting intermediate bin (14 tons) less than the screenings of 1.0mm, and gained particle diameter thing in the sieve of 1.0mm-10mm is used for landfill (7 tons);
(6) composting step
The composition of material in the sampling Detection composting intermediate bin, according to testing result reference " GB21633-2008 bulk blended fertilizer " extra-nutrition additive, and mix material and nourishing additive agent in the described composting intermediate bin at mixed material area, pulverize through the composting pulverizer then, send into rotary drum granulator, the heavy density water that sprays into step (4) collection is finished granulation, oven dry, sieve, envelope obtains 50 tons in compound fertilizer; Gained composite fertilizer quality standard is as follows: 1) outward appearance: the sepia cylindrical particle;
2) moisture :≤15%;
3) pH value: 6.5～7.5
4) content of organic matter: 〉=30%
5) N+P+K total content: satisfy above-mentioned standard GB 21633-2008
6) particle diameter: 3～5.5mm
7) effectively particle compares: 〉=90%.
8) particle anti-crushing force: 〉=8N.
9) shelf-life: 18 months.
(7) step of preparation garbage derivatived fuel
B with step (2)) and e1) contaminated product and combustion gas are produced in the material destructive distillation that enters between pyrolytic gasification of gained.Gasifier operation parameter between pyrolytic gasification is as follows: disposal ability (t/h) 200; Second-time burning fire tube (group) 8; The intensity of gasification (kg/m 2.h) 〉=400; Gasification efficiency (%) 〉=72; The thermal efficiency (%) 〉=72; Oil productivity (%) 5～20; Slag amount (%)＜5; Gasification temperature (℃) 850～1050; Gas residence time (S)＞2; Residence time of material (H) 1.5～2.0.

Claims (10)

1. the house refuse as harmless resource real-time processing method is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) the temporary step of cleaning before the domestic rubbish disposal
A) the transport vehicle integral body that carries house refuse is weighed;
B) the described transport vehicle of house refuse that carries is through Water curtain wall and sterilization;
C) between the described house refuse of discharging to sealing is kept in,
By Water curtain wall and described extraneous the isolation, blocking-up house refuse peculiar smell escapes between described keeping in,
D) the biological eliminating smell agent of spray is guaranteed 24 hours no mosquitos and flies to eliminate the temporary heap of house refuse body peculiar smell;
E) will keep in a gas and import the biofilter, and enter purifying column at last and handle;
F) collect house refuse and ooze drop liquid;
(2) sorting consumer waste step
A) the temporary heap of described house refuse body is shifted onto on the chain and pan conveyor through the rubbish loading machine;
B) described house refuse is transported to the single-deck vibrating screen that sieve diameter is 90mm, the preliminary screening of the different house refuse of jumping height when described single-deck vibrating screen is realized shape, volume, proportion with motion collision, form obviously material bed, be delivered to the rotary letter sorting platform of manipulator then, sorting out big part combustible material from material bed directly enters between pyrolytic gasification, collection sub-elects heavy density brick and tile stone and is used for landfill, and collects and recycle after time heavy density glass is used to wash;
C) rest materials enters the bag-breaking machine broken bag, and the material after the broken bag adsorbs through first magnetic plant, obtains reclaiming thereby sub-elect part metals;
D) material after the broken bag is the one-level rotary screen screening of 100mm through screen size, obtains particle diameter greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm and the particle diameter one-level screenings less than 100mm;
E1) the gained particle diameter enters second magnetic plant greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm, sub-elects metal, enters winnowing machine then, and the winnowing machine selection by winnowing goes out to comprise the mixture of light plastic, paper, cloth and leaf, and rest materials is used for landfill; Described then mixture sub-elects light plastic through rinsing machine, and rest materials enters between pyrolytic gasification;
E2) the gained particle diameter enters the 3rd magnetic plant less than the one-level screenings of 100mm, the 3rd magnetic plant magneticly elects metal and battery, rest materials enters the secondary rotary screen screening that screen size is 10mm, obtain particle diameter between 10mm-100mm the secondary oversize and particle diameter less than the secondary screenings of 10mm, gained is used for landfill less than the secondary screenings of 10mm;
F) the gained particle diameter moves to transitional storehouse after the secondary oversize between the 10mm-100mm enters crusher in crushing;
(3) plastic granulating step
The e1 of cleaning step (2)) light plastic of institute's sorting is dried then, is pulverized and granulation;
(4) wet separating and the prebake step
F to step (2)) adds the chemical hydrolysis catalyst in the broken thing of gained, under air-proof condition, in the vapours of 150-200 ℃ of following 1.0-1.5Mpa, wet and separated 1 hour, extrusion drainage is 1 hour then, after the wet hydrolysis products of gained and water and the steam heat exchange, under the condition of near ambient temperature, normal pressure, be expelled to extrusion dehydration equipment, carry out extrusion dehydration to water content and reduce to 20%; Pushing agglomerating material pulverizes through materials crusher; Described vapours is provided by boiler, and the flue gas that boiler produces carries out prebake through bag-type dust to the product after extrusion dehydration and the fragmentation;
Collect described wet separate the liquid extraction heavy metal that the liquid of discharging in the process, liquid that extrusion dehydration equipment is discharged and prebake process discharge after, obtain light density water and heavy density water, the high activity oxygen enrichment family water treatment of molecular state dissolved oxygen value and active chalcogen oxygen molecule density over-saturation value of described light density water, and collect heavy density water;
(5) regrading step
Step (4) prebake gained material is further dried to water content at the cylinder dryer and is reduced to below 10%, enters the two-stage rotary screen screening that screen size is respectively 1.0mm and 10mm; Wherein the gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm; The gained particle diameter is used for landfill greater than the oversize of 10mm; Gained particle diameter thing in the sieve of 1.0mm-10mm is gone into described two-stage rotary screen screening once more after the cooling cylinder cooling; Wherein secondary gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm, and gained particle diameter thing in the sieve of 1.0mm-10mm is used for landfill;
(6) composting step
The composition of material in the sampling Detection composting intermediate bin, according to testing result extra-nutrition additive, and mix material and nourishing additive agent in the described composting intermediate bin, pulverize through the composting pulverizer then at mixed material area, send into rotary drum granulator, the heavy density water that sprays into step (4) collection is finished granulation;
(7) step of preparation garbage derivatived fuel
B with step (2)) and e1) contaminated product and combustion gas are produced in the material destructive distillation that enters between pyrolytic gasification of gained.
2. the disinfection way method according to claim 1, wherein, the b of described step 1)) is selected from and sprays at least a of biological bactericide, biological insecticides and ultraviolet ray irradiation.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, the e1 of described step (2)) and e2) and step (5) material that is used for landfill be the material that is used to build brickmaking.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, described metal is the metal that attracts each other with magnetic plant.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein, described metal chosen from Fe, cobalt and nickel.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, the condition of described step (7) destructive distillation is 850～1050 ℃ of gasification temperatures.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein, the f of step (1)) collected garbage leachate and Water curtain wall waste water participate in the later processing of described step (4).
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, the chemical hydrolysis catalyst in the described step (4) is selected from least a in sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and the spontaneous catalyst, and the use amount of described chemical hydrolysis catalyst reaches the pH value of imitation animal stomach.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein, the solid ammonia jar of the heavy density water feed liquor body of described step (4), and add solid ammonia catalyst oxidation magnesium, and PH is controlled at 6-9, and the reaction time is 0.5-4h, Gu the ammonia temperature is 70 ℃-300 ℃, pressure is 1.0MPa-3.0MPa; Gained solution joins in the hydrolysis powder after the concentrate of four-effect evaporator evaporation 60%～70%.
10. a house refuse as harmless resource real time processing system is characterized in that, described system comprises: cleaning apparatus for temporary storage before (1) domestic rubbish disposal
A) weighing unit is used for the transport vehicle integral body that carries house refuse is weighed;
B) be positioned at Water curtain wall and disinfection unit on the transport vehicle direct of travel, wherein, described Water curtain wall is used to clean the transport vehicle that carries house refuse, and isolates the peculiar smell that transport vehicle sends, the transport vehicle surface that described disinfection unit is used to sterilize and carries house refuse;
C) sealing temporary between, be used for depositing the temporary heap of described house refuse body by the transport vehicle unloading temporarily, described have Water curtain wall and described extraneous the isolation between temporary, block the house refuse peculiar smell and escape,
D) spray unit is used for spraying biological eliminating smell agent to eliminate peculiar smell to the temporary heap of house refuse body, guarantees 24 hours no mosquitos and flies;
E) negative pressure device and connect its biofilter and purifying column is used for gas between temporary is imported the biofilter, enters purifying column at last and handles;
F) first collector unit is used for the collection that house refuse is oozed drop liquid;
(2) domestic waste sorting device
A) rubbish loading machine is used for shifting the temporary heap of described house refuse body onto chain and pan conveyor;
B) single-deck vibrating screen, it receives the temporary heap of house refuse body of chain and pan conveyor transportation, its sieve diameter is 90mm, the preliminary screening of the different house refuse of jumping height when being used to realize to shape, volume, proportion with motion collision, form obviously material bed,
And the rotary letter sorting platform of manipulator, from be delivered to this platform material bed, sort out big part combustible material and directly enter between pyrolytic gasification, collect and sub-elect heavy density brick and tile stone and be used for landfill, and collect time heavy density glass and be used to wash the back and recycle;
C) bag-breaking machine is used for broken bag device b) rest materials that obtains after the sorting,
Be connected in first magnetic plant behind the bag-breaking machine, be used for adsorbing the metal of the material after the broken bag, obtain reclaiming thereby sub-elect part metals;
D) one-level rotary screen, its screen size is 100mm, is used to sieve the material after the broken bag, obtains particle diameter greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm and the particle diameter one-level screenings less than 100mm;
E1) second magnetic plant is used for sub-electing metal from above-mentioned gained particle diameter greater than the one-level oversize of 100mm,
Be connected in the winnowing machine behind second magnetic plant, be used for the mixture that selection by winnowing goes out to comprise light plastic, paper, cloth and leaf, rest materials is used for landfill;
Be connected in the rinsing machine behind the winnowing machine, be used for from described mixture through sub-electing light plastic, rest materials enters between pyrolytic gasification;
E2) the 3rd magnetic plant gained particle diameter enters less than the one-level screenings of 100mm, and the 3rd magnetic plant magneticly elects metal and battery,
Be connected in the secondary rotary screen behind the 3rd magnetic plant, its screen size is 10mm, be used to sieve the rest materials after the 3rd magnetic plant magnetic separation, obtain particle diameter between 10mm-100mm the secondary oversize and particle diameter less than the secondary screenings of 10mm, gained is used for landfill less than the secondary screenings of 10mm;
F) disintegrating machine is used for the secondary oversize of broken gained particle diameter between 10mm-100mm,
Transitional storehouse is used to deposit the material after the fragmentation;
(3) plastic granulating device
Cleaning unit is used for cleaning the e1 by device (2)) light plastic of institute's sorting,
Be connected in drying unit, reducing mechanism and prilling granulator behind the cleaning unit successively, be used to dry, pulverize and the light plastic of granulation after cleaning;
(4) wet separating and the prebake device
Wet separate reaction unit, be used for the f of bogey (2)) the broken thing of gained, sealing is wet separates 1 hour, and the reaction condition adjusting is provided; It comprises
The application of sample unit is used for the f to device (2)) adding chemical hydrolysis catalyst in the broken thing of gained,
The measurement and control of temperature unit is used for temperature is controlled under 150-200 ℃,
The pressure testing and controlling unit is used for vapours is remained between the 1.0-1.5Mpa, and
The extrusion dehydration unit is used for wet hydrolysis products extrusion drainage 1 hour;
Heat exchange unit is used for the wet hydrolysis products of gained and water and steam heat exchange;
Being connected in the wet extrusion dehydration equipment of separating behind the reaction unit, wet hydrolysis products extrusion dehydration to the water content that is used for being expelled under the condition with near ambient temperature, normal pressure after the heat exchange of this equipment reduces to 20%;
Be connected in the materials crusher behind the extrusion dehydration equipment, be used for the agglomerating material of extruding is pulverized;
Be connected in the wet boiler of separating reaction unit, be used to provide vapours to the wet reaction unit of separating, the flue gas that boiler produces carries out prebake through bag-type dust to the product after extrusion dehydration and the fragmentation in the prebake unit;
Second collector unit is used for collecting liquid, the liquid of extrusion dehydration equipment discharge and the liquid that the prebake process is discharged that the described wet process of separating is discharged, and it is connected in described wet separate reaction unit, extrusion dehydration equipment and prebake unit;
Be connected in the heavy metal extraction equipment of second collector unit, be used to remove heavy metal, obtaining light density water and heavy density water, described light density water is with the high activity oxygen enrichment family water treatment of molecular state dissolved oxygen value and active chalcogen oxygen molecule density over-saturation value,
Be connected in the 3rd collector unit of heavy metal extraction equipment, be used to collect heavy density water;
(5) regrading device
The cylinder dryer is used for further drying to water content from device (4) prebake gained material and reduces to below 10%,
Be connected in the two-stage rotary screen behind the cylinder dryer, its screen size is respectively 1.0mm and 10mm, is used for once sieving drying to water content reducing to material below 10%, and the gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm; The gained particle diameter is used for landfill greater than the oversize of 10mm; Be used for going into to sieve described two-stage rotary screen once more; Wherein secondary gained particle diameter directly enters the composting intermediate bin less than the screenings of 1.0mm, and gained particle diameter thing in the sieve of 1.0mm-10mm is used for landfill;
Be connected in the cooling cylinder of two-stage rotary screen, be used for cooling off the sieve thing of gained particle diameter at 1.0mm-10mm;
The composting intermediate bin, be used for carrying once screening gained particle diameter greater than the oversize of 10mm and be used for carrying once more screening gained particle diameter less than 1.0mm;
(6) composting device
The sampling Detection unit is used for the composition of sampling Detection composting intermediate bin material,
Mixing device is used for according to testing result extra-nutrition additive, and mixes material and nourishing additive agent in the described composting intermediate bin,
Be connected in the composting pulverizer behind the mixing device, be used to pulverize described mixture;
Be connected in the rotary drum granulator of composting pulverizer, the heavy density water that is used for mixture jetting device (4) collection after pulverizing is finished granulation;
(7) device of preparation garbage derivatived fuel
Destructive distillation device, be used for will device (2) b) and e1) material that enters between pyrolytic gasification of gained produce contaminated product and combustion gas.
CN2009100874194A 2009-06-24 2009-06-24 Harmless and recycling real-time treatment method and system for household garbage Expired - Fee Related CN101612630B (en)

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