CN106439833A - High-temperature oxidation treatment system for household garbage obtained after destructive distillation gasification and application method of high-temperature oxidization treatment system - Google Patents

High-temperature oxidation treatment system for household garbage obtained after destructive distillation gasification and application method of high-temperature oxidization treatment system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106439833A
CN106439833A CN201611055964.1A CN201611055964A CN106439833A CN 106439833 A CN106439833 A CN 106439833A CN 201611055964 A CN201611055964 A CN 201611055964A CN 106439833 A CN106439833 A CN 106439833A
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flue gas
rubbish
temperature
house refuse
percolate
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CN106439833B (en
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吴云
成知
成一知
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Hunan New World Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Hunan New World Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/40—Acidic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/58—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B01D53/85—Biological processes with gas-solid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/95—Specific microorganisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B01D2258/0291—Flue gases from waste incineration plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature oxidation treatment system for household garbage obtained after destructive distillation gasification and an application method of the high-temperature oxidization treatment system. A destructive distillation gasification furnace is connected with a secondary combustion chamber. The secondary combustion chamber is connected with a percolate evaporation concentrator. The percolate evaporation concentrator is connected with a smoke reaction tower. The smoke reaction tower is connected with a high-temperature smoke purifier. An activated carbon bin, a slaked lime bin and a denitrification reaction agent bin are connected with a smoke reaction tower through pipelines. The high-temperature smoke purifier is connected with an indirect heating water remover. The indirect heating water remover is connected with an induced draft fan and a chimney in series. Smelly gases in a garbage curing water removing bin, the percolate evaporation concentrator and an indirect heating desiccation device are connected with a biomass filler deodorizer through pipelines. The biomass filler deodorizer and a plasma deodorizer are connected in series and directly lead to a discharging chimney. According to the high-temperature oxidation treatment system for household garbage obtained after destructive distillation gasification and the application method of the high-temperature oxidization treatment system, the problems that household garbage is high in water content, low in heat value and large in ash slag component proportion are solved.

Description

The disposal system of high-temperature oxydation and its using method after house refuse destructive gasifying
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dry distilling minimizing of solid waste, harmlessness disposing system, more particularly to a kind of life rubbish The disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after rubbish destructive gasifying.The invention further relates to after the house refuse destructive gasifying high-temperature oxydation disposal The using method of system.
Background technology
The major technique that application of city life garbage centralized burning in the country's is processed at present generates electricity for fluidized combustion and grate furnace burns Burn and generate electricity, the application of wherein Incineration in CFB technique is many compared with grate furnace.As China's refuse classification work is also in relative In the relatively backward stage, there is the chloride rubbish such as more plastic containing chlorine in house refuse, and chloride rubbish is under oxygen-enriched state Burning easily produces more " dioxin " class materials, and " dioxin " class material belongs to strong carcinogen.Therefore current rubbish Incineration disposal project suffers from increasing conflict and protest from general public during project construction, operation.And And current consumer waste innocent incineration disposal, based on the centralized burning generating disposal of urbanization house refuse, grate furnace burns Firing technique and fluidized combustion technique have all reached the treating capacity of the thousands of ton day of single set system.But the rural area of vast rural area House refuse is excessively disperseed due to collecting, and cost of transportation is too high, and refuse thermal value low-water-content height, does not obtain always effectively Harmlessness disposing.And the harmlessness disposing demand of residents in rural community is more special：1. the calorific value of residents in rural community is low, aqueous Rate is high, lime-ash component ratio is big；2. the refuse production of rural area is little, receives fortune difficulty greatly, and odd-numbered day process demand is typically smaller than 100 tons；3. being difficult to set up high-quality specialized operation team carries out the operation maintenance of equipment, and complicated technology and equipment are difficult to To effective operation maintenance, the difficulty of maintenance service is big.
For background above, have part invention at present carries out the innoxious place of house refuse using the technique of dry-distillation incineration Put.But through the research to multiple patent technological processes, all there is various kinds in most technology paths, it is difficult to meet the above-mentioned back of the body The specific demand of the disposal of rural area consumer waste innocent under scape.Therefore present invention is specifically directed to the spy of agriculture house refuse Different demand, has carried out corresponding technological design.
Content of the invention
First technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one kind to solve moisture content height, calorific value in house refuse The disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after the house refuse destructive gasifying low, lime-ash component ratio is big.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention is the place of high-temperature oxydation after the offer house refuse destructive gasifying Put the using method of system.
In order to solve above-mentioned first technical problem, the place of high-temperature oxydation after the house refuse destructive gasifying that the present invention is provided System is put, including rubbish ripening drainage bin, percolate evaporation concentrator, indirectly heat drying device, carbonization gasified boiler, second-time burning Room, smoke reaction tower, high-temperature flue gas purification device, biologic packing material deodoriser and plasma deodoriser, described carbonization gasified boiler with Described secondary combustion chamber is connected, and described secondary combustion chamber is connected with described percolate evaporation concentrator, described diafiltration Liquid evaporation concentrator is connected with described smoke reaction tower, described smoke reaction tower and described high-temperature flue gas purification device phase Even, activated carbon storehouse, Sal Nitri ash silo are connected with described smoke reaction tower by pipeline with denitrification reaction agent storehouse, described high temperature cigarette Gas purifier is connected with described indirectly heat dehydrator, and described indirectly heat dehydrator is connected with air-introduced machine and chimney, institute The odorous gas in rubbish ripening drainage bin, percolate evaporation concentrator and indirectly heat drying device that states by pipeline with described The connection of biologic packing material deodoriser, described biologic packing material deodoriser connect with described plasma deodoriser and straight-through discharges cigarette Chimney.
Described carbonization gasified boiler is in parallel three groups.
The carbonization gasified boiler for upper and lower covers cylinder, body of heater for double-layer plate constitute jacket structured, in chuck For furnace wall circulating water for cooling.
Described rubbish ripening drainage bin is the environment of integrally closed, including storing space, the entrance in storing space Throwing grab bucket, closed light-transmitting double-layer glass-top layer, hot water radiator's system, leachate collection turn in the garbage sorting mechanism at place, rubbish System and odor collection system.
Described percolate evaporation concentrator is pump type heat vaporizer, the high-temperature flue gas for being obtained using dual firing chamber's high-temperature oxydation Carry out the evaporation and concentration of percolate.
Described indirectly heat drying device is the garbage dewatering device of jacket type structure, is the middle temperature after purification on the outside of chuck Flue gas, for needing to strengthen the house refuse of dehydration further on the inside of chuck.
Described secondary combustion chamber carries out placement layer by layer using high temperature resistant refractory material and low-density heat insulating refractory material.
Described smoke reaction tower carries out one-piece casting for cylindrical tower body, generally high temperature resistant, erosion-resisting castable.
Described high-temperature flue gas purification device is the high temperature resistant flue gas cleaner of many casees parallel-connection structure, and its core material is appendix The ceramic filter material of polynary noble metal catalyst.
Described biologic packing material deodoriser is micro- for carrier using plastic filler ring, wood flour, crushing straw, rice husk biomass Packed- bed reactor, microorganism therein is with biomass membrane as carrier.
Described plasma deodoriser is HVDC plasma integrated deodorization equipment.
In order to solve above-mentioned second technical problem, the place of high-temperature oxydation after the house refuse destructive gasifying that the present invention is provided The using method of system is put, is comprised the steps：
(1), garbage collecting and transferring car is by refuse-unloading to rubbish ripening drainage bin；House refuse is connect in rubbish ripening drainage bin By the heat energy that solar energy and gasification furnace jacket water (J.W.) bring, fermentation dehydration is carried out；During temporary, rubbish is carried out using garbage grab bucket Rubbish turns over throwing, and strengthening house refuse and air carries out the mass transfer of moisture, and is realizing the partially dehydrated of rubbish under self-gravity action； After rubbish ripening drainage bin temporary dehydration 5-7 days, house refuse can be realized being dehydrated the effect of 15%-30%；
(2), the rubbish in rubbish ripening drainage bin will produce percolate in dehydration, and percolate passes through pipeline Percolate evaporation concentrator is delivered to, and dehydration is evaporated using back segment high-temperature flue gas；After moisture removal in percolate, remaining Dope and sludge in the organic acid/alicyclic organic containing high concentration, with higher calorific value；This part dope/sludge is returned again Harmlessness disposing is carried out to mummification and distillation system；
(3), house refuse, dehydration percolate dope and sludge are entering destructive gasifying stokehold, enter indirectly heat mummification Device is further dehydrated；House refuse moisture content after dehydration will be less than 25%, and refuse thermal value will be greater than 1500kcal/ kg；
(4), the house refuse after indirectly heat drying and other treatment is delivered to the top of carbonization gasified boiler, warp by cast hopper Cover, by upper, the entrance carbonization gasified boiler that feeds intake, the loitering phase for entering before refuse disposal operation；In parallel real by multiple carbonization gasified boiler Destructive gasifying disposal is applied, treats that the carbonization gasified boiler in disposal stage completes to postpone at rubbish dry distilling therein, treat the dry of operation phase Evaporate gasification furnace and will switch into the operation phase；
(5), the rubbish carbonization gas that carbonization gasified boiler is produced are carried out at high-temperature oxydation by pipeline to secondary combustion chamber Reason；Rubbish carbonization gas tangentially enter secondary combustion chamber by flowing backwards pipeline, and flue gas will have higher turbulivity, coordinate 1.1- 1.3 excess air coefficient carries out the supply of auxiliary air, under hot environment of the dry distilling flue gas in secondary combustion chamber more than 850 DEG C After stopping more than 2 seconds, organic substance therein is fully oxidized destruction；
(6), the high-temperature flue gas of secondary combustion chamber are via pipeline to percolate evaporation concentrator, will wherein 450 DEG C with On flue gas enthalpy be released to percolate evaporation concentrator, make percolate realize dehydration concentration/mummification；
(7), the high-temperature flue gas after the heat exchange of percolate evaporation concentrator enter smoke reaction tower, and flue gas enters smoke reaction tower Afterwards, the flow velocity of flue gas will slow down, and the time of staying can lengthen；The flue gas of middle temperature and the tangential activity for entering in the smoke reaction tower Charcoal, slaked lime and denitrogenation reducing agent are sufficiently mixed；Acidic materials in flue gas are by slaked lime neutralization reaction, heavy metal substance It is tightly held by activated carbon, nitrogen oxides are sufficiently mixed with denitrogenation reducing agent；
(8), the flue gas of smoke reaction tower outlet is carried out fume cleaning by pipeline to high temperature flue gas cleaner；After reaction Slaked lime, activated carbon will be filtered out in the lump with particulate matter in flue gas in depurator；Nitrogen oxides in flue gas are in denitrogenation Elimination is reduced in the presence of reducing agent and catalyst；
(9), through the middle temperature flue gas of purified treatment, indirectly heat drying device is entered, as the heat that rubbish is dehydrated further Source；The flue gas of middle temperature will be rapidly reduced to 150 DEG C -200 DEG C in the indirectly heat drying device；
(10), the flue gas for completing rapid cooling by indirectly heat drying device finally carries out row up to standard via air-introduced machine and chimney Put.
Using disposal system and its using method of high-temperature oxydation after the house refuse destructive gasifying of technique scheme, rubbish Rubbish is received by dumper and is transported to destructor plant, via platform discharging of unloading to rubbish ripening drainage bin, in rubbish ripening drainage bin Interior temporary 5-7 days, the ripening dehydration of rubbish was completed in the presence of rubbish gravity and forced fermentation.The rubbish for producing in dehydration Rubbish percolate is delivered to percolate evaporation concentrator and is evaporated concentration/mummification, the foul gass conveying for producing in dehydration The high-temperature oxydation section for stench processing system or directly extracting to system carries out high-temperature oxydation elimination, the concentrated solution for producing after dehydration Indirectly heat drying device is delivered to sludge, is dehydrated with garbage curing further.Rubbish after ripening is delivered to indirectly heat and does Changing device carries out secondary hardening dehydration, and the garbage drying after second dehydration enters carbonization gasified boiler and carries out destructive gasifying process, dehydration During the odorous gas that produce be delivered to stench processing system or directly extract to the high-temperature oxydation section of system and carry out high temperature oxygen Change and eliminate.Rubbish after dehydration is disposably fed intake entrance carbonization gasified boiler by the furnace top cover that gasifies, and be layered in stove Dry distilling/carbonization, until after completing the ashing of rubbish and cooling down, disposably slag tap.The garbage cracking gas that carbonization gasified boiler is produced leads to Crossing flue and being delivered to secondary combustion chamber carries out high-temperature oxydation.Cracking gas stops in the environment of high temperature, high turbulence and control oxygen After staying the sufficiently long time, harmful substance all oxidized eliminations in cracking gas, and in cracking gas, the oxidation of harmful substance is put Heat energy maintains secondary combustion chamber to be continuously maintained under the ambient condition of high-temperature (1100 DEG C -850 DEG C).The high temperature of secondary combustion chamber Flue gas is extracted in percolate evaporation concentrator, and the used heat for making full use of in flue gas is carried for the work of percolate evaporation concentrator Heating load.The flue gas for completing heat exchange in percolate evaporation concentrator enters smoke reaction tower, and smoke reaction tower is simultaneously by basis The result of flue gas monitoring, carries out the interpolation of activated carbon, slaked lime and denitrification reaction agent as required, carries out in smoke reaction tower The reaction of harmful substances from flue gases is removed.After the stop reaction of smoke reaction tower, flue gas enters high-temperature flue gas purification device and enters Row gas cleaning, removes the particulate matter in flue gas, nitrogen oxides, has adsorbed the micro activated carbon particle of harmful substance, and catalytic decomposition The small organic molecule for remaining in flue gas.Middle temperature flue gas after gas cleaning is processed enters indirectly heat drying device for garbage dewatering Thermal source is provided, makes full use of the energy in flue gas.Gas cleaning process and energy be fully utilized after flue gas via air-introduced machine With smoke stack emission to system external environment.The foul gass for producing in system operation will be processed via two sets of systems, work as rubbish When dry distilling processes normal operation, foul gass are directly drawn into secondary combustion chamber and are carried out high-temperature oxydation, when rubbish dry distilling is processed When system is in stopped status, foul gass will be extracted to biologic packing material deodoriser and carry out stink elimination, before odorous gas are discharged, If failing to reach discharge standard through on-line monitoring monitoring of equipment, entrance plasma gas purifier carries out secondary Purify.
The present invention is had the beneficial effect that with the contrast of Other Waste incineration disposal method：
1st, the garbage treating process of high-temperature oxydation is carried out after destructive gasifying, can be reduced in the anoxybiotic environment of rubbish dry distilling link The generation of " dioxin " and discharge in rubbish heat treatment process.
2nd, destructive gasifying technique belongs to the static bed process of rubbish, is different from the dynamic bed of grate furnace and fluid bed, has The advantage that flying dust yield is greatly reduced.And flying dust is than larger specific surface area, and heavy metal element therein can generally rise The effect of catalyst is generated again to " dioxin ".
3rd, secondary combustion chamber is for direct burning of the high-temperature oxydation with respect to solid refuse for cracking flue gas, it is easier to carry out The control of oxygen demand and quantity delivered, excess air coefficient energy value is less, and garbage disposal exhaust gas volumn is less, and refuse thermal value is utilized More abundant.
4th, the technological process of the present invention has stronger adaptability for the house refuse of low in calories, high-moisture percentage, can be The dehydration of rubbish and the lifting of calorific value is completed in system.
5th, the present invention is relatively abundant to Btu utilization in house refuse, and multiple links make system to the utilization of fume waste heat Operation more stable.Few supplement using combustion-supporting fuel, the situation of rubbish abundance can be accomplished when component of refuse is stablized relatively The lower zero fuel that can even accomplish when continuously running is supplemented.
6th, the application of high-temperature flue gas treatment technology, the granular material discharged concentration for allowing in flue gas is lower, and possesses while denitration Ability with catalytic elimination " dioxin ".
7th, device structure is relatively easy, it is not necessary to which the high-quality personnel for configuring multiple major fields carry out the operation dimension of equipment Shield.
In sum, the present invention is a kind of to solve in house refuse that moisture content is high, calorific value is low, lime-ash component ratio is big The disposal system of high-temperature oxydation and its using method after house refuse destructive gasifying.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the house refuse destructive gasifying high-temperature oxydation disposal system of the present invention
Fig. 2 is gasification furnace switchover operation schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the house refuse destructive gasifying high-temperature oxydation disposal system of the present invention is as follows：
As shown in figure 1, the present invention provide house refuse destructive gasifying after high-temperature oxydation disposal system, ripe including rubbish Change drainage bin, percolate evaporation concentrator, indirectly heat drying device, carbonization gasified boiler, secondary combustion chamber, smoke reaction tower, height Warm flue gas cleaner, biologic packing material deodoriser and plasma deodoriser, carbonization gasified boiler is tri- groups of a, b, c in parallel, carbonization gas Change stove to be connected with secondary combustion chamber, secondary combustion chamber is connected with percolate evaporation concentrator, percolate evaporation concentrator and flue gas Reaction tower is connected, and smoke reaction tower is connected with high-temperature flue gas purification device, and activated carbon storehouse, Sal Nitri ash silo and denitrification reaction agent storehouse pass through Pipeline is connected with smoke reaction tower, and high-temperature flue gas purification device is connected with indirectly heat dehydrator, indirectly heat dehydrator and air inducing Machine and chimney series connection, the odorous gas in rubbish ripening drainage bin, percolate evaporation concentrator and indirectly heat drying device pass through Pipeline is connected with biologic packing material deodoriser, and biologic packing material deodoriser is connected with plasma deodoriser and leads directly to blowdown stack.
Rubbish ripening drainage bin is the environment of integrally closed, in addition to simple storing space is provided, also includes porch Throwing grab bucket, closed light-transmitting double-layer glass-top layer, hot water radiator's system, leachate collection system turn in garbage sorting mechanism, rubbish And odor collection system.Rubbish is discharged into rubbish ripening drainage bin by dumper, carries out rubbish machinery point via garbage sorting system Pick, remove the inorganic matters component of refuse such as metal therein, cinder, glass ceramics.The rubbish of organic composition is temporarily stored in storehouse and stores up Groove, shifts and the fermentation of itself through the throwing of turning over of grab bucket, and the part moisture in rubbish is removed, and realizes the reduction of msw water content The raising of calorific value.Garbage dewatering and fermentation required for heat in addition to a part comes from solar energy, carbonization gasified boiler water leg Interior recirculated water carries out heat release through hot water radiator's system, provides the part heat required for garbage dewatering fermentation while cooling Amount.
Percolate evaporation concentrator is pump type heat vaporizer, and the high-temperature flue gas for being obtained using secondary combustion chamber high-temperature oxydation are entered The evaporation and concentration of row percolate.High-temperature flue gas after heat exchange by 1100 DEG C -850 DEG C decreased sharply above to 450 DEG C or so, Enter gas cleaning link.Percolate is then concentrated into the dope of high heating value and sludge, goes forward side by side with the rubbish one for treating to be dehydrated further Entering indirectly heat drying device carries out further mummification dehydration.
Indirectly heat drying device is the garbage dewatering device of jacket type structure, is the middle temperature flue gas after purification on the outside of chuck, For needing to strengthen the house refuse of dehydration further on the inside of chuck.Flue gas does not do directly contact with rubbish, only by the gold of chuck Category Heat Conduction Material carries out energy exchange.House refuse in chuck is spinned linearly in the presence of throwing plate is turned over and turns over throwing, increases rubbish The dehydration mass-transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger effectiveness of rubbish and jacket for heat exchange plate and rubbish and air.Due to indirectly heat drying device interior-heat Power board has larger heat exchange area, and flue-gas temperature is larger with the temperature difference of rubbish to be drained off, in the environment of high flow rate, cigarette Temperature degree rapidly can be reduced between 150 DEG C -200 DEG C by 450 DEG C or so, shortened in harmful substance resynthesis optimum temperature section The time of staying.
Carbonization gasified boiler is the cylinder of upper and lower covers, body of heater be double-layer plate constitutes jacket structured, chuck is interior for stove Wall circulating water for cooling.The running status of carbonization gasified boiler is cycling service, after once feeding, at the rubbish in body of heater Reason is finished, and enters next work cycle after slagging tap.The upper lid of carbonization gasified boiler is refractory material one-piece casting, using lid Deadweight carry out the sealing of lid, when instantaneous pressure is excessive in stove, pressure release can be carried out by uncapping.The bottom of body of heater is screw rod Mechanical seal, is locked using special spanner after the completion of discharging.Cooling circulating water in carbonization gasified boiler chuck will be delivered to Rubbish ripening drainage bin carries out heat release, improves rubbish ripening dewatering efficiency.Single stove disposal amount of carbonization gasified boiler is relatively solid Fixed, when needing to increase treating capacity, solved by carbonization gasified boiler parallel connection quantity.
Secondary combustion chamber carries out placement layer by layer using high temperature resistant refractory material and low-density heat insulating refractory material.Destructive gasifying The flammable cracking gas of stove tangentially enters secondary combustion chamber, is rotationally advancing in secondary combustion chamber, increases flue gas in secondary combustion chamber While interior turbulivity, increase the time of staying of the smoke components under secondary combustion chamber hot environment.Secondary combustion chamber outlet is adopted Being closed up with cambered surface domes, allows radiations heat energy energy accumulating be formed in exit, strengthen the high temperature oxygen of secondary combustion chamber outlet Change intensity.
Smoke reaction tower carries out one-piece casting for cylindrical tower body, generally high temperature resistant, erosion-resisting castable.Due to cigarette Solid/liquid/gas reactions tower with diameter greater than flue, flue gas flow velocity after smoke reaction tower is entered can slow down.Activated carbon, slaked lime and de- Nitrogen reductant is entered by the pipeline orthogonal with smoke reaction tower to smoke reaction tower with flue gas in smoke reaction tower Row mixing/reaction.
High-temperature flue gas purification device is the high temperature resistant flue gas cleaner of many casees parallel-connection structure.It is polynary that its core material has been appendix The ceramic filter material of noble metal catalyst.Particulate matter in flue gas can be less than 5mg/m after ceramic filter3Mark Nitrogen oxides in standard, and ceramic material in the catalyst energy catalytic reducing smoke of appendix and including little point including " dioxin " Sub- material.In flue gas, the activated carbon for adding in smoke reaction tower and hydrated lime particle are filtered out in depurator, and ceramic filter material Surface forms cake layer, and reinforcing is reacted with the harmful substance in flue gas to the filter effect continuation simultaneously of flue gas.
Biologic packing material deodoriser is the microbe stuffing reactor using biomass such as wood flour, crushing straw, rice husks for carrier, Microorganism therein is with biomass membrane as carrier.Ammonia in odorous gas, hydrogen sulfide etc. can be absorbed in the vital movement of microorganism Stink substance.Odorous gas after biomass filtering layer and microorganism contact reach discharge standard.When climatic factor, impact is micro- When biological respinse activity and foul smell produce concentration, the work efficiency of biologic packing material deodoriser possibly cannot meet foul smell discharge Require, when on-line monitoring system monitors that foul smell discharge is difficult to meet standard requirement, automatic plasma is removed odour Carry out further stink elimination.
Plasma deodoriser is HVDC plasma integrated deodorization equipment.By direct current, high pressure, high frequency electric source electricity Corona, forms plasma filtering layer, when the stink substance in gas is through plasma, its point in the direction of gas passage Minor structure is thoroughly eliminated by plasma collapse, stink substance.
The user of the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after the house refuse destructive gasifying for providing referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention Method, step is as follows：(1), garbage collecting and transferring car is by refuse-unloading to rubbish ripening drainage bin；House refuse is in rubbish ripening drainage bin In receive the heat energy that solar energy and gasification furnace jacket water (J.W.) bring, carry out fermentation dehydration；During temporary, entered using garbage grab bucket Row rubbish turns over throwing, and strengthening house refuse and air carries out the mass transfer of moisture, and is realizing the part of rubbish under self-gravity action Dehydration；After rubbish ripening drainage bin temporary dehydration 5-7 days, house refuse can be realized being dehydrated the effect of 15%-30%；
(2), the rubbish in rubbish ripening drainage bin will produce percolate in dehydration, and percolate passes through pipeline Percolate evaporation concentrator is delivered to, and dehydration is evaporated using back segment high-temperature flue gas；After moisture removal in percolate, remaining Dope and sludge in the organic acid/alicyclic organic containing high concentration, with higher calorific value；This part dope/sludge is returned again Harmlessness disposing is carried out to mummification and distillation system；
(3), house refuse, dehydration percolate dope and sludge are entering destructive gasifying stokehold, enter indirectly heat mummification Device is further dehydrated；House refuse moisture content after dehydration will be less than 25%, and refuse thermal value will be greater than 1500kcal/ kg；
(4), the house refuse after indirectly heat drying and other treatment is delivered to the top of carbonization gasified boiler, warp by cast hopper Cover, by upper, the entrance carbonization gasified boiler that feeds intake, the loitering phase for entering before refuse disposal operation；In parallel real by multiple carbonization gasified boiler Destructive gasifying disposal is applied, treats that the carbonization gasified boiler in disposal stage completes to postpone at rubbish dry distilling therein, treat the dry of operation phase Evaporate gasification furnace and will switch into the operation phase；
(5), the rubbish carbonization gas that carbonization gasified boiler is produced are carried out at high-temperature oxydation by pipeline to secondary combustion chamber Reason；Rubbish carbonization gas tangentially enter secondary combustion chamber by flowing backwards pipeline, and flue gas will have higher turbulivity, coordinate 1.1- 1.3 excess air coefficient carries out the supply of auxiliary air, under hot environment of the dry distilling flue gas in secondary combustion chamber more than 850 DEG C After stopping more than 2 seconds, organic substance therein is fully oxidized destruction；
(6), the high-temperature flue gas of secondary combustion chamber are via pipeline to percolate evaporation concentrator, will wherein 450 DEG C with On flue gas enthalpy be released to percolate evaporation concentrator, make percolate realize dehydration concentration/mummification；
(7), the high-temperature flue gas after the heat exchange of percolate evaporation concentrator enter smoke reaction tower, and flue gas enters smoke reaction tower Afterwards, the flow velocity of flue gas will slow down, and the time of staying can lengthen；The flue gas of middle temperature and the tangential activity for entering in the smoke reaction tower Charcoal, slaked lime and denitrogenation reducing agent are sufficiently mixed；Acidic materials in flue gas are by slaked lime neutralization reaction, heavy metal substance It is tightly held by activated carbon, nitrogen oxides are sufficiently mixed with denitrogenation reducing agent；
(8), the flue gas of smoke reaction tower outlet is carried out fume cleaning by pipeline to high temperature flue gas cleaner；After reaction Slaked lime, activated carbon will be filtered out in the lump with particulate matter in flue gas in depurator；Nitrogen oxides in flue gas are in denitrogenation Elimination is reduced in the presence of reducing agent and catalyst；
(9), through the middle temperature flue gas of purified treatment, indirectly heat drying device is entered, as the heat that rubbish is dehydrated further Source；The flue gas of middle temperature will be rapidly reduced to 150 DEG C -200 DEG C in the indirectly heat drying device；
(10), the flue gas for completing rapid cooling by indirectly heat drying device finally carries out row up to standard via air-introduced machine and chimney Put.
Rubbish ripening drainage bin, concentration evaporator and indirectly heat drying device, will be with products used as the link of garbage dewatering The corresponding odorous gas of life, odorous gas are extracted to biologic packing material deodoriser by pipeline and blower fan.Odorous gas are by life During thing filler deodoriser, the odorous gas such as hydrogen sulfide therein and ammonia will be filled in microbial activitiess absorbed.Through life Gas after thing filler deodoriser is processed will pass through the real-time analysis of on-line monitoring system, the gas for reaching discharge standard is passed through Chimney is directly discharged, because the external environment condition such as climate change causes to fail the gas for reaching discharge standard, will be removed by plasma After the process of smelly device, then discharged.

Claims (10)

1. after a kind of house refuse destructive gasifying high-temperature oxydation disposal system, it is characterized in that：Including rubbish ripening drainage bin, ooze Filtrate evaporation concentrator, indirectly heat drying device, carbonization gasified boiler, secondary combustion chamber, smoke reaction tower, high-temperature flue gas purification Device, biologic packing material deodoriser and plasma deodoriser, described carbonization gasified boiler is connected with described secondary combustion chamber, described Secondary combustion chamber is connected with described percolate evaporation concentrator, described percolate evaporation concentrator and described smoke reaction Tower is connected, and described smoke reaction tower is connected with described high-temperature flue gas purification device, activated carbon storehouse, Sal Nitri ash silo and denitrification reaction Agent storehouse is connected with described smoke reaction tower by pipeline, described high-temperature flue gas purification device and described indirectly heat dehydrator It is connected, described indirectly heat dehydrator is connected with air-introduced machine and chimney, described rubbish ripening drainage bin, percolate evaporation are dense Odorous gas in contracting device and indirectly heat drying device are connected with described biologic packing material deodoriser by pipeline, described biology Filler deodoriser is connected and leads directly to blowdown stack with described plasma deodoriser.
2. after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 high-temperature oxydation disposal system, it is characterized in that：Described Carbonization gasified boiler is run stage by stage for the parallel connection of 2-4 group.
3. after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 and 2 high-temperature oxydation disposal system, it is characterized in that：Institute State cylinder of the carbonization gasified boiler for upper and lower covers, body of heater be double-layer plate constitutes jacket structured, it is furnace wall cooling that chuck is interior With softening recirculated water.
4. after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 and 2 high-temperature oxydation disposal system, it is characterized in that：Institute The rubbish ripening drainage bin that states is the environment of integrally closed, and the rubbish including storing space, the porch for being in storing space divides Pick mechanism, rubbish and turn over throwing grab bucket, closed light-transmitting double-layer glass-top layer, hot water radiator's system, leachate collection system and foul smell Collection system.
5. after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 and 2 high-temperature oxydation disposal system, it is characterized in that：Institute The percolate evaporation concentrator that states is pump type heat vaporizer, and the high-temperature flue gas for being obtained using dual firing chamber's high-temperature oxydation carry out percolate Evaporation and concentration.
6. after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 and 2 high-temperature oxydation disposal system, it is characterized in that：Institute The indirectly heat drying device that states is the garbage dewatering device of jacket type structure, is the middle temperature flue gas after purification, chuck on the outside of chuck Inner side is the house refuse for needing to strengthen further dehydration.
7. after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 and 2 high-temperature oxydation disposal system, it is characterized in that：Institute The secondary combustion chamber that states carries out placement layer by layer using high temperature resistant refractory material and low-density heat insulating refractory material, and flue gas tangentially enters Enter secondary combustion chamber.
8. after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 and 2 high-temperature oxydation disposal system, it is characterized in that：Institute The smoke reaction tower that states carries out one-piece casting for cylindrical tower body, generally high temperature resistant, erosion-resisting castable.
9. after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 and 2 high-temperature oxydation disposal system, it is characterized in that：Institute The high-temperature flue gas purification device that states is the high temperature resistant flue gas cleaner of many casees parallel-connection structure, and its core material is appendix your gold polynary The ceramic filter material of metal catalyst；Described biologic packing material deodoriser be using plastic filler ring, wood flour, crushing straw, rice husk Biomass are the microbe stuffing reactor of carrier, and microorganism therein is with biomass membrane as carrier；Described plasma deodorization Device is HVDC plasma integrated deodorization equipment.
10. usage right require 1 described in house refuse destructive gasifying after high-temperature oxydation disposal system method, at its batch Reason：Comprise the steps：
(1), garbage collecting and transferring car is by refuse-unloading to rubbish ripening drainage bin；House refuse receives too in rubbish ripening drainage bin The heat energy that sun can be brought with gasification furnace jacket water (J.W.), carries out fermentation dehydration；During temporary, rubbish is carried out using garbage grab bucket and turn over Throw, strengthening house refuse and air carries out the mass transfer of moisture, and is realizing the partially dehydrated of rubbish under self-gravity action；Rubbish After ripening drainage bin temporary dehydration 5-7 days, house refuse can be realized being dehydrated the effect of 15%-30%；
(2), the rubbish in rubbish ripening drainage bin will produce percolate in dehydration, and percolate passes through pipeline To percolate evaporation concentrator, dehydration is evaporated using back segment high-temperature flue gas；After moisture removal in percolate, remaining dense Organic acid/alicyclic organic containing high concentration in liquid and sludge, with higher calorific value；This part dope/sludge comes back to dry Change and distillation system carries out harmlessness disposing；
(3), house refuse, dehydration percolate dope and sludge are entering destructive gasifying stokehold, enter indirectly heat drying device and enter Row is further to be dehydrated；House refuse moisture content after dehydration will be less than 25%, and refuse thermal value will be greater than 1500kcal/kg；
(4), the house refuse after indirectly heat drying and other treatment is delivered to the top of carbonization gasified boiler by cast hopper, via upper The entrance carbonization gasified boiler that feeds intake is covered, the loitering phase for entering before refuse disposal operation；Implement to do by multiple carbonization gasified boiler are in parallel Evaporate gasification to dispose, treat that the carbonization gasified boiler in disposal stage completes to postpone at rubbish dry distilling therein, treat the carbonization gas of operation phase Change stove and will switch into the operation phase；
(5), the rubbish carbonization gas that carbonization gasified boiler is produced carry out high temperature oxidation process by pipeline to secondary combustion chamber；Rubbish Rubbish carbonization gas tangentially enter secondary combustion chamber by conduction pipe, and flue gas will have higher turbulivity, coordinate the mistake of 1.1-1.3 Surplus air coefficient carries out the supply of auxiliary air, stops super under hot environment of the dry distilling flue gas in secondary combustion chamber more than 850 DEG C After spending 2 seconds, organic substance therein is fully oxidized destruction；
(6), the high-temperature flue gas of secondary combustion chamber are via pipeline to percolate evaporation concentrator, by wherein more than 450 DEG C Flue gas enthalpy is released to percolate evaporation concentrator, makes percolate realize dehydration concentration/mummification；
(7), the high-temperature flue gas after the heat exchange of percolate evaporation concentrator enter smoke reaction tower, after flue gas enters smoke reaction tower, The flow velocity of flue gas will slow down, and the time of staying can lengthen；In the smoke reaction tower flue gas of middle temperature and the tangential activated carbon for entering, disappear Calx and denitrogenation reducing agent are sufficiently mixed；Acidic materials in flue gas are lived by slaked lime neutralization reaction, heavy metal substance Property charcoal absorption, nitrogen oxides are sufficiently mixed with denitrogenation reducing agent；
(8), the flue gas of smoke reaction tower outlet is carried out fume cleaning by pipeline to high temperature flue gas cleaner；Reacted disappear Calx, activated carbon will be filtered out in the lump with particulate matter in flue gas in depurator；Nitrogen oxides in flue gas are reduced in denitrogenation Elimination is reduced in the presence of agent and catalyst；
(9), through the middle temperature flue gas of purified treatment, indirectly heat drying device is entered, as the thermal source that rubbish is dehydrated further；? In indirectly heat drying device, the flue gas of middle temperature will be rapidly reduced to 150 DEG C -200 DEG C；
(10), the flue gas for completing rapid cooling by indirectly heat drying device finally carries out qualified discharge via air-introduced machine and chimney.
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