CN105737163A - Household garbage internal circulation sealed low-temperature pyrolysis system and method based on decoupling combustion - Google Patents
Household garbage internal circulation sealed low-temperature pyrolysis system and method based on decoupling combustion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a household garbage internal circulation sealed low-temperature pyrolysis system based on decoupling combustion. A pyrolysis section comprises a drying drum and a pyrolysis drum. A scrubbing section comprises two stages of scrubber towers. A heat recovery section comprises a smoke and pyrolyzed gas waste heat recovery device. Household garbage is sent into the drying drum to be dried firstly and then sent into the pyrolysis drum to be pyrolyzed, so that pyrolysis gas and carbon residues are generated. The drying and pyrolysis process is divided into a starting stage and a normal operation stage. During the starting stage, air and gas output by a gas storage device are mixed, pass through a combustor of the drying drum and a combustor of the pyrolysis drum and burn in a cavity of the drying drum and a cavity of the pyrolysis drum correspondingly to supply heat, and accordingly high-temperature smoke is generated. During the normal operation stage, the high-temperature smoke in the cavity of the pyrolysis drum is sent into the cavity of the drying drum to be subjected to heat exchange and drying, and the combustor of the drying drum becomes an auxiliary heat source. The pyrolyzed gas sequentially enters the first stage of scrubber tower and the second stage of scrubber tower to be purified. According to the household garbage internal circulation sealed low-temperature pyrolysis system based on decoupling combustion, waste heat is sufficiently utilized to generate high-temperature steam, the smoke is exhausted after being cooled and purified, the generation of dioxin is effectively controlled, and resource recovery, reduction and low carbon of the household garbage are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to domestic garbage was harmlessly treated and resource recycling utilizes technology, particularly belong to a kind of closed low temperature pyrogenation system and method for the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning.
Background technology
Now, China produces to exceed the domestic waste of 200,000,000 tons every year, and the annual rate of growth of rubbish has reached more than 10%.In recent years, although the process of China's domestic waste achieves certain effect, but overall capacity is also substantially not enough, the growth rate of garbage disposal ability substantially lags behind the growth rate of refuse production, a large amount of domestic wastes cannot be processed in time and are piled up in countryside, having occupied large area soil, urban is faced with the threat of " garbage-surrounded city ".
At present, in China or even world wide, widely used Treatment Way of Municipal Refuse in City mainly has landfill, burning, three kinds of compost, and wherein landfill is the major way that China processes domestic waste, and garbage treatment quantity constitutes about the 80% of rubbish total amount.But, the shortcoming such as the methane gas aggravation greenhouse effect that the processing mode of landfill exists that land occupation resource is big, leachate contamination, fermentation produce.Then there is the problems such as floor space is big, conversion process time length, state are difficult to stably, product quality is wayward in the processing mode of compost, simultaneously, the rubbish of China's compost treatment essentially composting, not past strict classification, therefore composting process is mixed into unavoidably a large amount of such as poisonous and harmful substances such as heavy metals, add the methane isothermal chamber gas uncontrollable discharge of generation, very easily surrounding enviroment are caused severe contamination.In above-mentioned three kinds of modes, burning method is the processing mode that garbage decrement effect is best, rubbish volume reduction 85%, loss of weight more than 75% can be made, but burn away the refuse and there is the hidden danger of contaminated environment, especially two English burning generation have irreversible " three cause " toxicity, health is had great harm, has become the most noticeable problem at present.In addition, the burning disposal of rubbish there is also some restrictions:
(1) domestic waste of China substantially mixed collection, complicated component, and burn the minimum calorific value generally requiring rubbish at 3360kJ kg-1Above, it is accomplished by when the calorific value of rubbish is too low adding fuel with auxiliary combustion, so will result in the increase of operating cost, current China is except the more flourishing city of minority economy, the separate waste collection in other city is not yet generally carried out, therefore mixed consumer waste calorific value is all relatively low, is not suitable for burning；
(2) investment of burning disposal equipment and operating cost are all higher, and mostly what the garbage incinerating power plant that China builds early stage was introduced is foreign technology and equipment, and investment cost is expensive；Recently as introducing equipment production domesticization and technological self-innovation, domestic technology and equipment develop to some extent and apply, though the investment of incineration plant unit decreases, but for the general area of ability to shoulder economically, the investment of burning disposal and operating cost are still high.
For burning method, now more advanced pyrolytic technique is the decomposition reaction carried out under the reproducibility environment of anaerobic or anoxia, not only there is the minimizing feature the same with burning method, and the secondary pollution emission of substance of its generation is less, therefore has good application prospect.Additionally, the form that the utility in refuse is converted into gaseous state (combustion gas) or liquid (tar) by pyrolytic technique is utilized respectively, these gaseous states and liquid fuel are higher than the direct efficiency of combustion of solid waste, pollute lower.At present, domestic had certain research to refuse pyrolysis treatment technology, if publication number is CN103242134A, name is called the patent of invention of " one way of life refuse pyrolysis gasification purification method ", the method disclosed in the patent is to introduce oxygen under 900 DEG C of hot conditionss to carry out burning cracking reaction, the fuel gas synthesis industrial chemicals that comprehensive utilization refuse pyrolysis produces, realize the resource of house refuse, but the complicated component due to house refuse, the combustible gas component of its pyrolysis generation and ratio also relative complex thereof, therefore this adds difficulty for synthesis industrial chemicals, and in high temperature aerobic situation, process rubbish, its follow-up purification process costs is higher, exhaust emissions amount is also bigger.Such as publication number is CN102660306A again, name is called the patent of invention of " reversely flow back towards and turn domestic garbage pyrolysis retort system and garbage treating process ", this patent technique is to carry out pyrolytic reaction under 400 DEG C of oxygen free conditions, utilize pyrolysis gas burning supplemental heat source, realize minimizing and the resource of rubbish, but house refuse is not dried pretreatment by this technique, but the mode that employing pyrolysis limit, limit dries, this can increase the energy consumption of system and reduce treatment effeciency, after substantial amounts of flue gas cool-down process simultaneously, directly atmospheric environment also can be affected by discharge, particularly by the society of haze puzzlement, the subsequent treatment of flue gas can not be ignored.Therefore, for the problem that existing patented technology and application thereof presently, there are, further investigation processes technique with improving refuse pyrolysis, reduce the generation of secondary pollution emission of substance, reduces vent gas treatment difficulty further, has important Science & Society's economic implications.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of closed low temperature pyrogenation system and method for the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning, the generation of secondary pollution emission of substance can be reduced, reduce vent gas treatment difficulty, product, reduction energy consumption and the raising treatment effeciency that the system that simultaneously makes full use of produces.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the closed low temperature pyrogenation system of house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning provided by the invention, including pyrolysis section, gas washing section and heat-recovery section, wherein pyrolysis section includes drying drum and pyrolysis drum, gas washing section includes one-level aeration tower, two grades of aeration towers and Sedimentation tank, and heat-recovery section includes flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus and pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device；
Described drying drum includes rotating cylinder, drying drum urceolus and drying drum burner in dry batcher, drying drum；The entrance of described dry batcher is connected with feeding device by connecting gear, and the outlet of dry batcher connects with rotating cylinder in drying drum；In described drying drum, rotating cylinder and drying drum urceolus are for sealing structure and being formed with therebetween cavity；In described drying drum, the rear end of rotating cylinder is provided with moisture outlet and composting outlet, this moisture outlet and sewage-treatment plant connection；Described drying drum urceolus is provided with the gas access and exhanst gas outlet that connect with drying drum cavity；On the lateral wall that described drying drum burner is arranged in drying drum rotating cylinder；
Described pyrolysis drum includes rotating cylinder in pyrolysis batcher, pyrolysis drum, pyrolysis drum urceolus, pyrolysis drum burner and gas-solid separator；The entrance of described pyrolysis batcher is connected with the composting outlet of rotating cylinder in drying drum by connecting gear, and the outlet of pyrolysis batcher connects with rotating cylinder in pyrolysis drum；In described pyrolysis drum, rotating cylinder and pyrolysis drum urceolus are for sealing structure and being formed with therebetween cavity；Described pyrolysis drum urceolus is provided with the gas access and exhanst gas outlet that connect with pyrolysis drum cavity, and this exhanst gas outlet connects with the gas access on drying drum urceolus, and gas access enters for the combustion gas in air and a combustion gas memorizer；Described pyrolysis drum burner is arranged in pyrolysis drum on the lateral wall of rotating cylinder, and described gas-solid separator connects with the rear end of rotating cylinder in pyrolysis drum, and it has pyrolysis gas outlet and breeze outlet, and the outlet of this breeze is connected with a breeze collection device；
Described one-level aeration tower and two grades of aeration towers are respectively provided with gas access, gas outlet and liquid storage tank, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the gas access of one-level aeration tower and gas-solid separator, the gas access of two grades of aeration towers connects with the gas outlet of one-level aeration tower, the gas outlet of two grades of aeration towers connects with combustion gas memorizer, and in the liquid storage tank of one-level aeration tower and two grades of aeration towers, liquid enters Sedimentation tank precipitation；
Flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus has high-temperature flue gas entry, low-temperature flue gas exports, cryogenic media entrance and high-temperature medium outlet, pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device includes recirculated water entrance, circulating water outlet, cryogenic media entrance and high-temperature medium outlet, the high-temperature flue gas entry of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus connects with the exhanst gas outlet on drying drum urceolus, low-temperature flue gas outlet and atmosphere, the outlet connection of the recirculated water entrance of pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device and two grades of aeration towers, the gas access connection of circulating water outlet and two grades of aeration towers, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus all connects with the bottom outlet of a high-temperature steam memorizer with the cryogenic media entrance of pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus exports with the high-temperature medium of pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device and all connects with the steam inlet of high-temperature steam memorizer.
Further, the outer surface of described drying drum urceolus and the outer surface of pyrolysis drum urceolus are all covered with aluminium silicate heat-insulation layer or the rock wool heat-preservation layer of 80-120mm.
Further, described pyrolysis section also includes a squeezing dehydration device of being located between feeding device and drying drum.Preferably, described squeezing dehydration device includes disintegrating machine and extruder, the entrance of disintegrating machine is connected with feeding device by connecting gear, and the outlet of disintegrating machine is connected with the entrance of extruder by connecting gear, and the outlet of extruder is connected by the entrance of connecting gear with dry batcher.
Wherein, described dry batcher and pyrolysis batcher are spiral batcher.
Further, described pyrolysis drum burner is evenly distributed on the lateral wall of the pyrolysis drum rotating cylinder being positioned at pyrolysis drum urceolus.
Further, described gas washing section also includes the cyclone dust collector before being positioned at one-level aeration tower, the entrance of this cyclone dust collector and the pyrolysis gas outlet of gas-solid separator in pyrolysis section, and outlet connects with the gas access of one-level aeration tower.
Wherein, described one-level aeration tower adopts quenching, equipped with dynamic wave scrubber in two grades of aeration towers.
Wherein, described flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus and pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device are heat-pipe heat exchanger.
Further, the inwall of described drying drum urceolus is provided with the helicitic texture guiding flue gas.
The present invention also provides for a kind of closed low temperature pyrogenation method of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning, including:
1) the interior rotating cylinder that house refuse is sent into drying drum is dried process, the most of moisture of house refuse is expelled to sewage-treatment plant, wherein baking temperature controls, at 120 DEG C 200 DEG C, to control drying time at 0.5h-1h, and the rotating speed of interior rotating cylinder controls at 4-8rpm；
The interior rotating cylinder that dried house refuse is sent into pyrolysis drum carries out pyrolysis processing, generates pyrolysis gas and breeze, and wherein pyrolysis temperature controls at 400 DEG C 600 DEG C, and pyrolysis time controls at 0.5h-1h, and interior rotating cylinder rotating speed controls at 4-8rpm；
The startup stage that the dried of house refuse and pyrolysis processing being divided into and the normal operation stage；
Startup stage, air and combustion gas memorizer output combustion gas mixing after by drying drum burner and pyrolysis drum burner respectively drying drum cavity and pyrolysis drum cavity in combustion heat supplying produce high-temperature flue gas；
Startup stage, completes to enter after the normal operation stage, high-temperature flue gas in pyrolysis drum cavity is delivered in drying drum cavity the house refuse in rotating cylinder in drying drum is carried out heat exchange dries, drying drum burner switches to auxiliary thermal source, continue through pyrolysis drum burner combustion heat supplying in pyrolysis drum cavity after the combustion gas mixing of air and the output of combustion gas memorizer and produce high-temperature flue gas, the water flowed out through the flue gas of heat exchange and high-temperature steam memorizer bottom in drying drum cavity enters in flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus and carries out heat exchange, the water that high-temperature steam memorizer bottom is flowed out absorbs the heat of flue gas and is formed in high-temperature steam entrance high-temperature steam memorizer, fume afterheat is discharged after being absorbed；
2) pyrolysis gas being sent into gas washing section, pass sequentially through one-level aeration tower and two grades of aeration towers carry out purified treatment, the pyrolysis gas after washing enters combustion gas memorizer；
The water that the high temperature circulation water of two grades of aeration towers and high-temperature steam memorizer bottom are flowed out enters in pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device and carries out heat exchange, the water that high-temperature steam memorizer bottom is flowed out absorbs the heat of the high temperature circulation water of two grades of aeration towers and is formed in high-temperature steam entrance high-temperature steam memorizer, and the high temperature circulation water of two grades of aeration towers discharges waste heat and loops back two grades of aeration towers.
It is also preferred that the left before house refuse entrance drying drum, first carry out machine cuts in disintegrating machine, then carry out dehydration in extruder.
It is also preferred that the left before pyrolysis gas entrance one-level aeration tower, first carry out dust removal process in cyclone dust collector.
Wherein, pyrolysis gas is carried out alkalescence cold water spray by described one-level aeration tower, and the pyrolysis gas that one-level aeration tower is exported by two grades of aeration towers carries out dynamic wave scrubbing.
The invention have benefit that:
1) low temperature pyrogenation technology is adopted, house refuse is without special sorting, system waste heat is utilized just to enter pyrolysis drum after rubbish is dried pretreatment, make pyrolysis processing capacity boost 50%, drying drum and pyrolysis drum outside employing insulation material simultaneously, effectively reduce heat waste, energy efficient, control heat waste within 30%；
2) within clean pyrolysis gas the mode of circulating and recovering burning for startup stage drying drum burner and pyrolysis drum burner and the pyrolysis in normal operation stage drum burner combustion medium is provided, multiple burner is arranged outside rotating cylinder in the drum of pyrolysis simultaneously, rotating cylinder in pyrolysis drum can be made to be heated evenly, and pyrolysis is abundant；
3) gas washing section adopts step to purify technique, sequentially pass through two-stage aeration tower, akaline liquid spray and dynamic wave scrubber is adopted to remove the tar in pyrolysis gas and dust, simultaneously flue gas processed by cooling, purifying after outer venting except causing the chloride of dioxin, finally make tar content lower than 1.2%, PM qualified discharge, pyrolysis gas (combustion gas) is stored after waste heat recovery；The abundant recovery waste heat of total system, final output clean gas and high-temperature steam two series products, needed for the clean gas of generation fully meets refuse pyrolysis, flap portion is as product output.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is the system principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein description of reference numerals is as follows:
1 is squeezing dehydration device；1-1 is disintegrating machine；1-2 is extruder；2 is drying drum；2-1 is rotating cylinder in drying drum；2-2 is drying drum urceolus；2-3 is drying drum burner；2-4 is spiral batcher；3 is pyrolysis drum；3-1 is rotating cylinder in pyrolysis drum；3-2 is pyrolysis drum urceolus；3-3 is pyrolysis drum burner；3-4 is gas-solid separator；3-5 is spiral batcher；4 is cyclone dust collector；5 is gas washing section；5-1 is one-level aeration tower；5-2 is two grades of aeration towers；6 is Sedimentation tank；7 is pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device；8 is smoke gas afterheat heat exchanger；9 is combustion gas memorizer；10 is high-temperature steam memorizer；11 is blower fan；12 is sewage-treatment plant；13 is breeze collection device；A is air；F is high-temperature flue gas；W is clear water；S is high-temperature steam product；G is fuel gas product.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation with detailed description of the invention.
The closed low temperature pyrogenation system of house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning provided by the invention, as shown in drawings, including pyrolysis section, gas washing section and heat-recovery section, wherein pyrolysis section includes drying drum 2 and pyrolysis drum 3, gas washing section 5 includes one-level aeration tower 5-1, two grades of aeration tower 5-2 and Sedimentation tank 6, and heat-recovery section includes flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus and pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device；Wherein:
Drying drum 2 includes rotating cylinder 2-1, drying drum urceolus 2-2 and drying drum burner 2-3 in dry batcher, drying drum；The entrance of dry batcher is connected with feeding device by connecting gear (such as conveyer belt, lower with), and the outlet drying batcher connects with rotating cylinder 2-1 in drying drum；In drying drum, rotating cylinder 2-1 and drying drum urceolus 2-2 is for sealing structure and being formed with therebetween cavity；In drying drum, the rear end of rotating cylinder 2-1 is provided with moisture outlet and composting outlet, and this moisture outlet and a sewage-treatment plant 12 connect；Drying drum urceolus 2-2 is provided with the gas access and exhanst gas outlet that connect with drying drum cavity；On the lateral wall that drying drum burner 2-3 is arranged in drying drum rotating cylinder 2-1；
Pyrolysis drum 3 includes rotating cylinder 3-1 in pyrolysis batcher, pyrolysis drum, pyrolysis drum urceolus 3-2, pyrolysis drum burner 3-3 and gas-solid separator 3-4；The entrance of described pyrolysis batcher is connected with the composting outlet of rotating cylinder 2-1 in drying drum by connecting gear, and the outlet of pyrolysis batcher connects with rotating cylinder 3-1 in pyrolysis drum；In pyrolysis drum, rotating cylinder 3-1 and pyrolysis drum urceolus 3-2 is for sealing structure and being formed with therebetween cavity；Pyrolysis drum urceolus 3-2 is provided with the gas access and exhanst gas outlet that connect with pyrolysis drum cavity, and this exhanst gas outlet connects with the gas access on drying drum urceolus 2-2, and gas access enters for the combustion gas in air and a combustion gas memorizer 9；Pyrolysis drum burner 3-3 is arranged in pyrolysis drum on the lateral wall of rotating cylinder 3-1, and described gas-solid separator 3-4 connects with the rear end of rotating cylinder 3-1 in pyrolysis drum, and it has pyrolysis gas outlet and breeze outlet, and the outlet of this breeze is connected with a breeze collection device 13；
One-level aeration tower 5-1 and two grades of aeration tower 5-2 is respectively provided with gas access, gas outlet and liquid storage tank, the gas access of one-level aeration tower 5-1 and the pyrolysis gas outlet of gas-solid separator 3-4, the gas access of two grades of aeration tower 5-2 connects with the gas outlet of one-level aeration tower 5-1, the gas outlet of two grades of aeration tower 5-2 connects with combustion gas memorizer 9, and in the liquid storage tank of one-level aeration tower 5-1 and two grades of aeration tower 5-2, liquid entrance Sedimentation tank 6 precipitates；
nullFlue gas waste heat recovery apparatus has high-temperature flue gas entry、Low-temperature flue gas exports、Cryogenic media entrance and high-temperature medium outlet，Pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device includes recirculated water entrance、Circulating water outlet、Cryogenic media entrance and high-temperature medium outlet，The high-temperature flue gas entry of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus connects with the exhanst gas outlet on drying drum urceolus 2-2，Low-temperature flue gas outlet and atmosphere，The outlet connection of the recirculated water entrance of pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device and two grades of aeration tower 5-2，The gas access connection of circulating water outlet and two grades of aeration tower 5-2，Flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus all connects with the bottom outlet of a high-temperature steam memorizer 10 with the cryogenic media entrance of pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device，Flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus exports with the high-temperature medium of pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device and all connects with the steam inlet of high-temperature steam memorizer 10.
In drying drum, the two ends of rotating cylinder 2-1 are extended outside drying drum urceolus 2-2, and in pyrolysis drum, the two ends of rotating cylinder 3-1 are also extended outside pyrolysis drum urceolus 3-2.In order to make rotating cylinder 3-1 in pyrolysis drum be heated evenly to realize abundant pyrolysis, pyrolysis drum burner 3-3 is evenly distributed on the lateral wall of the pyrolysis drum rotating cylinder 3-1 being positioned at pyrolysis drum urceolus 3-2.
Additionally, in order to be effectively reduced drying drum 2 and the heat waste of pyrolysis drum 3, the outer surface of the outer surface of drying drum urceolus 2-2 and pyrolysis drum urceolus 3-2 is all covered with aluminium silicate heat-insulation layer or the rock wool heat-preservation layer of 80-120mm.
More preferably, pyrolysis section also includes the squeezing dehydration device 1 being located between feeding device and drying drum 2, this squeezing dehydration device 1 includes disintegrating machine 1-1 and extruder 1-2, the entrance of disintegrating machine 1-1 is connected with feeding device (such as grab bucket, loading hopper) by connecting gear, the outlet of disintegrating machine 1-1 is connected by the entrance of connecting gear with extruder 1-2, and the outlet of extruder 1-2 is connected by the entrance of connecting gear with dry batcher.
In aforementioned structure, dry batcher and pyrolysis batcher are spiral batcher 2-4,3-5, it is possible to be pushed in drying drum by house refuse in rotating cylinder 2-1 and the interior rotating cylinder 3-1 of pyrolysis drum.
Preferred, gas washing section also includes the cyclone dust collector 4 before being positioned at one-level aeration tower 5-1, this cyclone dust collector 4 can adopt multistage dedusting method, and the pyrolysis gas outlet of gas-solid separator 3-4 in its entrance and pyrolysis section, outlet connects with the gas access of one-level aeration tower 5-1.
In said system, one-level aeration tower 5-1 adopts the quenching of alkalescence cold water spray, equipped with dynamic wave scrubber in two grades of aeration tower 5-2.Flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus and pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device respectively heat pipe-type pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device 7 and hot tube flue gas residual heat heat exchanger 8.
Additionally, the inwall of drying drum urceolus 2-2 is provided with helicitic texture, it is possible to guide the high-temperature flue gas in drying drum cavity to run.
Utilize the closed low temperature pyrogenation method of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning of said system, including:
1) house refuse is sent into rotating cylinder 2-1 in drying drum and is dried process, the most of moisture of house refuse is expelled to sewage-treatment plant 12, wherein baking temperature controls, at 120 DEG C 200 DEG C, to control drying time at 0.5h-1h, and the rotating speed of interior rotating cylinder controls at 4-8rpm；
Dried house refuse being sent into rotating cylinder 3-1 in pyrolysis drum and carries out pyrolysis processing, generate pyrolysis gas and breeze, wherein pyrolysis temperature controls at 400 DEG C 600 DEG C, and pyrolysis time controls at 0.5h-1h, and interior rotating cylinder rotating speed controls at 4-8rpm；
The startup stage that the dried of house refuse and pyrolysis processing being divided into and the normal operation stage；
Startup stage, blower fan 11 conveying air A and combustion gas memorizer 9 output combustion gas G mixing after by drying drum burner 2-3 and pyrolysis drum burner 3-3 respectively drying drum cavity and pyrolysis drum cavity in combustion heat supplying produce high-temperature flue gas；
nullStartup stage, completes to enter after the normal operation stage，High-temperature flue gas F in pyrolysis drum cavity is delivered in drying drum cavity the house refuse in rotating cylinder 2-1 in drying drum is carried out heat exchange dries，Drying drum burner 2-3 switches to auxiliary thermal source，Continue through pyrolysis drum burner 3-3 combustion heat supplying in pyrolysis drum cavity after the air A of blower fan 11 conveying and the combustion gas G mixing of combustion gas memorizer 9 output and produce high-temperature flue gas F，The water (temperature is about 80 DEG C) flowed out through the flue gas (temperature is down to 180 DEG C 200 DEG C) of heat exchange and high-temperature steam memorizer 10 bottom in drying drum cavity enters in flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 8 and carries out heat exchange，The water that high-temperature steam memorizer 10 bottom is flowed out absorbs the heat of flue gas and is formed in high-temperature steam entrance high-temperature steam memorizer 10，After fume afterheat is absorbed, temperature is down to 105 DEG C and can be expelled directly out；
2) pyrolysis gas being sent into gas washing section 5, pass sequentially through one-level aeration tower 5-1 and two grades of aeration tower 5-2 and carry out purified treatment, the pyrolysis gas after washing enters combustion gas memorizer 9；
The water that the high temperature circulation water of two grades of aeration tower 5-2 and high-temperature steam memorizer 10 bottom are flowed out enters in pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device and carries out heat exchange, the water that high-temperature steam memorizer 10 bottom is flowed out absorbs the heat of the high temperature circulation water of two grades of aeration tower 5-2 and is formed in high-temperature steam entrance high-temperature steam memorizer 10, and the high temperature circulation water of two grades of aeration tower 5-2 discharges waste heat and loops back two grades of aeration tower 5-2；
High-temperature steam S in high-temperature steam memorizer 10 and combustion gas G more than needed in combustion gas memorizer 9, eventually serves as output of products.
Preferably, before house refuse enters drying drum 2, first picked up feeding disintegrating machine 1-1 by grabbing bucket in batches, house refuse fragment after abundant machine cuts enters extruder 1-2 again through conveyer belt and carries out dehydration, msw water content after extrusion dehydration can be reduced to 50%, after drying drum 2, the composting water content of discharge is further reduced to 40%.
In washing section 5, clear water W is sent in one-level aeration tower 5-1 and two grades of aeration tower 5-2, in one-level aeration tower 5-1, pyrolysis gas sprays through parlkaline cold water, gas temperature reduces rapidly, making tar therein condense, the dust condensed in the tar of droplet and gas is together peeled off by aqueous alkali, falls in the liquid storage tank of one-level aeration tower 5-1.Equipped with dynamic wave scrubber in two grades of aeration tower 5-2, liquid (includes clear water and by the water flowing back to two grades of aeration tower 5-2 after pyrolysis gas afterheat heat exchanger 7 heat exchange) and is sprayed in cylindric washer by reverse, one-level aeration tower 5-1 expellant gas and liquid bump against, gas-liquid close contact and stable standing wave is formed on contact surface, in standing wave district, gas contacts with the liquid of a large amount of very fast renewals, it is possible to the powerful tar effectively removing remaining in pyrolysis gas and dust.Liquid in two-stage aeration tower liquid storage tank, is extracted in Sedimentation tank 6 by circulating pump and precipitates, and the light oil of the superiors is directly separating storage, and the sewage in intermediate layer is sent to water treatment system, and heavy oil and the lime-ash of bottom are discharged.
Above by specific embodiment, the present invention being described in detail, this embodiment is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it not limits the invention.Without departing from the principles of the present invention; all other embodiments that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained by modes such as any amendment, equivalent replacement, improvement under the premise not making creative work, are regarded as in the technology category that the present invention protects.
Claims (14)
1. the closed low temperature pyrogenation system of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning, it is characterized in that, including pyrolysis section, gas washing section and heat-recovery section, wherein pyrolysis section includes drying drum and pyrolysis drum, gas washing section includes one-level aeration tower, two grades of aeration towers and Sedimentation tank, and heat-recovery section includes flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus and pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device；
Described drying drum includes rotating cylinder, drying drum urceolus and drying drum burner in dry batcher, drying drum；The entrance of described dry batcher is connected with feeding device by connecting gear, and the outlet of dry batcher connects with rotating cylinder in drying drum；In described drying drum, rotating cylinder and drying drum urceolus are for sealing structure and being formed with therebetween cavity；In described drying drum, the rear end of rotating cylinder is provided with moisture outlet and composting outlet, this moisture outlet and sewage-treatment plant connection；Described drying drum urceolus is provided with the gas access and exhanst gas outlet that connect with drying drum cavity；On the lateral wall that described drying drum burner is arranged in drying drum rotating cylinder；
Described pyrolysis drum includes rotating cylinder in pyrolysis batcher, pyrolysis drum, pyrolysis drum urceolus, pyrolysis drum burner and gas-solid separator；The entrance of described pyrolysis batcher is connected with the composting outlet of rotating cylinder in drying drum by connecting gear, and the outlet of pyrolysis batcher connects with rotating cylinder in pyrolysis drum；In described pyrolysis drum, rotating cylinder and pyrolysis drum urceolus are for sealing structure and being formed with therebetween cavity；Described pyrolysis drum urceolus is provided with the gas access and exhanst gas outlet that connect with pyrolysis drum cavity, and this exhanst gas outlet connects with the gas access on drying drum urceolus, and gas access enters for the combustion gas in air and a combustion gas memorizer；Described pyrolysis drum burner is arranged in pyrolysis drum on the lateral wall of rotating cylinder, and described gas-solid separator connects with the rear end of rotating cylinder in pyrolysis drum, and it has pyrolysis gas outlet and breeze outlet, and the outlet of this breeze is connected with a breeze collection device；
Described one-level aeration tower and two grades of aeration towers are respectively provided with gas access, gas outlet and liquid storage tank, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the gas access of one-level aeration tower and gas-solid separator, the gas access of two grades of aeration towers connects with the gas outlet of one-level aeration tower, the gas outlet of two grades of aeration towers connects with combustion gas memorizer, and in the liquid storage tank of one-level aeration tower and two grades of aeration towers, liquid enters Sedimentation tank precipitation；
Flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus has high-temperature flue gas entry, low-temperature flue gas exports, cryogenic media entrance and high-temperature medium outlet, pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device includes recirculated water entrance, circulating water outlet, cryogenic media entrance and high-temperature medium outlet, the high-temperature flue gas entry of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus connects with the exhanst gas outlet on drying drum urceolus, low-temperature flue gas outlet and atmosphere, the outlet connection of the recirculated water entrance of pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device and two grades of aeration towers, the gas access connection of circulating water outlet and two grades of aeration towers, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus all connects with the bottom outlet of a high-temperature steam memorizer with the cryogenic media entrance of pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device, flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus exports with the high-temperature medium of pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device and all connects with the steam inlet of high-temperature steam memorizer.
2. the closed low temperature pyrogenation system of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the outer surface of the outer surface of described drying drum urceolus and pyrolysis drum urceolus is all covered with aluminium silicate heat-insulation layer or the rock wool heat-preservation layer of 80-120mm.
3. the closed low temperature pyrogenation system of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pyrolysis section also includes the squeezing dehydration device being located between feeding device and drying drum.
4. the closed low temperature pyrogenation system of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described squeezing dehydration device includes disintegrating machine and extruder, the entrance of disintegrating machine is connected with feeding device by connecting gear, the outlet of disintegrating machine is connected with the entrance of extruder by connecting gear, and the outlet of extruder is connected by the entrance of connecting gear with dry batcher.
5. the closed low temperature pyrogenation system of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that described dry batcher and pyrolysis batcher are spiral batcher.
6. the closed low temperature pyrogenation system of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pyrolysis drum burner is evenly distributed on the lateral wall of the pyrolysis drum rotating cylinder being positioned at pyrolysis drum urceolus.
7. the closed low temperature pyrogenation system of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gas washing section also includes the cyclone dust collector before being positioned at one-level aeration tower, the entrance of this cyclone dust collector and the pyrolysis gas outlet of gas-solid separator in pyrolysis section, outlet connects with the gas access of one-level aeration tower.
8. the closed low temperature pyrogenation system of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described one-level aeration tower adopts quenching, equipped with dynamic wave scrubber in two grades of aeration towers.
9. the closed low temperature pyrogenation system of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus and pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device are heat-pipe heat exchanger.
10. the closed low temperature pyrogenation system of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the inwall of described drying drum urceolus is provided with the helicitic texture guiding flue gas.
11. one kind adopts the closed low temperature pyrogenation method of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning that system described in claim 1 realizes, it is characterised in that including:
1) the interior rotating cylinder that house refuse is sent into drying drum is dried process, the most of moisture of house refuse is expelled to sewage-treatment plant, wherein baking temperature controls, at 120 DEG C 200 DEG C, to control drying time at 0.5h-1h, and the rotating speed of interior rotating cylinder controls at 4-8rpm；
The interior rotating cylinder that dried house refuse is sent into pyrolysis drum carries out pyrolysis processing, generates pyrolysis gas and breeze, and wherein pyrolysis temperature controls at 400 DEG C 600 DEG C, and pyrolysis time controls at 0.5h-1h, and interior rotating cylinder rotating speed controls at 4-8rpm；
The startup stage that the dried of house refuse and pyrolysis processing being divided into and the normal operation stage；
Startup stage, air and combustion gas memorizer output combustion gas mixing after by drying drum burner and pyrolysis drum burner respectively drying drum cavity and pyrolysis drum cavity in combustion heat supplying produce high-temperature flue gas；
Startup stage, completes to enter after the normal operation stage, high-temperature flue gas in pyrolysis drum cavity is delivered in drying drum cavity the house refuse in rotating cylinder in drying drum is carried out heat exchange dries, drying drum burner switches to auxiliary thermal source, continue through pyrolysis drum burner combustion heat supplying in pyrolysis drum cavity after the combustion gas mixing of air and the output of combustion gas memorizer and produce high-temperature flue gas, the water flowed out through the flue gas of heat exchange and high-temperature steam memorizer bottom in drying drum cavity enters in flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus and carries out heat exchange, the water that high-temperature steam memorizer bottom is flowed out absorbs the heat of flue gas and is formed in high-temperature steam entrance high-temperature steam memorizer, fume afterheat is discharged after being absorbed；
2) pyrolysis gas being sent into gas washing section, pass sequentially through one-level aeration tower and two grades of aeration towers carry out purified treatment, the pyrolysis gas after washing enters combustion gas memorizer；
The water that the high temperature circulation water of two grades of aeration towers and high-temperature steam memorizer bottom are flowed out enters in pyrolysis gas waste-heat recovery device and carries out heat exchange, the water that high-temperature steam memorizer bottom is flowed out absorbs the heat of the high temperature circulation water of two grades of aeration towers and is formed in high-temperature steam entrance high-temperature steam memorizer, and the high temperature circulation water of two grades of aeration towers discharges waste heat and loops back two grades of aeration towers.
12. the closed low temperature pyrogenation method of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 11, it is characterised in that before house refuse enters drying drum, first in disintegrating machine, carry out machine cuts, in extruder, then carry out dehydration.
13. the closed low temperature pyrogenation method of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 11, it is characterised in that before pyrolysis gas enters one-level aeration tower, first in cyclone dust collector, carry out dust removal process.
14. the closed low temperature pyrogenation method of the house refuse internal recycle based on decoupling burning according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, pyrolysis gas is carried out alkalescence cold water spray by described one-level aeration tower, and the pyrolysis gas that one-level aeration tower is exported by two grades of aeration towers carries out dynamic wave scrubbing.
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