CN106439833B - The disposal system and its application method of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying - Google Patents

The disposal system and its application method of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying Download PDF

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CN106439833B
CN106439833B CN201611055964.1A CN201611055964A CN106439833B CN 106439833 B CN106439833 B CN 106439833B CN 201611055964 A CN201611055964 A CN 201611055964A CN 106439833 B CN106439833 B CN 106439833B
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flue gas
rubbish
house refuse
temperature
indirect heating
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CN106439833A (en
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吴云
成一知
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Hunan New World Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Hunan New World Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/40—Acidic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/58—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B01D53/85—Biological processes with gas-solid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/95—Specific microorganisms
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B01D2258/0291—Flue gases from waste incineration plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the disposal systems and its application method of high-temperature oxydation after a kind of house refuse destructive gasifying, carbonization gasified boiler is connected with secondary combustion chamber, secondary combustion chamber is connected with percolate evaporation concentrator, percolate evaporation concentrator is connected with smoke reaction tower, smoke reaction tower is connected with high-temperature flue gas purification device, active carbon storehouse, niter ash cellar and denitrification reaction agent storehouse are connected by pipeline with smoke reaction tower, high-temperature flue gas purification device is connected with indirect heating dehydrator, indirect heating dehydrator is connected with air-introduced machine and chimney, rubbish cures drainage bin, odorous gas in percolate evaporation concentrator and indirect heating drying device is connect by pipeline with biologic packing material deodoriser, biologic packing material deodoriser is connected with plasma deodoriser and straight-through blowdown stack.The present invention is a kind of disposal system and its application method that can solve high-temperature oxydation after moisture content height, the house refuse destructive gasifying that calorific value is low, lime-ash component ratio is big in house refuse.

Description

The disposal system and its application method of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of destructive distillation minimizing of solid waste, harmlessness disposing system more particularly to a kind of life rubbish The disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after rubbish destructive gasifying.The invention further relates to the disposition of high-temperature oxydation after the house refuse destructive gasifying The application method of system.
Background technique
The major technique of country's application of city life garbage centralized burning processing is that fluidized combustion power generation and grate furnace are burnt at present Power generation is burnt, wherein the application of Incineration in CFB technique is more compared with grate furnace.Since China's garbage classification works also in opposite In the relatively backward stage, there are the rubbish containing chlorine such as more plastic containing chlorine in house refuse, and rubbish containing chlorine is under oxygen-enriched state Burning is easy to produce more " dioxin " substances, and " dioxin " substance belongs to strong carcinogen.Therefore current rubbish Incineration disposal project suffers from more and more conflict and protest from general public during project construction, operation.And And current consumer waste innocent incineration disposal, based on the centralized burning power generation disposition of urbanization house refuse, grate furnace is burnt Firing technique and fluidized combustion technique have reached the treating capacity of thousands of ton/days of single set system.But the rural area of the vast rural areas House refuse is excessively dispersed due to collecting, and transportation cost is excessively high, and refuse thermal value low-water-content is high, is not obtained always effective Harmlessness disposing.And the harmlessness disposing demand of residents in rural community is more special: 1. the calorific value of residents in rural community is low, aqueous Rate is high, lime-ash component ratio is big；2. the refuse production of rural area is small, receipts fortune difficulty is big, and odd-numbered day process demand is usually less than 100 tons；3. being difficult to set up the operation and maintenance that high-quality specialized operation team carries out equipment, complicated technology and equipment are difficult to Difficulty to effective operation and maintenance, maintenance service is big.
For background above, existing part invention carries out the innoxious place of house refuse using the technique of dry-distillation incineration at present It sets.But by the research to multiple patent process flows, there is various kinds in most technology paths, it is difficult to meet above-mentioned back The specific demand of the disposition of rural area consumer waste innocent under scape.Therefore present invention is specifically directed to the spies of agriculture house refuse Different demand has carried out corresponding technological design.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem to be solved by this invention, which is to provide one kind, can solve moisture content height, calorific value in house refuse The disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after the house refuse destructive gasifying low, lime-ash component ratio is big.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the place of high-temperature oxydation after the house refuse destructive gasifying Set the application method of system.
In order to solve above-mentioned first technical problem, the place of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying provided by the invention System is set, including rubbish cures drainage bin, percolate evaporation concentrator, indirect heating drying device, carbonization gasified boiler, second-time burning Room, smoke reaction tower, high-temperature flue gas purification device, biologic packing material deodoriser and plasma deodoriser, the carbonization gasified boiler with The secondary combustion chamber is connected, and the secondary combustion chamber is connected with the percolate evaporation concentrator, the diafiltration Liquid evaporation concentrator is connected with the smoke reaction tower, the smoke reaction tower and the high-temperature flue gas purification device phase Even, active carbon storehouse, niter ash cellar and denitrification reaction agent storehouse are connected by pipeline with the smoke reaction tower, the high temperature cigarette Gas purifier is connected with the indirect heating dehydrator, and the indirect heating dehydrator is connected with air-introduced machine and chimney, institute Odorous gas in the rubbish curing drainage bin stated, percolate evaporation concentrator and indirect heating drying device by pipeline with it is described The connection of biologic packing material deodoriser, the biologic packing material deodoriser, which connect with the plasma deodoriser and led directly to, discharges cigarette Chimney.
The carbonization gasified boiler is three groups of parallel connection.
The carbonization gasified boiler is the cylindrical body of upper and lower covers, and furnace body is the jacket structured of double-layer plate composition, in collet For furnace wall circulating water for cooling.
The rubbish curing drainage bin is the environment of integrally closed, including storing space, the entrance in storing space The garbage sorting mechanism at place, rubbish turn over throwing grab bucket, closed light-transmitting double-layer glass-top layer, hot water radiator system, leachate collection System and odor collection system.
The percolate evaporation concentrator is pump type heat evaporator, the high-temperature flue gas obtained using dual firing chamber's high-temperature oxydation Carry out the evaporation and concentration of percolate.
The indirect heating drying device is the garbage dewatering device of jacket type structure, is purified medium temperature on the outside of collet The house refuse being dehydrated further is strengthened for needs in flue gas, collet inside.
The secondary combustion chamber carries out placement layer by layer using high temperature resistant refractory material and low-density heat insulating refractory material.
The smoke reaction tower is cylindrical tower body, and generally high temperature resistant, erosion-resisting castable carries out one-piece casting.
The high-temperature flue gas purification device is the high temperature resistant flue gas cleaner of more case parallel-connection structures, and core material is appendix The ceramic filter material of polynary noble metal catalyst.
It is the micro- of carrier that the biologic packing material deodoriser, which is using plastic filler ring, sawdust, crushing straw, husk biomass, Packed- bed reactor, microorganism therein is using biomass membrane as carrier.
The plasma deodoriser is high voltage direct current plasma integrated deodorization equipment.
In order to solve above-mentioned second technical problem, the place of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying provided by the invention The application method for setting system, includes the following steps:
(1), refuse-unloading to rubbish is cured drainage bin by garbage collecting and transferring vehicle；House refuse is cured in rubbish and is connect in drainage bin By solar energy and gasification furnace jacket water (J.W.) bring thermal energy, fermentation dehydration is carried out；During temporary, rubbish is carried out using garbage grab bucket Rubbish turns over throwing, strengthens house refuse and air carries out the mass transfer of moisture, and realizing the partially dehydrated of rubbish under self-gravity action； After rubbish cures drainage bin temporary dehydration 5-7 days, house refuse is able to achieve the effect of dehydration 15%-30%；
(2), the rubbish in rubbish curing drainage bin will generate percolate during the dehydration process, and landfill leachate passes through pipeline It is delivered to percolate evaporation concentrator, is evaporated dehydration using back segment high-temperature flue gas；It is remaining after moisture removal in percolate Dope and sludge in organic acid/alicyclic organic containing high concentration, calorific value with higher；This part dope/sludge returns again Harmlessness disposing is carried out to desiccation and distillation system；
(3), house refuse, dehydration percolate dope and sludge are entering destructive gasifying stokehold, into indirect heating desiccation Device is further dehydrated；Dewatered house refuse moisture content will be less than 25%, and refuse thermal value will be greater than 1500kcal/ kg；
(4), the house refuse after indirect heating drying and other treatment is delivered to the top of carbonization gasified boiler by cast hopper, warp It is fed intake by upper cover into carbonization gasified boiler, the loitering phase into before refuse disposal operation；It is in parallel real by multiple carbonization gasified boilers Destructive gasifying disposition is applied, after the carbonization gasified boiler wait dispose the stage completes rubbish destructive distillation disposition therein, to doing for operation phase The operation phase will be switched by evaporating gasification furnace；
(5), the rubbish carbonization gas that carbonization gasified boiler generates is carried out at high-temperature oxydation by pipeline to secondary combustion chamber Reason；Rubbish carbonization gas tangentially enters secondary combustion chamber by flowing backwards pipeline, and turbulivity with higher is cooperated 1.1- by flue gas 1.3 excess air coefficient carries out the supply of auxiliary air, and destructive distillation flue gas is in the case where secondary combustion chamber is more than 850 DEG C of hot environment After stopping more than 2 seconds, organic substance therein is fully oxidized destruction；
(6), the high-temperature flue gas of secondary combustion chamber is via pipeline to percolate evaporation concentrator, will wherein 450 DEG C with On flue gas enthalpy be released to percolate evaporation concentrator, make landfill leachate realize dehydration concentration/desiccation；
(7), the high-temperature flue gas after the heat exchange of percolate evaporation concentrator enters smoke reaction tower, and flue gas enters smoke reaction tower Afterwards, the flow velocity of flue gas will slow down, and the residence time can lengthen；The flue gas of medium temperature and the activity tangentially entered in smoke reaction tower Charcoal, calcium hydroxide and denitrogenation reducing agent are sufficiently mixed；Acidic materials in flue gas are by calcium hydroxide neutralization reaction, heavy metal substance It is tightly held by activated carbon, nitrogen oxides is sufficiently mixed with denitrogenation reducing agent；
(8), the flue gas of smoke reaction tower outlet carries out fume cleaning by pipeline to high temperature flue gas cleaner；After reaction Calcium hydroxide, active carbon will be filtered out in clarifier together with the particulate matter in flue gas；Nitrogen oxides in flue gas is in denitrogenation Elimination is reduced under the action of reducing agent and catalyst；
(9), the medium temperature flue gas by purified treatment enters indirect heating drying device, the heat being further dehydrated as rubbish Source；The flue gas of medium temperature will be rapidly reduced to 150 DEG C -200 DEG C in indirect heating drying device；
(10), the flue gas to cool down rapidly is completed by indirect heating drying device and finally carries out row up to standard via air-introduced machine and chimney It puts.
The disposal system and its application method of high-temperature oxydation, rubbish after house refuse destructive gasifying by adopting the above technical scheme Rubbish is transported to destructor plant by garbage truck receipts, and via unloading, platform discharging to rubbish cures drainage bin, cures drainage bin in rubbish Interior temporary 5-7 days, the curing dehydration of rubbish is completed under the action of rubbish gravity and forced fermentation.The rubbish generated in dehydration Rubbish percolate is delivered to percolate evaporation concentrator and is evaporated concentration/desiccation, the foul gas conveying generated in dehydration To stench processing system or the high-temperature oxydation section of directly extraction to system carries out high-temperature oxydation elimination, the concentrate generated after dehydration It is delivered to indirect heating drying device with sludge, is further dehydrated with garbage curing.It is dry that rubbish after curing is delivered to indirect heating Change device and carry out secondary hardening dehydration, the garbage drying after second dehydration enters carbonization gasified boiler and carries out destructive gasifying processing, dehydration The odorous gas generated in the process, which is delivered to stench processing system or directly extracts to the high-temperature oxydation section of system, carries out high temperature oxygen Change and eliminates.Dewatered rubbish is disposably fed intake by the furnace top cover that gasifies into carbonization gasified boiler, and be layered in furnace Destructive distillation/carbonization, until disposably slagging tap after the ashing and cooling of completion rubbish.The garbage cracking gas that carbonization gasified boiler generates is logical It crosses flue and is delivered to secondary combustion chamber progress high-temperature oxydation.Cracking gas stops in the environment of high temperature, high turbulence and control oxygen After staying the sufficiently long time, the harmful substance in cracking gas is all oxidized elimination, and the oxidation of harmful substance is put in cracking gas Thermal energy maintains secondary combustion chamber to be continuously maintained under the ambient condition of high-temperature (1100 DEG C -850 DEG C).The high temperature of secondary combustion chamber Flue gas is extracted in percolate evaporation concentrator, and making full use of the waste heat in flue gas is that the work of percolate evaporation concentrator mentions Heating load.The flue gas that heat exchange is completed in percolate evaporation concentrator enters smoke reaction tower, and smoke reaction tower is simultaneously by basis Flue gas monitoring as a result, as required carry out active carbon, calcium hydroxide and denitrification reaction agent addition, carried out in smoke reaction tower The reaction of harmful substances from flue gases removes.By smoke reaction tower stop reaction after, flue gas enter high-temperature flue gas purification device into Row gas cleaning removes the particulate matter in flue gas, nitrogen oxides, has adsorbed the micro activated carbon particle of harmful substance, and is catalytically decomposed Remaining small organic molecule in flue gas.Treated that medium temperature flue gas enters that indirect heating drying device is garbage dewatering for gas cleaning Heat source is provided, the energy in flue gas is made full use of.Gas cleaning processing and energy be fully utilized after flue gas via air-introduced machine With smoke stack emission to system external environment.The foul gas generated in system operation will be handled via two systems, work as rubbish When destructive distillation processing operates normally, foul gas will directly be drawn into secondary combustion chamber and carry out high-temperature oxydation, when rubbish destructive distillation is handled When system is in shutdown status, foul gas will extract to biologic packing material deodoriser and carry out stink elimination, before odorous gas discharge, If failing to reach discharge standard by on-line monitoring equipment monitoring, it is secondary to enter the progress of plasma gas purification device Purification.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that with the comparison of Other Waste incineration disposal method:
1, the garbage treating process that high-temperature oxydation is carried out after destructive gasifying, can be reduced in the anoxybiotic environment of rubbish destructive distillation link The generation and discharge of " dioxin " in rubbish heat treatment process.
2, destructive gasifying technique belongs to the static bed processing of rubbish, is different from the dynamic bed of grate furnace and fluidized bed, has The advantage that flying dust yield greatly reduces.And the bigger specific surface area of flying dust and heavy metal element therein can usually rise Generate the effect of catalyst again to " dioxin ".
3, secondary combustion chamber is directed to direct burning of the high-temperature oxydation of cracking flue gas relative to solid refuse, it is easier to carry out The control of oxygen demand and supply amount, excess air coefficient energy value is smaller, and garbage disposal exhaust gas volumn is smaller, and refuse thermal value utilizes More sufficiently.
4, process flow of the invention has stronger adaptability for low in calories, high-moisture percentage house refuse, can be The dehydration of rubbish and the promotion of calorific value are completed in system.
5, the present invention is relatively abundant to the heat utilization in house refuse, and multiple links make system to the utilization of fume waste heat Operation it is more stable.It can accomplish few supplement using combustion-supporting fuel, the situation of rubbish abundance when component of refuse is relatively stable It is lower even to accomplish that zero fuel when continuous operation supplements.
6, the application of high-temperature flue gas processing technique makes the granular material discharged concentration in flue gas lower, and has while denitration With the ability of catalytic elimination " dioxin ".
7, device structure is relatively easy, does not need the operation dimension for the high-quality personnel progress equipment for configuring multiple major fields Shield.
In conclusion the present invention is a kind of to can solve in house refuse that moisture content is high, calorific value is low, lime-ash component ratio is big The disposal system and its application method of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of house refuse destructive gasifying high-temperature oxydation disposal system of the invention
Fig. 2 is gasification furnace switchover operation schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of house refuse destructive gasifying high-temperature oxydation disposal system of the invention is as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, after house refuse destructive gasifying provided by the invention high-temperature oxydation disposal system, including rubbish is ripe Change drainage bin, percolate evaporation concentrator, indirect heating drying device, carbonization gasified boiler, secondary combustion chamber, smoke reaction tower, height Warm flue gas cleaner, biologic packing material deodoriser and plasma deodoriser, carbonization gasified boiler are divided into gasification furnace A, the gas being arranged in parallel Change furnace B and gasification furnace C, carbonization gasified boiler are connected with secondary combustion chamber, secondary combustion chamber is connected with percolate evaporation concentrator, seeps Filtrate evaporation concentrator is connected with smoke reaction tower, and smoke reaction tower is connected with high-temperature flue gas purification device, active carbon storehouse, calcium hydroxide Storehouse and denitrification reaction agent storehouse are connected by pipeline with smoke reaction tower, and high-temperature flue gas purification device is connected with indirect heating dehydrator, Indirect heating dehydrator is connected with air-introduced machine and chimney, and it is dry that rubbish cures drainage bin, percolate evaporation concentrator and indirect heating The odorous gas changed in device is connect by pipeline with biologic packing material deodoriser, and biologic packing material deodoriser is connected with plasma deodoriser And straight-through blowdown stack.
It further includes inlet in addition to providing simple storing space that rubbish, which cures the environment that drainage bin is integrally closed, Garbage sorting mechanism, rubbish turn over throwing grab bucket, closed light-transmitting double-layer glass-top layer, hot water radiator system, leachate collection system And odor collection system.Rubbish is discharged into rubbish curing drainage bin by garbage truck, carries out rubbish machinery point via garbage sorting system It picks, removes the inorganic matters component of refuse such as metal therein, cinder, glass ceramics.The rubbish of organic composition is temporarily stored into storehouse and stores up Slot throws transfer and the fermentation of itself by turning over for grab bucket, and the partial moisture in rubbish is removed, and realizes the reduction of msw water content The raising of calorific value.Heat required for garbage dewatering and fermentation is in addition to a part is from solar energy, carbonization gasified boiler water leg Interior recirculated water carries out heat release by hot water radiator system, and cooling while provides part heat required for garbage dewatering fermentation Amount.
Percolate evaporation concentrator be pump type heat evaporator, using secondary combustion chamber high-temperature oxydation obtain high-temperature flue gas into The evaporation and concentration of row percolate.By heat exchange after high-temperature flue gas by 1100 DEG C -850 DEG C decreased sharply above to 450 DEG C or so, Into gas cleaning link.Percolate is then concentrated into the dope and sludge of high heating value, goes forward side by side with the rubbish one to further be dehydrated Enter indirect heating drying device and carries out further desiccation dehydration.
Indirect heating drying device is the garbage dewatering device of jacket type structure, is purified medium temperature flue gas on the outside of collet, House refuse on the inside of collet to need further to strengthen dehydration.Flue gas does not do with rubbish and directly contacts, and only passes through the gold of collet Belong to Heat Conduction Material and carries out energy exchange.House refuse in collet is spinned under the action of turning over and throwing plate linearly turns over throwing, increases rubbish Rubbish and the heat exchanger effectiveness of jacket for heat exchange plate and the dehydration mass-transfer efficiency of rubbish and air.Due to hot in indirect heating drying device Power board has biggish heat exchange area, and flue-gas temperature and the temperature difference of rubbish to be drained off are larger, in the environment of high flow rate, cigarette Temperature degree can be rapidly reduced between 150 DEG C -200 DEG C by 450 DEG C or so, shortened harmful substance and synthesized in optimum temperature section again Residence time.
Carbonization gasified boiler is the cylindrical body of upper and lower covers, and it is furnace in collet that furnace body, which is the jacket structured of double-layer plate composition, Wall circulating water for cooling.The operating status of carbonization gasified boiler is cycling service, after primary charging, at the intracorporal rubbish of furnace Reason finishes, into next work cycle after slagging tap.The upper cover of carbonization gasified boiler is refractory material one-piece casting, utilizes lid Self weight carry out the sealing of upper cover and can pass through when instantaneous pressure is excessive in furnace and uncap and carry out pressure release.The bottom cover of furnace body is screw rod Mechanical seal is locked after the completion of discharging using special spanner.Cooling circulating water in carbonization gasified boiler collet will be delivered to Rubbish cures drainage bin and carries out heat release, improves rubbish and cures dehydration efficiency.Single furnace disposition amount of carbonization gasified boiler is relatively solid It is fixed, when needing to increase treating capacity, solved by carbonization gasified boiler parallel connection quantity.
Secondary combustion chamber carries out placement layer by layer using high temperature resistant refractory material and low-density heat insulating refractory material.Destructive gasifying The flammable cracking gas of furnace tangentially enters secondary combustion chamber, is rotationally advancing in the secondary combustion chamber, increases flue gas in secondary combustion chamber While interior turbulivity, increase residence time of the smoke components under secondary combustion chamber hot environment.It adopts secondary combustion chamber outlet It is closed up with cambered surface domes, radiations heat energy is allowed to form energy accumulating in exit, strengthen the high temperature oxygen of secondary combustion chamber outlet Change intensity.
Smoke reaction tower is cylindrical tower body, and generally high temperature resistant, erosion-resisting castable carries out one-piece casting.Due to cigarette The diameter of solid/liquid/gas reactions tower is greater than flue, and flue gas flow velocity after entering smoke reaction tower can slow down.Active carbon, calcium hydroxide and de- Nitrogen reductant by by the pipeline orthogonal with smoke reaction tower to smoke reaction tower, with the flue gas in smoke reaction tower into Row mixing/reaction.
High-temperature flue gas purification device is the high temperature resistant flue gas cleaner of more case parallel-connection structures.It is polynary that its core material has been appendix The ceramic filter material of noble metal catalyst.Particulate matter in flue gas can be less than 5mg/m after ceramic filter3Mark Standard, and the nitrogen oxides in ceramic material in the catalyst energy catalytic reducing smoke of appendix and small point including " dioxin " Sub- substance.Active carbon and hydrated lime particle in flue gas in the addition of smoke reaction tower are filtered out in clarifier, and ceramic filter material Surface forms cake layer, strengthens and continues to react with the harmful substance in flue gas simultaneously to the filter effect of flue gas.
Biologic packing material deodoriser be using the microbe stuffing reactor that the biomass such as sawdust, crushing straw, husk are carrier, Microorganism therein is using biomass membrane as carrier.Ammonia, the hydrogen sulfide etc. in odorous gas can be absorbed in the vital movement of microorganism Stink substances.Reach discharge standard by the odorous gas after biomass filtering layer and microorganism contact.When climatic factor influence is micro- When biological respinse activity and foul smell generate concentration, the working efficiency of biologic packing material deodoriser may be unable to satisfy foul smell discharge It is required that plasma will be started automatically except odour when on-line monitoring system monitors that foul smell discharge is difficult to meet standard requirements Carry out further stink elimination.
Plasma deodoriser is high voltage direct current plasma integrated deodorization equipment.By direct current, high pressure, high frequency electric source electricity Corona forms plasma filtering layer in the direction of gas passage, when the stink substances in gas passes through plasma, point Minor structure is thoroughly eliminated by plasma collapse, stink substances.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, after house refuse destructive gasifying provided by the invention the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation user Method, steps are as follows: (1), garbage collecting and transferring vehicle by refuse-unloading to rubbish cure drainage bin；House refuse cures drainage bin in rubbish In receive solar energy and gasification furnace jacket water (J.W.) bring thermal energy, carry out fermentation dehydration；During temporary, using garbage grab bucket into Row rubbish turns over throwing, strengthens house refuse and air carries out the mass transfer of moisture, and in the part for realizing rubbish under self-gravity action Dehydration；After rubbish cures drainage bin temporary dehydration 5-7 days, house refuse is able to achieve the effect of dehydration 15%-30%；
(2), the rubbish in rubbish curing drainage bin will generate percolate during the dehydration process, and landfill leachate passes through pipeline It is delivered to percolate evaporation concentrator, is evaporated dehydration using back segment high-temperature flue gas；It is remaining after moisture removal in percolate Dope and sludge in organic acid/alicyclic organic containing high concentration, calorific value with higher；This part dope/sludge returns again Harmlessness disposing is carried out to desiccation and distillation system；
(3), house refuse, dehydration percolate dope and sludge are entering destructive gasifying stokehold, into indirect heating desiccation Device is further dehydrated；Dewatered house refuse moisture content will be less than 25%, and refuse thermal value will be greater than 1500kcal/ kg；
(4), the house refuse after indirect heating drying and other treatment is delivered to the top of carbonization gasified boiler by cast hopper, warp It is fed intake by upper cover into carbonization gasified boiler, the loitering phase into before refuse disposal operation；It is in parallel real by multiple carbonization gasified boilers Destructive gasifying disposition is applied, after the carbonization gasified boiler wait dispose the stage completes rubbish destructive distillation disposition therein, to doing for operation phase The operation phase will be switched by evaporating gasification furnace；
(5), the rubbish carbonization gas that carbonization gasified boiler generates is carried out at high-temperature oxydation by pipeline to secondary combustion chamber Reason；Rubbish carbonization gas tangentially enters secondary combustion chamber by flowing backwards pipeline, and turbulivity with higher is cooperated 1.1- by flue gas 1.3 excess air coefficient carries out the supply of auxiliary air, and destructive distillation flue gas is in the case where secondary combustion chamber is more than 850 DEG C of hot environment After stopping more than 2 seconds, organic substance therein is fully oxidized destruction；
(6), the high-temperature flue gas of secondary combustion chamber is via pipeline to percolate evaporation concentrator, will wherein 450 DEG C with On flue gas enthalpy be released to percolate evaporation concentrator, make landfill leachate realize dehydration concentration/desiccation；
(7), the high-temperature flue gas after the heat exchange of percolate evaporation concentrator enters smoke reaction tower, and flue gas enters smoke reaction tower Afterwards, the flow velocity of flue gas will slow down, and the residence time can lengthen；The flue gas of medium temperature and the activity tangentially entered in smoke reaction tower Charcoal, calcium hydroxide and denitrogenation reducing agent are sufficiently mixed；Acidic materials in flue gas are by calcium hydroxide neutralization reaction, heavy metal substance It is tightly held by activated carbon, nitrogen oxides is sufficiently mixed with denitrogenation reducing agent；
(8), the flue gas of smoke reaction tower outlet carries out fume cleaning by pipeline to high temperature flue gas cleaner；After reaction Calcium hydroxide, active carbon will be filtered out in clarifier together with the particulate matter in flue gas；Nitrogen oxides in flue gas is in denitrogenation Elimination is reduced under the action of reducing agent and catalyst；
(9), the medium temperature flue gas by purified treatment enters indirect heating drying device, the heat being further dehydrated as rubbish Source；The flue gas of medium temperature will be rapidly reduced to 150 DEG C -200 DEG C in indirect heating drying device；
(10), the flue gas to cool down rapidly is completed by indirect heating drying device and finally carries out row up to standard via air-introduced machine and chimney It puts.
Rubbish cures the link of drainage bin, concentration evaporator and indirect heating drying device as garbage dewatering, will be with production Raw corresponding odorous gas, odorous gas are extracted by pipeline and blower to biologic packing material deodoriser.Odorous gas is passing through life When object filler deodoriser, the odorous gas such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia therein will be absorbed by the microbial activities in filler.By life Object filler deodoriser treated gas will pass through the real-time analysis of on-line monitoring system, and the gas for reaching discharge standard will pass through Chimney direct emission will be removed because the external environments such as climate change lead to the gas for failing to reach discharge standard by plasma After the processing of smelly device, then discharged.

Claims (10)

1. the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after a kind of house refuse destructive gasifying, it is characterized in that: including rubbish curing drainage bin, seeping Filtrate evaporation concentrator, indirect heating drying device, carbonization gasified boiler, secondary combustion chamber, smoke reaction tower, high-temperature flue gas purification Device, biologic packing material deodoriser and plasma deodoriser, the carbonization gasified boiler is connected with the secondary combustion chamber, described Secondary combustion chamber is connected with the percolate evaporation concentrator, the percolate evaporation concentrator and the smoke reaction Tower is connected, and the smoke reaction tower is connected with the high-temperature flue gas purification device, active carbon storehouse, niter ash cellar and denitrification reaction Agent storehouse is connected by pipeline with the smoke reaction tower, the high-temperature flue gas purification device and the indirect heating drying device It is connected, the indirect heating drying device is connected with air-introduced machine and chimney, and the rubbish curing drainage bin, percolate evaporation are dense Odorous gas in contracting device and indirect heating drying device is connect by pipeline with the biologic packing material deodoriser, the biology Filler deodoriser is connected with the plasma deodoriser and straight-through blowdown stack.
2. the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Carbonization gasified boiler is that 2-4 group is in parallel to be run stage by stage.
3. the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: institute The cylindrical body that carbonization gasified boiler is upper and lower covers is stated, furnace body is the jacket structured of double-layer plate composition, cooling for furnace wall in collet With softening recirculated water.
4. the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: institute The rubbish curing drainage bin stated is the environment of integrally closed, the rubbish point of the inlet including storing space, in storing space Pick mechanism, rubbish turns over and throws grab bucket, closed light-transmitting double-layer glass-top layer, hot water radiator system, leachate collection system and foul smell Collection system.
5. the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: institute The percolate evaporation concentrator stated is pump type heat evaporator, carries out percolate using the high-temperature flue gas that dual firing chamber's high-temperature oxydation obtains Evaporation and concentration.
6. the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: institute The indirect heating drying device stated is the garbage dewatering device of jacket type structure, is purified medium temperature flue gas, collet on the outside of collet Inside is the house refuse for needing further to strengthen dehydration.
7. the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: institute The secondary combustion chamber stated carries out placement layer by layer using high temperature resistant refractory material and low-density heat insulating refractory material, and flue gas tangentially into Enter secondary combustion chamber.
8. the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: institute The smoke reaction tower stated is cylindrical tower body, and generally high temperature resistant, erosion-resisting castable carries out one-piece casting.
9. the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: institute The high-temperature flue gas purification device stated is the high temperature resistant flue gas cleaner of more case parallel-connection structures, and core material is your polynary gold of appendix The ceramic filter material of metal catalyst；The biologic packing material deodoriser is to use plastic filler ring, sawdust, crushing straw, husk Biomass is the microbe stuffing reactor of carrier, and microorganism therein is using biomass membrane as carrier；The plasma deodorization Device is high voltage direct current plasma integrated deodorization equipment.
10. using the method for the disposal system of high-temperature oxydation after house refuse destructive gasifying described in claim 1, at batch Reason: include the following steps:
(1), refuse-unloading to rubbish is cured drainage bin by garbage collecting and transferring vehicle；House refuse is cured in rubbish to be received too in drainage bin It is positive to carry out fermentation dehydration with gasification furnace jacket water (J.W.) bring thermal energy；During temporary, rubbish is carried out using garbage grab bucket and is turned over It throws, strengthens house refuse and air carries out the mass transfer of moisture, and realizing the partially dehydrated of rubbish under self-gravity action；Rubbish After curing drainage bin temporary dehydration 5-7 days, house refuse is able to achieve the effect of dehydration 15%-30%；
(2), the rubbish in rubbish curing drainage bin will generate percolate during the dehydration process, and landfill leachate passes through pipeline To percolate evaporation concentrator, dehydration is evaporated using back segment high-temperature flue gas；It is remaining dense after moisture removal in percolate Organic acid/alicyclic organic in liquid and sludge containing high concentration, calorific value with higher；This part dope/sludge comes back to dry Change and distillation system carries out harmlessness disposing；
(3), house refuse, dehydration percolate dope and sludge enter destructive gasifying stokehold, into indirect heating drying device into The further dehydration of row；Dewatered house refuse moisture content will be less than 25%, and refuse thermal value will be greater than 1500kcal/kg；
(4), the house refuse after indirect heating drying and other treatment is delivered to the top of carbonization gasified boiler by cast hopper, via upper The loitering phase that lid feeds intake into carbonization gasified boiler, into before refuse disposal operation；Implemented by multiple carbonization gasified boiler parallel connections dry Gasification disposition is evaporated, after the carbonization gasified boiler wait dispose the stage completes rubbish destructive distillation disposition therein, the carbonization gas to the operation phase The operation phase will be switched by changing furnace；
(5), the rubbish carbonization gas that carbonization gasified boiler generates carries out high temperature oxidation process by pipeline to secondary combustion chamber；Rubbish Rubbish carbonization gas tangentially enters secondary combustion chamber by conduction pipe, and turbulivity with higher is cooperated the mistake of 1.1-1.3 by flue gas Surplus air coefficient carries out the supply of auxiliary air, and destructive distillation flue gas stops super in the case where secondary combustion chamber is more than 850 DEG C of hot environment After spending 2 seconds, organic substance therein is fully oxidized destruction；
(6), the high-temperature flue gas of secondary combustion chamber is via pipeline to percolate evaporation concentrator, by wherein 450 DEG C or more Flue gas enthalpy is released to percolate evaporation concentrator, and landfill leachate is made to realize dehydration concentration/desiccation；
(7), the high-temperature flue gas after the heat exchange of percolate evaporation concentrator enters smoke reaction tower, after flue gas enters smoke reaction tower, The flow velocity of flue gas will slow down, and the residence time can lengthen；In smoke reaction tower the flue gas of medium temperature and the active carbon tangentially entered, disappear Lime and denitrogenation reducing agent are sufficiently mixed；Acidic materials in flue gas by calcium hydroxide neutralization reaction, lived by heavy metal substance Property charcoal absorption, nitrogen oxides is sufficiently mixed with denitrogenation reducing agent；
(8), the flue gas of smoke reaction tower outlet carries out fume cleaning by pipeline to high temperature flue gas cleaner；Disappearing after reaction Lime, active carbon will be filtered out in clarifier together with the particulate matter in flue gas；Nitrogen oxides in flue gas is restored in denitrogenation Elimination is reduced under the action of agent and catalyst；
(9), the medium temperature flue gas by purified treatment enters indirect heating drying device, the heat source being further dehydrated as rubbish；? The flue gas of medium temperature will be rapidly reduced to 150 DEG C -200 DEG C in indirect heating drying device；
(10), the flue gas to cool down rapidly is completed by indirect heating drying device and finally carries out qualified discharge via air-introduced machine and chimney.
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