CN111282951A - Landfill stale refuse treatment system and method - Google Patents
Landfill stale refuse treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111282951A CN111282951A CN201911371829.1A CN201911371829A CN111282951A CN 111282951 A CN111282951 A CN 111282951A CN 201911371829 A CN201911371829 A CN 201911371829A CN 111282951 A CN111282951 A CN 111282951A
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/58—Construction or demolition [C&D] waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a landfill stale refuse treatment system and method, and belongs to the technical field of domestic refuse treatment. The system comprises a separation platform, a combustible garbage treatment system and a sludge treatment system, wherein the separation platform comprises a feeding machine, a magnetic separator I, a manual separation table, a crusher I, a rotary screen I, a dryer I, a bounce screen, a magnetic separator II and a winnowing machine system, part of large construction garbage and metal are separated through the rotary screen I, the remainder enters the bounce screen to be subjected to secondary separation, the metal and sludge such as small copper, aluminum, iron and the like are separated, the remainder is conveyed to the winnowing machine through a belt to be subjected to tertiary separation, combustible garbage is separated, the combustible garbage is gasified through the combustible garbage treatment system and converted into combustible gas, and the sludge is converted into building bricks through the sludge treatment system. The invention realizes the resource utilization of the aged refuse and the mixed domestic refuse in the landfill.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage, in particular to a landfill stale garbage treatment system and a landfill stale garbage treatment method.
Background
At present, most of cities in China mainly rely on landfill for solving the method of domestic garbage outgoing, but the garbage treatment of a landfill site still has a plurality of problems, the garbage for treating the landfill site is mainly to transport the garbage to an incineration plant, the transportation cost is high, and penetrating fluid in the transportation process can pollute the environment; in a selected disposal site, the garbage is treated by seepage prevention, paving, compaction and covering, and the landfill biogas and leachate are treated. The landfill leachate is sewage formed by leaching water generated by decomposing organic matters in the garbage and free water, precipitation and infiltrated underground water in the garbage in the landfill process; the water quality varies significantly depending on the composition of the waste, the local climate, the hydrogeology, the time of landfill, the manner of landfill, and other factors.
When landfill leachate is treated, the landfill leachate has complex components, large water quality and water quantity change, high pollutant concentration and large treatment difficulty, and the main treatment methods comprise a biological treatment method, a physicochemical treatment method and a land treatment method. And the landfill leachate is treated by one method alone, which is difficult to meet the discharge requirement, a combined process of a plurality of methods is needed, and the treatment process is extremely complex.
The garbage leachate can pollute underground water and soil, simultaneously, odor generated by stacking the garbage seriously influences the air quality around a field, and methane gas generated by garbage fermentation is not only a fire hazard and an explosion hidden danger, but also can generate a greenhouse effect when being discharged into the atmosphere. Therefore, the area having a linear distance of 800m around the landfill site cannot be used as a cultivated land or a construction land.
The content of inorganic substances such as sand, soil, glass and the like in the urban domestic mixed garbage is high, the water content is high, the content of combustible substances such as waste paper and the like is low, the content of kitchen garbage is high, the water content is high, the garbage is mixed and collected, so that the garbage components are complicated, variable and uneven, and the garbage components fluctuate greatly along with seasons. Because the content of organic matters and the water content in the household garbage are often as high as 50-60%, the yield of leachate is large, the concentration is high, few landfill sites can meet the requirement that the leachate is treated to reach the standard and discharged or is sent to an urban sewage treatment plant for treatment and then reaches the standard and discharged, pollution accidents that surface water is polluted by underground water continuously occur, toxic and harmful gases emitted by the garbage are scattered to the periphery to form aerial, peripheral and underground three-dimensional pollution, and methane explosion accidents are easily caused, so that tragedy is caused to people, livestock and ecological environments.
At present, the treatment of old garbage or urban domestic mixed garbage in a landfill site needs to be transferred to a specific site for specific treatment, the treatment difficulty is high, and penetrating fluid in the transfer process generates pollution, so that the on-site resource utilization is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a landfill stale refuse treatment system, which separates landfill stale refuse into sludge and combustible refuse through a separation platform, the sludge is treated by a sludge treatment system to be resourced into building bricks, the combustible refuse is subjected to resource utilization of combustible gas by the combustible refuse treatment system, and the combustible gas is used as fuel to be conveyed to the sludge treatment system for use, so that the resource utilization of the landfill stale refuse is realized, and the problem of environment and land reutilization is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the landfill stale refuse treatment system comprises a separation platform, a combustible refuse treatment system and a sludge treatment system, wherein the combustible refuse output end of the separation platform is communicated with the feed end of the combustible refuse treatment system, and the sludge output end of the separation platform is communicated with the feed end of the sludge brick making system.
The sorting platform comprises a feeding machine, a magnetic separator I, a manual sorting table, a crusher I, a rotary screen I, a dryer I, a bouncing screen, a magnetic separator II and a winnowing machine system,
the material loading machine passes through conveyer belt and I intercommunication of magnet separator, the non-magnetic separation material exit end of magnet separator I passes through conveyer belt and artifical sorting deck intercommunication, the exit end of artifical sorting deck passes through the conveyer belt and the feed end intercommunication of breaker I, the discharge end of breaker I passes through the conveyer belt and the feed end intercommunication of drum sieve I, the discharge end of drum sieve I is passed through the conveyer belt and is linked together with the feed end of desiccator I, the discharge end of desiccator I and the feed end intercommunication of bounce sieve, the mud discharge end of bounce sieve passes through the conveyer belt and the feed end intercommunication of magnet separator II, the mud discharge end and the sludge processing system intercommunication of magnet separator II, the organic matter class rubbish discharge end of bounce sieve passes through the conveyer belt and the feed end intercommunication of air separator system, the combustible material discharge end and the combustible material rubbish processing system intercommunication of air separator system.
Further, the air separator system comprises a first-stage air separator, a second-stage air separator and a third-stage air separator, and the first-stage air separator, the second-stage air separator and the third-stage air separator are communicated in sequence.
The combustible waste treatment system comprises a crusher II, a dryer II, a gasification furnace and a dual-mode gas storage tank,
the combustible material discharge end of air separator system passes through the conveyer belt and feeds through with the feed end of breaker II, the feed end of conveyer belt and desiccator II is passed through to the discharge end of breaker II feeds through, the feed inlet on conveyer belt and gasifier top is passed through to the discharge end of desiccator II, pipeline and bimodulus gas holder are passed through in the gas outlet of gasifier, bimodulus gas holder pass through the pipeline respectively with sludge treatment system's gas entry, the gas entry of desiccator I and the gas entry intercommunication of desiccator II, bimodulus gas holder passes through the gas entry of the external gas power generation system of pipeline.
The combustible waste treatment system further comprises an eddy current separator I and an eddy current separator II, wherein the undersize discharge end of the drum screen I is communicated with the feed end of the eddy current separator I through a conveyor belt, and the sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator I is communicated with the sludge inlet end of the sludge treatment system; the non-magnetic material discharge end of the magnetic separator II is communicated with the feed end of the eddy current separator II through a conveyor belt, and the sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator II is communicated with the sludge inlet end of the sludge treatment system.
The sludge treatment system comprises a feeder I, a feeder II, a crusher III, a rotary screen II, a roller type fine crusher, a double-shaft mixer, an aging warehouse, a feeder III, a fine crushing double-roller machine, a double-shaft stirring extruder, a two-stage vacuum extruder, a blank cutting and slitting machine, a drying kiln and a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, wherein the sludge discharge end of an eddy current separator I is communicated with the feed end of the feeder I, the sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator II is communicated with the feed end of the feeder II, the output end of the feeder II is communicated with the feed end of the crusher III, the discharge end of the crusher III is communicated with the feed end of the rotary screen II through a conveyor belt, the oversize material discharge end of the rotary screen II is communicated with the feed end of the crusher III through a conveyor belt, the discharge end of the feeder I is communicated with the feed end of the roller type fine crusher, the undersize material discharge end of the rotary screen II is communicated with the feed end of the, the discharge end of the roller-type fine crusher is communicated with the feed end of the double-shaft stirrer through a conveyor belt, the discharge end of the double-shaft stirrer is communicated with an aging warehouse through a conveyor belt, the aging warehouse is communicated with the feed end of the fine crushing double-roller stirrer through a feeder III, the conveyor belt is communicated with the feed end of the fine crushing double-roller stirrer, the discharge end of the fine crushing double-roller stirrer is sequentially communicated with the double-shaft stirring extruder through the conveyor belt, the two-stage vacuum extruder is communicated with the feed end of a blank cutting and slitting machine, the discharge end of the blank cutting and slitting machine is communicated with the feed end of a drying kiln, the discharge end of the drying kiln is communicated with the feed end of a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, a flue gas outlet of the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln is communicated with a flue gas inlet of the drying kiln through a flue gas pipeline, and a fuel gas inlet.
Furthermore, a reversible material distributing machine is arranged at the feed end of the aging warehouse, an excavator is further arranged in the aging warehouse, and an excavator bucket of the excavator is communicated with the feed end of the feeder III.
Further, the sludge treatment system further comprises an automatic setting machine, a tractor and a bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher, wherein the discharge end of the blank cutting and slitting machine is communicated with the feed end of the automatic setting machine, the discharge end of the automatic setting machine is communicated with the setting surface of the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher, the tractor is connected with the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher, the bottom ends of wheels of the tractor and the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher are provided with rails, and the rails sequentially penetrate through the drying kiln and the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln.
The method for treating the aged refuse in the landfill adopts a landfill aged refuse treatment system and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) conveying the stale refuse to a feeding machine of a sorting platform, feeding the stale refuse to a magnetic separator I, carrying out primary magnetic separation to recover magnetic substances, conveying nonmagnetic substances at the discharge end of the magnetic separator I to a manual sorting table, carrying out manual sorting to remove large stones and glass bottles, and conveying the nonmagnetic substances to a crusher I to carry out primary crushing until the particle size is not more than 10 cm;
(2) conveying the primarily crushed stale garbage to a drum sieve I for particle size screening to obtain oversize products and undersize products, and sorting and recovering metals from the undersize products by an eddy current sorting machine I; conveying oversize materials to a dryer I, drying until the water content is 60-70%, conveying to a bounce screen, sorting to obtain organic garbage and sludge, conveying the sludge to a magnetic separator II, performing magnetic separation to recover magnetic materials, conveying non-magnetic materials to an eddy current separator II, sorting to recover metals, and remaining sludge;
(3) conveying the organic garbage to a winnowing machine system to perform three-stage winnowing separation to obtain combustible materials, conveying the combustible materials to a crusher II to crush the combustible materials until the particle size is 3-5 cm, conveying the crushed combustible materials to a dryer II to dry the crushed combustible materials until the water content is 30%, conveying the dried combustible materials to a gasification furnace to perform gasification treatment to obtain combustible gas, conveying the combustible gas to a dual-mode gas storage tank through a gas pipeline, and conveying the dual-mode gas storage tank to a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, the dryer I and the dryer II through the gas pipeline respectively; the dual-mode gas storage tank conveys combustible gas to a gas power generation system through a gas pipeline for power generation, and heat energy is converted into electric energy;
(4) conveying sludge at a sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator II to a crusher III for crushing through a feeder II, conveying the crushed sludge to a drum screen II for particle size screening to obtain oversize products with the particle size larger than 3mm and undersize products with the particle size not larger than 3mm, and returning the oversize products with the particle size larger than 3mm to the crusher III for crushing; conveying undersize materials with the grain diameter not more than 3mm to a roller type fine crusher;
(5) conveying sludge at a sludge discharge end of an eddy current separator I into a roller type fine crusher through a feeder I, mixing and finely grinding the sludge with undersize with the particle size not more than 3mm to obtain a mixture A, conveying the mixture A into a double-shaft stirrer, and uniformly mixing the mixture A with water to obtain a mixture B;
(6) conveying the mixture B into an aging warehouse for weighing, continuously and uniformly distributing the material by using a reversible distributing machine, aging for 48-72 h after distributing, conveying the material into a feeder III by using an excavator for uniformly feeding the material, and finely crushing the material to a fine crushing double-roller machine until the particle size is not more than 2 mm;
(7) conveying the mixture after fine crushing to a double-shaft stirring extruder, uniformly mixing with water to obtain a mixture C, conveying the mixture C to a double-stage vacuum extruder, performing vacuum extrusion on mud strips in the double-stage vacuum extruder, cutting the mud strips through a blank cutting and slitting machine, and stacking the mud strips on a blank stacking surface of a bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher through an automatic blank stacking machine to obtain wet blanks;
(8) the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher drives into a drying kiln to dry and form a blank, the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher drives into a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln to roast and form the blank to obtain a finished brick, flue gas of the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln is conveyed into the drying kiln through a flue gas pipeline to dry and form the blank, and the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher drives out of the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, unloads and returns to carry out setting.
Further, the kiln top steam of the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln is conveyed to a double-shaft stirrer and/or a double-stage vacuum extruder through a steam pipeline to fumigate the mixture C.
Reaction principle in the gasifier:
the gas of the gasification producer is produced by mixing water vapor and air to form gasifying agent and then flowing through a hot fixed combustion bed, and the oxygen and steam contained in the air react with carbon in the fuel to produce CO and CO2,H2,CH4,C2H4,N2Isocomponent combustible gases;
the steam-carbon reaction is endothermic C + H2O→CO+H2
2C + O giving off heat when oxygen and carbon react2→2CO
Carbon monoxide reacts with steam: CO + H2O→CO2+H2
The gasification furnace is a downdraft gasification furnace, and the gasification furnace sequentially comprises a drying layer, a pyrolysis layer, an oxidation layer and a reduction layer from top to bottom.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the decayed garbage treatment system is built around a landfill, solves the problem of waste of homeland resources, can completely realize harmless and resource ultimate treatment of decayed household garbage, changes waste into valuable, and solves the problems that penetrating fluid pollutes the environment, occupies a large amount of land and the like;
(2) the aged refuse treatment system can treat mixed domestic refuse or aged mixed domestic refuse which is filled and buried, the aged refuse treatment system sorts out combustible refuse, the combustible is gasified and converted into combustible gas with high heat value, no sewage and smoke are discharged in the gasification process, the generated ash is inorganic ash, the system does not belong to dangerous waste, and the system can be used for paving, building and brick making industries to realize complete recycling;
(3) the stale refuse treatment system can solve the problem of difficult crushing of mixed refuse caused by different winding, hardness and dryness in the crushing process, and has the advantages of higher temperature, oxygen deficiency and NO reduction in the gasification processxThe generation amount of (nitrogen oxide) is very small, and NO can be effectively controlledxDischarging of (3);
(4) the stale refuse treatment system adopts a combustible gas mode to provide heat to sinter sludge into bricks, and utilizes the waste heat of the roasting kiln to dry wet blanks, so that the demand of external fuel is less;
(5) the combustible gas generated by the stale refuse treatment system can completely replace natural gas to provide heat for the roasting kiln, and can also convey the fuel gas to a fuel gas power generation system to carry out fuel gas power generation and convert the fuel gas power generation into electric energy;
(6) the stale refuse treatment system has the advantages of small occupied area, high degree of mechanization, continuous production, no need of turnover in the middle and realization of complete recycling of stale refuse.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a stale refuse treatment system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sludge treatment system.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, the landfill stale refuse treatment system comprises a separation platform, a combustible refuse treatment system and a sludge treatment system, wherein a combustible refuse output end of the separation platform is communicated with a feed end of the combustible refuse treatment system, and a sludge output end of the separation platform is communicated with a feed end of a sludge brick making system;
the sorting platform comprises a feeding machine, a magnetic separator I, a manual sorting table, a crusher I, a rotary screen I, a dryer I, a bouncing screen, a magnetic separator II and a winnowing machine system,
the feeding machine is communicated with a magnetic separator I through a conveying belt, the non-magnetic separation material outlet end of the magnetic separator I is communicated with a manual separation table through the conveying belt, the outlet end of the manual separation table is communicated with the feed end of a crusher I through the conveying belt, the discharge end of the crusher I is communicated with the feed end of a drum screen I through the conveying belt, the oversize discharge end of the drum screen I is communicated with the feed end of a dryer I through the conveying belt, the discharge end of the dryer I is communicated with the feed end of a bounce screen, the sludge discharge end of the bounce screen is communicated with the feed end of a magnetic separator II through the conveying belt, the sludge discharge end of the magnetic separator II is communicated with a sludge treatment system, the organic matter type garbage discharge end of the bounce screen is communicated with the feed end of a winnowing machine system through the conveying belt, and the combustible material discharge end of the winnowing machine system;
the winnowing machine system comprises a primary winnowing machine, a secondary winnowing machine and a tertiary winnowing machine, and the primary winnowing machine, the secondary winnowing machine and the tertiary winnowing machine are communicated in sequence;
the combustible waste treatment system comprises a crusher II, a dryer II, a gasification furnace and a dual-mode gas storage tank,
the combustible material discharge end of the winnowing machine system is communicated with the feed end of the crusher II through a conveyor belt, the discharge end of the crusher II is communicated with the feed end of the dryer II through the conveyor belt, the discharge end of the dryer II is communicated with the feed inlet at the top end of the gasification furnace through the conveyor belt, the gas outlet of the gasification furnace is communicated with the dual-mode gas storage tank through a pipeline, and the dual-mode gas storage tank is respectively communicated with the gas inlet of the sludge treatment system, the gas inlet of the dryer I and the gas inlet of the dryer II through pipelines; the dual-mode gas storage tank is externally connected with a gas inlet of a gas power generation system through a pipeline;
the combustible waste treatment system also comprises an eddy current separator I and an eddy current separator II, wherein the undersize discharge end of the drum screen I is communicated with the feed end of the eddy current separator I through a conveyor belt, and the sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator I is communicated with the sludge inlet end of the sludge treatment system; the discharge end of the nonmagnetic object of the magnetic separator II is communicated with the feed end of the eddy current separator II through a conveyor belt, and the sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator II is communicated with the sludge inlet end of the sludge treatment system;
the sludge treatment system comprises a feeder I, a feeder II, a crusher III, a rotary screen II, a roller type fine crusher, a double-shaft mixer, an aging warehouse, a feeder III, a fine crushing double-roller machine, a double-shaft stirring extruder, a two-stage vacuum extruder, a blank cutting and slitting machine, a drying kiln and a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, wherein the sludge discharge end of an eddy current separator I is communicated with the feed end of the feeder I, the sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator II is communicated with the feed end of the feeder II, the output end of the feeder II is communicated with the feed end of the crusher III, the discharge end of the crusher III is communicated with the feed end of the rotary screen II through a conveyor belt, the oversize material discharge end of the rotary screen II is communicated with the feed end of the crusher III through a conveyor belt, the discharge end of the feeding machine I is communicated with the feed end of the roller type fine crusher, the undersize material discharge end of the rotary screen II is communicated with the feed end, the discharge end of the roller type fine crusher is communicated with the feed end of the double-shaft stirrer through a conveyor belt, the discharge end of the double-shaft stirrer is communicated with an aging warehouse through the conveyor belt, the aging warehouse is communicated with the feed end of the fine crushing double-roller machine through a feeder III and the conveyor belt, the discharge end of the fine crushing double-roller machine is sequentially communicated with the double-shaft stirring extruder and the two-stage vacuum extruder through the conveyor belt, the discharge end of the two-stage vacuum extruder is communicated with the feed end of a blank cutting and slitting machine, the discharge end of the blank cutting and slitting machine is communicated with the feed end of a drying kiln, the discharge end of the drying kiln is communicated with the feed end of a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, a flue gas outlet of the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln is communicated with a flue gas inlet of the drying kiln through a flue gas pipeline, and a double-mode gas storage tank is;
a reversible material distributor is arranged at the feed end of the aging warehouse, an excavator is also arranged in the aging warehouse, and an excavator bucket of the excavator is communicated with the feed end of the feeder III;
preferably, the gasification furnace of the embodiment is a downdraft gasification furnace, and the gasification furnace sequentially comprises a drying layer, a pyrolysis layer, an oxidation layer and a reduction layer from top to bottom;
the uppermost layer of the gasification furnace is a drying zone, the material added from the top directly enters the drying zone, the material exchanges heat with hot gas products generated in the three reaction zones below the drying zone, so that the moisture in the raw material is evaporated, the temperature of the layer is 200-300 ℃, the products of the drying zone are dry materials and water vapor, the water vapor is discharged out of the gasification furnace along with the heat generated by the three reaction zones below the gasification furnace, and the dry materials fall into a pyrolysis layer;
the materials move downwards to enter a pyrolysis layer, the garbage is heated instantly, pyrolysis reaction occurs after the garbage is heated, most of the volatilization of the garbage is separated from the solid through the pyrolysis reaction, and the volatilization is basically finished at the temperature of 500-600 ℃, so that ash residues are remained. The main products of the pyrolysis layer are ash, hydrogen, water vapor, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, tar and other hydrocarbon substances;
residual ash after pyrolysis and a little air are violently reacted to release a large amount of heat, because of limited oxygen combustion, the supply of oxygen is insufficient, so that the incomplete combustion reaction is simultaneously carried out to generate carbon monoxide, and simultaneously, the heat is released, and the temperature of an oxidation layer reaches 1000 ℃; the combustion reaction is carried out on the oxide layer, and heat is released, so that a heat source is provided for the reduction reaction of the reduction layer, and the cracking and drying of materials; the hot gas (carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide) generated in the oxidation layer enters a reduction layer of the gasification furnace, and ash falls into an ash chamber at the lower part;
the reduction layer is free of oxygen, and carbon dioxide generated in the oxidation reaction is subjected to a reduction reaction with carbon and water vapor in the reduction layer to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Because the reduction reaction is an endothermic reaction, the temperature of the reduction layer is correspondingly reduced, and is about 600-800 ℃; the main products of the reduction layer are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, the gasification is actually accompanied by the drying and cracking process of fuel, and the main components of the gas produced at the outlet of the gasification furnace are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane, a very small amount of tar, other hydrocarbons, water vapor and a small amount of ash.
Example 2: the landfill stale refuse treatment system is basically the same as the landfill stale refuse treatment system in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the sludge treatment system also comprises an automatic setting machine, a tractor and a bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher, wherein the discharge end of the blank cutting and slitting machine is communicated with the feed end of the automatic setting machine, the discharge end of the automatic setting machine is communicated with the setting surface of the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher, the tractor is connected with the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher, the bottom ends of wheels of the tractor and the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher are provided with tracks, and the tracks sequentially pass through a drying kiln and a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln (see figure 2);
the dryer I and the dryer II are both gas three-rotary-drum dryers;
the feeding machine I and the feeding machine III are box-type feeding machines, the feeding machine II is a plate-type feeding machine, and the crusher III is a hammer crusher;
the blanking of the aging warehouse adopts uniform cloth on a reversible cloth machine to fully utilize the space of the aging warehouse, and the material is aged, so that the moisture in the material has enough time to perform permeation exchange with particles, and the various comprehensive properties of the uniformity, the liquid plasticity and the like of the raw material are further improved, so as to meet the process requirements of ensuring the working procedures of molding, drying, roasting and the like, and further improve the quality of the product; and reduce the wearing and tearing of equipment, reduce the maintenance, prolong life-span.
Example 3: the method for treating the aged refuse in the landfill adopts a landfill aged refuse treatment system and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) conveying the stale refuse to a feeding machine of a sorting platform, feeding the stale refuse to a magnetic separator I, carrying out primary magnetic separation to recover magnetic substances, conveying nonmagnetic substances at the discharge end of the magnetic separator I to a manual sorting table, carrying out manual sorting to remove large stones and glass bottles, and conveying the nonmagnetic substances to a crusher I to carry out primary crushing until the particle size is not more than 10 cm;
(2) conveying the primarily crushed stale garbage to a drum sieve I for particle size screening to obtain oversize products and undersize products, and sorting and recovering metals from the undersize products by an eddy current sorting machine I; conveying oversize materials to a dryer I, drying until the water content is 60-70%, conveying to a bounce screen, sorting to obtain organic garbage and sludge, conveying the sludge to a magnetic separator II, performing magnetic separation to recover magnetic materials, conveying non-magnetic materials to an eddy current separator II, sorting to recover metals, and remaining sludge;
(3) conveying the organic garbage to a winnowing machine system to perform three-stage winnowing separation to obtain combustible materials, conveying the combustible materials to a crusher II to crush the combustible materials until the particle size is 3-5 cm, conveying the crushed combustible materials to a dryer II to dry the crushed combustible materials until the water content is 30%, conveying the dried combustible materials to a gasification furnace to perform gasification treatment to obtain combustible gas, conveying the combustible gas to a dual-mode gas storage tank through a gas pipeline, and conveying the dual-mode gas storage tank to a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, the dryer I and the dryer II through the gas pipeline respectively; the dual-mode gas storage tank conveys combustible gas to a gas power generation system through a gas pipeline for power generation, and heat energy is converted into electric energy;
(4) conveying sludge at a sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator II to a crusher III for crushing through a feeder II, conveying the crushed sludge to a drum screen II for particle size screening to obtain oversize products with the particle size larger than 3mm and undersize products with the particle size not larger than 3mm, and returning the oversize products with the particle size larger than 3mm to the crusher III for crushing; conveying undersize materials with the grain diameter not more than 3mm to a roller type fine crusher;
(5) conveying sludge at a sludge discharge end of an eddy current separator I into a roller type fine crusher through a feeder I, mixing and finely grinding the sludge with undersize with the particle size not more than 3mm to obtain a mixture A, conveying the mixture A into a double-shaft stirrer, and uniformly mixing the mixture A with water to obtain a mixture B;
(6) conveying the mixture B into an aging warehouse for weighing, continuously and uniformly distributing the material by using a reversible distributing machine, aging for 48-72 h after distributing, conveying the material into a feeder III by using an excavator for uniformly feeding the material, and finely crushing the material to a fine crushing double-roller machine until the particle size is not more than 2 mm;
(7) conveying the mixture after fine crushing to a double-shaft stirring extruder, uniformly mixing with water to obtain a mixture C, conveying the mixture C to a double-stage vacuum extruder, performing vacuum extrusion on mud strips in the double-stage vacuum extruder, cutting the mud strips through a blank cutting and slitting machine, and stacking the mud strips on a blank stacking surface of a bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher through an automatic blank stacking machine to obtain wet blanks;
(8) the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher is driven into a drying kiln to dry and form a blank, the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher is driven into a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln to roast and form the blank to obtain a finished brick, flue gas of the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln is conveyed into the drying kiln through a flue gas pipeline to dry and form the blank, and the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher is driven out of the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, unloaded and returned to carry out setting;
preferably, the kiln top steam of the biogas tunnel roasting kiln is conveyed to the double-shaft stirrer and/or the double-stage vacuum extruder through a steam pipeline to fumigate the mixture C.
The invention discloses a method for treating aged refuse in a landfill by using a aged refuse treatment system of the landfill, which comprises the following steps: based on the mass of the household garbage as 100 percent, 1 percent of metal such as iron, aluminum and the like, 6 percent of large aggregate (stone) and 28 percent of sludge can be recovered from the household garbage and can be converted into combustible 65 percent of combustible gas; the combustible dry material per ton produces 1500 cubic meters of combustible gas, and the fuel value of the combustible gas per cubic meter reaches 1500 kilocalories.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. Old and useless refuse treatment system of landfill, its characterized in that: the system comprises a separation platform, a combustible garbage treatment system and a sludge treatment system, wherein the combustible garbage output end of the separation platform is communicated with the feed end of the combustible garbage treatment system, and the sludge output end of the separation platform is communicated with the feed end of a sludge brick making system.
2. The landfill stale refuse treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the sorting platform comprises a feeding machine, a magnetic separator I, a manual sorting table, a crusher I, a rotary screen I, a dryer I, a bouncing screen, a magnetic separator II and a winnowing machine system,
the material loading machine passes through conveyer belt and I intercommunication of magnet separator, the non-magnetic separation material exit end of magnet separator I passes through conveyer belt and artifical sorting deck intercommunication, the exit end of artifical sorting deck passes through the conveyer belt and the feed end intercommunication of breaker I, the discharge end of breaker I passes through the conveyer belt and the feed end intercommunication of drum sieve I, the discharge end of drum sieve I is passed through the conveyer belt and is linked together with the feed end of desiccator I, the discharge end of desiccator I and the feed end intercommunication of bounce sieve, the mud discharge end of bounce sieve passes through the conveyer belt and the feed end intercommunication of magnet separator II, the mud discharge end and the sludge processing system intercommunication of magnet separator II, the organic matter class rubbish discharge end of bounce sieve passes through the conveyer belt and the feed end intercommunication of air separator system, the combustible material discharge end and the combustible material rubbish processing system intercommunication of air separator system.
3. The landfill stale refuse treatment system according to claim 2, wherein: the winnowing machine system comprises a primary winnowing machine, a secondary winnowing machine and a tertiary winnowing machine, and the primary winnowing machine, the secondary winnowing machine and the tertiary winnowing machine are communicated in sequence.
4. The landfill stale refuse treatment system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the combustible waste treatment system comprises a crusher II, a dryer II, a gasification furnace and a dual-mode gas storage tank;
the combustible material discharge end of air separator system passes through the conveyer belt and feeds through with the feed end of breaker II, the feed end of conveyer belt and desiccator II is passed through to the discharge end of breaker II feeds through, the feed inlet on conveyer belt and gasifier top is passed through to the discharge end of desiccator II, pipeline and bimodulus gas holder are passed through in the gas outlet of gasifier, bimodulus gas holder pass through the pipeline respectively with sludge treatment system's gas entry, the gas entry of desiccator I and the gas entry intercommunication of desiccator II, bimodulus gas holder passes through the gas entry of the external gas power generation system of pipeline.
5. The landfill stale refuse treatment system according to claim 4, wherein: the device also comprises an eddy current separator I and an eddy current separator II, wherein the undersize discharge end of the drum screen I is communicated with the feed end of the eddy current separator I through a conveyor belt, and the sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator I is communicated with the sludge inlet end of a sludge treatment system; the non-magnetic material discharge end of the magnetic separator II is communicated with the feed end of the eddy current separator II through a conveyor belt, and the sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator II is communicated with the sludge inlet end of the sludge treatment system.
6. The landfill stale refuse treatment system according to claim 4, wherein: the sludge treatment system comprises a feeder I, a feeder II, a crusher III, a rotary screen II, a roller type fine crusher, a double-shaft mixer, an aging warehouse, a feeder III, a fine crushing double-roller machine, a double-shaft stirring extruder, a two-stage vacuum extruder, a blank cutting and slitting machine, a drying kiln and a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, wherein the sludge discharge end of an eddy current separator I is communicated with the feed end of the feeder I, the sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator II is communicated with the feed end of the feeder II, the output end of the feeder II is communicated with the feed end of the crusher III, the discharge end of the crusher III is communicated with the feed end of the rotary screen II through a conveyor belt, the oversize material discharge end of the rotary screen II is communicated with the feed end of the crusher III through a conveyor belt, the discharge end of the feeding machine I is communicated with the feed end of the roller type fine crusher, the undersize material discharge end of the rotary screen II is communicated with the feed end, the discharge end of the roller-type fine crusher is communicated with the feed end of the double-shaft stirrer through a conveyor belt, the discharge end of the double-shaft stirrer is communicated with an aging warehouse through a conveyor belt, the aging warehouse is communicated with the feed end of the fine crushing double-roller stirrer through a feeder III, the conveyor belt is communicated with the feed end of the fine crushing double-roller stirrer, the discharge end of the fine crushing double-roller stirrer is sequentially communicated with the double-shaft stirring extruder through the conveyor belt, the two-stage vacuum extruder is communicated with the feed end of a blank cutting and slitting machine, the discharge end of the blank cutting and slitting machine is communicated with the feed end of a drying kiln, the discharge end of the drying kiln is communicated with the feed end of a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, a flue gas outlet of the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln is communicated with a flue gas inlet of the drying kiln through a flue gas pipeline, and a fuel gas inlet.
7. The landfill stale refuse treatment system according to claim 6, wherein: the feeding end of the aging warehouse is provided with a reversible material distributor, the aging warehouse is also provided with an excavator, and an excavator bucket of the excavator is communicated with the feeding end of the feeder III.
8. The landfill stale refuse treatment system according to claim 6, wherein: the automatic setting and conveying device comprises a blank cutting and cutting machine, a bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher, a tractor and a bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher, wherein the discharge end of the blank cutting and cutting machine is communicated with the feed end of the automatic setting machine, the discharge end of the automatic setting machine is communicated with the setting surface of the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher, the tractor is connected with the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher, rails are arranged at the bottom ends of wheels of the tractor and the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher, and the rails sequentially penetrate through a drying kiln and a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln.
9. The landfill stale refuse treatment method is characterized in that a landfill stale refuse treatment system is adopted, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) conveying the stale refuse to a feeding machine of a sorting platform, feeding the stale refuse to a magnetic separator I, carrying out primary magnetic separation to recover magnetic substances, conveying nonmagnetic substances at the discharge end of the magnetic separator I to a manual sorting table, carrying out manual sorting to remove large stones and glass bottles, and conveying the nonmagnetic substances to a crusher I to carry out primary crushing until the particle size is not more than 10 cm;
(2) conveying the primarily crushed stale garbage to a drum sieve I for particle size screening to obtain oversize products and undersize products, and sorting and recovering metals from the undersize products by an eddy current sorting machine I; conveying oversize materials to a dryer I, drying until the water content is 50%, conveying to a bounce screen, sorting to obtain organic garbage and sludge, conveying the sludge to a magnetic separator II, performing magnetic separation to recover magnetic substances, conveying nonmagnetic substances to a vortex separator II, sorting to recover metals, and remaining sludge;
(3) conveying the organic garbage to a winnowing machine system to perform three-stage winnowing separation to obtain combustible materials, conveying the combustible materials to a crusher II to crush the combustible materials until the particle size is 3-5 cm, conveying the crushed combustible materials to a dryer II to dry the crushed combustible materials until the water content is 30%, conveying the dried combustible materials to a gasification furnace to perform gasification treatment to obtain combustible gas, conveying the combustible gas to a dual-mode gas storage tank through a gas pipeline, and conveying the dual-mode gas storage tank to a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, the dryer I and the dryer II through the gas pipeline respectively; the dual-mode gas storage tank conveys combustible gas to a gas power generation system through a gas pipeline for power generation, and residual heat energy is converted into electric energy;
(4) conveying sludge at a sludge discharge end of the eddy current separator II to a crusher III for crushing through a feeder II, conveying the crushed sludge to a drum screen II for particle size screening to obtain oversize products with the particle size larger than 3mm and undersize products with the particle size not larger than 3mm, and returning the oversize products with the particle size larger than 3mm to the crusher III for crushing; conveying undersize materials with the grain diameter not more than 3mm to a roller type fine crusher;
(5) conveying sludge at a sludge discharge end of an eddy current separator I into a roller type fine crusher through a feeder I, mixing and finely grinding the sludge with undersize with the particle size not more than 3mm to obtain a mixture A, conveying the mixture A into a double-shaft stirrer, and uniformly mixing the mixture A with water to obtain a mixture B;
(6) conveying the mixture B into an aging warehouse for weighing, continuously and uniformly distributing the material by using a reversible distributing machine, aging for 48-72 h after distributing, conveying the material into a feeder III by using an excavator for uniformly feeding the material, and finely crushing the material to a fine crushing double-roller machine until the particle size is not more than 2 mm;
(7) conveying the mixture after fine crushing to a double-shaft stirring extruder, uniformly mixing with water to obtain a mixture C, conveying the mixture C to a double-stage vacuum extruder, performing vacuum extrusion on mud strips in the double-stage vacuum extruder, cutting the mud strips through a blank cutting and slitting machine, and stacking the mud strips on a blank stacking surface of a bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher through an automatic blank stacking machine to obtain wet blanks;
(8) the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher drives into a drying kiln to dry and form a blank, the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher drives into a combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln to roast and form the blank to obtain a finished brick, flue gas of the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln is conveyed into the drying kiln through a flue gas pipeline to dry and form the blank, and the bidirectional push-pull ferry pusher drives out of the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln, unloads and returns to carry out setting.
10. The method for disposing the stale refuse in the landfill according to claim 9, wherein: and conveying the kiln top steam of the combustible gas tunnel roasting kiln to a double-shaft stirrer and/or a double-stage vacuum extruder through a steam pipeline to fumigate the mixture C.
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| CN115307147A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-08 | 光大环境科技（中国）有限公司 | Stale refuse coupling household refuse treatment device and method |
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