CN108811573B - Salinized land salt collecting equipment - Google Patents
Salinized land salt collecting equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108811573B CN108811573B CN201810243513.3A CN201810243513A CN108811573B CN 108811573 B CN108811573 B CN 108811573B CN 201810243513 A CN201810243513 A CN 201810243513A CN 108811573 B CN108811573 B CN 108811573B
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- salt
- soil
- vacuum
- crushing
- salinized
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Inorganic materials [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
- B02C21/02—Transportable disintegrating plant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
- B02C23/20—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy after crushing or disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
- B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to salinized land salt collecting equipment. The salinized land salt collecting device comprises a frame, a stripping device, a suction device, a crushing and screening device and a winnowing and separating device, wherein the stripping device, the suction device, the crushing and screening device and the winnowing and separating device are sequentially arranged on the frame along a material moving path; the stripping device is used for stripping the soil surface layer of the earth surface, the suction device is used for collecting and conveying the stripped soil surface layer to the crushing and screening device to be crushed into particles, and the winnowing separation device is used for screening the crushed particles and collecting salt. This salinized land salt collecting equipment can collect the gathering at salinized earth's surface salt, makes salinity and soil granule separation, and whole structure mechanized operation work efficiency is high, convenient to use, compact structure, simultaneously, avoided secondary pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to salinized land salt collecting equipment.
Background
The salinized soil area of China is 9913 ten thousand hectares (excluding coastal beach), and various salinized and alkalinized farmland are 760 ten thousand hectares, which occupy about one fifth of the total area of the farmland. Excessive salinization of soil directly damages plant growth, resulting in yield reduction and harvest failure until abandoned cultivation. Therefore, the land saline-alkali hazard is very serious, and the saline-alkali improvement is serious.
The saline-alkali soil is mostly distributed in the northern area of drought and less rain in China, the saline-alkali components in the area have complex composition, and the soil mainly takes inorganic salts rich in sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, chloride and the like as main components. Because of drought climate in northern areas, large surface evaporation capacity, high water source mineralization degree and shallow drip irrigation depth, the salt in the soil cultivation layer rises to the surface along with capillary water, and after the water is evaporated, the salt is accumulated on the soil surface layer and can be accumulated on the soil surface layer each year. At present, salt concentrated on the surface layer of the soil is transferred and discharged in an ectopic manner mainly through the technologies of flood irrigation and leaching, alkali drain digging, vertical shaft extraction, hidden pipe salt drain and the like, so that secondary pollution is easy to cause, and the salt is not discharged in a true sense.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide salinized land salt collection equipment, which solves the technical problem that solid mixed salt gathered on the saline-alkali land surface cannot be effectively collected in the related art.
The invention provides salinized land salt collection equipment, which comprises: the device comprises a frame, a stripping device, a suction device, a crushing and screening device and a winnowing separation device, wherein the stripping device, the suction device, the crushing and screening device and the winnowing separation device are sequentially arranged on the frame along a material moving path;
the stripping device is used for stripping the soil surface layer of the earth surface, the suction device is used for collecting and conveying the stripped soil surface layer to the crushing and screening device for crushing particles with consistent particle sizes, and the winnowing separation device is used for collecting salt after screening the crushed particles.
As a further technical scheme, the stripping device comprises a steel wire brush rolling and sweeping roller pivoted to the frame, and the steel wire brush rolling and sweeping roller is positioned in front of the suction device and used for driving the soil surface layer to move towards the suction device during rotation.
As a further technical scheme, a mud guard is covered above the steel wire brush rolling and sweeping roller.
As a further technical scheme, the suction device comprises a vacuum bin, a vacuum assembly and a suction pipe;
an air outlet is formed in the top of the vacuum bin, the bottom of the vacuum bin is inclined, and a discharge outlet which is in butt joint with the crushing and screening device is formed in the bottom of one side of the lower part of the vacuum bin;
the vacuum assembly is arranged below the air outlet so as to form a vacuum cavity in the vacuum bin;
one end of the suction pipe is arranged at the rear of the stripping device, and the other end of the suction pipe is communicated with the vacuum cavity.
As a further technical solution, the vacuum assembly includes a vacuum cleaner motor and a vacuum impeller, the vacuum impeller being disposed below and driven by the vacuum cleaner motor.
As a further technical scheme, an electric heater is arranged below the vacuum bin.
As a further technical scheme, the crushing and screening device comprises a coarse crusher, a screen and a coarse crusher motor;
the motor of the coarse crusher is in driving connection with the coarse crusher, and the screen is arranged at the discharge hole of the coarse crusher.
As a further technical scheme, the winnowing separation device comprises a centrifugal fan, a horizontal winnowing machine and a salt collecting tank, wherein the centrifugal fan is in driving connection with the horizontal winnowing machine;
the bottom of the horizontal winnowing machine is provided with a salt outlet and a soil outlet, and the salt collecting tank is arranged below the salt outlet.
As a further technical solution, the device further comprises a generator for providing electric power support for the stripping device, the suction device, the crushing and screening device and the winnowing separation device.
Compared with the prior art, the salinized land salt collecting equipment provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides salinized land salt collection equipment, which comprises: the device comprises a frame, a stripping device, a suction device, a crushing and screening device and a winnowing separation device, wherein the stripping device, the suction device, the crushing and screening device and the winnowing separation device are sequentially arranged on the frame along a material moving path, in operation, the stripping device strips a salinized soil surface layer firstly, the suction device primarily collects the stripped soil surface layer, the collected soil surface layer enters the crushing and screening device to be crushed to form particles with consistent particle size, the soil and the salt are separated through the winnowing separation device, and finally the separated salt is collected. The salinized land salt collecting equipment provided by the invention can separate the salt collected on the salinized land surface from soil particles, and has the advantages of high mechanical operation working efficiency, convenience in use, compact structure, capability of avoiding secondary pollution and convenience in improvement and utilization of the salinized land.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a salinized land salt collecting device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Icon: 1-a stripping device; 11-a steel wire brush winding and sweeping roller; 12-a mudguard; 2-a suction device; 21-a suction tube; 211-suction inlet; 212-stainless steel mesh; 22-vacuum chamber; 221-an electric heater; 23-vacuum impeller; 24-a vacuum cleaner motor; 25-an exhaust outlet; 3-crushing and screening device; 31-a coarse crusher; 32-a coarse crusher motor; 33-screen mesh; 4-winnowing separation device; 41-a horizontal winnowing machine; 42-centrifugal fan; 411-salt outlet; 412-soil outlet; 413-an exhaust filter screen; 43-a salt collection tank; a 5-generator; 6-wheels.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a salinized land salt collecting apparatus, which includes a frame, and a stripping device 1, a suction device 2, a crushing and screening device 3, and a wind separation device 4 sequentially disposed on the frame along a material moving path.
Wherein, stripping off device 1 is used for stripping off the soil top layer on earth's surface, and suction device 2 is used for collecting and conveying the soil top layer after stripping to crushing screening plant 3 and crushing into granule, and the separation by winnowing separator 4 is collected salt after separating the granule after the crushing.
The soil surface layer of the salinized soil is coagulated with a layer of salt, the salt is collected, and the salt cannot be directly collected. The salinized land salt collecting equipment provided by the embodiment adopts the principle of mixing collection and later screening.
Specifically, the surface layer of the soil condensed with salt is firstly peeled off from the ground by the peeling device 1, so that the preliminary collection by the following suction device 2 is facilitated. The suction device 2 creates negative pressure to collect the soil surface layer of the stripped land, at which time the soil surface layer initially collected by the suction device 2 is a mixture of soil and salt. Before screening, all the soil and salt are crushed by the crushing and screening device 3, so that the soil and the salt form the same particles with a certain size, and the accurate screening of the later-stage winnowing separation device 4 is facilitated. The soil discharge after fine screening by the winnowing separation device 4 returns to the land, and the screened salt is collected, so that the secondary pollution of the land caused by improper salt discharge is prevented.
It can be seen that the salinized land salt collecting equipment provided by the invention can separate precipitated salt collected on the salinized ground surface from soil particles, and the whole structure has the advantages of high mechanical operation working efficiency, convenience in use, compact structure and capability of avoiding secondary pollution.
It should be noted that, the salinized land salt collecting device provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the wheels 6, so that the supporting and moving capabilities of the whole device are provided, and the salinized land salt collecting device is convenient to move in work.
In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the stripping device 1 includes a wire brush rolling and sweeping roller 11 pivotally connected to the frame, and the wire brush rolling and sweeping roller 11 is located in front of the suction device 2 and is used for driving the soil surface layer to move towards the suction device 2 during rotation.
The wire brush rolling and sweeping roller 11 is provided with a cylindrical roller, brush teeth are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the roller, when the roller rotates around a pivot shaft, the brush teeth act on the soil surface to strip the soil surface, and due to the rotation of the roller, the rotation direction of the brush teeth is determined, centrifugal force can be applied to the stripped soil surface, so that the stripped soil surface is conveniently collected by the rear suction device 2.
The direction of rotation of the wire brush sweep roller 11 is determined so as to be capable of driving the soil surface layer to move toward the position of the suction device 2. With reference to the observation angle shown in fig. 1, when the wire brush rolling and sweeping roller 11 rotates anticlockwise, the wire brush rolling and sweeping roller can drive the soil surface layer to move towards the suction device 2.
Preferably, in order to prevent the dirt from splashing, a mud guard 12 is covered above the wire brush roll 11. The mud guard 12 is arranged around the wire brush roll 11, and the surrounding angle is larger than 180 degrees.
In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the suction device 2 includes a vacuum chamber, a vacuum assembly, and a suction inlet 211 tube; the top of the vacuum bin is provided with an air outlet 25, the bottom of the vacuum bin is inclined, and the bottom of one side positioned at the lower part is provided with a discharge outlet which is in butt joint with the crushing and screening device 3; the vacuum component is arranged below the air outlet 25 so as to form a vacuum cavity 22 in the vacuum bin; one end of the suction pipe 21 is provided at the rear of the peeling apparatus 1, and the other end communicates with the vacuum chamber 22.
The suction pipe 21 is disposed at one end of the rear of the peeling apparatus 1 to form a suction port 211, and the suction port 211 is specifically located at the rear of the wire brush roll 11, specifically, referring to fig. 1, the suction port 211 forms a certain angle with the ground, which is advantageous for the vacuum suction effect. The vacuum assembly forms a vacuum chamber 22 in the vacuum chamber, and negative pressure is formed at the suction inlet 211 to suck the soil surface peeled off by the wire brush sweep roller 11 into the vacuum chamber 22.
The suction port 211 is provided with a stainless steel mesh 212. The stainless steel mesh 212 helps to prevent larger rocks from entering the vacuum chamber 22 and damaging equipment.
The exhaust outlet 25 of the vacuum chamber is used for exhausting the air sucked in by the suction inlet 211. The bottom of the vacuum bin is inclined, the soil surface layer sucked into the vacuum cavity 22 falls on the bottom surface of the vacuum bin under the action of gravity after the speed of the soil surface layer is reduced, and the inclined bottom of the vacuum bin facilitates the soil surface layer to fall into the crushing and screening device 3 from the discharge hole.
Specifically, the vacuum assembly includes a cleaner motor 24, and a vacuum impeller 23, the vacuum impeller 23 being disposed below the cleaner motor 24 and driven by the cleaner motor 24.
The vacuum impeller 23 is rotated at a high speed by the driving of the vacuum motor 24 to discharge air in the vacuum chamber, and the vacuum chamber 22 is formed in the vacuum chamber so that a negative pressure is formed near the suction inlet 211 to suck the soil surface layer.
Here, the vacuum chamber, the vacuum cleaner motor 24 and the vacuum impeller 23 form a vertical vacuum cleaner, which is beneficial to efficient operation under a larger working load condition and effectively improves working efficiency.
As a preferred embodiment, an electric heater 221 is provided below the vacuum chamber in the present embodiment.
The soil surface layer falling into the vacuum chamber 22 comprises salt and soil, and after being heated by the electric heater 221 below the vacuum chamber 22, the soil components are quickly dried, so that the specific gravity of the soil components is reduced, the effect of salt soil separation is facilitated, and convenience is provided for later procedures.
In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the crushing and screening device 3 includes a coarse crusher 31, a screen 33, and a coarse crusher motor 32; the coarse crusher motor 32 is in driving connection with the coarse crusher 31, and the screen 33 is arranged at the discharge hole of the coarse crusher 31.
The dried soil and salt are discharged from the bottom of the vacuum bin and enter the coarse crusher 31, and the coarse crusher 31 works to crush the soil and the salt into uniform particles with a certain size under the drive of the motor 32 of the coarse crusher, so that the soil and the salt are convenient for later screening.
Specifically, the crushing operation of the coarse crusher 31 is performed by shearing between a fixed blade and a movable blade. Wherein, the stationary knife is fixed in the crushing room of coarse crusher 31, moves the sword activity and sets up crushing room, and coarse crusher motor 32 drive connection moves the sword, moves the sword and can rotate at a high speed under the drive of coarse crusher motor 32, forms the shearing station between rotatory movable knife and the stationary knife, smashes the soil top layer that will carry to crushing room.
The size of the particles formed by the pulverization can be controlled by adjusting the gap between the movable blade and the fixed blade.
The crushed soil and salt should have the same granularity and enter the winnowing separation device 4 through the discharge hole. In order to ensure that the particle size of the mixture of soil and salt entering the air separation unit 4 remains consistent, a screen 33 is provided at the location of the discharge opening. The sieving action of the sieve 33 causes the soil and the salt to be discharged from the discharge port, and the part which does not reach the required granularity is continuously sheared and crushed in the crushing chamber until reaching the required granularity, thereby being beneficial to the effect of separating the salt from the soil.
Preferably, the screen 33 is 10-20 mesh, so that the salt and soil components after pulverization can maintain a proper particle size.
The winnowing separation device 4 in at least one embodiment of the invention comprises a centrifugal fan 42, a horizontal winnowing machine 41 and a salt collecting tank 43, wherein the centrifugal fan 42 is in driving connection with the horizontal winnowing machine 41; the bottom of the horizontal winnowing machine 41 is provided with a salt outlet 411 and a soil outlet 412, and a salt collecting tank 43 is arranged below the salt outlet 411.
The centrifugal fan 42 is preferably controlled by a variable frequency speed regulator, and the effect of salt-soil separation is facilitated by adjusting the air quantity.
Specifically, the horizontal winnowing machine 41 is horizontally disposed, and is connected at one end to a centrifugal fan 42 and at the other end to a soil outlet 412. The density of salt is generally about 2.5-3.0g/cm due to the difference in specific gravity between the salt and the dried soil 3 The density of the soil is about 1.5g/cm 3 . Under the wind force of the centrifugal fan 42, salt and soil can move along the length direction of the horizontal winnowing machine 41, and the salt and the soil can respectively fall into different discharging positions of the horizontal winnowing machine 41 due to density difference between the salt and the soil.
The discharging position of the horizontal winnowing machine 41 in this embodiment is provided with a salt outlet 411 and a soil outlet 412, the salt outlet 411 corresponds to the salt collecting tank 43, the soil outlet 412 extends out of the frame, and the soil can be discharged onto the ground. The salt outlet 411 is provided on a side close to the centrifugal fan 42, and the soil outlet 412 is provided on a side close to the soil outlet 412. The air in the horizontal winnowing machine 41 is discharged from the soil outlet 412.
In at least one embodiment of the invention, the salinized soil salt collecting device further comprises a generator 5, wherein the generator 5 is used for providing power support for the stripping device 1, the suction device 2, the crushing and screening device 3 and the winnowing separation device 4.
Specifically, the wire brush roll sweeping roller 11, the dust collector motor 24, the electric heater 221, the coarse crusher motor 32 and the centrifugal fan 42 are all electric devices, and the generator 5 provides electric power support for the devices so as to start the operation.
Further, the salinized land salt collecting device provided by the embodiment of the invention is also provided with an electric control cabinet, a controller is arranged in the electric control cabinet, and the controller is connected with the variable frequency speed regulator so as to automatically regulate the air quantity of the centrifugal fan 42.
The control panel is also arranged on the electric control cabinet, so that the operation of staff is facilitated. In summary, any salinized land salt collection device provided by the invention has the following technical advantages:
1. the salt accumulated on the ground surface is collected in a mechanized mode, so that the working efficiency is improved, and the labor force is saved;
2. the collected salt is uniformly recovered and treated, so that secondary pollution is avoided;
3. by combining the high-ridge film covering measure, salt can be enriched in non-film covering areas among rows, the salt collecting efficiency is improved, and the salinized land is improved.
In addition, the invention adopts any salinized land salt collecting equipment provided by the embodiment to collect salt, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
and (3) preliminary collection: the stripping device 1 strips the surface layer of the salinized soil and collects the salinized soil by the suction device 2.
Specifically, the wire brush roll 11 rotates when in operation, and is used for stripping salt accumulated on the surface and a small amount of soil components below the salt layer from the surface. At this time, the stripped salt and soil are applied with centrifugal force by the wire brush sweep roller 11, sucked into the vacuum chamber 22 formed in the vacuum chamber through the suction pipe 21 by the vacuum assembly, and fall to the bottom of the vacuum chamber, heated by the electric heater 221, to dry the soil.
Crushing and screening: the crushing and screening device 3 crushes the mixture of salt and surface soil into particles with the same particle size;
specifically, the dried soil and salt are discharged from the bottom of the vacuum bin and enter the coarse crusher 31, the motor 32 of the coarse crusher drives the shearing action between the movable knife and the fixed knife rotating at medium speed in the crushing chamber to achieve the purpose of crushing, and the part of the soil component and the salt reaching the required granularity is discharged from the discharge port through the screening action of the screen 33, and the shearing crushing is continued in the crushing chamber until the required granularity is achieved.
Winnowing separation: the air separation device 4 separates the salt from the surface soil and then collects the salt.
Soil and salt discharged from a discharge hole of the coarse crusher 31 enter from a feed hole of the horizontal winnowing machine 41, and under the wind force of the centrifugal fan 42, the salt and the soil fall into a salt outlet 411 and a soil outlet 412 of the horizontal winnowing machine 41 respectively according to the difference of specific gravity of the salt and the dry soil. Wherein, the soil outlet 412 extends out of the whole equipment to discharge the soil into the soil, and the salt collecting tank 43 is provided below the salt outlet 411 to collect the salt separately, thereby preventing the salt from secondary pollution to the soil.
It can be seen that the salinized land salt collecting method provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts any of the salinized land salt collecting devices provided by the embodiment to collect salt, can obtain all the beneficial effects achieved by the salinized land salt collecting device, realizes independent collection of mechanized salt, improves the working efficiency, avoids secondary pollution of salt, and provides convenience for improvement and utilization of salinized lands.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. Salinized land salt collecting device, characterized by comprising: the device comprises a frame, a stripping device (1), a suction device (2), a crushing and screening device (3) and a wind separation device (4) which are sequentially arranged on the frame along a material moving path;
the stripping device (1) is used for stripping the soil surface layer of the ground surface, the suction device (2) is used for collecting and conveying the stripped soil surface layer to the crushing and screening device (3) to crush particles with consistent particle sizes, the part of the soil components and the salt reaching the required particle size is discharged from the crushing and screening device (3), the part of the soil components and the salt reaching the required particle size is continuously sheared and crushed in the crushing and screening device (3) until the required particle size is reached, and the air separation device (4) screens the crushed particles, then discharges the soil into the ground, and the salt is singly collected;
the stripping device (1) comprises a steel wire brush rolling and sweeping roller (11) pivoted on the frame, wherein the steel wire brush rolling and sweeping roller (11) is positioned in front of the suction device (2) and is used for stripping salt accumulated on the surface of the earth and a small amount of soil components below the salt layer from the surface of the earth and driving the soil surface layer to move towards the suction device (2) during rotation;
the salinized land salt collection device further includes wheels for providing support and mobility, the wheels being disposed on the frame.
2. The salinized soil salt collecting device according to claim 1, wherein a mud guard (12) is covered above the wire brush roll (11).
3. Salinized land salt collection apparatus of claim 1, wherein said suction means (2) comprises a vacuum chamber, a vacuum assembly and a suction tube (21);
an air outlet (25) is formed in the top of the vacuum bin, the bottom of the vacuum bin is inclined, and a discharge outlet which is in butt joint with the crushing and screening device (3) is formed in the bottom of one side of the lower part of the vacuum bin;
the vacuum assembly is arranged below the air outlet (25) so as to form a vacuum cavity (22) in the vacuum bin;
one end of the suction pipe (21) is arranged behind the stripping device (1), and the other end is communicated with the vacuum cavity (22).
4. A salinized ground salt collection apparatus as recited in claim 3, wherein the vacuum assembly comprises a vacuum motor (24) and a vacuum impeller (23), the vacuum impeller (23) being disposed below the vacuum motor (24) and driven by the vacuum motor (24).
5. A salinized land salt collection apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein an electric heater (221) is provided below the vacuum bin.
6. The salinized land salt collection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the crushing and screening device (3) comprises a coarse crusher (31), a screen (33) and a coarse crusher motor (32);
the coarse crusher motor (32) is in driving connection with the coarse crusher (31), and the screen (33) is arranged at the discharge hole of the coarse crusher (31).
7. Salinized land salt collection apparatus of claim 1, wherein said air separation means (4) comprises a centrifugal fan (42), a horizontal air separator (41) and a salt collection tank (43), said centrifugal fan (42) being drivingly connected to said horizontal air separator (41);
the bottom of the horizontal winnowing machine (41) is provided with a salt outlet (411) and a soil outlet (412), and the salt collecting tank (43) is arranged below the salt outlet (411).
8. Salinized land salt collection apparatus of any one of claims 1-7, further comprising a generator (5), said generator (5) for providing electrical support for said stripping means (1), said suction means (2), said crushing and screening means (3), said air separation means (4).
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