CN101601699B - 海滨锦葵皂甙的制备工艺及用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于生化分离技术领域,具体涉及海滨锦葵皂甙的制备工艺及用途,本发明从海滨锦葵中分离、纯化锦葵皂甙工艺,从新鲜海滨锦葵根、得干粉,超声,70%乙醇抽提,去乙醇、浓缩,得皂甙粗提液。用大孔树脂分离,水洗、40%乙醇去杂质,80%乙醇洗脱,浓缩、干燥。该产品可制成片剂、口服液、胶囊作为保健品给免疫低下者使用。也可进一步制成治疗肿瘤的药品。
Description
一.技术领域
本发明属于生化分离技术领域,具体涉及海滨锦葵皂甙的制备工艺及用途
二.背景技术
海滨锦葵(kostelezkya virginica)是锦葵科锦葵属多年生宿根盐生植物,天然分布于美国东部沿海盐沼海岸带。1992年由南京大学引种至中国。有文献报道,海滨锦葵的花、叶、根部可食用。尤其是根部可生食、可烹炸、可作茶饮,焙干碾碎可用作糖果和口香糖原料,以增加胶粘度。根部浸出液可浓缩至蛋清状替代蛋清使用。皂甙(Saponins)又名皂苷或者皂素,是固醇或三萜类化合物的低聚配糖体总称,因其水溶液能形成持久泡沫,像肥皂样而得名。它们是糖的衍生物,主要是由糖的半缩醛羟基与非糖物质结合的化合物,非糖部分称为甙元,又称为配糖体。甙元根据其化学结构可分为甾体和三萜类。皂甙可以抑制血清中脂类氧化,抑制过氧化脂质对肝脏的损伤,防止动脉硬化,因而它具有免疫调节的作用。它可提高NK细胞、LAK细胞的数量,增强肌体免疫力。皂甙对核酸和蛋白质合成有促进作用,可增加肝、肌肉组织中蛋白质与DNA的含量,提高机体的耐力,因而具有抗疲劳作用。皂甙还可以抑制肿瘤细胞的生长,具有消肿抗炎症的作用。皂甙因其重要的生物学作用,受到很多研究者重视,尤其对人参皂甙、大豆皂甙以及其他类植物皂甙的研究有大量论文和专利。但从海滨锦葵中提取锦葵皂甙以及对锦葵皂甙的研究论文很少见到,专利至今未有。
根据我们的研究结果证明锦葵皂甙是一种三萜类皂甙,在锦葵根部含量较高。从生物学实验证明,锦葵皂甙具有免疫调节的生物学功能。可作为人体非特异性免疫增强剂,促进体液免疫及细胞免疫,加强抗体或补体生成。该皂甙可制成片剂、口服液、胶囊等作为保健食品给免疫低下者使用,促进他们的健康。也可进一步制成药品,供免疫低下或肿瘤病人辅助治疗使用。
三.发明内容
本发明需要解决的问题是从海滨锦葵的根中提取出锦葵皂甙,并利用锦葵皂甙的生物学功能将其制成片剂、胶囊、口服液等保健食品,供免疫力低下者使用。也可制成药品供病患者使用。
本发明技术方案
1.海滨锦葵皂甙提取工艺:採集海滨锦葵新鲜根,洗净、晒干或烘干,粉碎。取干粉,按比例1∶15加入蒸馏水,用超声仪加温超声提取。超声条件:功率200瓦,温度60℃,时间1小时。超声后用纱布过滤。同样条件再重复一次;两次滤液合并。将滤液蒸发部分后,得浓缩液。加入乙醇使最终浓度为70%。搅拌几次后低温静置10-12小时,虹吸取上清,将上清(70%乙醇提取液)减压浓缩去乙醇,得锦葵皂甙粗提液。用大孔吸附树脂再进行分离。按常规方法将大孔吸附树脂进行处理,装柱;然后将锦葵皂甙粗提液上柱,上样结束后,先用蒸馏水洗涤去杂质,然后用40%乙醇洗涤其他物质,最后使用80%乙醇洗脱,得到含有锦葵皂甙的醇洗脱液,将此溶液旋转蒸发去乙醇,得到精制的含锦葵皂甙的浓缩液。该溶液可根据需要处理,可直接用原液作原料使用,也可将原液做成冻干粉存放备用。
2.锦葵皂甙的生物学功能
锦葵皂甙的抗肿瘤试验
表1锦葵皂甙对HEP-S细胞增殖的影响
P*<0.05
3.锦葵皂甙的测定:高氯酸-香草醛法
经研究分析,锦葵皂甙为三萜类皂甙,依据三萜类皂甙在高氯酸作用下能与香草醛产生颜色反应,在546nm处有最大吸收。锦葵皂甙含量可通过参比皂甙标准品曲线,计算含量和纯度。
香草醛试剂:4%;4.0克香草醛,加入100ml冰乙酸溶解即可。
准确吸取1.0mg/ml皂甙标准液0.0,0.025,0.035,0.050,0.075,0.10ml于具塞试管内,加甲醇补足0.10ml,分别加4%香草醛试剂0.4ml,再加高氯酸0.8ml,混匀,密塞,置于60℃水浴中加热15分钟,取出,立即用冷水冷却5分钟,再各管加入冰乙酸5.0ml,摇匀,静置10分钟。546nm处测定光吸收值。以浓度对光吸收值作标准曲线。锦葵皂甙样品同法配制1.0mg/ml浓度的样品液,取0.01,0.02,0.05ml,补加甲醇至0.10ml,其余操作同标准曲线。将测定出的光吸收值对比标准曲线计算样品的锦葵皂甙含量。
本发明有益效果是使用超声技术,第一次从海滨锦葵中提取出了锦葵皂甙,经过检测分析,确定为三萜类皂甙。将锦葵皂甙用于动物细胞体外实验,发现具有抑制肿瘤细胞生长作用,该产品可作为治疗抗肿瘤的药品。
四.具体实施方案
1.採集海滨锦葵鲜根,洗净,烘干,粉碎。取干粉50克按比例1∶15的加入蒸馏水,用超声仪超声提取,超声条件:温度60℃,功率200W,时间1小时。超声结束后,用两层纱布过滤。滤液存放,滤渣再用上述条件重复一次。两次滤液合并,得滤液1200ml,减压蒸发,得浓缩液260ml。加入乙醇使最终浓度为70%。搅拌几次后低温静置10小时,虹吸取上清,将上清(70%乙醇提取液)减压浓缩去掉乙醇,得锦葵皂甙粗抽提液250ml。
将锦葵皂甙粗抽提液250ml,加蒸馏水250ml,用大孔吸附树脂再进行分离。按常规方法将大孔吸附树脂进行处理,装柱;然后将锦葵皂甙粗提液上柱,上样结束后,先用蒸馏水洗去杂质,然后用40%乙醇500ml洗涤其他物质,最后使用80%乙醇500ml洗脱,得到含有锦葵皂甙的乙醇洗脱液510ml,将此溶液旋转蒸发去乙醇,得到精制的含锦葵皂甙的浓缩液73ml,经检测浓度为0.61mg/ml。
2.锦葵皂甙的测定:高氯酸-香草醛法
经研究分析,锦葵皂甙为三萜类皂甙,依据三萜类皂甙在高氯酸作用下能与香草醛产生颜色反应,在546nm处有最大吸收。锦葵皂甙含量可通过参比皂甙标准品曲线,计算含量和纯度。
香草醛试剂:4%;4.0克香草醛,加入100ml冰乙酸溶解即可。准确吸取1.0mg/ml皂甙标准液0.0,0.025,0.035,0.050,0.075,0.10ml于具塞试管内,加甲醇补足0.10ml,分别加4%香草醛试剂0.4ml,再加高氯酸0.8ml,混匀,密塞,置于60℃水浴中加热15分钟,取出,立即用冷水冷却5分钟,再各管加入冰乙酸5.0ml,摇匀,静置10分钟。546nm处测定光吸收值。以浓度对光吸收值作标准曲线。锦葵皂甙样品同法配制1.0mg/ml浓度的样品液,取0.01,0.02,0.05ml,补加甲醇至0.10ml,其余操作同标准曲线。将测定出的光吸收值对比标准曲线计算样品的锦葵皂甙含量。
Claims (3)
1.一种从海滨锦葵中分离制备锦葵皂甙的生产方法,其特征是探集海滨锦葵鲜根,洗净,烘干,粉碎,干粉中加入1∶15的蒸馏水,用超声仪超声提取,超声条件:温度60℃,功率200W,时间1小时,超声结束后,用两层纱布过滤,滤液存放,滤渣再用上述条件重复一次,两次滤液合并,减压蒸发,得浓缩液,加入乙醇使最终浓度为70%,搅拌后低温静置10-12小时,虹吸取上清,将70%乙醇上清提取液减压浓缩去乙醇,得无乙醇锦葵皂甙粗提液。
2.根据权利要求1所述从海滨锦葵中分离制备锦葵皂甙的生产方法,其特征是锦葵皂甙粗提液,用大孔吸附树脂再进行分离,按常规方法将大孔吸附树脂进行处理,装柱,然后将锦葵皂甙粗提液上柱,上样结束后,先用蒸馏水洗去杂质,然后用40%乙醇洗涤其他物质,最后使用80%乙醇洗脱,得到含有锦葵皂甙的乙醇洗脱液,将此溶液旋转蒸发去乙醇,得到精制的含锦葵皂甙的浓缩液,直接用原液作原料使用,或将原液做成冻干粉存放备用。
3.根据权利要求1所述从海滨锦葵中分离制备锦葵皂甙的生产方法生产的锦葵皂甙在制备治疗肿瘤药物中的应用。
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CN104855861A (zh) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-26 | 江苏海力发生物科技有限公司 | 一种海滨锦葵块根粉的加工方法及其开发利用 |
CN107752029A (zh) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-03-06 | 南京壹唯壹生物科技有限公司 | 一种海滨锦葵块根酶解产物及其制备方法和应用 |
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