CN101564990B - 用于代用燃料车辆的电动机总成 - Google Patents

用于代用燃料车辆的电动机总成 Download PDF

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CN101564990B
CN101564990B CN2009102039429A CN200910203942A CN101564990B CN 101564990 B CN101564990 B CN 101564990B CN 2009102039429 A CN2009102039429 A CN 2009102039429A CN 200910203942 A CN200910203942 A CN 200910203942A CN 101564990 B CN101564990 B CN 101564990B
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motor component
transmission assembly
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CN101564990A (zh
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T·J·赖因哈特
K·D·肖赫
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/356Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405Housings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03118Multiple tanks, i.e. two or more separate tanks
    • B60K2015/03157Multiple tanks, i.e. two or more separate tanks for supply different types of fuel to the motor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于代用燃料车辆的电动机总成。提供一种汽车传动装置总成,其包括:配置为安装在汽车内的外壳;联接到外壳上的第一电动机部件;可转动地联接到第一电机部件上的第二电动机部件,所述第一和第二电动机部件共同地包括至少一个磁铁和至少一个导电线圈,配置为当电流通过所述至少一个导电线圈时,第二电动机部件相对第一电动机部件转动;以及变速器总成,其包括至少一个联接到第二电动机部件上的齿轮,使得第二电动机部件的转动引起至少一个齿轮的运动。第二电动机部件和变速器总成联接到外壳上,使得当外壳安装到汽车上时变速器总成基本上支撑第二电动机部件。

Description

用于代用燃料车辆的电动机总成
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有2008年4月4日提交的美国临时申请No.61/042,584的权益。
技术领域
本发明主要涉及代用燃料车辆,且尤其涉及用于代用燃料车辆的电动机总成。
背景技术
最近几年,随着技术的发展,以及样式上的不断尝试,导致汽车设计发生了实质性的改变。改变之一涉及汽车内电气和传动系统的复杂性,特别是代用燃料车辆,例如混合动力、电动以及燃料电池车辆。这种代用燃料车辆通常使用一个或更多电动机,有可能以与另一致动装置结合的形式,来驱动车轮。
通常,特别是在混合动力车辆里,电动机(包括定子和转子)包围在相对较大的箱体,或者“罐外壳(can housing)”内。这种总成通常由汽车制造商从其它制造商处购买,其它制造商分别购买并完成单独的零件装配后向汽车制造商出售。从供应商处购买这种大的、复杂的部件明显增加了车辆的制造成本。
而且,随着对代用燃料车辆的动力和性能需求的持续增加,对最大化车辆内各个系统的效率的需求也不断增加,还希望减少车辆的总成本。此外,还始终希望降低部件对空间的需求以便最小化车辆的总成本和重量。
因此,希望提供一种用于在代用燃料车辆内安装电动机的改进方法和系统。而且,本发明其它希望的特点和特征将结合附图和前述的技术领域及背景技术明显地体现在下面的详细描述和附加的权利要求中。
发明内容
在一个实施例中,提供一种汽车传动装置总成。所述汽车传动装置总成包括:配置为安装在汽车内的外壳;联接到外壳上的第一电动机零件;可转动地联接到第一电动机部件上的第二电动机部件,所述第一和第二电动机部件共同包括至少一个磁铁和至少一个导电线圈,配置为当电流通过所述至少一个导电线圈时,第二电动机部件相对第一电动机部件转动;以及变速器总成,其包括至少一个联接到第二电动机部件上的齿轮,使得第二电动机部件的转动引起该至少一个齿轮的运动。第二电动机部件和变速器总成联接到外壳上,使得当外壳安装到汽车中时变速器总成基本上支撑第二电动机部件。
在另一个实施例中,提供一种汽车传动装置总成。所述汽车传动装置总成包括:配置为以预定方向安装在汽车内的外壳;联接到外壳上的第一电动机部件;可转动地联接到第一电机部件上的第二电动机部件,所述第一和第二电动机部件共同包括至少一个磁铁和至少一个导电线圈,配置为当电流通过至少一个导电线圈时,第二电动机部件相对第一电动机部件转动;以及变速器总成,其包括至少一个联接到第二电动机部件上的齿轮,使得第二电动机部件的转动引起该至少一个齿轮的运动。第一电动机部件、第二电动机部件和变速器总成布置为当外壳以预定方向安装在汽车内时,第一电动机部件、第二电动机部件和变速器总成在竖直方向上重叠。
在另一个实施例中,提供一种汽车传动装置总成。所述汽车传动装置总成包括:外壳,连接到外壳上的定子机壳,连接到并至少部分位于定子机壳内的电动机定子,联接到外壳并包括至少一个齿轮的变速器总成,基本上由变速器总成支撑的转子毂,以及连接到转子毂上的电动机转子,使得电动机定子和电动机转子共同形成包括至少一个磁铁和至少一个导电线圈的电动机,所述磁铁和导电线圈设置为当电流通过所述至少一个导电线圈时,电动机转子相对于电动机定子转动。
附图说明
下面将结合附图详细描述本发明,其中相同的附图标记表示相同的元件,以及
图1是表示根据本发明的一个实施例的示范性汽车的示意图;
图2是表示定子总成的立体图;
图3是表示转子总成的立体图;
图4是表示定子壳体的立体图;
图5是表示转子毂的剖面侧视图;以及
图6是表示图1汽车内的变速箱的剖面侧视图,其内安装有图2的定子总成、图3的转子总成、图4的定子壳体以及图5的转子毂。
具体实施方式
下面的详细描述仅仅是示范性的而不是为了限制本发明及其应用和使用。而且,前面的技术领域、背景技术、发明内容或下面的详细描述中出现的任何明示或暗示的理论不构成限制。
下面的描述涉及元件或者特征被“连接”或“联接”在一起。作为这里所使用的,“连接”指一个元件/特征直接接合到(或者直接通信至)另一个元件/特征,并且不必须是机械地连接。同样,“联接”指一个元件/特征直接或间接接合到(或者直接或间接通信至)另一个元件/特征,并且不必须是机械地连接。然而应当理解的是,虽然在一个实施例中两个元件被描述为“连接”,但在另一个实施例中相似的元件可以是“联接”,反之亦然。因此,虽然这里所示的示意图描绘了元件的示范性布置,但额外的中间零件、装置、特征或部件都可以出现在实际的实施方案中。也应当理解,图1-图6仅仅是图示,而不是按比例绘制的。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种汽车传动装置总成。所述传动装置总成包括具有单独的、模块化部件的电动机。单独的零件可以独立外包,这样与购买完整的电动机总成相比可以降低成本。模块化设计允许齿轮架定位在电机动总成的正下方,这样能节省水平(或者轴向)空间。
根据本发明的另一方面,所述汽车传动装置总成包括配置为安装在汽车内的外壳。第一电动机部件联接到外壳上,第二电动机部件可转动地联接到第一电动机部件上。第一和第二电动机部件共同包括至少一个磁铁和至少一个导电线圈,配置为当电流通过所述至少一个导电线圈时,第二电动机部件相对第一电动机部件转动。变速器总成包括至少一个联接到第二电动机部件上的齿轮,使得第二电动机部件的转动引起该至少一个齿轮的运动。第二电动机部件和变速器总成联接到外壳上,使得当外壳安装到汽车中时变速器总成基本上支撑第二电动机部件。在一个实施例中,当外壳安装到汽车中时,第一和第二电动机部件在垂直方向上对准。
图1示出了根据本发明一个实施例的电动车辆(或汽车)20。汽车20包括车架22,四个车轮24,和电子控制系统26。虽然没有特别示出,车架包括底盘和设置在底盘上的车身,其基本上包围着汽车20的其它部件。每个车轮24分别在靠近车架22的相应拐角处转动联接到车架22上。
汽车20可以是各种不同类型汽车中的一种,例如,轿车,货车,卡车,或者运动型多用途车(SUV),而且可以是两轮驱动(2WD)(也就是后轮驱动或者前轮驱动),四轮驱动(4WD),或者全轮驱动(AWD)。汽车20例如可以采用许多不同类型的发动机中的任何一种,或者它们的组合,例如,汽油或柴油内燃机,“柔性燃料车”(FFV)发动机(也就是使用汽油和酒精的混合物),气态化合物(例如氢和/或天然气)燃料发动机,燃烧/电动机混合发动机,以及电动机。
在图1所示的示范性实施例中,汽车20是AWD混合动力车辆,还包括前致动装置总成28,后致动装置总成30,和电池(也就是直流(DC)电源)34。前致动装置总成28包括内燃机36,前电动机/变速器总成38,和前功率变换器总成40(或者牵引功率变换器模块(TPIM))。
前电动机/变速器总成38在其中包括有变速器,该变速器集成了一个(或更多)电动机/发电机(或者“电机”)42,像通常所理解的,且联接到内燃机36。电动机/发电机42包括定子总成和转子总成,下面将更详细地描述。后致动装置总成30包括后电动机/变速器总成44和后功率变换器46(或者后功率变换器模块(RPIM))。
继续参照图1,后致动装置总成30通过主(或驱动)轴56联接到前致动装置总成28上,每个致动装置总成28和30都通过多根轴58联接到车轮24。因此,每个车轮24以绕相应的轮轴线59可转动的方式联接到车架22上。
虽然没有示出,在一个实施例中,前变换器40和后变换器46每个都包括联接到电压源和电动机的三相电路。更具体地,变换器40和46每个都包括开关网络(switch network),所述开关网络具有联接到电池34的第一输入和联接到电动机/发电机42和48的输出。虽然示出了单个电压电源(例如,电池34),也可以使用具有两个串联电源的分布式直流(DC)链路。开关网络可以包括三对串联的开关以及与电动机42和48每一运行阶段相对应的反平行二极管(也就是与每个开关反平行)。
仍然参照图1,电子控制系统26可操作地与前致动装置总成28、后致动装置总成30、电池34、以及变换器40和46通信。虽然没有详细示出,电子控制系统26包括各种传感器和汽车控制模块,或者电子控制单元(ECU),例如变换控制模块和车辆控制器,以及至少一个处理器和/或存储器,所述存储器包括存储在其中(或其它计算机可读介质内)的指令,用于执行下面描述的程序和方法。
在一个实施例中,汽车20是“串联HEV”,其中内燃机36不直接联接到变速器上,而是联接到电动机42和48上,用于致动电动机42和48以产生电功率。在另一个实施例中,汽车20是“并联HEV”,其中内燃机36通过,例如,使电动机的转子旋转联接到内燃机36的传动轴上,直接联接到变速器上。
在运行过程中,仍然参照图1,汽车20通过内燃机36与电动机42和48以交替的方式和/或通过内燃机36与电动机42和48同时地向车轮24提供动力实现运行。为了向电动机42和48供能,电池34向变换器40和46提供直流电功率,所述变换器40和46在激励电动机42和48之前将直流电功率转换为交流电功率。
图2-图5表示根据本发明一个实施例的前致动装置总成28的各个部件。图2表示电动机42的定子总成(或者定子)60。如图所示,定子60是具有转子开口62贯穿其中的大致环状形状,并且包括数个导电线圈64,就如通常所理解的那样。图3表示转子总成(或者转子)66。转子66是具有轴开口68贯穿其中的大致环状形状,并且包括铁磁芯,如通常所理解的那样。虽然没有具体示出,转子66的外径可以近似于(或者稍微小于)贯穿定子60(图2)的转子开口62的直径。如下面所描述的,定子60和转子66共同形成电动机(例如电动机42),其可以包括数个电磁极(例如16个极),就如通常所理解的那样。
图4表示定子机壳,或者定子罐外壳70。定子罐外壳70是具有定子开口(或腔)72延伸贯穿其中的大致环形或者圆筒形状。虽然没有具体示出,定子开口72的直径近似于(或者稍微小于)定子60(图2)的外径。定子罐外壳70在其一端还包括数个附接构件74(例如,用于安装到车辆和/或输送装置中)。图5表示转子毂76。虽然只示出了剖面,转子毂76为在其一侧具有转子腔78并在其相对的一侧具有轴开口80的大致环状形状(相似于罐外壳70)。
根据本发明的一个方面,电动机部件60、66、70和76都模块化地安装在汽车20内(图1)。更详细地,定子60和转子66在没有通常包围电动机部件的机壳的情况下独立地安装在汽车20内。图6表示根据一个实施例的汽车20内的变速箱(或者外壳)82,其中安装有定子60和转子66。虽然没有具体示出,变速箱82可以具有多个与后致动装置总成30(图1)相关联的变速器和/或电动机部件(例如,离合器、轴、和/或后电动机48),该后致动装置总成早于定子60和转子66的安装而安装在变速箱中。
定子60(图2)首先在定子开口72内连接到罐70上(例如,定子60被压配合进定子开口72内)。参照图6,定子罐外壳70然后在变速箱82内固定在其上部。转子66(图3)在转子腔78内连接到转子毂76上(例如,转子66被压配合在转子毂76上)。转子毂76然后定位在变速箱82内位于定子罐外壳70(和定子60)的下方,使得转子66插入转子开口62。在运行过程中,转子66围绕转子轴线83相对于定子60(和/或车架22)转动。
然后,与前致动装置总成28相关联的变速器部件安装在变速箱82内,包括齿轮架84(例如,变速器总成包括一系列的行星齿轮),其设置在转子毂76的下方并且通过轴(未示出)和轴承86与转子毂76联接。特别值得注意的是,与仅包围了定子60和转子66的机壳相反,转子毂76(和转子66)由变速器部件(例如齿轮架84)支撑,因为在本发明的实施例中没有这样的机壳。如图6所示,变速箱82然后以预定方向安装进汽车20内,使得定子罐外壳70、转子毂76和齿轮架(或者变速器总成)84沿转子轴线83在垂直方向上“重叠”,或者垂直对准。因此,转子轴线83延伸穿过定子罐外壳70、毂76和齿轮架84并且正交于(例如,垂直于但不相交于)轮轴线59(图1)。也就是说,在至少一个实施例中,定子60和转子66布置在变速箱82内,使得当变速箱82安装在汽车20内时,转子轴线在汽车20处于基本水平面时基本是垂直的。
上面描述的电动机总成的一个优点是因为独立的、单独的部件,电动机可模块化制造。也就是说,各部件的生产可被外包给多个制造商,使得成本降低。另一个优点是,模块化的部件使得总成结构更紧凑,其中齿轮架可以设置在定子和转子下方的位置。也就是说,定子、转子和齿轮架可以垂直对准,因此降低了电动机总成和变速器所需要的水平(也就是轴向)空间。
前面详细描述了至少一个示范性的实施例,应当理解的是其还可以有大量的变化。还应当理解的是示范性的实施例仅仅是举例,并不限制本发明的范围、应用或构造。相反,前面的详细描述提供给本领域的技术人员应用示范性实施例的便利途径。应当理解,在不背离通过权利要求及其等效物所定义本发明的范围内可以对元件的功能和布置进行各种改变。

Claims (15)

1.一种汽车传动装置总成,包括:
配置为安装在汽车内的外壳;
联接到所述外壳上的第一电动机部件;
连接到所述外壳上的定子机壳,其中第一电动机部件至少部分地位于所述定子机壳内;
可转动地联接到第一电动机部件上的第二电动机部件,所述第一和第二电动机部件共同地包括至少一个磁铁和至少一个导电线圈,所述磁铁和导电线圈配置为当电流通过所述至少一个导电线圈时,第二电动机部件相对第一电动机部件转动;以及
变速器总成,其包括至少一个联接到第二电动机部件上的齿轮,使得第二电动机部件的转动引起所述至少一个齿轮的运动,
其中第二电动机部件和所述变速器总成联接到所述外壳上,使得当所述外壳安装到汽车中时,所述变速器总成支撑第二电动机部件,
其中所述汽车传动装置总成不包括包围第一和第二电动机部件的机壳,且所述变速器总成支撑第二电动机部件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车传动装置总成,其中当所述外壳安装在汽车内时,第一电动机部件、第二电动机部件和所述变速器总成在垂直方向上对准。
3.根据权利要求2所述的汽车传动装置总成,其中第二电动机部件可围绕轴线相对于第一电动机部件转动,且所述轴线延伸穿过第一电动机部件和所述变速器总成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的汽车传动装置总成,其中当所述外壳安装在汽车内并且汽车处于水平面时,所述轴线是垂直的。
5.根据权利要求3所述的汽车传动装置总成,其中所述变速器总成位于第一和第二电动机部件的下方。
6.根据权利要求1所述的汽车传动装置总成,还包括转子毂,所述转子毂连接到第二电动机部件上并且联接到所述至少一个齿轮上。
7.根据权利要求6所述的汽车传动装置总成,其中第一电动机部件是定子,第二电动机部件是转子。
8.一种汽车传动装置总成,包括:
配置为以预定方向安装在汽车内的外壳;
联接到所述外壳上的第一电动机部件;
可转动地联接到第一电动机部件上的第二电动机部件,所述第一和第二电动机部件共同地包括至少一个磁铁和至少一个导电线圈,配置为当电流通过所述至少一个导电线圈时,第二电动机部件相对第一电动机部件转动;
连接到所述外壳上的定子机壳,其中第一电动机部件至少部分地位于所述定子机壳内,且所述定子机壳不包围第二电动机部件;以及
变速器总成,其包括至少一个联接到第二电动机部件上的齿轮,使得第二电动机部件的转动引起所述至少一个齿轮的运动,
其中第一电动机部件、第二电动机部件和所述变速器总成布置为当所述外壳以预定方向安装在汽车内时,第一电动机部件、第二电动机部件和所述变速器总成在垂直方向上重叠,
其中所述汽车传动装置总成不包括包围第一和第二电动机部件的机壳,且所述变速器总成支撑第二电动机部件。
9.根据权利要求8所述的汽车传动装置总成,其中第二电动机部件和所述变速器总成联接到所述外壳上,使得当所述外壳以预定方向安装到汽车内时,所述变速器总成支撑第二电动机部件。
10.根据权利要求9所述的汽车传动装置总成,其中所述变速器总成位于第一和第二电动机部件的下方。
11.一种汽车传动装置总成,包括:
外壳;
连接到所述外壳上的定子机壳;
连接到并至少部分位于所述定子机壳内的电动机定子;
联接到所述外壳并包括至少一个齿轮的变速器总成;
由所述变速器总成支撑的转子毂;以及
连接到所述转子毂上的电动机转子,使得所述电动机定子和所述电动机转子共同地形成包括至少一个磁铁和至少一个导电线圈的电动机,所述磁铁和导电线圈设置为当电流通过所述至少一个导电线圈时,所述电动机转子相对于所述电动机定子转动,
其中所述汽车传动装置总成不包括包围电动机定子和电动机转子的机壳,且所述变速器总成支撑电动机转子。
12.根据权利要求11所述的汽车传动装置总成,其中所述外壳配置为安装在汽车内,以及其中所述电动机定子、所述电动机转子和所述变速器总成布置为当所述外壳安装在汽车内时所述电动机定子、所述电动机转子和所述变速器总成在垂直方向上重叠。
13.根据权利要求12所述的汽车传动装置总成,其中所述电动机转子可围绕轴线相对于所述电动机定子转动,且所述轴线延伸穿过所述电动机定子和所述变速器总成。
14.根据权利要求13所述的汽车传动装置总成,其中所述外壳配置为当所述外壳安装在汽车内并且汽车处于水平面时,所述轴线是垂直的。
15.根据权利要求14所述的汽车传动装置总成,其中所述电动机定子、电动机转子和变速器总成布置为当所述外壳安装在汽车内时,所述变速器总成位于第一和第二电动机部件的下方。
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