CN101559932B - 纯度为99.9999%三氯化磷的生产方法及其装置 - Google Patents

纯度为99.9999%三氯化磷的生产方法及其装置 Download PDF

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CN101559932B
CN101559932B CN2009100651209A CN200910065120A CN101559932B CN 101559932 B CN101559932 B CN 101559932B CN 2009100651209 A CN2009100651209 A CN 2009100651209A CN 200910065120 A CN200910065120 A CN 200910065120A CN 101559932 B CN101559932 B CN 101559932B
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舒骁骥
向东
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GUIYANG JINGYI TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
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向东
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Abstract

一种纯度为99.9999%三氯化磷的生产方法及其装置,首先在上部带有石英筛板式精馏塔的双层玻璃反应釜中加入三氯化磷母液,然后将黄磷加入,通入工业氯气,使液态黄磷起反应,控制反应温度在44℃-90℃,通过石英筛板式精馏塔精馏收集纯度为99.9999%的三氯化磷;实现上述生产方法的装置是:黄磷储罐连接双层玻璃反应釜,双层玻璃反应釜内有能通入氯气的石英玻璃盘管,双层玻璃反应釜的上部连接有石英筛板式精馏塔,石英筛板式精馏塔的下部连接成品收集器。有益效果:本发明的反应温和,与燃烧生成三氯化磷的方法相比杂质少、原材料所要求的黄磷含量较低、安全系数提高、产量增加、氯气与黄磷能够充分反应产生的废气少从而对环境的影响小。

Description

纯度为99.9999%三氯化磷的生产方法及其装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高纯度三氯化磷的生产方法及其生产装置。
背景技术
在半导体工业中,高纯度的三氯化磷可用作离子注入,并且也是多种电子化学品的重要原材料如电子级三氯氧磷、电子级三氟化磷,工业三氯化磷的生产方法(见《三氯化磷生产工艺的改进》中国氯碱2001年3月第3期):熔融的黄磷与氯气反应制取,反应一般在三氯化磷母液中进行,所用设备为搪玻璃或碳钢反应釜、陶瓷填料式精馏塔等,所得的产品含量在96%-99.5%;分析纯、优级纯是将99%的工业品进行精馏,所得的产品含量也仅为99.9%-99.95%;黄磷与氯气直接燃烧所得,反应十分剧烈,温度可达400℃以上,黄磷中的杂质将不可避免带入了产品之中,同时污染环境,不能保证产品的质量,产量也不高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要提供一种反应温和、杂质少、对环境的影响小、能增加产量、保证产品质量的纯度为99.9999%三氯化磷的生产方法及其装置。
解决其技术问题的生产方法是:首先在上部带有石英筛板式精馏塔的双层玻璃反应釜中加入三氯化磷母液,然后将黄磷加入,通入工业氯气,使液态黄磷起反应,控制反应温度在44℃-90℃,通过石英筛板式精馏塔精馏收集纯度为99.9999%的三氯化磷。
上述方法中所述的三氯化磷母液的纯度为99.999%;
上述方法中所述的黄磷的纯度为99.999%,杂质中有机物、As、S单项杂质≤1000ppb,金属杂质如Al、Fe、Cu、Cr、Co、Na、Mn等≤500ppb;
上述方法中所述的氯气通入方式采用盘管式,盘管可以是圆型、蛇形或十字型等各种多孔式盘管;
上述方法中所述的黄磷上部必须有三氯化磷母液覆盖,所用量根据所选双层玻璃反应釜大小而定,一般占双层玻璃反应釜内容积的20-30%,同时在生产过程中注意双层玻璃反应釜内液位情况,控制液位在45-70%;
上述方法中所述的黄磷一定要保持液体状态,因此在加黄磷之前必须对双层玻璃反应釜进行预热,预热温度控制在44℃-76℃,在加黄磷过程中不能带入水分,在整个反应过程中必须保证釜底有底黄磷;
上述方法中精馏所需温度完全由反应放热就可以达到,并且需对双层玻璃反应釜夹套通冷却水以控制反应温度在44℃-90℃,收集时石英筛板式精馏塔的回流比控制在3-6。
实现上述生产方法的装置是:黄磷储罐连接双层玻璃反应釜,双层玻璃反应釜内有能通入氯气的石英玻璃盘管,双层玻璃反应釜的上部连接有石英筛板式精馏塔,石英筛板式精馏塔的下部连接成品收集器。
有益效果:1.本发明的反应温和,与燃烧生成三氯化磷的方法相比杂质少、原材料所要求的黄磷含量较低、安全系数提高、产量增加、氯气与黄磷能够充分反应产生的废气少从而对环境的影响小。2.在生产装置上选用石英筛板式精馏塔可以对产品的连续化生产、收集以及产品的质量都有保证。在精馏塔的选择上选用了筛板式对比于工业生产上所选用的填料式区别在于:克服了填料塔精馏过程中上升的三氯化磷蒸汽中夹带的游离磷难以回流造成填料易堵塞安全性较低的弱点,提高了生产安全性同时保证了产品质量。
附图说明
图1为本发明生产装置的结构图。
图中1双层玻璃反应釜、2石英玻璃盘管、3石英筛板式精馏塔、4黄磷储罐、5成品收集器。
具体实施方式
实施例1:黄磷储罐4连接双层玻璃反应釜1,双层玻璃反应釜1内有能通入氯气的石英玻璃盘管2,双层玻璃反应釜1的上部连接有石英筛板式精馏塔3,石英筛板式精馏塔3的下部连接成品收集器5。
实施例2:首先在上部带有石英筛板式精馏塔3的双层玻璃反应釜1中加入三氯化磷母液,然后将黄磷加入,通入工业氯气,使液态黄磷起反应,控制反应温度在44℃-90℃,通过石英筛板式精馏塔3精馏收集纯度为99.9999%的三氯化磷。上述方法中所述的三氯化磷母液的纯度为99.999%;上述方法中所述的黄磷的纯度为99.999%,杂质中有机物、As、S单项杂质≤1000ppb,金属杂质如Al、Fe、Cu、Cr、Co、Na、Mn等≤500ppb;所用工业氯气满足GB5138---2006要求的工业液氯经气化、浓硫酸干燥得到;上述方法中所述的氯气通入方式采用盘管式,石英玻璃盘管2可以是圆型、蛇形或十字型等各种多孔式盘管;上述方法中所述的黄磷上部必须有三氯化磷母液覆盖,所用量根据所选双层玻璃反应釜1大小而定,一般占双层玻璃反应釜1内容积的20-30%,同时在生产过程中注意双层玻璃反应釜1内液位情况,控制液位在45-70%。;上述方法中所述的黄磷一定要保持液体状态,因此在加黄磷之前必须对双层玻璃反应釜1进行预热,预热温度控制在44℃-76℃,在加黄磷过程中不能带入水分,在整个反应过程中必须保证双层玻璃反应釜1底有黄磷;上述方法中精馏所需温度完全由反应放热就可以达到,并且需对双层玻璃反应釜1夹套通冷却水以控制反应温度在44℃-90℃,收集时石英筛板式精馏塔的回流比控制在3-6,本方法可连续性操作,持续不断收集产品。
具体的生产方法是:(1)将10L纯度为99.999%的三氯化磷母液放入30L双层玻璃反应釜1中,往双层玻璃反应釜1夹套内通入热水开始对双层玻璃反应釜1内三氯化磷加热,同时开启石英筛板式精馏塔3冷凝器内冷却水,直至双层玻璃反应釜1内温度达到60℃后停止加热;加入纯度为99.999%的黄磷20Kg;(2)开通氯气,调节氯气量控制反应温度同时避免反应过于剧烈,当温度升至70℃后开启夹套冷却水,保持双层玻璃反应釜1内温度在60℃-80℃;(3)当石英筛板式精馏塔3冷凝器底部有物料出现后,调节回流比控制器,将回流比控制在4.5,收集产品。
本产品为无色液体,含量≥99.9999%,用等离子发射光谱仪、原子吸收石墨炉光谱法检测其中的P、Al、Co、Fe、Na、Mg、Ni、Zn、Cr、K、Cu、Hg等含量,结果如下:
分析项目   分析结果(ppb) 分析项目   分析结果(ppb)
  P   158   K   23.5
  Al   16.3   Li   1
  Ag   3.4   Mg   56.1
  Ba   3.1   Mn   4.1
  Bi   1   Ni   2.3
  Co   1   Na   17.6
  Cr   11   Pb   1
  Cu   26.8   Sr   l
  Ca   39.2   Sn   1
  Fe   67.9   Ti   14.3
  Hg   1   Zn   47.8
本产品完全能满足在半导体工业中作为离子注入材料,并且满足多种电子化学品生产的原料需求。

Claims (4)

1.一种纯度为99.9999%三氯化磷的生产方法,其特征是:首先在上部带有石英筛板式精馏塔的双层玻璃反应釜中加入纯度为99.999%的三氯化磷母液,然后加入纯度为99.999%的黄磷,其杂质中有机物、As、S单项杂质≤1000ppb,金属杂质Al、Fe、Cu、Cr、Co、Na、Mn≤500ppb,通入工业氯气,使液态黄磷起反应,控制反应温度在44℃-80℃,通过石英筛板式精馏塔精馏收集纯度为99.9999%的三氯化磷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纯度为99.9999%三氯化磷的生产方法,其特征是:上述方法中所述的黄磷上部必须有三氯化磷覆盖,所用量根据所选双层玻璃反应釜大小而定,占双层玻璃反应釜内容积的20-30%,同时在生产过程中注意双层玻璃反应釜内液位情况,控制液位在45-70%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种纯度为99.9999%三氯化磷的生产方法,其特征是:上述方法中所述的黄磷一定要保持液体状态,因此在加黄磷之前必须对双层玻璃反应釜进行预热,预热温度控制在44℃-76℃,在加黄磷过程中不能带入水分,在整个反应过程中必须保证双层玻璃反应釜底有底黄磷。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种纯度为99.9999%三氯化磷的生产方法,其特征是:上述方法中精馏所需温度完全由反应放热就可以达到,并且需对双层玻璃反应釜夹套通冷却水以控制反应温度在44℃-80℃,收集时石英筛板式精馏塔的回流比控制在3-6。
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CN101955173A (zh) * 2010-10-18 2011-01-26 天津市泰旭物流有限公司 一种采用三氯化磷和氟化锌反应制备三氟化磷的技术
CN103350989A (zh) * 2013-06-28 2013-10-16 徐州市建平化工有限公司 一种一步法生产纯度为99.95%的三氯化磷的方法
CN104787737B (zh) * 2014-01-17 2018-05-22 泰兴市申龙化工有限公司 一种连续生产三氯化磷的成套工艺及装备技术
CN105399070A (zh) * 2015-11-20 2016-03-16 宁国久天化工有限公司 一种三氯化磷生产工艺
CN107488193A (zh) * 2017-10-20 2017-12-19 河南红东方化工股份有限公司 一种亚磷酸二甲酯的合成新方法
CN108821254B (zh) * 2018-09-11 2021-11-26 安徽东至广信农化有限公司 一种三氯化磷合成工艺中去除无机及有机杂质的方法

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