CN101543165B - Method for tilling rice stubble rape field without need of tilling and punching - Google Patents
Method for tilling rice stubble rape field without need of tilling and punching Download PDFInfo
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- CN101543165B CN101543165B CN2009100306514A CN200910030651A CN101543165B CN 101543165 B CN101543165 B CN 101543165B CN 2009100306514 A CN2009100306514 A CN 2009100306514A CN 200910030651 A CN200910030651 A CN 200910030651A CN 101543165 B CN101543165 B CN 101543165B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field, which comprises the following steps: (A) culturing ridges with surface width of 100 cm and furrow width of 40 cm; (B) applying basal fertilizer; (C) transplanting two rows of rapes in each ridge, with every two adjacent rapes keeping a spacing of 15 cm and every two adjacent rows of rapes keepinga spacing of 60 cm, wherein root of the rape transplanted to moist field blocks faces to the middle of the ridges, clings to the field surface and is pressed by smalll clods, root of the rape transplanted to muddy field blocks faces to the middle of the ridges and is directly pressed on the field surface and root of the rape transplanted to dry field blocks faces to the middle of the ridges, clings to the field surface and is pressed by crushed clods; (D) returning total rice straw to the rice stubble rape field, namely, evenly spreading the rice straw which is not short on ridge surfaces between every two rows of rapes; (E) heapping the rapes in deep furrows, namely, digging ridge furrows with depth of 20 cm below the field surface for 3 days after the rape is transplanted and evenly earthing up upturned soil on ridge surfaces at the root of the rape; and (F) daily managing the rice stubble rape field. The invention can omit the processes of drying upturned soil, crushing upturned soil, punching, and the like, does not delay seasons, has high waterlogging resistance and effectively solves the problem of returning total rice straw to the rice stubble rape field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of cultivation of rape, relate in particular to the methods of cultivation of rice stubble transplanting rape.
Background technology
Rape is the important oil crop of China, and cultivation history is long.Planting winter rape after the rice harves, is the main crops for rotation layout that China's rape is produced, and the methods of cultivation develop to zero tillage by ploughing plantation.Show that according to the agricultural Room, Jiangsu Province statistics in 2006 this fuel-efficient colza is planted area at 8,860,000 mu, preceding crop mostly is paddy rice, and minority is Dry crops such as corn, cotton, and rape is ploughed and transplanted cultivated area is 2,170,000 mu, accounts for 24.4%; It is 4,980,000 mu that the plate stubble is transplanted cultivated area, accounts for 56.3%; The direct-seeding planting area is 1,710,000 mu, accounts for 19.3%.
At present, the no-tillage cave planting method of beating is adopted in the farming of rice stubble transplanting rape, and concrete grammar may further comprise the steps:
1, do furrow, directly the setting-out corrugate is done furrow on the rice stubble plate field of not ploughing, furrow face width 100cm, and furrow furrow width 40cm, the soil of corrugate turn up soil about thick 13cm, and the Tu Fa of corrugate ploughs on the furrow face;
2, sun the earth which has been ploughed up, Tu Fa is shone to half-dried;
3, the cave is beaten in broken upturned soil wholely, and the soil upturned soil of shining to half-dried is broken, and is dispersed in equably on the furrow face, beats the cave then on the furrow face, and the cave is apart from 35 * 30cm;
4, basal dressing is executed the fertilizer point in the cave;
5, transplanting rape is transplanted Brassica campestris L seedling in the cave;
6, zanjon is stopped up dish, and rape was transplanted back about 3 days, and the people vertically stands in the furrow ditch, the furrow ditch is uprooted be lower than about the face 20cm of field, and Tu Fa is moved up on the furrow face between the rape;
7, field management is topdressed and is watered, intertillage reason ditch, insect pests crop smothering.
There is following defective in the above-mentioned no-tillage cave transplanting rape method of beating:
1, time-consuming: beating cave kind method for planting will be beating the cave transplanting rape again, lost labor and season after the corrugate soil upturned soil fragmentation;
2, delay season: run into continuous rainy weather, the cave can't be beaten wholely, delay season;
3, stain evil is serious: the rice field clay is played the cave plantation, runs into overcast and rainyly, and the easy ponding cave in, rape easily rot root;
4, straw can't be gone back the field: it is little because of the cave distance to beat cave plantation rape, and straw can't total crop return.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcome existing rape farming time-consuming, delay season, the stain evil is serious, the straw also defective and the deficiency in field, and a kind of method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field is provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field may further comprise the steps:
A) do furrow, directly the setting-out corrugate is done furrow on the rice stubble plate field of not ploughing, furrow face width 100cm, and furrow furrow width 40cm, the corrugate soil thick 13cm of upturned soil also fitly ploughs in furrow face edge 20cm;
B) basal dressing: with row application on corrugate soil is turned up soil inboard plate field;
C) transplanting rape: from the soil of the furrow ditch 20cm inboard transplanting rape of turning up soil, every furrow are transplanted 2 row rapes, spacing in the rows 15cm, line-spacing 60cm on the furrow face;
D) total straw field also: plant a furrow rape, a furrow straw also immediately, the short straw of hand hay cutter not equably bedding on the furrow faces between the two row rapes;
E) zanjon is stopped up dish: rape is transplanted in back 3 days, and the furrow ditch is uprooted the following 20cm of field face, and Tu Fa is moved up equably on the furrow face of rape root;
F) field management: carry out daily field management.
Further, step C recited above) transplanting rape at ground moistening field piece, is commonly called as Foot Printing field piece, the field piece of promptly walking up and can leave footprints, and near furrow ditch Tu Fa, the dish root is close to the field face in furrow, press the dish root with small clod with the rape dish seedling of transplanting.
Further, step C recited above) transplanting rape, at soil mud alive field piece, be commonly called as and fall into pin field piece, promptly step on the field piece that pin can poach, mud capping is crossed toe, near furrow ditch Tu Fa, the dish root is in furrow and be pressed on the face of field with the rape dish seedling of transplanting, can not all be pressed into the dish root in the mud, can not be at all with mud.
Further, step C recited above) transplanting rape is done the field piece at soil, is commonly called as not Foot Printing field piece, the field piece of promptly walking up and can not leave footprints, and near furrow ditch Tu Fa, the dish root is close to the field face in furrow, press the dish root with soil crushing with the rape dish seedling of transplanting.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field can be save and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, broken upturned soil, beats operation such as cave, transplant to rape from doing furrow, than conventional transplanting method save about 50% artificial, saving of work and time abridged edition, and can guaranteeing season by mistake; Because rape is directly to be planted on the plane, plate field, running into when raining rainwater can drain fast, has improved anti-stain ability; Because line-spacing can effectively solve the also difficult problem in field of rape field total straw at 60cm in the furrow; Be stamped on the furrow faces of two row between the rapes of straw and be not easy growth of weeds, suppress the generation on farmland running to weeds; Through overtesting, the rape per unit area yield reaches about 200 kilograms, and mu increases income about 200 yuan.The present invention has realized that lasting getting fat improves the soil, and economic, society, ecological benefits all are improved.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field of ground moistening field piece, take following steps:
A) do furrow, directly the setting-out corrugate is done furrow on the rice stubble plate field of not ploughing, turn up soil thick 13cm and fitly ploughing in furrow face edge 20cm of furrow face width 100cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, the soil of corrugate;
B) basal dressing: with row application on corrugate soil is turned up soil inboard plate field;
C) transplanting rape: from the soil of the furrow ditch 20cm inboard transplanting rape of turning up soil, every furrow are transplanted 2 row rapes on the furrow face, spacing in the rows 15cm, and line-spacing 60cm, near furrow ditch Tu Fa, the dish root is close to the field face and is pressed the dish root with small clod in furrow with the dish seedling;
D) total straw field also: plant a furrow rape, a furrow straw also immediately, directly the short straw of hand hay cutter not equably bedding on the furrow faces between the two row rapes;
E) zanjon is stopped up dish: after rape is transplanted the 3rd day, the furrow ditch is uprooted the following 20cm of field face, and Tu Fa is moved up equably on the furrow face of rape root;
F) field management: carry out daily field management.
Embodiment 2:
The method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field of soil mud alive field piece, take following steps:
A) do furrow, directly the setting-out corrugate is done furrow on the rice stubble plate field of not ploughing, turn up soil thick 13cm and fitly ploughing in furrow face edge 20cm of furrow face width 100cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, the soil of corrugate;
B) basal dressing: with row application on corrugate soil is turned up soil inboard plate field;
C) transplanting rape: from the soil of the furrow ditch 20cm inboard transplanting rape of turning up soil, every furrow are transplanted 2 row rapes, spacing in the rows 15cm on the furrow face, line-spacing 60cm is close to the field face with the dish seedling near furrow ditch Tu Fa, dish root in furrow, the dish root is pressed in the field face, can not all be pressed into the dish root in the mud, can not be at all with mud;
D) total straw field also: plant a furrow rape, a furrow straw also immediately, directly the short straw of hand hay cutter not equably bedding on the furrow faces between the two row rapes;
E) zanjon is stopped up dish: after rape is transplanted the 2nd day, the furrow ditch is uprooted the following 20cm of field face, and Tu Fa is moved up on the furrow face equably;
F) field management: carry out daily field management.
Embodiment 3:
Soil is done the field piece, and method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field is taked following steps:
A) do furrow, directly the setting-out corrugate is done furrow on the rice stubble plate field of not ploughing, turn up soil thick 13cm and fitly ploughing in furrow face edge 20cm of furrow face width 100cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, the soil of corrugate;
B) basal dressing: with row application on corrugate soil is turned up soil inboard plate field;
C) transplanting rape: from the soil of the furrow ditch 20cm inboard transplanting rape of turning up soil, every furrow are transplanted 2 row rapes on the furrow face, spacing in the rows 15cm, and line-spacing 60cm, near furrow ditch Tu Fa, the dish root is close to the field face in furrow with the dish seedling, presses the dish root with soil crushing;
D) straw incorporation: plant a furrow rape, a furrow straw also immediately, directly the short straw of hand hay cutter not equably bedding on the furrow faces between the two row rapes;
E) zanjon is stopped up dish: rape is transplanted the same day, and the furrow ditch is uprooted the following 20cm of field face, and Tu Fa is moved up equably on the furrow face of rape root;
F) field management: carry out daily field management.
Claims (4)
1. method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A) do furrow, directly the setting-out corrugate is done furrow on the rice stubble plate field of not ploughing, furrow face width 100cm, and furrow furrow width 40cm, the corrugate soil thick 13cm of upturned soil also fitly ploughs in furrow face edge 20cm;
B) basal dressing: with row application on corrugate soil is turned up soil inboard plate field;
C) transplanting rape: from the soil of the furrow ditch 20cm inboard transplanting rape of turning up soil, every furrow are transplanted 2 row rapes, spacing in the rows 15cm, line-spacing 60cm on the furrow face;
D) total straw field also: plant a furrow rape, a furrow straw also immediately, the short straw of hand hay cutter not equably bedding on the furrow faces between the two row rapes;
E) zanjon is stopped up dish: rape is transplanted in back 3 days, and the furrow ditch is uprooted the following 20cm of field face, and Tu Fa is moved up equably on the furrow face of rape root;
F) field management: carry out daily field management.
2. method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step C recited above) transplanting rape, at ground moistening field piece, be commonly called as Foot Printing field piece, the field piece of promptly walking up and to leave footprints, near furrow ditch Tu Fa, the dish root is close to the field face in furrow, press the dish root with small clod with the rape dish seedling of transplanting.
3. method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step C recited above) transplanting rape, at soil mud alive field piece, be commonly called as and fall into pin field piece, promptly step on the field piece that pin can poach, mud capping is crossed toe, near furrow ditch Tu Fa, the dish root is in furrow and be pressed on the face of field with the rape dish seedling of transplanting, can not all be pressed into the dish root in the mud, can not be at all with mud.
4. method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step C recited above) transplanting rape, do the field piece at soil, be commonly called as not Foot Printing field piece, the field piece of promptly walking up and can not leave footprints, near furrow ditch Tu Fa, the dish root is close to the field face in furrow, press the dish root with soil crushing with the rape dish seedling of transplanting.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100306514A CN101543165B (en) | 2009-04-18 | 2009-04-18 | Method for tilling rice stubble rape field without need of tilling and punching |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100306514A CN101543165B (en) | 2009-04-18 | 2009-04-18 | Method for tilling rice stubble rape field without need of tilling and punching |
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| CN101543165A CN101543165A (en) | 2009-09-30 |
| CN101543165B true CN101543165B (en) | 2011-01-26 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101766093A (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2010-07-07 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Rape no-tillage place-transplanting total straw application high production and high efficiency method |
| CN101911870B (en) * | 2010-07-11 | 2011-11-16 | 狄正兴 | Rape-sweet potato double cropping return-straw-to-field cultivating method |
| CN103650860A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-26 | 狄正兴 | Rice stubble spring potato high-ridge deep-groove cultivation method |
| CN103650859A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-26 | 狄正兴 | Rice stubble spring potato groove-expanding soil-hilling anti-frost cultivation method |
| CN103583107A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-02-19 | 狄正兴 | Rice stubble spring potato furrow-expanding hilling straw furrow-burying improved plow pan |
| CN104081953A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-10-08 | 徐世云 | Rape transplanting method |
| CN106416645A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-02-22 | 汉中市农业技术推广中心 | Rice-stubble oilseed-rape no-tillage direct seeding technology |
| CN105850617A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-17 | 上海天谷生物科技股份有限公司 | Non-tillage direct-seeding and high-yielding cultivation method for rape stubble-water-saving and drought-resistance rice |
| CN106171445A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所 | The cultivation method for premature of the live Cotton Gossypii of stubble after a kind of Brassica campestris L |
| CN108401817A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-17 | 胡润 | A method of improving no-tillage and direct-seeding rape emergence rate and yield |
| CN110150058A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-23 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | A kind of method of the area You Daoliangshu rape Highly effective cultivation |
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2009
- 2009-04-18 CN CN2009100306514A patent/CN101543165B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 李晓霞.稻茬油菜免耕移栽高产栽培技术.《上海农业科技》.2008,(第3期),58，53. * |
| 李长江.稻茬油菜免耕高产栽培技术.《科学四川农业科技》.2007,(第11期),25-26. * |
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