CN101541167A - 基于水的液体农业化学配制剂 - Google Patents
基于水的液体农业化学配制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- IMEVJVISCHQJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflusulfuron-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C)=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OCC(F)(F)F)=NC(N(C)C)=N1 IMEVJVISCHQJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBXWFLISHPUINY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyltin Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 SBXWFLISHPUINY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种配制剂,其包含:(a)至少一种农药;和(b)至少一种式(I)的非离子表面活性剂:R1-O-(AO)x-(H);其中R1表示具有4-20个碳原子的直链或支化烷基;AO为亚乙基氧基、亚丙基氧基或亚乙基氧基与亚丙基氧基的混合物;和x对应于2-30的值;和(c)至少一种离子型三苯乙烯基苯基烷氧基化物;和(d)至少一种油;和(e)水;其中农药以悬浮液形式存在于水相中且油基本上不含农药。
Description
本发明涉及一种配制剂,其包含:
(a)至少一种农药;和
(b)至少一种式I的非离子表面活性剂:
R1-O-(AO)x-(H) (I),
其中:
R1表示具有4-20个碳原子的直链或支化烷基;
AO为亚乙基氧基、亚丙基氧基或亚乙基氧基与亚丙基氧基的混合物;
和
x对应于2-30的值;和
(c)至少一种离子型三苯乙烯基苯基烷氧基化物;和
(d)至少一种油;和
(e)水;
其中农药以悬浮液形式存在于水相中且油基本上不含农药。
包含烷氧基化三苯乙烯基苯酚的农用配制剂是已知的。WO2006/114186公开了油包水悬浮乳液,其中油相包含农药。EP 0514769公开了包含除草剂、芳族溶剂和乙氧基化三苯乙烯基苯酚的悬浮乳液。根据Mulqeen等人,Pesticide Science,1990,29,451-465,术语悬浮乳液在其中定义为″含有一种或多种活性成份的乳液相与呈固体分散体形式的含有多种活性成份中的一种的连续相″的组合。
配制化学家正面临的目标之一为开发将活性物质保持在稳定悬浮液中的配制剂。另一目的为提供植物保护中的许多应用所需的配制剂,其能够保持超过一种活性物质分散于悬浮液中或其能够在悬浮液中保持数种活性物质且使至少一种油在相同介质中乳化。
该目的通过包含如下物质的配制剂实现:
(a)至少一种农药;和
(b)至少一种式I的非离子表面活性剂:
R1-O-(AO)x-(H) (I),
其中:
R1表示具有4-20个碳原子的直链或支化烷基;
AO为亚乙基氧基、亚丙基氧基或亚乙基氧基与亚丙基氧基的混合物;
和
x对应于2-30的值;和
(c)至少一种离子型三苯乙烯基苯基烷氧基化物;和
(d)至少一种油;和
(e)水;
其中农药以悬浮液形式存在于水相中且油基本上不含农药。
该配制剂也可任选进一步包含溶剂(f)。该配制剂也可任选进一步包含非离子表面活性剂(g)。该配制剂也可任选进一步包含其它配制助剂(h)。
优选组份(a)至(f)的各自的量如下:
至少一种农药(a)的量为1重量%至至多60重量%;优选5-50重量%,最优选7.5-30重量%。式I的非离子表面活性剂(b)的量为0.5重量%至至多30重量%;优选2-5重量%。离子型三苯乙烯基苯基乙氧基化物(c)的量为0.5重量%至至多30重量%;优选5-15重量%。油(d)的量为5重量%至至多50重量%;优选20-40重量%。若存在溶剂(f),则溶剂的量为5重量%至至多50重量%,优选20-40重量%。若非离子表面活性剂(g)存在于该配制剂中,则选自氧化乙烯/氧化丙烯嵌段共聚物的非离子表面活性剂的量为0.5重量%至至多20重量%。
通常而言,水(e)的量使总量合计达100重量%。
若存在其它配制助剂,则其它配制助剂的量为0.1重量%至至多2重量%,优选0.5-1重量%。
式I的化合物为在本领域是众所周知的且尤其描述于如WO 03/00053、WO 00/35278、WO 05/105285和EP 1 140 741中。
式I的化合物与至少一种离子型三苯乙烯基苯基烷氧基化物的特定组合表示任何这些文献中未公开的基于水的液体农业化学配制剂的有利体系。
此外,下文中将表示-CH2-CH2-O-的亚乙基氧基缩写为″EO″,下文中将表示-CH2-CH(CH3)-O-的亚丙基氧基缩写为″PO″。
在式I中,m和n表示平均值。
非离子表面活性剂的优选组为式Ia的醇烷氧基化物:
R1-O-(-AO-)o-H (Ia),
其中:
R1具有上文所示的含义:且o表示2-20的数。
非离子表面活性剂的另一优选组为式Ib的醇烷氧基化物:
R1-O-(-EO-)n-(-PO-)m-H(Ib),
其中:
R1具有上文所示的含义;和
m表示1-10的数;和
n表示1-10的数。
非离子表面活性剂的另一优选组为式Ic的醇烷氧基化物:
R1-O-(-PO-)r-(EO-)s-H (Ic),
其中:
R1具有上文所示的含义;
r表示1-10的数;和
s表示1-10的数。
非离子表面活性剂的另一优选组为式Id的醇烷氧基化物:
CH3(CH2)tCH2O(CH2CH2O)u-H(Id),
其中:
t表示8-13的数;和
u表示6-17的数。
在上文所示的式中,R1优选表示丁基、异丁基、正戊基、异戊基、新戊基、正己基、异己基、正辛基、异辛基、2-乙基-己基、壬基、异壬基、癸基、正十二烷基、异十二烷基、月桂基、肉豆蔻基、异十三烷基、三甲基-壬基、棕榈基、硬脂基或二十烷基,其中优选2-乙基己基。
优选非离子表面活性剂为式Ib和式Ic的醇烷氧基化物,其中R1为2-乙基-己基[CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH(C2H5)-CH2-]。
更优选式Ib-1的醇烷氧基化物:
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH(C2H5)-CH2-(EO)n-(PO)m(Ib-1)
其中:
m为1-5;且
n为1-5;
其中n优选为3-5,m优选为1-2的值;和式Ic-1的醇烷氧基化物:
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH(C2H5)-CH2-(-PO-)r-(EO-)s-H (Ic-1)
r为1-10,优选为6;且
s为1-10,优选为8;和式Ic-2的醇烷氧基化物:
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH(C2H5)-CH2-(-PO-)r-(EO-)s-H(Ic-2)
r为1-5,优选1-3;且
s为1-5,优选2-4。
最优选式Ib的醇烷氧基化物,其中最最优选式Ib-1的醇烷氧基化物。
如上所述,在式I的所有醇烷氧基化物中,对m、n、o、r、s和u所给出的数值为平均值。
另外,以上各式给出醇烷氧基化物的通用定义。这些物质为具有不同链长的所示类型的物质的混合物。因此对于指数,也可计算出不同于整数的平均值。
例如可提及式(Ic-1)的醇烷氧基化物,其中r表示平均值6.2且s表示平均值8.3。
离子型三苯乙烯基苯基烷氧基化物(c)优选被磷酸化或硫酸化以及任选被碱中和。更优选三苯乙烯基苯基烷氧基化物包含式II:
其中w为3;和
v为1-60,更优选10-25,最优选16;AO为EO、PO或EO与PO结构部分的混合物,优选EO;和
R2为SO3H或H2PO3。
式II的各自的游离酸形式也可被碱中和,例如用以下水溶液中的碱中和:碱金属氢氧化物(例如NaOH、KOH)或铵化合物或胺(例如式III的胺:
NR1R2R3 (III),
其中R1、R2和R3相互独立地为氢、甲基、乙基或丙基,优选R1、R2和R3为乙基),使得R2=SO3X或HPO3Y(其中X和Y相互独立地表示NH4 +、(NR1R2R3)+(其中R1、R2和R3如上所定义)、Na+或K+)。
最优选离子型三苯乙烯基苯酚乙氧基化物,其优选被磷酸化或硫酸化且任选被碱中和,更优选其中R2为SO3X和HPO3Y(其中X和Y具有如上所定义的含义)的那些。本文中,最最优选式IIa的三苯乙烯基苯基乙氧基化物:
其中v为1-60,更优选10-25,最优选14-18;
和R2为SO3H或H2PO3。
各自的游离酸形式也可被碱中和,例如用以下水溶液中的碱中和:碱金属氢氧化物(例如NaOH、KOH)或铵化合物或胺(例如式III的胺:
NR1R2R3 (III),
其中R1、R2和R3相互独立地为氢、甲基、乙基或丙基,优选R1、R2和R3为乙基),使得R2=SO3X或HPO3Y(其中X和Y相互独立地表示NH4 +、(NR1R2R3)+(其中R1、R2和R3如上所定义),或K+)。
最优选式IIa的化合物,其中R2为SO3X和HPO3Y,其中X和Y具有如上所定义的含义。
在本领域中式II和式IIa的化合物的制备是已知的且其可例如类似于US 5,082,591中所述的方法进行。可通过将苯乙烯与苯酚缩合接着将其乙氧基化或乙氧基化-丙氧基化而获得式II和式IIa的化合物。可通过磷酸化(例如用P2O5)或硫酸化(例如用H2NSO3H),任选然后用碱(例如碱金属氢氧化物或铵化合物)将其中和来制备阴离子型三苯乙烯基苯基烷氧基化物。式I和/或式II的化合物可以市售产品得到,例如来自Rhodia的SoprophorFLK、Soprohor FL、Soprophor 4D384、Soprophor 4D360(钾盐、三乙醇胺盐、NH4 +盐)。
术语″至少一种油″(d)是指可使用一种油或油的混合物。
油(d)可选自由矿物油和合成油以及植物油和动物油,例如C8-C22脂肪酸的混合物。实例为中沸点至高沸点的矿物油馏份,例如煤油和柴油、石油衍生物,还有煤焦油、烃、石蜡油,苯或萘系列的未氢化、氢化或部分氢化的芳族或烷基芳族化合物,植物或动物来源的脂肪和油(如甘油单酯、甘油二酯和甘油三酯),其呈纯净或混合物形式,例如以天然产物的油提取物的形式,例如橄榄油、大豆油、向日葵油、蓖麻油、芝麻油、玉米油、花生油、菜籽油、亚麻仁油、杏仁油、向日葵油、椰子油、棕榈仁油、棕榈油、大豆油、油菜籽油、低芥酸菜籽油、玉米油,而且也可为牛脂油、鲸蜡油、鲱鱼油(hering oil)、蓖麻油及其残油,例如其氢化或部分氢化产物,尤其甲酯和乙酯。优选油为任何类型的矿物油(石油衍生物),而且也可为植物油,如椰子油、棕榈核油、棕榈油、大豆油、油菜籽油、低芥酸菜籽油、玉米油,以及牛脂油、鲸油、鲱鱼油、蓖麻油,其为天然产生的C8-C22脂肪酸的混合物,且可任选为其氢化或部分氢化的产物,尤其甲酯和乙酯。
术语″至少一种溶剂″(f)是指可使用一种有机溶剂或有机溶剂的混合物。
有机溶剂(f)可为极性或非极性溶剂。合适溶剂(f)的实例为室温下在水中的溶解度为<0.1%(w/w),馏程为130-300℃的C8-C11芳族石油衍生物(芳族烃)(可以如下牌号从ExxonMobil或BP购得:Solvesso 100、Solvesso 150、Solvesso 200、Solvesso 150ND、solvesso 200ND、Aromatic 150、Aromatic200、Hydro-sol A 200、Hydrosol A 230/270、Caromax 20、Caromax 28、Aromat K 150、Aromat K 200、Shellsol A 150、Shellsol A 100、Fin FAS-TX150、Fin FAS-TX 200),烃如闪点为40-250℃,馏程为150-450℃的贫含芳烃的线性链烷烃、异链烷烃、环烷烃。苯甲醚、二甲亚砜(DMSO)、N-甲基戊内酰胺和内酯(如γ-丁内酯);和酯,如乙酸苄酯、苯甲酸苄酯、苯甲酸丁酯、乙酸2-乙氧基丙酯、丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯;磷酸三丁酯;和酰胺,如N,N-二甲基辛酰胺和/或N,N-二甲基癸酰胺;和酮,如2-庚酮、环己酮、苯乙酮和苯乙酮衍生物,如4-甲氧基苯乙酮;和醇,如环己醇、苯甲醇二丙酮醇,例如4-羟基-4-甲基-2-戊酮、正辛醇、2-乙基己醇;二酯,如戊二酸二甲酯、琥珀酸二甲酯与己二酸甲酯的混合物或戊二酸二异丁酯、琥珀酸二异丁酯与己二酸二异丁酯的混合物;和乙二醇及其衍生物,如聚乙二醇、甘油、丙二醇、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、二丙二醇单甲醚、丙二醇单苯醚;和碳酸亚烷基酯,如碳酸亚丙酯、碳酸亚丁酯;和吡咯烷酮,诸如N-辛基吡咯烷酮、N-乙基吡咯烷酮、N-十二烷基吡咯烷酮的衍生物;和乳酸酯,如乳酸正丙酯、乳酸甲酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸异丙酯、乳酸丁酯,其以商品名Purasolv NPL-Purasolv ML-Purasolv EL-Purasolv IPLPurasolv BL市售;或选自上述溶剂中的至少两种的混合物。
如上所述,液体配制剂包含至少一种油(d)和任选进一步包含至少一种溶剂(f)。
可将农药溶于油或至少一种油与至少一种溶剂的混合物中(并随后在水中乳化)或溶于水中(如果农药为水溶性的)。
根据本发明,农药以悬浮液形式存在于水相中且油基本上不含农药。术语″基本上″是指相对于油的总重量,油中农药的浓度不超过5重量%,优选2重量%,尤其0.5重量%。
在使用超过一种农药,例如两种的情况下,农药可以固体形式(水中的悬浮液)存在或溶解于水中。本文中,农药可以相同形式(例如两者均以悬浮液形式的固体形式存在)或不同形式(例如一种农药溶解于水中,而另一种以在水相中的悬浮液形式存在)存在。在特别优选的实施方案中,两种农药均以在水相中的悬浮液形式存在且油基本上不含农药。本文中,优选配制剂不包含有机溶剂。
如上所定义的配制剂可包含选自氧化乙烯丙烯嵌段共聚物的另一种非离子表面活性剂(g),其中这些聚合物的分子量可位于850g/mol至3250g/mol范围内,例如由BASF销售的PE类型(例如PE 3100、PE 3500、PE 4300、PE 6100、PE 6200、PE 6400、PE 6800、PE7400、PE 8100、PE 9200、PE 9400、PE 10100、PE 10300、PE 10400、PE 10500)。
在特别优选的实施方案中,配制剂包含:
(a)一种或两种以悬浮液形式存在的农药;
(b)至少一种式I,优选式Ib或式Ic,更优选式Ib-1或式Ic-1或式Ic2,最优选式Ib-1的非离子表面活性剂;
(c)至少一种离子型三苯乙烯基苯基烷氧基化物,优选式II,更优选式II,最优选式IIa的三苯乙烯基苯基烷氧基化物;和
(d)至少一种油,其中该油基本上不含农药;和
(e)水;和
(g)选自氧化乙烯丙烯嵌段共聚物的非离子表面活性剂(g);且无溶剂。
配制剂任选也可包含适于配制农业化学品的其它配制助剂(h),如其它表面活性剂、消泡剂、防冻剂、稳定剂、防腐剂和/或抗氧化剂,任选若配制剂意欲用于种子处理目的,则可包含染料和/或粘合剂。
合适的稳定剂例如为羧酸(柠檬酸、乙酸、十二烷基苯磺酸)、正磷酸十二烷基苯磺酸及其合适的盐。合适的抗氧化剂例如为丁基羟基甲苯。
合适的防腐剂例如为1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮和/或2-甲基-2H-异噻唑-3-酮或苯甲酸钠或苯甲酸。
合适的防冻剂例如为甘油、乙二醇、己二醇和丙二醇。
合适的消泡剂例如为基于改性聚硅氧烷的消泡剂,例如聚二甲基硅氧烷。
可加入合适粘合剂以改进活性材料在处理后对于种子的粘附。合适粘合剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇和纤基乙酸钠。
适用于种子处理配制剂的染料为若丹明B、C.I.颜料红112、C.I.溶剂红1、颜料蓝15:4、颜料蓝15:3、颜料蓝15:2、颜料蓝15:1、颜料蓝80、颜料黄1、颜料黄13、颜料红112、颜料红48:2、颜料红48:1、颜料红57:1、颜料红53:1、颜料橙43、颜料橙34、颜料橙5、颜料绿36、颜料绿7、颜料白6、颜料棕25、碱性紫10、碱性紫49、酸性红51、酸性红52、酸性红14、酸性蓝9、酸性黄23、碱性红10、碱性红108。它们必须可溶于溶剂中。
配制剂以已知方式制备,例如通过将农药与如下物质混合而制备:如上所定义的溶剂和/或矿物油和如上所定义的本发明表面活性剂(b)、(c)和任选的(f)以及任选如上所定义的其它表面活性剂和配制助剂,(例如参见综述US 3,060,084、EP-A 707 445(对于液体浓缩物),Chemical Engineering,1967年12月4日,147-48,Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s Handbook,第4版,McGraw-Hill,New York,1963,第8-57页及随后各页。WO 91/13546;US 4,172,714;US 4,144,050;US 3,920,442;US 5,180,587;US 5,232,701;US 5,208,030;GB 2,095,558;US 3,299,566,Klingman,Weed Control asa Science(杂草防治科学),John Wiley and Sons,Inc.,New York,1961,Hance等,Weed Control Handbook(杂草防治手册),第8版,BlackwellScientific Publications,Oxford,1989和Mollet,H.,Grubemann,A.,Formulation technology(配制技术),Wiley VCH Verlag GmbH,Weinheim(德国),2001,2.D.A.Knowles,Chemistry and Technology of AgrochemicalFormulations(农业化学配制剂化学和技术),Kluwer Academic Publishers,Dordrecht,1998(ISBN 0-7514-0443-8)。
例如可通过在搅拌下加入如上所定义的油、溶剂来研磨相应农药直至活性物质完全处于溶液中,随后在容器中加入(乳化剂、防冻剂、消泡剂,最后加入水)以及合适的话其它助剂如染料防腐剂而制备配制剂。制备的另一实例为制备农药的预混合物湿磨基料,以符合所需的粒度分布。向湿磨基料中加入其它配制助剂,如消泡剂和增稠剂。混合油与任选乳化剂并将其搅拌以制备油性溶液。在搅拌下将具有配制助剂(消泡剂和增稠剂)的湿磨基料与油性溶液混合以得到最终配制剂。
对本发明而言,术语″至少一种农药″是指可使用一种或多种可选自杀真菌剂、杀虫剂、杀线虫剂、除草剂和/或安全剂或生长调节剂的化合物。本领域熟练技术人员熟知这些农药,其例如可在Pesticide Manual,第13版(2003),The British Crop Protection Council,London中找到。
以下可与本发明化合物一起使用的农药意欲说明可能性,而不施加任何限制:
杀虫剂可选自:
A.1.有机(硫代)磷酸酯类:高灭磷(Acephate)、唑啶磷(azamethiphos)、谷硫磷(Azinphos-methyl)、毒死蜱(Chlorpyrifos)、甲基毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos-methyl)、毒虫畏(Chlorfenvinphos)、二嗪农(Diazinon)、敌敌畏(Dichlorvos)、百治磷(Dicrotophos)、乐果(Dimethoate)、乙拌磷(Disulfoton)、乙硫磷(Ethion)、杀螟松(Fenitrothion)、倍硫磷(Fenthion)、异噁唑磷(Isoxathion)、马拉硫磷(Malathion)、甲胺磷(Methamidophos)、杀扑磷(Methidathion)、甲基一六零五(Methyl-Parathion)、速灭磷(Mevinphos)、久效磷(Monocrotophos)、砜吸磷(Oxydemeton-methyl)、对氧磷(Paraoxon)、一六零五(Parathion)、稻丰散(Phenthoate)、伏杀磷(Phosalone)、亚胺硫磷(Phosmet)、磷胺(Phosphamidon)、甲拌磷(Phorate)、辛硫磷(Phoxim)、虫螨磷(Pirimiphos-methyl)、丙溴磷(Profenofos)、丙硫磷(Prothiofos)、乙丙硫磷(Sulprophos)、杀虫畏(tetrachlorvinphos)、特丁磷(terbufos)、三唑磷(Triazophos)、敌百虫(Trichlorfon);
A.2.氨基甲酸酯:棉铃威(alanycarb)、涕灭威(aldicarb)、噁虫威(bendiocarb)、丙硫克百威(benfuracarb)、甲萘威(carbaryl)、虫螨威(carbofuran)、丁硫克百威(carbosulfan)、双氧威(fenoxycarb)、呋线威(furathiocarb)、灭虫威(methiocarb)、灭多虫(methomyl)、甲氨叉威(oxamyl)、抗蚜威(pirimicarb)、残杀威(propoxur)、硫双威(thiodicarb)、唑蚜威(triazamate);
A.3.合成除虫菊酯:丙烯除虫菊(allethrin)、氟氯菊酯(bifenthrin)、氟氯氰菊酯(cyfluthrin)、(RS)氯氟氰菊酯(Cyhalothrin)、苯醚氰菊酯(cyphenothrin)、氯氰菊酯(cypermethrin)、甲体氯氰菊酯(alpha-cypermethrin)、乙体氯氰菊酯(beta-cypermethrin)、己体氯氰菊酯(zeta-cypermethrin)、溴氰菊酯(deltamethrin)、高氰戊菊酯(esfenvalerate)、醚菊酯(etofenprox)、甲氰菊酯(fenpropathrin)、杀灭菊酯(fenvalerate)、咪炔菊酯(imiprothrin)、λ-氯氟氰菊酯(Lambda-Cyhalothrin)、γ-氟氯氰菌酯(gamma-cyhalothrin)、氯菊酯(permethrin)、炔酮菊酯(prallethrin)、除虫菊酯I和II、灭虫菊(resmethrin)、灭虫硅醚(silafluofen)、氟胺氰菊酯(Tau-Fluvalinate)、七氟菊酯(tefluthrin)、胺菊酯(tetramethrin)、四溴菊酯(tralomethrin)、四氟菊酯(transfluthrin)和丙氟菊酯(profluthrin)、四氟甲醚菊酯(dimefluthrin);
A.4.生长调节剂:a)几丁质合成抑制剂:苯甲酰基脲类:定虫隆(chlorfluazuron)、氟脲杀(diflubenzuron)、氟螨脲(flucycloxuron)、氟虫脲(flufenoxuron)、氟铃脲(hexaflumuron)、氟丙氧脲(lufenuron)、双苯氟脲(novaluron)、伏虫隆(teflubenzuron)、杀虫隆(triflumuron);噻嗪酮(Buprofezin)、噁茂醚(Diofenolan)、噻螨酮(Hexythiazox)、特苯噁唑(Etoxazole)、四螨嗪(Clofentazine);b)蜕皮激素拮抗剂:特丁苯酰肼(halofenozide)、甲氧苯酰肼(methoxyfenozide)、双苯酰肼(tebufenozide)、艾扎丁(Azadirachtin);c)保幼激素类似物:蚊蝇醚(pyriproxyfen)、蒙五一五(methoprene)、双氧威(fenoxycarb);d)类脂生物合成抑制剂:螺螨酯(spirodiclofen)、螺甲螨酯(spiromesifen)、螺虫乙酯(spirotetramat);
A.5.烟碱受体激动剂/拮抗剂化合物:噻虫胺(Clothianidin)、呋虫胺(dinotefuran)、吡虫啉(Imidacloprid)、噻虫嗪(Thiamethoxam)、硝胺烯啶(Nitenpyram)、吡虫清(acetamiprid)、噻虫啉(Thiacloprid);式(Γ1)的噻唑化合物:
A.6.GABA拮抗剂化合物:氯丹(acetoprole)、硫丹(endosulfan)、乙虫清(ethiprole)、锐劲特(fipronil)、氟吡唑虫(vaniliprole)、pyrafluprole、pyriprole、式Γ2的苯基吡唑化合物:
A.7.大环内酯杀虫剂:齐墩螨素(abamectin)、甲氨基阿维菌素(emamectin)、米尔螨素(milbemectin)、lepimectin、艾克敌105(spinosad),式(Γ3)的化合物(CAS No.187166-40-1):
A.8.METI I化合物:喹螨醚(fenazaquin)、哒螨酮(pyridaben)、吡螨胺(tebufenpyrad)、唑虫酰胺(tolfenpyrad)、flufenerim;
A.9.METI II和III化合物:灭螨醌(acequinocyl)、fluacyprim、灭蚁腙(hydramethylnon);
A.10.分离剂化合物:氟唑虫清(chlorfenapyr);
A.11.氧化磷酸化抑制剂化合物:三环锡(cyhexatin)、杀螨硫隆(diafenthiuron)、杀螨锡(fenbutatin oxide)、克螨特(propargite);
A.12.蜕皮干扰剂(Moulting disruptor)化合物:cryomazine;
A.13.混合功能氧化酶抑制剂化合物:增效醚(piperonyl butoxide);
A.14.钠通道阻断剂化合物:噁二唑虫(indoxacarb)、氰氟虫胺(metaflumizone);
A.15.下列各种化合物:benclothiaz、联苯肼酯(bifenazate)、杀螟丹(cartap)、氟啶虫酰胺(flonicamid)、啶虫丙醚(pyridalyl)、拒嗪酮(pymetrozine)、硫、硫环杀(thiocyclam)、氟虫酰胺(flubendiamide)、cyenopyrafen、吡氟硫磷(flupyrazofos)、丁氟螨酯(cyflumetofen)、amidoflumet、式Γ4的氨基喹唑啉酮化合物:
N-R’-2,2-二halo-1-R”环丙烷甲酰胺-2-(2,6-二氯-α,α,α-三氟对甲苯基)腙或N-R’-2,2-二(R”’)丙酰胺-2-(2,6-二氯-α,α,α-三氟对甲苯基)-腙,其中R’为甲基或乙基,halo为氯或溴,R”为氢或甲基和R”’为甲基或乙基,式Γ5的邻氨基苯甲酰胺(anthranilamide)化合物:
其中A1为CH3、Cl、Br、I,X为C-H、C-Cl、C-F或N,Y′为F、Cl或Br,Y″为F、Cl、CF3,B1为氢、Cl、Br、I、CN,B2为Cl、Br、CF3、OCH2CF3、OCF2H,且RB为氢、CH3或CH(CH3)2,和如JP 2002 284608、WO 02/89579、WO 02/90320、WO 02/90321、WO 04/06677、WO 04/20399、JP 2004 99597 WO 05/68423、WO 05/68432或WO 05/63694中所述的丙二腈化合物,尤其为丙二腈化合物CF3(CH2)2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)3CF2H、CF3(CH2)2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)5CF2H、CF3(CH2)2C(CN)2(CH2)2C(CF3)2F、CF3(CH2)2C(CN)2(CH2)2(CF2)3CF3、CF2H(CF2)3CH2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)3CF2H、CF3(CH2)2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)3CF3、CF3(CF2)2CH2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)3CF2H和CF3CF2CH2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)3CF2H。
组A的市售化合物可在The Pesticide Manual,第13版,British CropProtection Council(2003)和其它出版物中找到。式Γ2的硫酰胺及其制备描述于WO 98/28279中。Lepimectin由Agro Project,PJB Publications Ltd,2004年11月已知。Benclothiaz及其制备描述于EP-A1 454621中。杀扑磷和对氧磷及其制备描述于Farm Chemicals Handbook,第88卷,MeisterPublishing Company,2001中。Acetoprole及其制备描述于WO 98/28277中。氰氟虫胺及其制备描述于EP-A1 462 456中。吡氟硫磷描述于PesticideScience 54,1988,第237-243页和US 4822779中。Pyrafluprole及其制备描述于JP 2002193709和WO 01/00614中。Pyriprole及其制备描述于WO98/45274和US 6335357中。Amidoflumet及其制备描述于US 6221890和JP 21010907中。Flufenerim及其制备描述于WO 03/007717和WO 03/007718中。Cyflumetofen及其制备描述于WO 04/080180中。式Γ5的邻氨基苯甲酰胺及其制备描述于WO 01/70671;WO 02/48137;WO03/24222;WO 03/15518;WO 04/67528;WO 04/33468;和WO 05/118552中。丙二腈化合物CF3(CH2)2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)3CF2H 、CF3(CH2)2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)5CF2H、CF3(CH2)2C(CN)2(CH2)2C(CF3)2F、CF3(CH2)2C(CN)2(CH2)2(CF2)3CF3、CF2H(CF2)3CH2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)3CF2H、CF3(CH2)2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)3CF3、CF3(CF2)2CH2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)3CF2H和CF3CF2CH2C(CN)2CH2(CF2)3CF2H描述于WO 05/63694中。
杀真菌剂可选自下列:
1.嗜球果伞素类(Strobilurins),如腈嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、烯肟菌酯(enestroburin)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、亚胺菌(kresoxim-methyl)、叉氨苯酰胺(metominostrobin)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)、肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)、肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、(2-氯-5-[1-(3-甲基苄氧亚氨基)乙基]苄基)氨基甲酸甲酯、(2-氯-5-[1-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基甲氧基亚氨基)乙基]苄基)氨基甲酸甲酯、2-(邻-((2,5-二甲基苯氧基亚甲基)苯基)-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯;
2.羧酰胺类,如羧酰苯胺类:苯霜灵(benalaxyl)、麦锈灵(benodanil)、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、丙氧灭绣胺(mepronil)、呋菌胺(fenfuram)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamide)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、呋吡唑灵(furametpyr)、甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、甲呋酰胺(ofurace)、噁霜灵(oxadixyl)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、N-(4’-溴联苯-2-基)-4-二氟甲基-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰胺、N-(4’-三氟甲基联苯-2-基)-4-二氟甲基-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰胺、N-(4’-氯-3’-氟联苯-2-基)-4-二氟甲基-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰胺、N-(3’,4’-二氯-4-氟联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(2-氰基苯基)-3,4-二氯异噻唑-5-甲酰胺;羧酸吗啉化物:烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph)、氟吗啉(flumorph);苯甲酰胺类:氟联苯菌(flumetover)、fluopicolide(氟吡菌胺(picobenzamid))、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide);其他羧酰胺:氯环丙酰胺(carpropamid)、双氯氰菌胺(diclocymet)、双炔酰菌胺(mandipropamid)、N-(2-(4-[3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-炔氧基]-3-甲氧基苯基)乙基)-2-甲基磺酰基氨基-3-甲基丁酰胺、N-(2-(4-[3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-炔氧基]-3-甲氧基苯基)乙基)-2-乙烷磺酰基氨基-3-甲基丁酰胺;
3.唑类,如三唑类:双苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、环唑醇(cyproconazole)、噁醚唑(difenoconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、烯菌灵(enilconazole)、氧唑菌(epoxiconazole)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、氟硅唑(flusilazole)、喹唑菌酮(fluquinconazole)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、酰胺唑(imibenconazole)、环戊唑醇(ipconazole)、环戊唑菌(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、丙环唑(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、硅氟唑(simeconazole)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、唑菌醇(triadimenol)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、戊叉唑菌(triticonazole);咪唑类:氰霜唑(cyazofamid)、烯菌灵(imazalil)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、丙氯灵(prochloraz)、氟菌唑(triflumizole);苯并咪唑类:苯菌灵(benomyl)、多菌灵(carbendazim)、麦穗宁(fuberidazole)、涕必灵(thiabendazole);其他:噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、氯唑灵(etridiazole)、土菌消(hymexazole);
4.含氮杂环基化合物如吡啶类:氟啶胺(fluazinam)、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)、3-[5-(4-氯苯基)-2,3-二甲基异噁唑烷-3-基]吡啶;嘧啶类:磺嘧菌灵(bupirimate)、环丙嘧啶(cyprodinil)、嘧菌腙(ferimzone)、异嘧菌醇(fenarimol)、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、二甲嘧菌胺(pyrimethanil);哌嗪类:嗪氨灵(triforine);吡咯类:氟噁菌(fludioxonil)、拌种咯(fenpiclonil);吗啉类:4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉(aldimorph)、吗菌灵(dodemorph)、丁苯吗啉(fenpropimorph)、克啉菌(tridemorph);二羧酰亚胺类:异丙定(iprodione)、杀菌利(procymidone)、烯菌酮(vinclozolin);其他:噻二唑素(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、敌菌灵(anilazine)、克菌丹(captan)、敌菌丹(captafol)、棉隆(dazomet)、哒菌清(diclomezine)、氰菌胺(fenoxanil)、灭菌丹(folpet)、苯锈啶(fenpropidin)、噁唑酮菌(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)、异噻菌酮(octhilinone)、噻菌灵(probenazole)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、咯喹酮(pyroquilon)、喹氧灵(quinoxyfen)、三环唑(tricyclazole)、5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶、2-丁氧基-6-碘-3-丙基苯并吡喃-4-酮、N,N-二甲基-3-(3-溴-6-氟-2-甲基吲哚-1-磺酰基)-[1,2,4]三唑-1-磺酰胺;
5.氨基甲酸盐和二硫代氨基甲酸盐如二硫代氨基甲酸盐:福美铁(ferbam)、代森锰锌(mancozeb)、代森锰(maneb)、代森联(metiram)、威百亩(metam)、甲基代森锌(propineb)、福美双(thiram)、代森锌(zineb)、福美锌(ziram);氨基甲酸盐类:乙霉威(diethofencarb)、flubenthiavalicarb、异丙菌胺(iprovalicarb)、百维灵(propamocarb)、3-(4-氯苯基)-3-(2-异丙氧羰基氨基-3-甲基丁酰氨基)丙酸甲酯、N-(1-(1-(4-氰基苯基)乙基磺酰基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酸4-氟苯基酯;
6.其他杀真菌剂,如胍类:多果定(dodine)、双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine)、双胍盐(guazatine);抗菌素类:春雷素(kasugamycin)、多氧霉素(polyoxins)、链霉素(streptomycin)、井冈霉素(validamycin A);有机金属化合物类:三苯锡基盐;含硫的杂环基化合物:稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane)、二噻农(dithianon);有机磷化合物:克瘟散(edifenphos)、藻菌磷(fosetyl)、乙膦铝(fosetyl-aluminum)、异稻瘟净(iprobenfos)、定菌磷(pyrazophos)、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)、亚磷酸及其盐;有机氯化合物:甲基托布津(thiophanate-methyl)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene);硝基苯基衍生物:乐杀螨(binapacryl)、敌螨普(dinocap)、敌螨通(dinobuton);无机活性化合物:波尔多液(Bordeaux Mixture)、醋酸铜、氢氧化铜、王铜(copper oxychloride)、碱式硫酸铜、硫;其他:螺噁茂胺(spiroxamine)、环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、清菌脲(cymoxanil)、苯菌酮(metrafenone)。
除草剂选自下列:
b1)类脂生物合成抑制剂,如炔禾灵(chlorazifop)、炔草酯(clodinafop)、氯丁草(clofop)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop)、氯甲草(diclofop)、噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、高噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-p)、噻唑禾草灵(fenthiaprop)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、精吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop-P)、吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop)、精吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop-P)、恶草醚(isoxapyrifop)、噁唑酰草胺(metamifop),喔草酯(propaquizafop)、喹禾灵(quizalofop)、精喹禾灵(quizalofop-P)、三氟苯氧丙酸(trifop)、枯杀达(alloxydim)、丁氧环酮(butroxydim)、烯草酮(clethodim)、环己烯草酮(cloproxydim)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、环苯草酮(profoxydim)、稀禾定(sethoxydim)、醌肟草(tepraloxydim)、肟草酮(tralkoxydim)、苏达灭(butylate)、草灭特(cycloate)、燕麦敌(di-allate)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、扑草灭(EPTC)、禾草畏(esprocarb)、抑草威(ethiolate)、氮草(isopolinate)、甲硫苯威(methiobencarb)、草达灭(molinate)、坪草丹(orbencarb)、克草猛(pebulate)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、草克死(sulfallate)、杀草丹(thiobencarb)、丁草威(tiocarbazil)、野麦畏(triallate)、灭草猛(vernolate)、呋草黄(benfuresate)、乙呋草黄(ethofumesate)和地散磷(bensulide);
b2)ALS抑制剂,如磺氨黄隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑黄隆(azimsulfuron)、苄嘧黄隆(bensulfuron)、氯嘧黄隆(chlorimuron)、绿黄隆(chlorsulfuron)、醚黄隆(cinosulfuron)、环丙黄隆(cyclosulfamuron)、胺苯黄隆(ethametsulfuron)、乙氧嘧黄隆(ethoxysulfuron)、啶嘧黄隆(flazasulfuron)、氟定黄隆(flupyrsulfuron)、甲酰氨磺隆(foramsulfuron)、吡氯黄隆(halosulfuron)、啶咪黄隆(imazosulfuron)、碘黄隆(iodosulfuron)、甲基二磺隆(mesosulfuron)、甲黄隆(metsulfuron)、烟嘧黄隆(nicosulfuron)、环丙氧黄隆(oxasulfuron)、氟嘧黄隆(primisulfuron)、氟丙黄隆(prosulfuron)、吡嘧黄隆(pyrazosulfuron)、玉嘧黄隆(rimsulfuron)、嘧黄隆(sulfometuron)、乙黄黄隆(sulfosulfuron)、噻黄隆(thifensulfuron)、醚苯黄隆(triasulfuron)、苯黄隆(tribenuron)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、咪草酯(imazamethabenz)、咪草啶酸(imazamox)、甲基咪草烟(imazapic)、灭草烟(imazapyr)、灭草喹(imazaquin)、咪草烟(imazethapyr)、唑嘧磺胺盐(cloransulam)、唑嘧磺胺(diclosulam)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、氟唑啶草(flumetsulam)、唑草磺胺(metosulam)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)、双嘧苯甲酸(bispyribac)、肟啶草(pyriminobac)、丙苯磺隆(propoxycarbazone)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone)、嘧苯草肟(pyribenzoxim)、环酯草醚(pyriftalid)和嘧硫苯甲酸(pyrithiobac);
b3)光合成抑制剂,如莠去通(atraton)、莠去津(atrazine)、莠灭净(ametryn)、叠氮津(aziprotryn)、草净津(cyanazine)、硫草净津(cyanatryn)、可乐津(chlorazine)、环草津(cyprazine)、敌草净(desmetryn)、戊草津(dimethametryn)、杀草净(dipropetryn)、草止津(eglinazine)、抑草津(ipazine)、麦苏百津(mesoprazine)、醚草通(methometon)、盖草津(methoprotryne)、环氰津(procyazine)、丙草止津(proglinazine)、扑灭通(prometon)、扑草净(prometryn)、扑灭津(propazine)、另丁津(sebuthylazine)、密草通(secbumeton)、西玛津(simazine)、西玛通(simeton)、西草净(simetryn)、甲氧去草净(terbumeton)、特丁津(terbuthylazine)、去草净(terbutryn)、草达津(trietazine)、特津酮(ametridione)、特草嗪酮(amibuzin)、六嗪同(hexazinone)、嗪丁草(isomethiozin)、苯嗪草(metamitron)、赛克津(metribuzin)、除草定(bromacil)、异草定(isocil)、环草定(lenacil)、特草定(terbacil)、溴杀草敏(brompyrazon)、杀草敏(chloridazon)、敌米达松(dimidazon)、异苯敌草(desmedipham)、敌克草(phenisopham)、苯敌草(phenmedipham)、乙苯敌草(phenmedipham-ethyl)、噻草隆(benzthiazuron)、丁噻隆(buthiuron)、噻二唑隆(ethidimuron)、异恶隆(isouron)、噻唑隆(methabenzthiazuron)、单异恶隆(monoisouron)、丁唑隆(tebuthiuron)、赛唑隆(thiazafluron)、疏草隆(anisuron)、播土隆(buturon)、氯溴隆(chlorbromuron)、乙氧苯隆(chloreturon)、绿麦隆(chlorotoluron)、枯草隆(chloroxuron)、枯莠隆(difenoxuron)、丁噁隆(dimefuron)、敌草隆(diuron)、非草隆(fenuron)、伏草隆(fluometuron)、氟苯隆(fluothiuron)、异丙隆(isoproturon)、利谷隆(linuron)、灭草恒(methiuron)、色满隆(metobenzuron)、秀谷隆(metobromuron)、甲氧隆(metoxuron)、绿谷隆(monolinuron)、灭草隆(monuron)、草不隆(neburon)、对伏隆(parafluron)、稀草隆(phenobenzuron)、环草隆(siduron)、氟氧隆(tetrafluron)、赛二唑素(thidiazuron)、莎草快(cyperquat)、二乙除草双(diethamquat)、苯敌快(difenzoquat)、敌草快(diquat)、伐草快(morfamquat)、对草快(paraquat)、糠草腈(bromobonil)、溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、羟敌草腈(chloroxynil)、碘草腈(iodobonil)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)、氨唑草酮(amicarbazone)、杀草全(bromofenoxim)、三氟噁嗪(flumezin)、灭草定(methazole)、噻草平(bentazone)、敌稗(propanil)、蔬草灭(pentanochlor)、达草止(pyridate)和6-氯-3-苯基-4-哒嗪醇(pyridafol);
b4)原卟啉原-Ix氧化酶抑制剂,如氟锁草醚(acifluorfen)、治草醚(bifenox)、氯硝醚(chlomethoxyfen)、草枯醚(chlornitrofen)、氯氟草醚(ethoxyfen)、消草醚(fluorodifen)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen)、氯草醚(fluoronitrofen)、氟黄胺草醚(fomesafen)、氟呋草醚(furyloxyfen)、氟硝磺酰胺(halosafen)、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、除草醚(nitrofen)、硝氟草醚(nitrofluorfen)、氟硝草醚(oxyfluorfen)、异丙吡草酯(fluazolate)、氟唑草酯(pyraflufen)、吲哚酮草酯(cinidon-ethyl)、酰亚胺苯氧乙酸(flumiclorac)、氟噁嗪酮(flumioxazin)、炔草胺(flumipropyn)、达草氟(fluthiacet)、噻二唑胺(thidiazimin)、恶草灵(oxadiazon)、炔丙噁唑草(oxadiargyl)、唑啶炔草(azafenidin)、氟酮唑草(carfentrazone)、磺胺草唑(sulfentrazone)、戊噁唑草(pentoxazone)、双苯嘧草酮(benzfendizone)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、氟唑草胺(profluazol)、氟哒嗪草酯(flufenpyr)、flupropacil、吡氯草胺(nipyraclofen)和乙胺草醚(etnipromid);
b5)漂白剂除草剂,如氟哒草(metflurazon)、达草灭(norflurazon)、氟苯啶草(flufenican)、吡氟草胺(diflufenican)、氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen)、氟丁酰草胺(beflubutamid)、氟草同(fluridone)、氟咯草酮(flurochloridone)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、甲基磺草酮(mesotrione)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、异恶氯草酮(isoxachlortole)、异噁氟草(isoxaflutole)、吡草酮(benzofenap)、吡唑特(pyrazolynate)、苄草唑(pyrazoxyfen)、苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)、杀草强(amitrole)、异恶草酮(clomazone)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、4-(3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2-(4-三氟甲基苯基)嘧啶以及下式II的3-杂环基取代的苯甲酰基衍生物(参见WO 96/26202、WO 97/41116、WO 97/41117和WO 97/41118):
其中变量R8-R13如下所定义:
R8、R10为氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基亚磺酰基或C1-C6烷基磺酰基;
R9为选自如下的杂环基:噻唑-2-基、噻唑-4-基、噻唑-5-基、异噁唑-3-基、异噁唑-4-基、异噁唑-5-基、4,5-二氢异噁唑-3-基、4,5-二氢异噁唑-4-基和4,5-二氢异噁唑-5-基,其中上述9个基团可未被取代或被单取代或多取代,例如被卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基或C1-C4烷硫基单-、二-、三-或四取代;
R11为氢、卤素或C1-C6烷基;
R12为C1-C6烷基;
R13为氢或C1-C6烷基。
b6)EPSP合成酶抑制剂,如草甘膦(glyphosate);
b7)谷氨酰胺合成酶抑制剂,如草铵膦(glufosinate)和双丙氨酰磷(bilanaphos);
b8)DHP合成酶抑制剂,如黄草灵(asulam);
b9)有丝分裂抑制剂,如氟草胺(benfluralin)、地乐胺(butralin)、敌乐胺(dinitramine)、丁氟消草(ethalfluralin)、氟消草(fluchloralin)、异乐灵(isopropalin)、氟烯硝草(methalpropalin)、磺乐灵(nitralin)、黄草消(oryzalin)、胺硝草(pendimethalin)、氨基丙氟灵(prodiamine)、卡乐施(profluralin)、氟乐灵(trifluralin)、甲基胺草磷(amiprofos-methyl)、草胺磷(butamifos)、氟硫草定(dithiopyr)、噻氟啶草(thiazopyr)、拿草特(propyzamide)、丙戊草胺(tebutam)、敌草索(chlorthal)、长杀草(carbetamide)、氯草灵(chlorbufam)、氯苯胺灵(chlorpropham)和苯胺灵(propham);
b10)VLCFA抑制剂,如乙草胺(acetochlor)、甲草胺(alachlor)、丁草胺(butachlor)、丁烯草胺(butenachlor)、敌草乐(delachlor)、安塔(diethatyl)、克草胺(dimethachlor)、噻吩草胺(dimethenamid)、精噻吩草胺(dimethenamid-P)、吡草胺(metazachlor)、异丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、S-异丙甲草胺(S-metolachlor)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、扑草胺(propachlor)、异丙草胺(propisochlor)、广草胺(prynachlor)、猛杀草(terbuchlor)、噻醚草胺(thenylchlor)、二甲苯草胺(xylachlor)、草毒死(allidochlor)、草立死(CDEA)、磺唑草(epronaz)、草乃敌(diphenamid)、草萘胺(napropamide)、萘丙胺(naproanilide)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、苯噻草胺(mefenacet)、四唑酰草胺(fentrazamide)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、哌草磷(piperophos)、胺草唑(cafenstrole)、茚草酮(indanofan)和灭草环(tridiphane);
b11)纤维素生物合成抑制剂,如敌草腈(dichlobenil)、草克乐(chlorthiamid)、异恶草胺(isoxaben)和胺草唑(flupoxam);
b12)去偶(decoupler)除草剂,如消草酯(dinofenate)、硝丙酚(dinoprop)、戊硝酚(dinosam)、地乐酚(dinoseb)、地乐消酚(dinoterb)、二硝甲酚(DNOC)、硝草酚(etinofen)和丁硝酚(medinoterb);
b13)植物生长素除草剂,如稗草胺(clomeprop)、2,4-滴(2,4-D)、2,4,5-涕(2,4,5-T)、2甲4氯(MCPA)、酚硫杀(MCPA-thioethyl)、2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop)、高2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop-P)、2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop)、高2甲4氯丙酸盐(mecoprop-P)、2,4-滴丁酸(2,4-DB)、2甲4氯丁酸(MCPB)、草灭平(chloramben)、麦草畏(dicamba)、草芽平(2,3,6-TBA)、杀草畏(tricamba)、二氯喹啉酸(quinclorac)、喹草酸(quinmerac)、二氯皮考啉酸(clopyralid)、氟草烟(fluroxypyr)、毒莠定(picloram)、定草酯(triclopyr)和草除灵(benazolin);
b14)植物生长素输送抑制剂,如抑草生(naptalam)、二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr);
b15)新燕灵(benzoylprop)、氟燕灵(flamprop)、麦草伏M(flamprop-M)、溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide)、氯甲丹(chlorflurenol)、环庚草醚(cinmethylin)、苯丙隆(methyldymuron)、乙苯酰草(etobenzanid)、膦铵素(fosamine)、威百亩(metam)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、氯噁嗪草(oxaziclomefone)、棉隆(dazomet)、苯氧丙胺津(triaziflam)和溴甲烷(methyl bromide)。
优选杀真菌剂和杀虫剂。
优选杀虫剂为:氨基甲酸酯类如棉铃威、噁虫威、甲奈威、虫螨威、丁硫克百威双氧威、呋线威、噁二唑虫、灭虫威、灭多虫、甲氨叉威、抗蚜威、残杀威、硫双威、唑蚜威;
合成除虫菊酯如氟氯菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、甲体氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、高氰戊菊酯、醚菊酯、甲氰菊酯、杀灭菊酯、(RS)氯氟氰菊酯、λ-氯氟氰菊酯、氯菊酯、灭虫硅醚、氟胺氰菊酯、七氟菊酯、四溴菊酯、己体氯氰菊酯;
生长调节剂如几丁质合成抑制剂:苯甲酰脲类:定虫隆、氟脲杀、氟螨脲、氟虫脲、氟铃脲、氟丙氧脲、双苯氟脲、伏虫隆、杀虫隆;噻嗪酮、噁茂醚、噻螨酮、特苯噁唑、四螨嗪;b)蜕皮激素拮抗剂:特丁苯酰肼、甲氧苯酰肼、双苯酰肼;c)保幼激素类似物:蚊蝇醚、蒙五一五、双氧威;d)类脂生物合成抑制剂:螺螨酯;
新烟碱类如吡虫清、噻虫胺、氟啶虫酰胺、吡虫啉、硝胺烯啶、噻虫啉、噻虫嗪、呋虫胺;
和乙虫清、锐劲特、氰氟虫腙
N-R’-2,2-二halo-1-R”环丙烷甲酰胺-2-(2,6-二氯-α,α,α-三氟对甲苯基)腙或N-R’-2,2-二(R”’)丙酰胺-2-(2,6-二氯-α,α,α-三氟对甲苯基)-腙,其中R’为甲基或乙基,halo为氯或溴,R”为氢或甲基和R”’为甲基或乙基,
齐墩螨素、灭螨醌、虫螨脒、艾扎丁、联苯肼酯、芽孢杆菌(Bacillusthuringiensis)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtils)、杀螟丹、氟唑虫清、杀虫脒、灭蝇胺、杀螨硫隆、噁茂醚、甲氨基阿维菌素、硫丹、喹螨醚、伐虫脒、伐虫脒盐酸盐、灭蚁腙、噁二唑虫、4-{(2Z)-2-({[4-(三氟甲氧基)苯胺基]羰基}亚肼基)-2-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]乙基}苄腈、哒螨酮、啶虫丙醚、拒嗪酮、艾克敌105、硫、吡螨胺和硫环杀;
更优选杀虫剂为锐劲特、氟虫脲、伏虫隆、氰氟虫胺和甲体氯氰菊酯。
最优选杀虫剂为锐劲特、氟虫脲和甲体氯氰菊酯。
如上所述,还优选活性成分的混合物。例如优选如下杀虫剂混合物:甲体氯氰菊酯和吡虫清的混合物;锐劲特和吡虫啉的混合物;锐劲特和吡虫清的混合物;锐劲特和高灭磷的混合物;锐劲特和噻虫嗪的混合物;锐劲特和拒嗪酮的混合物;锐劲特和甲体氯氰菊酯的混合物;氰氟虫胺和吡虫清的混合物;氰氟虫胺和伏虫隆的混合物;甲体氯氰菊酯和毒死蜱的混合物;以及氰氟虫胺和氟虫脲的混合物,其中最优选锐劲特和甲体氯氰菊酯的混合物。
优选杀真菌剂是氧唑菌、唑菌胺酯、亚胺菌、多菌灵、苯菌酮、啶酰菌胺、戊叉唑菌、环戊唑菌、烯酰吗啉、丁苯吗啉、丙氯灵、烯菌酮、异丙定、二噻农、代森联、戊唑醇、腈嘧菌酯、代森锰锌、肟菌酯、百菌清、甲霜灵、藻菌磷、噁醚唑、环丙嘧啶、螺噁茂胺、丙硫菌唑、啶氧菌酯。
在下文中将如上所定义的配制剂的所有实施方案称为“本发明配制剂”。
本发明进一步涉及一种对抗有害昆虫和/或植物病原性真菌的方法,其包括使所述有害昆虫和/或植物病原性真菌,其栖息地,繁殖地,食物源,所述有害昆虫和/或植物病原性真菌正在生长或会生长的植物、种子、土壤、区域、材料或环境,或需防止所述有害昆虫和/或植物病原性真菌袭击或侵染的材料、植物、种子、土壤、表面或空间与有效量的本发明农业化学配制剂接触。
因此,本发明配制剂可用于防治各种栽培植物以及这些植物的种子上的大量植物病原性真菌或昆虫,或杂草,所述植物例如为小麦、黑麦、大麦、燕麦、稻、玉米、禾草、香蕉、棉花、大豆、咖啡、甘蔗、葡萄藤、水果和观赏植物以及蔬菜植物如黄瓜、豆类、西红柿、土豆和葫芦科植物。
本发明进一步涉及一种防治不希望的植物生长的方法和/或一种植物生长调节的方法,其包括使除草有效量或生长调节有效量的本发明农业化学配制剂作用于植物、其生长地或所述植物的种子。
术语植物病原性真菌包括但不限于如下属:
稻、蔬菜、大豆、油菜、糖用甜菜和水果上的链格孢属(Alternaria),糖用甜菜和蔬菜上的丝囊霉属(Aphanomyces),玉米、禾谷类、稻和草坪中的平脐蠕孢属(Bipolaris)和内脐蠕孢属(Drechslera),禾谷类中的禾白粉菌(Blumeria graminis)(白粉病),草莓、蔬菜、观赏花卉和葡萄上的灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)(灰霉病),莴苣上的莴苣盘梗霉(Bremia lactucae),玉米、大豆和糖用甜菜上的尾孢属(Cercospora),玉米、禾谷类、稻上的旋孢腔菌属(Cochliobolus)(如禾谷类上的禾旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus sativus),稻上的宫部旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus miyabeanus)),大豆和棉花上的剌盘孢属(Colletotricum),禾谷类和玉米上的内脐蠕孢属(Drechslera),玉米上的突脐蠕孢属(Exserohilum),葫芦上的二孢白粉菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum)和单丝壳白粉菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea),葡萄上的葡萄白粉病菌(Erysiphe necator),各种植物上的镰孢霉属(Fusarium)和轮枝孢属(Verticillium),禾谷类上的禾顶囊壳(Gaeumanomyces graminis),禾谷类和稻上的赤霉属(Gibberella)(例如稻上的藤仓赤霉(Gibberella fujikuroi),禾谷类上的玉蜀黍赤霉(Gibberella zeae)),稻上的Grainstaining complex,禾谷类上的Microdochium nivale,禾谷类、香蕉和花生上的球腔菌属(Mycosphaerella),大豆上的豆薯层锈菌(Phakopsora pachyrhizi)和山马蟥层锈菌(Phakopsara meibomiae),大豆和向日葵上的拟茎点霉属(Phomopsis),土豆和西红柿上的致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans),葡萄藤上的葡萄生单轴霉(Plasmopara viticola),苹果上的苹果白粉病菌(Podosphaera leucotricha),小麦和大麦上的小麦基腐病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides),啤酒花和黄瓜上的假霜霉属(Pseudoperonospora),禾谷类和玉米上的柄锈菌属(Puccinia),禾谷类上的核腔菌属(Pyrenophora),稻上的稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia oryzae),稻、玉米、棉花、低芥酸油菜、油籽油菜、向日葵、糖用甜菜、蔬菜、草坪、坚果和其他各种植物上的宫部旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus miyabeanus)和笹木伏革菌(Corticium sasakii)(立枯丝核病菌(Rhizoctonia solani)),半裸镰刀菌(Fusarium semitectum)(和/或串珠镰孢霉(moniliforme)),稻尾孢菌(Cercospora oryzae)、帚梗柱孢属(Sarocladium oryzae)、稻叶鞘腐败病(Sattenuatum)、稻叶黑粉菌(Entyloma oryzae)、藤仓赤霉(Gibberellafujikuroi)(bakanae),Grainstaining complex(各种病原体),平脐蠕孢属,内脐蠕孢属以及腐霉属(Pythium)和丝核菌属(Rhizoctonia),土豆上的立枯丝核病菌(Rhizoctonia solani),低芥酸油菜/油籽油菜和向日葵上的核盘菌属(Sclerotinia),小麦上的小麦壳针孢(Septoria tritici)和颖枯壳多孢(Stagonospora nodorum),葡萄藤上的葡萄钩丝壳(Uncinula necator),玉米上的丝轴黑粉菌(Sphacelotheca reilinia),大豆和棉花上的根串珠霉属(Thievaliopsis),禾谷类上的腥黑粉菌属(Tilletia),禾谷类、玉米和糖用甜菜上的黑粉菌属(Ustilago)以及苹果和梨上的黑星菌属(Venturia)(黑星病)。
术语“有害的昆虫害虫”包括但不限于下列节肢动物和线虫:
千足虫(倍足亚纲(Diplopoda))如Blaniulus属,
蚁类(膜翅目(Hymenoptera)),如Atta capiguara、切叶蚁(Attacephalotes)、Atta laevigata、Atta robusta、Atta sexdens、Atta texana、小黄家蚁(Monomorium pharaonis)、热带火蚁(Solenopsis geminata)、红火蚁(Solenopsis invicta)、红蚁属(Pogonomyrmex)和大头蚁(Pheidolemegacephala),
甲虫(鞘翅目(Coleoptera)),例如梨窄吉丁(Agrilus sinuatus)、直条叩头虫(Agriotes lineatus)、暗色叩头虫(Agriotes obscurus)和其他叩甲属(Agriotes)、Amphimallus solstitialis、Anisandrus dispar、墨西哥棉铃象(Anthonomus grandis)、苹花象(Anthonomus pomorum)、Aracanthusmorei、甜菜隐食甲(Atomaria linearis)、拟步甲属(Blapstinus)、纵坑切梢小蠹(Blastophagus piniperda)、Blitophaga undata、Bothynoderespunciventris、蚕豆象(Bruchus rufimanus)、豌豆象(Bruchus pisorum)、欧洲兵豆象(Bruchus lentis)、苹卷象(Byctiscus betulae)、甜菜大龟甲(Cassidanebulosa)、Cerotoma trifurcata、白菜籽龟象(Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis)、芫菁龟象(Ceuthorrhynchus napi)、甜菜胫跳甲(Chaetocnema tibialis)、Conoderus vespertinus和其他金针虫属(Conoderus)、Conorhynchusmendicus、石刁柏负泥虫(Crioceris asparagi)、Cylindrocopturusadspersus、Diabrotica(longicornis)barberi、Diabrotica semi-punctata、南美叶甲(Diabrotica speciosa)、黄瓜十一星叶甲(Diabroticaundecimpunctata)、玉米根叶甲(Diabrotica virgifera)和其他叶甲属(Diabrotica)、Eleodes属、墨西哥豆瓢虫(Epilachna varivestis)、烟草跳甲(Epitrix hirtipennis)、棉灰蒙象变种(Eutinobothrus brasiliensis)、欧洲松树皮象(Hylobius abietis)、埃及苜蓿叶象(Hypera brunneipennis)、紫苜蓿叶象(Hypera postica)、云杉八齿小蠹(Ips typographus)、烟草负泥虫(Lemabilineata)、黑角负泥虫(Lema melanopus)、马铃薯叶甲(Leptinotarsadecemlineata)、Limonius californicus和其他金针虫属(Limonius)、稻水象甲(Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus)、阿根廷茎象甲(Listronotus bonariensis)、玉米叩甲(Melanotus communis)和其他叩甲属(Melanotus)、油菜露尾甲(Meligethes aeneus)、大栗鳃金龟(Melolontha hippocastani)、五月鳃金龟(Melolontha melolontha)、水稻负泥虫(Oulema oryzae)、葡萄黑耳喙象(Ortiorrhynchus sulcatus)、Oryazophagus oryzae、草莓根象甲(Otiorrhynchus ovatus)、稻叶甲(Oulema oryzae)、辣根猿叶甲(Phaedoncochleariae)、Phyllotreta chrysocephala、Phyllophaga cuyabana和其他食叶鳃金龟属(Phyllophaga)、庭园发丽金龟(Phyllopertha horticola)、大豆淡足跳甲(Phyllotreta nemorum)、黄曲条菜跳甲(Phyllotreta striolata)和其他跳甲属(Phyllotreta)、日本金龟子(Popillia j aponica)、Promecopscarinicollis、Premnotrypes voraz、兰跳甲属(Psylliodes)、豌豆叶象(Sitonalineatus)、谷象(Sitophilus granaria)、Sternechus pinguis、Sternechussubsignatus以及Tanymechus palliatus和其他Tanymechus属;
蝇类(双翅目(Diptera)),如Agromyza oryzea、蛆症金蝇(Chrysomyabezziana)、Chrysomya hominivorax、Chrysomya macellaria、高粱瘿蚊(Contarinia sorghicola)、Cordylobia anthropophaga、瓜实蝇(Dacuscucurbitae)、油橄榄实蝇(Dacus oleae)、油菜叶瘿蚊(Dasineura brassicae)、葱蝇(Delia antique)、麦地种蝇(Delia coarctata)、灰地种蝇(Delia platura)、甘蓝地种蝇(Delia radicum)、小毛厕蝇(Fannia canicularis)、马蝇(Gasterophilus intestinalis)、Geomyza Tripunctata、刺舌蝇(Glossinamorsitans)、Haematobia irritans、Haplodiplosis equestris、纹皮蝇(Hypoderma lineata)、蔬菜斑潜蝇(Liriomyza sativae)、美国潜叶蝇(Liriomyza trifolii)、Lucilia caprina、铜绿蝇(Lucilia cuprina)、丝光绿蝇(Lucilia sericata)、Lycoria pectoralis、麦瘿蚊(Mayetiola destructor)、厩腐蝇(Muscina stabulans)、羊狂蝇(Oestrus ovis)、Opomyza florum、瑞典麦秆蝇(Oscinella frit)、天仙子泉蝇(Pegomya hysocyami)、葱蝇(Phorbiaantiqua)、萝卜蝇(Phorbia brassicae)、麦地种蝇(Phorbia coarctata)、Progonya leyoscianii、胡萝卜茎蝇(Psila rosae)、樱桃实蝇(Rhagoletiscerasi)、苹果实蝇(Rhagoletis pomonella)、Tabanus bovinus、Tetanopsmyopaeformis、Tipula oleracea和欧洲大蚊(Tipula paludosa),
异翅目昆虫(异翅目(Heteroptera)),例如拟绿蝽(Acrosternum hilare)、玉米长蝽(Blissus leucopterus)、大叶蝉科(Cicadellidae)如蚕豆微叶蝉(Empoasca fabae)、叶甲科(Chrysomelidae)、黑斑烟盲蝽(Cyrtopeltisnotatus)、飞虱科(Delpahcidae)、棉红蝽(Dysdercus cingulatus)、Dysdercusintermedius、麦扁盾蝽(Eurygaster integriceps)、Euschistus impictiventris、棉红铃喙缘蝽(Leptoglossus phyllopus)、美洲牧草盲蝽(Lygus lineolaris)、牧草盲蝽(Lygus pratensis)、黑尾叶蝉属(Nephotettix)、稻绿蝽(Nezaraviridula)、蝽科(Pentatomidae)、甜菜拟网蝽(Piesma quadrata)、Solubeainsularis和Thyanta perditor;
蚜虫和其他同翅目昆虫(同翅目(Homoptera)),例如Acyrthosiphononobrychis、落叶松球蚜(Adelges laricis)、Aphidula nasturtii、甜菜蚜(Aphisfabae)、草莓根蚜(Aphis forbesi)、大豆蚜(Aphis glycines)、棉蚜(Aphisgossypii)、北美茶簏子蚜(Aphis grossulariae)、苹果蚜(Aphis pomi)、Aphisschneideri、卷叶蚜(Aphis spiraecola)、Aphis sambuci、豌豆蚜(Acyrthosiphon pisum)、马铃薯蚜(Aulacorthum solani)、Brachycauduscardui、杏圆尾蚜(Brachycaudus helichrysi)、Brachycaudus persicae、Brachycaudus prunicola、甘蓝蚜(Brevicoryne brassicae)、Capitophorushorni、Cerosipha gossypii、Chaetosiphon fragaefolii、Cryptomyzus ribis、高加索冷杉椎球蚜(Dreyfusia nordmannianae)、云杉椎球蚜(Dreyfusiapiceae)、居根西圆尾蚜(Dysaphis radicola)、Dysaulacorthum pseudosolani、Dysaphis plantaginea、Dysaphis pyri、蚕豆微叶蝉(Empoasca fabae)、桃大尾蚜(Hyalopterus pruni)、Hyperomyzus lactucae、麦长管蚜(Macrosiphum avenae)、大戟长管蚜(Macrosiphum euphorbiae)、蔷薇管蚜(Macrosiphon rosae)、Megoura viciae、巢莱修尾蚜(Melanaphis pyrarius)、麦无网蚜(Metopolophium dirhodum)、Myzodes(Myzus)persicae、冬葱瘤额蚜(Myzus ascalonicus)、Myzus cerasi、李瘤蚜(Myzus varians)、Nasonoviaribis-nigri、稻飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)、囊柄瘿绵蚜(Pemphigusbursarius)、杨脉瘿绵蚜(Pemphigus populivenae)和其他瘿绵蚜属(Pemphigus)、蔗飞虱(Perkinsiella saccharicida)、忽布疣蚜(Phorodonhumuli)、木虱科(Psyllidae)如苹木虱(Psylla mali)、梨木虱(Psylla piri)和其他木虱属(Psylla)、冬葱瘤蛾蚜(Rhopalomyzus ascalonicus)、玉米蚜(Rhopalosiphum maidis)、禾谷溢管蚜(Rhopalosiphum padi)、Rhopalosiphum insertum、Sappaphis mala、Sappaphis mali、麦二叉蚜(Schizaphis graminum)、Schizoneura lanuginosa、麦长管蚜(Sitobionavenae)、白粉虱(Trialeurodes vaporariorum)、Toxoptera aurantiiand和葡萄根瘤蚜(Viteus vitifolii);
鳞翅目(Lepidoptera),例如小地老虎(Agrotis ypsilon)、黄地老虎(Agrotissegetum)和其他地虎属(Agrotis),木棉虫(Alabama argillacea)、黎豆夜蛾(Anticarsia gemmatalis)、Argyresthia conjugella、叉纹夜蛾(Autographagamma)、树尺蠖(Bupalus piniarius)、Cacoecia murinana、Capuareticulana、Cheimatobia brumata、二化螟(Chilo suppresalis)和其他禾草螟属(Chilo),云杉色卷蛾(Choristoneura fumiferana)、Choristoneuraoccidentalis、二化螟(Cirphis unipuncta)、稻纵卷叶虫(Cnaphlocrocismedinalis)、苹果小卷蛾(Cydia pomonella)、松毛虫(Dendrolimus pini)、Diaphania nitidalis、西南玉米杆草螟(Diatraea grandiosella)、埃及钻夜蛾(Earias insulana)、南美玉米苗斑螟(Elasmopalpus lignosellus)、女贞细卷蛾(Eupoecilia ambiguella)、切夜蛾属(Euxoa)、Evetria bouliana、Feltiasubterranea、蜡螟(Galleria mellonella)、李小食心虫(Grapholithafunebrana)、梨小食心虫(Grapholitha molesta)、棉铃虫(Heliothisarmigera)、烟芽夜蛾(Heliothis virescens)、玉米穗虫(Heliothis zea)、菜螟(Hellula undalis)、Hibernia defoliaria、美国白蛾(Hyphantria cunea)、苹果巢蛾(Hyponomeuta malinellus)、番茄虫蛾(Keiferia lycopersicella)、Lambdina fiscellaria、甜菜夜蛾(Laphygma exigua)、Lerodea eufala、咖啡潜叶蛾(Leucoptera coffeella)、旋纹潜蛾(Leucoptera scitella)、Lithocolletisblancardella、葡萄浆果小卷蛾(Lobesia botrana)、甜菜网螟(Loxostegesticticalis)、舞毒蛾(Lymantria dispar)、模毒蛾(Lymantria monacha)、桃潜蛾(Lyonetia clerkella)、黄褐天幕毛虫(Malacosoma neustria)、甘蓝夜蛾(Mamestra brassicae)、织蛾科(Momphidae)、黄杉毒蛾(Orgyiapseudotsugata)、玉米螟(Ostrinia nubilalis)、小眼夜蛾(Panolis flammea)、棉花红铃虫(Pectinophora gossypiella)、疆夜蛾(Peridroma saucia)、圆掌舟蛾(Phalera bucephala)、马铃薯麦蛾(Phthorimaea operculella)、柑桔潜叶蛾(Phyllocnistis citrella)、欧洲粉蝶(Pieris brassicae)、苜蓿绿夜蛾(Plathypena scabra)、菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)、大豆夜蛾(Pseudoplusiaincludens)、Rhyacionia frustrana、Scrobipalpula absoluta、Sesamianonagrioides和其他蛀茎夜蛾属(Sesamia),麦蛾(Sitotroga cerealella)、葡萄卷叶蛾(Sparganothis pilleriana)、草地夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)、海灰翅夜蛾(Spodoptera littoralis)、斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)、Thaumatopoea pityocampa、绿色橡木飞蛾(Tortrix viridana)、粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni)和Zeiraphera canadensis;
直翅目(Orthoptera),例如珍蝶科(Acrididae)、居屋艾蟋(Achetadomestica)、东方蜚蠊(Blatta orientalis)、德国小蠊(Blattella germanica)、欧洲球螋(Forficula auricularia)、蝼蛄(Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa)、飞蝗(Locusta migratoria)、双纹黑蝗(Melanoplus bivittatus)、红足黑蝗(Melanoplus femur-rubrum)、墨西哥黑蝗(Melanoplus mexicanus)、迁飞黑蝗(Melanoplus sanguinipes)、石栖黑蝗(Melanoplus spretus)、条纹红蝗(Nomadacris septemfasciata)、美洲蟑螂(Periplaneta americana)、美洲沙漠蝗(Schistocerca americana)、Schistocerca peregrina、Stauronotusmaroccanus和庭疾灶螽(Tachycines asynamorus);
白蚁(等翅目(Isoptera)),例如Calotermes flavicollis、乳白蚁属(Coptotermes)、玉米叶蝉(Dalbulus maidis)、Leucotermes flavipes、暗黄大白蚁(Macrotermes gilvus)、欧洲散白蚁(Reticulitermes lucifugus)和Termes natalensis;
蓟马(缨翅目(Thysanoptera)),例如烟褐蓟马(Frankliniella fusca)、苜蓿花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)、东方花蓟马(Frankliniella tritici)和其他花蓟马属(Frankliniella),桔硬蓟马(Scirtothrips citri)、稻蓟马(Thripsoryzae)、棕榈蓟马(Thrips palmi)、菖蒲蓟马(Thrips simplex)和烟蓟马(Thrips tabaci),
蜘蛛,例如蜱螨目(Acarina),例如软蜱科(Argasidae)、硬蜱科(Ixodidae)和疥螨科(Sarcoptidae),如长星形壁虱(Amblyomma americanum)、热带花蜱(Amblyomma variegatum)、波斯锐缘蜱(Argas persicus)、牛壁虱(Boophilus annulatus)、Boophilus decoloratus、微小牛蜱(Boophilusmicroplus)、Dermacentor silvarum、Hyalomma truncatum、蓖子硬蜱(Ixodes ricinus)、Ixodes rubicundus、Ornithodorus moubata、Otobiusmegnini、鸡皮刺螨(Dermanyssus gallinae)、绵羊疥病(Psoroptes ovis)、Rhipicephalus appendiculatus、Rhipicephalus evertsi、人疥螨(Sarcoptesscabiei)和瘿螨属(Eriophyidae),如苹果刺锈螨(Aculus schlechtendali)、Phyllocoptrata oleivora和Eriophyes sheldoni;细螨属(Tarsonemidae),如Phytonemus pallidus和侧多食跗线螨(Polyphagotarsonemus latus);细须螨属(Tenuipalpidae),如紫红短须螨(Brevipalpus phoenicis);叶螨属(Tetranychidae),如朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus)、神泽叶螨(Tetranychus kanzawai)、太平洋叶螨(Tetranychus pacificus)、棉叶螨(Tetranychus telarius)和二点叶螨(Tetranychus urticae),苹果叶螨(Panonychus ulmi)、柑椐叶螨(Panonychus citri)和Oligonychus pratensis;线虫,尤其是植物寄生线虫如根结线虫,北方根结线虫(Meloidogynehapla)、南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogynejavanica)和其他根结线虫属(Meloidogyne);形成胞囊的线虫,马铃薯金线虫(Globodera rostochiensis)和其他球胞囊属(Globodera);禾谷胞囊线虫(Heterodera avenae)、大豆胞囊线虫(Heterodera glycines)、甜菜胞囊线虫(Heterodera schachtii)、三叶草胞囊线虫(Heterodera trifolii)和其他胞囊线虫属(Heterodera);种子肿瘿线虫,粒线虫属(Anguina);茎叶线虫,滑刃线虫属(Aphelenchoides);刺线虫,杂草刺线虫(Belonolaimus longicaudatus)和其他针刺线虫属(Belonolaimus);松线虫,松材线虫(Bursaphelenchusxylophilus)和其他伞滑刃线虫属(Bursaphelenchus);环形线虫,环纹线虫属(Criconema)、小环线虫属(Criconemella)、轮线虫属(Criconemoides)、中环线虫属(Mesocriconema);球茎线虫,腐烂茎线虫(Ditylenchusdestructor)、甘薯茎线虫(Ditylenchus dipsaci)和其他茎线虫属(Ditylenchus);锥线虫,锥线虫属(Dolichodorus);螺旋形线虫,Heliocotylenchus multicinctus和其他Helicotylenchus属;鞘线虫和鞘形(sheathoid)线虫,鞘线虫属(Hemicycliophora)和Hemicriconemoides属;Hirshmanniella属;冠线虫,Hoploaimus属;伪根结线虫,珍珠线虫属(Nacobbus);针线虫,Longidorus elongatus和其他长针线虫属(Longidorus);根腐线虫,疏忽短体线虫(Pratylenchus neglectus)、穿刺根腐线虫(Pratylenchus penetrans)、Pratylenchus curvitatus、古迪短体线虫(Pratylenchus goodeyi)和其他根腐线虫属(Pratylenchus);穿孔线虫,香蕉穿孔线虫(Radopholus similis)和其他穿孔线虫属(Radopholus);肾形线虫,Rotylenchus robustus和其他盘旋线虫属(Rotylenchus);Scutellonema属;残根线虫,Trichodorus primitivus和其他毛刺线虫属(Trichodorus)、拟毛刺属(Paratrichodorus);阻长线虫,克莱顿矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchusclaytoni)、不定矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus dubius)和其他矮化线虫属(Tylenchorhynchus);柑桔线虫,垫刃线虫属(Tylenchulus);剑线虫,剑线虫属(Xiphinema);以及其他植物寄生线虫属。
防治不希望的植物生长的含义是指破坏杂草。杂草在最宽范围的意义上的含义是指所有生长在不希望它们出现的场所的那些植物。
如上所述,在对抗有害真菌和/或昆虫的方法的一个实施方案中,本发明配制剂还可用于处理来自植物的种子。
本发明还包括用本发明配制剂涂覆的种子。
术语种子包括所有类型的种子和植物繁殖体,其包括但不限于真正种子、种子块、吸根、球茎、球根、果实、块茎、谷粒、插条、伐条等且在优选实施方案中指真正种子。
合适的种子是禾谷类、根茎作物、油料作物、蔬菜、香料作物、观赏植物的种子,例如如下作物的种子:硬粒小麦和其它小麦,大麦,燕麦,黑麦,玉米(饲料玉米和糖玉米/甜玉米和饲料玉米),大豆,油料作物,十字花科作物,棉花,向日葵,香蕉,稻,油菜,芜菁,糖用甜菜,饲料甜菜,茄子,土豆,禾草,草坪,草皮,草料,西红柿,韭菜,南瓜/南瓜(squash),卷心菜,莴苣,胡椒,黄瓜,甜瓜,芸苔属,菜豆,豌豆,大蒜,洋葱,胡萝卜,块茎植物如土豆,甘蔗,烟草,葡萄,矮牵牛,天竺葵/老鹳草,三色堇和凤仙花。
此外,本发明配制剂还可用于处理由于包括基因工程方法的育种,耐受除草剂或杀真菌剂或杀虫剂作用的植物种子,例如耐受选自如下除草剂的转基因作物的种子:磺酰脲类(EP-A-0257993、美国专利No.5,013,659),咪唑啉酮类(例如参见US 6222100、WO0182685、WO0026390、WO9741218、WO9802526、WO9802527、WO 04/106529、WO 05/20673、WO 03/14357、WO 03/13225、WO 03/14356、WO 04/16073),草铵膦类(例如参见EP-A-0242236、EP-A-242246)或草甘膦类(例如参见WO 92/00377),或耐受选自环己二烯酮/芳氧基苯氧基丙酸除草剂的作物种子(US5.162,602、US 5,290,696、US 5,498,544、US 5,428,001、US 6,069,298、US6,268,550、US 6,146,867、US 6,222,099、US 6,414,222),或转基因作物植物,例如棉花的种子,它们能产生芽孢杆菌毒素(Bt毒素)并且因此耐受某些害虫(EP-A-0142924、EP-A-0193259)。
本发明配制剂的种子处理施用通过熟练技术人员已知的方法,通过在植物播种之前和在植物出苗之前喷雾种子或对种子撒粉而进行。
在种子处理中,对应的配制剂通过用有效量的本发明配制剂处理种子而施用。这里,农药的施用率通常为0.1g-10kg,优选1g-5kg,尤其是1g-2.5kg/100kg种子。对特定作物如莴苣或洋葱而言,所述施用率可更高。
与已知农业化学配制剂相比,本发明提供数个优点:可使一种或甚至超过一种农药保持在稳定悬浮液中。另外,可将油加入配制剂。此外,与乳油相比,配制剂的毒性因有机溶剂的浓度降低,或通过降低溶解于有机溶剂中农药量而降低。另一优点为在乳液相中在较低温下或在储存期间没有农药结晶的风险,这是因为油中基本上不含农药。
以下实施例进一步说明本发明而非限制本发明。
实施例1-包含甲体氯氰菊酯和锐劲特的配制剂的制备
A)制备预混物
通过搅拌在容器中制备280g水、0.75g柠檬酸、2g Acticide MBS(1,2-苯并异噻唑-3-(2H)-酮+2-甲基-2H-异噻唑-3-酮)、83.3g Pluronic PE10500(来自BASF的非离子表面活性剂,氧化乙烯丙烯嵌段共聚物,18重量%,在水中)和100g Soprophor FLK(来自Rhodia的离子型三苯乙烯基苯基乙氧基化物)的溶液(直至溶解)。随后,在搅拌条件下加入180g锐劲特,随后加入120g甲体氯氰菊酯。随后加入2.5g Rhodorsil 416(来自Rhodia的二烷基聚硅氧烷消泡剂)直至所得混合物均匀。
随后使所得悬浮液通过水平珠磨机(玻璃或锆珠粒)直至获得粒度规格(80%<2微米)。研磨后,在搅拌条件下加入0.75g黄原胶(增稠剂)并将其搅拌直至溶解。
B)制备油相
在分开容器中,在搅拌下将300g玉米油和20g式(Ib)的醇烷氧基化物(来自AKZO的GT2624)混合直至获得清澈液体。
C)制备最终产物
将320g油相加入770.75g研磨预混物(量取决于具体成份的纯度)中并通过胶体磨共混直至均匀。
对比例
Claims (10)
1.一种配制剂,其包含:
(a)至少一种农药;和
(b)至少一种式I的非离子表面活性剂:
R1-O-(A0)x-(H) (I),
其中:
R1表示具有4-20个碳原子的直链或支化烷基;
A0为亚乙基氧基、亚丙基氧基或亚乙基氧基与亚丙基氧基的混合物;
和
x对应于2-30的值;和
(c)至少一种离子型三苯乙烯基苯基烷氧基化物;和
(d)至少一种油;和
(e)水;
其中农药以悬浮液形式存在于水相中且油基本上不含农药。
2.根据权利要求1的配制剂,其额外包含至少一种溶剂(f)。
3.根据权利要求1或2的配制剂,其中非离子表面活性剂(b)包括式(Ib):
R1-O-(A)n-(B)m-(H)(Ib),
其中:
R1表示具有4-20个碳原子的直链或支化烷基;
A为亚乙基氧基;
B为亚丙基氧基;
和n、m对应于1-10的值,条件是m、n的和为至少2。
4.根据权利要求3的配制剂,其中在非离子表面活性剂(b)的式Ib中,R1表示2-乙基己基。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的配制剂,其中组份(c)表示离子型磷酸化或硫酸化离子型三苯乙烯基苯酚乙氧基化物。
6.根据权利要求1-6中任一项的配制剂,其额外包含另一种选自氧化乙烯/氧化丙烯嵌段共聚物的非离子表面活性剂(f)。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项的配制剂,其中所述油不含农药。
8.一种对抗有害昆虫和/或植物病原性真菌的方法,其包括使所述有害昆虫和/或植物病原性真菌,其栖息地,繁殖地,食物源,所述有害昆虫和/或植物病原性真菌正在生长或会生长的植物、种子、土壤、区域、材料或环境,或需防止所述有害昆虫和/或植物病原性真菌袭击或侵染的材料、植物、种子、土壤、表面或空间与有效量的根据权利要求1-7中任一项的农业化学配制剂接触。
9.一种防治不希望的植物生长的方法,其包括使除草有效量的根据权利要求1-7中任一项的农业化学配制剂作用于植物、其生长地或所述植物的种子。
10.用根据权利要求1-7中任一项的配制剂处理的种子。
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ECSP099429A (es) | 2009-07-31 |
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BRPI0719027A2 (pt) | 2014-02-25 |
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JP2010510279A (ja) | 2010-04-02 |
US8178117B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 |
WO2008061899A2 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
AU2007324614A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
CL2007003342A1 (es) | 2008-07-04 |
CA2668968C (en) | 2014-01-21 |
CR10783A (es) | 2009-07-23 |
PH12009500961A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
KR101526016B1 (ko) | 2015-06-04 |
UA98128C2 (ru) | 2012-04-25 |
PE20081218A1 (es) | 2008-11-06 |
AU2007324614B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
TW200829161A (en) | 2008-07-16 |
KR20090105917A (ko) | 2009-10-07 |
CA2668968A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
EA200900653A1 (ru) | 2009-12-30 |
US20100016155A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
JP5260540B2 (ja) | 2013-08-14 |
EA019134B1 (ru) | 2014-01-30 |
AR063905A1 (es) | 2009-02-25 |
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