CN101524027A - Easy drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technology for dry crops - Google Patents
Easy drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technology for dry crops Download PDFInfo
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- CN101524027A CN101524027A CN200910043104A CN200910043104A CN101524027A CN 101524027 A CN101524027 A CN 101524027A CN 200910043104 A CN200910043104 A CN 200910043104A CN 200910043104 A CN200910043104 A CN 200910043104A CN 101524027 A CN101524027 A CN 101524027A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an easy drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technology for dry crops, comprising four steps: before-sowing preparation, sowing, seedling management and transplantation. A seedling substrate comprises the following ingredients: vermiculite, grass carbon, sand, a seedling water retention agent, NEB and water. The invention provides a drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technology which overcomes the defects of labor and time waste, high production cost and poor drought-resistant effect of the prior seedling transplantation technology, has strong moisture retention, good ventilation property, strong resistance against diseases and high survival rate, greatly lowers seedling danger, shortens a seedling-recovering period than the prior seedling transplantation technology, enables the seedling-recovering period to be general from 1 day to 3 days and be manually or mechanically transplanted and is simple to operate, and a substrate after being mounted in a tray only needs a moisture management measure and does not need spraying any other regulator. The technology adopts a moisture control measure of alternating dryness and wetting so as to effectively balance and control the nourishment of roots and the growth of seedlings, and adopts ventilation to fully harden the seedlings and have strong capability for suiting the external environment, thereby being very convenient to seedling and far-distance transportation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the seedling growing process of agriculture field, specifically relate to the light simple drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technique of a kind of dry land crop.
Background technology
Dry land crop is the main economic crops of China.Main economic crops such as cotton, vegetables, fruit are not only raw materials such as the important industry of China, national defence, medicine, and are necessity of people life in the dry crop, and its science seedling transplanting technique involves the interests of the state and the people.
At present, the seedling transplanting technique that China dry land crop adopts, take a lot of work, time-consuming, production cost is high, has greatly restricted the dry crop late growing stage, has influenced crop yield, is unfavorable for dry crop industrialization, large-scale development.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiency of similar technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of moisture capacity is strong, good permeability, resistance against diseases be strong, the light simple drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technique of the dry land crop that survival rate is high, this technology can be carried out artificial or mechanization transplanting.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
(1) broadcasts preceding preparation, promptly prepare enough seed and prepare enough material;
Select seed, seed will be selected for use and be fit to the authorization kind of planting in the locality, will screen before seed is broadcast;
Build the seedbed, set up the seedbed in suitable place;
Configuration matrix, the composition of matrix comprises vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, sand, the water-loss reducer of growing seedlings, NEB and water;
(2) sowing is suitable for throughout the year, with the matrix that the configures seedling-cultivating tray of packing into, wipes off; Then by the even program request in every cave, use vermiculite and sand to add suitable quantity of water in 1: 1 by volume again and evenly mix back covering seed, cladding thickness 1cm-1.5cm, card is floating, clap pressure with plank, and additional low amounts of water, one deck mulch film covered at bed surface, add a cover little shed with plastic sheeting for farm use then, be convenient to heat and moisture preserving;
(3) seedling management
1. before cotyledon was open and flat, temperature was controlled at 30 ℃-35 ℃; After cotyledon was open and flat, temperature was controlled at 25 ℃-30 ℃, anti-high pin seedling;
2. see the suitable moisturizing of seedling, adopt the method for alternation of wetting and drying, control moisture;
(4) transplant, after planting reach certain seedling age, just can transplant;
1. 5-7 days hardenings of will day and night ventilating before transplanting;
2. transplant and to water an amount of " sending Miao Shui " in preceding 1 day, make things convenient for lifting; Or the dried lifting that do not water, root system is soaked 30 minutes before transplanting;
3. in order to ensure transplant survival, require meticulous whole ground.Transplanting is divided into two steps:
A, lifting: during lifting that seedling-cultivating tray is edge-on, from seedling-cultivating tray, transfer to seedling gently, expose root system, light rising emerged, and is bundled into wisp, and every bundle 30-50 strain is transported to field-transplanting with the young plant vanning then;
B, transplanting: substrate seedling is transplanted and to be planted with scoop, if transplant in the plate field, also available card punch is by suitable degree of depth punching, puts seedling, overburden soil, sets upright seedling, the jam-packed compacting.If mouthful moisture in the soil is good, do not need to water normal root water;
4. 10-15 days forbidding weed killer herbicides before transplanting, the weed removal mulch film of selecting for use with good conditionsi;
5. in time prevent and treat the harm of cutworm and snail after planting, save seedling from damage.
The preferable composition volume ratio of matrix is: the peat composed of rotten mosses 20%, sand 10%, vermiculite 50%, water-loss reducer, NEB and water totally 20%.Wherein water-loss reducer is by 1: 300 times of dilution, and NEB is by 1: 500 times of dilution.
6. adopt vermiculite and sand to make covering, 1: 1 by volume proportioning, humidity is pinched agglomerating with hand, and unclamping promptly looses is advisable.
Advantage of the present invention is:
The light simple drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technique of dry land crop is owing to adopted the matrix that moisture capacity is strong, gas permeability is strong, resistance against diseases is strong, reduce the risk of growing seedlings greatly, survival rate height behind the seedling raising and transplanting, shorter than existing seedling transplanting technique seedling-slowing stage, seedling-slowing stage is generally at 1-3 days.The present invention is simple to operate, only need carry out the water management measure behind the medium in tray.Do not need to spray other any conditioning agents.The moisture control measure that present technique is taked are alternations of wetting and drying, make well developed root system, the growth of growing seedlings obtains active balance control.Ventilation is able to abundant hardening, and it is strong to adapt to the external environment ability, and is very convenient to lifting and remote transportation.
The concrete advantage of the light simple drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technique of dry land crop is as follows: 1. seedbed planting percent height.Build seedbed and streamlining management in accordance with regulations, seed quality meets standard, and the planting percent in most of seedbeds can reach 95%-100%, obviously lowers mashed son, the risk of mashed bud and dead seedling.2. transplanting survival rate height, drought-resistant ability is strong, reduces greatly and transplants risk.The survival rate of seedling raising and transplanting reaches more than 95%, 3. high efficiency.General volume increase reaches 6%-20%.4. economize and plant." two mu of seedlings of one mu of seed " save fine finishining bag seed 50%-70%.5. economize ground.The general ground of economizing is more than 50%; Promptly can before the room, grow seedlings also practicable scale or factorial seedling growth behind the house.6. save time.Growing-seedling period is short, generally emerges than traditional seedling method and shortens 3 days.7. laborsaving.8. saving of labor.9. cost is suitable can accept.10. the recycling and multiple use of matrix environmental protection.
Embodiment
Prepare enough seed and prepare enough material, just build the seedbed after preparation is carried out, the seedbed to be chosen in physical features smooth, ventilate on the sunny side, high-land, draining are convenient, the place being convenient to manage.Plan for wide 1.2 meters by long some rice in the seedbed, bed end place mat plastic sheeting for farm use.Dispose matrix again, the concrete composition volume ratio of matrix is: the peat composed of rotten mosses 20%, sand 10%, vermiculite 50%, water-loss reducer, NEB and water totally 20%, wherein water-loss reducer by 1: 300 times of dilution: NEB by 1: 1000 times of dilution.And above matrix mixed thoroughly, humidity with hand pinch agglomerating, unclamp promptly to loose and be advisable, sowing is suitable for throughout the year.With the matrix that the stirs seedling-cultivating tray of packing into, wipe off; Then by the even program request in every cave, use vermiculite and sand to add suitable quantity of water in 1: 1 by volume again and evenly mix the covering seed, cladding thickness 1cm-1.5cm, card is floating, clap pressure with plank, and additional low amounts of water, one deck mulch film covered at bed surface, add a cover little shed with plastic sheeting for farm use then, be convenient to heat and moisture preserving; Seedling management to note following some: before cotyledon was open and flat, temperature was controlled at 30 ℃-35 ℃; After cotyledon was open and flat, temperature was controlled at 25 ℃-30 ℃, anti-high pin seedling; See the suitable moisturizing of seedling, adopt the method for alternation of wetting and drying, control moisture content, wherein alternation of wetting and drying is meant: whenever seedling just carries out moisturizing here the time soon, make that to bring out the seedling that comes drought-enduring, vitality is strong, the survival rate height.
After planting reach certain seedling age and just can transplant, before transplanting, do several work:
1. 5-7 days hardenings of will day and night ventilating before transplanting;
2. transplant and to water an amount of " sending Miao Shui " in preceding 1 day, make things convenient for lifting; Or the dried lifting that do not water, before transplanting with soaked 30 minutes of root system;
3. in order to ensure transplant survival, require meticulous whole ground.Transplanting is divided into two steps:
A, lifting: during lifting that seedling-cultivating tray is edge-on, from seedling-cultivating tray, transfer to seedling gently, expose root system, light rising emerged, and is bundled into wisp, and every bundle 30-50 strain is transported to field-transplanting with the young plant vanning then;
B, transplanting: substrate seedling is transplanted and to be planted with scoop, if transplant in the plate field, also available card punch is by suitable degree of depth punching, puts seedling, overburden soil, sets upright seedling, the jam-packed compacting.If mouthful moisture in the soil is good, do not need to water normal root water.
The present invention is applicable to growing seedlings of all dry land crops, therefore has wide application value.
Claims (3)
1. light simple drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technique of dry land crop is characterized in that:
(1) broadcasts preceding preparation, promptly prepare enough seed and prepare enough material;
Select seed, seed will be selected for use and be fit to the authorization kind of planting in the locality, will screen before seed is broadcast;
Build the seedbed, set up the seedbed in suitable place;
Configuration matrix, the composition of matrix comprises vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, sand, the water-loss reducer of growing seedlings, NEB and water;
(2) sowing is suitable for throughout the year, with the matrix that the configures seedling-cultivating tray of packing into, wipes off; Then by the even program request in every cave, use vermiculite and sand to add suitable quantity of water in 1: 1 by volume again and evenly mix back covering seed, cladding thickness 1cm-1.5cm, card is floating, clap pressure with plank, and additional low amounts of water, one deck mulch film covered at bed surface, add a cover little shed with plastic sheeting for farm use then, be convenient to heat and moisture preserving;
(3) seedling management
1. before cotyledon was open and flat, temperature was controlled at 30 ℃-35 ℃; After cotyledon was open and flat, temperature was controlled at 25 ℃-30 ℃, anti-high pin seedling;
2. see the suitable moisturizing of seedling, adopt the method for alternation of wetting and drying, control moisture;
(4) transplant, after planting reach certain seedling age, just can transplant;
1. 5-7 days hardenings of will day and night ventilating before transplanting;
2. transplant and to water an amount of " sending Miao Shui " in preceding 1 day, make things convenient for lifting; Or the dried lifting that do not water, before transplanting with soaked 30 minutes of root system;
3. in order to ensure transplant survival, require meticulous whole ground; Transplanting is divided into two steps:
A, lifting: during lifting that seedling-cultivating tray is edge-on, from seedling-cultivating tray, transfer to seedling gently, expose root system, light rising emerged, and is bundled into wisp, and every bundle 30-50 strain is transported to field-transplanting with the young plant vanning then;
B, transplanting: substrate seedling is transplanted and to be planted with scoop, if transplant in the plate field, also available card punch is by suitable degree of depth punching, puts seedling, overburden soil, sets upright seedling, the jam-packed compacting; If mouthful moisture in the soil is good, do not need to water normal root water;
4. 10-15 days forbidding weed killer herbicides before transplanting, the weed removal mulch film of selecting for use with good conditionsi;
5. in time prevent and treat the harm of cutworm and snail after planting, save seedling from damage;
6. adopt vermiculite and sand to make covering, 1: 1 by volume proportioning, humidity is pinched agglomerating with hand, and unclamping promptly looses is advisable.
2. the light simple drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technique of a kind of dry land crop according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete composition volume ratio of described matrix is: the peat composed of rotten mosses 20%, sand 10%, vermiculite 50%, water-loss reducer, NEB and water totally 20%, wherein water-loss reducer is by 1: 300 times of dilution, and NEB is by 1: 500 times of dilution.
3. the light simple drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technique of a kind of dry land crop according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described seedbed to be chosen in physical features smooth, ventilate on the sunny side, high-land, draining are convenient, the place being convenient to manage; Plan for wide 1.2 meters by long some rice in the seedbed, bed end place mat plastic sheeting for farm use.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910043104XA CN101524027B (en) | 2009-04-08 | 2009-04-08 | Easy drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technology for dry crops |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910043104XA CN101524027B (en) | 2009-04-08 | 2009-04-08 | Easy drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technology for dry crops |
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| CN101524027A true CN101524027A (en) | 2009-09-09 |
| CN101524027B CN101524027B (en) | 2011-08-03 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2505953C1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-02-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Российский государственный аграрный университет-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева (ФГБОУ ВПО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева) | Method of growing seedlings |
| CN111887086A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 海南省农业科学院热带园艺研究所 | Transplanting method of velvet dye leaf rice trees |
-
2009
- 2009-04-08 CN CN200910043104XA patent/CN101524027B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2505953C1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-02-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Российский государственный аграрный университет-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева (ФГБОУ ВПО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева) | Method of growing seedlings |
| CN111887086A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 海南省农业科学院热带园艺研究所 | Transplanting method of velvet dye leaf rice trees |
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| CN101524027B (en) | 2011-08-03 |
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Assignee: Changde Kenong Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. Assignor: Chen Zhijun Contract record no.: 2011430000270 Denomination of invention: Easy drought-resistant substrate seedling transplantation technology for dry crops Granted publication date: 20110803 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20090909 Record date: 20111027 |
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Granted publication date: 20110803 Termination date: 20180408 |